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(外研版)初中英语八年级上册知识点归纳总结

(外研版)初中英语八年级上册知识点归纳总结
(外研版)初中英语八年级上册知识点归纳总结

(外研版)初中英语八年级上册知识点归纳总结

Module 1

一、重点短语

1. look up 查;查找

2. make a mistake 犯错误

3. talk about 谈论;讨论

4. speak English 讲英语

5. write down 写下;记下

6. next to 在……旁边;紧挨着

7. listen to the radio 听广播

8. be good for 对……有好处

9. write to 给……写信

10. a little 有点

11. agree with sb. 同意某人

12. talk to 跟……交谈

13. send sth. to sb. 把某物(发)送给某人

14. ask for 请求

15. watch films 看电影

16. be from 来自

17. smile at 冲……微笑

18. go to bed 去睡觉

19. get up 起床

20. think about 考虑

21. make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友

22. take sb. around sp. 带领某人参观某地

23. a few 几个;一些

24. invite sb. to 邀请某人到……

25. be good at 擅长

26. for example 例如

二、重点句型

1. advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事

2. be afraid to... 害怕做……

3. be good for... 对……有好处的

4. be (a) great way(s) to do sth 做……的(一种)好方法

5. It is natural to do sth. 做某事是合乎常情的。

三、重点语法

1. Why not...? = Why don’t + you (we / they...)...?

意为“为什么不……呢?”,后接动词原形。

eg:

Why not / Why don’t we help the old clean

their rooms this afternoon?

今天下午为什么不去帮助老人打扫房间呢?

2. What / How about...? 意为“……怎么样?”,其中about 是介词,后接名词或动词-ing 形式。

eg:

What / How about drinking a cup of tea together?

一起喝杯茶怎么样?

What / How about a piece of cake?

来块蛋糕怎么样?

3. Let’s... 是一个以Let’s 开头的祈使句,表示建议对方和自己一起做某事,意为“让我们(包括双方在内)……”,后接动词原形。

eg:

Let’s watch the football match this afternoon.

让我们今天下午看足球赛吧。

4. It’s a good idea to... 意为“……是个好主意。”,to 后接动词原形。eg:

It’s a good idea to go for a picnic this weekend.

这周末去野餐是个好主意。

5. should 意为“应该”,后接动词原形。

eg:

We should always walk on the right.

我们应该总是靠右走。

Module 2

一、重点短语

1. pretty good 相当好;很好

2. in fact 事实上

3. in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代

4. one day 有一天

5. come from 来自

6. lots of 许多

7. be famous for 以……而闻名

8. part of ……的一部分

9. more than 超过;多于

10. on the coast 在海岸边

11. in the east/south/west/north of…在……的东/南/西/北部

二、重点句型

1. —What’s the population of ...?

……的人口是多少?

—It has a population of ...

……有……人口。

2. Remember to do... 记得去做……

3. How was your weekend? 你周末过得怎么样?

4. ... is taller / bigger than... ……比……高/大。

5. ... is as beautiful as... ……和……一样漂亮。

三、重点语法

形容词比较级的常用句型

1. A + be + 形容词比较级+ than + B,意为“A 比B 更……”

2. A + be + as + 形容词原级+ as + B,意为“A 和B 一样……”

3. Which / Who is + 形容词比较级,A or B?,意为“哪个/ 谁更……,A 还是B?”

4. A + be + not + so + 形容词原级+ as + B,意为“A 不像B 一样……”

Module 3

一、重点短语

1. sit down 坐下

2. stay at home 待在家里

3. bad luck 坏运气

4. watch TV 看电视

5. lose matches 输掉比赛

6. next time 下一次

7. be good at 擅长

8. play against 对抗

9. warm up 热身;做准备活动

10. be late for 迟到

11. cheer on 用欢呼声激励;为……加油

12. keep fit 保持健康

13. get lost 迷路

14. a minute ago 一分钟之前

15. plenty of 许多

16. be ready for 为……做好准备

17. at weekends 在周末

18. in the countryside 在乡村

二、重点句型

1. What’s the score? 比分是多少?

2. What’s the matter with... ……怎么了?

3. That’s because ... 那是因为……

4. It is more difficult to do...做……更加困难。

5. ... is more enjoyable / important than ...

……比……更加令人愉快/ 重要。

三、重点语法

比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……。

如:It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。

如果是多音节和部分双音节词,就用“more and more + 原级”结构。如:It is raining more and more heavily. 雨越下越大。

the + 比较级+ ..., the + 比较级+ ...”表示“越……,越……。

如:The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. 你越仔细,你犯的错误就越少。

表示两者中“较……”时,用“the + 比较级+ of 短语”来表达。

如:He is the thinner of the two. 他是两人中较瘦者。

Module 4

一、重点短语

1. by bike 骑自行车

2. far from 远离

3. road accident 公路上的交通事故

4. as well 也,和,还

5. get crowded 变得拥挤

6. have a great trip 旅途愉快

7. take a plane 乘飞机

二、重点句型

1. What happened? 发生了什么事?

2. What about doing ...? 做……怎么样?

3. It takes ... some time to do ...

做……花费……多长时间。

4. ... is the second longest ... +介词+范围。

……是……中第二长的……

5. What’s the best way to do ...?

做……最好的方式是什么?

三、重点语法

将三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级。形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the;副词的最高级前定冠词the 可以省略。

1.变化规则

A. 规则变化

B. 不规则变化

far —farthest / furthest

good / well —best

bad / badly —worst

2.常用句型

(1)主语+ 谓语+ 最高级+ in / of / among + 范围,表示“……是……中最……”

(2)Who/Which+谓语+最高级,A, BorC?,表示“哪个是最……,A,B还是C?”

(3)主语+ 谓语+ one of the + 最高级+ 名词复数+in/of/...+范围,表示“在……中,……是最……之一”

(4)主语+ 谓语+ the + 序数词+ 最高级+ 单数名词+ in / of /... + 范围,表示“……是……中的第几……”

Module 5

一、重点短语

1. in the end 最后,终于

2. be famous for 因……而出名

3. would like 想要

4. the beginning of ……的开头

5. send sb. to sp. 把某人送到某地

6. be named 被命名为......

7. give a warm welcome to 热情欢迎......

8. take place 发生

二、重点句型

1. It is difficult to do ... 做……是困难的。

2. ... hope to do ... ……希望做……

3. ... was born in + 地点+ in + 时间.

……于某时出生于某地。

4. ... is one of + the +adj.最高级+ 名词复数+介词+范围.……是……中最……的……之一。

5. If you like..., you can do ...

如果你喜欢……,你可以做……

三、重点语法

1. 我们经常需要表达“想要做某事”或“决定做某事”时,要用到“to + 动词原形”的结构,这种结构就叫做动词不定式。常见的

后接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:plan, decide, want, agree, try, hope, offer, like, need 等

2. 英语中,有些动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语称为“双宾语”。此类动词常见的有:buy, pass, give, offer, show, bring, send 等。其句型结构为:主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语= 主语+ 动词+ 直接宾语+ 介词(for / to) + 间接宾语

注意:当表示物的宾语为代词时,只能使用主语+ 动词+ 直接宾语+ 介词+ 间接宾语”的表达形式。例如:

Can you send it to me as soon as possible?

你能尽快把它邮寄给我吗?

Module 6

一、重点短语

1. in danger 处于危险中

2. be interested in 对……感兴趣

3. think of 想起

4. take away 拿走;带走

5. look after 照顾;照料

6. find out 找出;发现;查明

7. many kinds of 许多种......

8. set up 建立;创立

二、重点句型

1. ... is interested to do ... ……对做……感兴趣。

2. ... allow ... to do ... ……允许……做……

3. ... is doing ... ……正在做……

4. It is sad to think of ... 一想到……就让人难过。

5. ... need to do ... ……需要做……

三、重点语法

(一)动词不定式作宾语补足语

动词不定式充当宾语补足语,是对宾语的补充说明。常用于“动词+ 宾语+ 动词不定式”这一结构中。能接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词分为后接带to 的不定式和省略to 的不定式两种。

1. 接带to 的不定式,即“动词+ 宾语+ to +动词原形”。这类动词有allow, ask, advise, tell, want, choose, need 等

2. 接省略to 的不定式,即“动词+ 宾语+ 动词原形”。这类动词通常为实义动词和感官动词(组),可总结为:一感(feel),二听(hear, listen to),三使(make, let, have),五看(see, watch, notice, observe, look at)

(二)动词不定式作目的状语

不定式作目的状语,通常用来表示行为动词的目的,意为“为了……”,既可放在句首,也可放在句尾,如例句5 和例句6。

Module 7

一、重点短语

1. fall down 跌倒

2. in a tree 在树上

3. tea party 茶会

4. look at 看……

5. once or twice 偶尔

6. nothing strang 没有什么奇怪的事

7. think about 考虑

8. go off (灯)熄灭;停〔电〕

9. on one's way to…在某人去……的路上

l0. be with sb. 和某人在一起

11. take the place of 代替:接替

12. so... that…如此……以至于……

13. not as... as…不如……

二、重点句型

1. What’s the book about? 这本书是关于什么的?

2. ... was doing ... ……(过去)正在做……

3. Do you already know... 你已经知道……了吗?

4. Why did you do ... 你(过去)为什么做……?

5. To see if ... do... 为了看……是否做……

三、重点语法

Module 8

一、重点短语

1. in time 及时

2. fall off 从……摔下

3. pay attention 留意,注意

4. side by side 肩并肩

5. all the time 总是,时时刻刻

6. climb out 爬出来

7. pick up 捡起

8. get worse 变得更糟

9. in great pain 处于巨大的痛苦中

10. call people 给人们打电话

11. play music 播放音乐

12. take photos 照相

13. look at 看

14. start with 以……开始

15. make sure 确定

16. next to 在……旁;挨着

17. get hurt 受伤

18. take off 起飞

19. make a quick decision 做出快速的决定

二、重点句型

1. While ... was doing ..., ... did ... ……正在做……的时候,……做……

2. ... begin to do ... ……开始做……

3. Don’t do ... 不要做……

4. ... try to do ... ……尽力做……

5. ... is glad to do ... ……乐意做……

三、重点语法

●while 引导的时间状语从句多指时间段,从句动词常是延续性动词,例如:While I was sleeping, my mother came back from work.

当我正在睡觉的时候,我妈妈下班回来了。

当主句和从句的动作都是延续的或同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,常用while 引导,例如:

2. While I was doing my homework, my sister was reading a book.

当我做作业的时候,我妹妹正在看书。

●when 引导的时间状语从句既可指时间点,也可指时间段,从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,例如:

When I met Lucy, she was doing exercise in the park.

当我遇见露西的时候,她正在公园里锻炼身体。

Module 9

一、重点短语

1. talk about 谈论

2. such as 例如

3. population increase 人口增长

4. make notes 记笔记

5. the population of China 中国的人口

6. one fifth 五分之一

7. I can't believe it! 我简直无法相信!

8. 7 billion 七十亿

9. hang on 稍等

10. more than 超过

11. close to 靠近

12. not...any more 不再

13. local school 当地的学校

14. close down (永久)关闭,关停

15. in fact 事实上

16. all over the world 全世界

17. too much rubbish 太多的垃圾

18. for example 例如

二、重点句型

1. The population of ... is ... ……的人口是……

2. It is expensive to do... 做……是昂贵的。

3. It is clear that... 显然,……

三、重点语法

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