2019年英语新同步译林课件+讲义+精练 (4)

Section_ⅠWelcome to the unit & Reading — Pre-reading

[原文呈现]

Visiting the masters

Hi Yang Yan

Here I am in Amsterdam. This trip has been fantastic①！As you know, I am with my aunt and grandmother. They are both good artists, and I'm thinking about starting painting myself after I get back. Let me tell you all about our trip.

My grandmother really likes Picasso's paintings and thinks he is the greatest artist ever, so we started in Spain②and went to the city of Málaga, the birthplace③of Picasso. Near the house where Picasso was born is a museum full of his art. Málaga is a lovely city and the architecture④is beautiful. I was amazed to learn that Picasso had an output⑤ of more than 20,000 pieces of art. He did not just paint, but made sculptures and worked with all kinds of media⑥. He experimented with⑦ different styles of painting, but was most famous for his work in Cubism⑧，which often uses acute angles⑨and where the world is represented as⑩being constructed of cubes?and rectangles?.

[读文清障]

①fantastic adj.极好的，了不起的

②Spain/speIn/n.西班牙

③birthplace/'b??θpleI s/n.出生地；发源地

④architecture/'ɑ?kI tekt??(r)/n.建筑；建筑学

⑤output/'a?tp?t/n.产量，输出量；输出

⑥media/'mi?dI?/是medium的复数形式

medium/'mi?dI?m/n.(艺术创作的)材料，形式；媒介，传媒adj.中等的

⑦experiment with尝试

⑧Cubism/'kju?bI z?m/n.立体主义，立体派

⑨acute/?'kju?t/adj.锐角的；强烈的；(疾病)急性的；灵敏的；敏锐的

acute angle n．锐角

⑩be represented as被呈现为……

?cube/kju?b/n.立方形，立方体

?rectangle/'rekt??gl/n.长方形，矩形

struggling artist, and settled in Paris, France. So, after visiting Spain, we went to Paris. During our four days in Paris we spent one whole day at the Louvre Museum, where we saw the Mona Lisa, painted by the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. He created this work between 1503 and 1506. I was really impressed by this picture of a lady with a mysterious smile. By popular consensus?，this is the most valuable painting in the world —it is impossible to calculate?what price it would fetch if it ever came on the market?. Besides?being a painter, da Vinci was also an architect, scientist and engineer. He designed many new inventions, including a primitive form of a helicopter?and a tank?.

Besides the works of da Vinci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings, ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century?. It doesn't have any modern paintings in it, however. Modern pa

our second day in Paris because my aunt was eager to see?the works of Claude Monet.

?consensus/k?n'sens?s/n.共识，一致的意见

?calculate/'k?lkj?leIt/v t. & v i.计算，推测

calculator n．计算器

?come on the market上市，出售

on the open market自由买卖

what引导宾语从句作calculate的宾语；if引导条件状语从句。

?besides prep.除……之外(还)，相当于in addition to或apart from，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

?helicopter/'helIk?pt?(r)/n.直升机

?tank/t??k/n.坦克；(储存液体或气体的)箱，槽，罐

?现在分词短语ranging from ... to ...作后置定语，修饰前面的paintings；range from ... to ...是固定结构，意思是“从……到……不等”。

?be eager to do sth.迫不及待地做某事

can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事

of○21 a style called Impressionism○22. With Impressionism, the painter abandons○23the idea of representing things exactly as they look in a photograph○24，but seeks to show movement and the feelings of the moment, through the use of colours, light and shadows○25. Monet loved to paint outdoors, and almost never used a studio. Though when he was younger he painted a wide variety of subjects, when he was older he most often painted the water lilies○26○27floating on the surface of the pond○28in his garden.

Yesterday, we went to the Van Gogh Museum, here in Amsterdam. Van Gogh was also a member of the Impressionist Movement○29. Altogether, he painted about 800 oil paintings○30 and did 1,600 drawings. One of his most famous oil paintings is The Potato Eaters, which he painted in 1885. Among his works, my favourite is Starry○31Night, which he completed in 1889. Unfortunately, although van Gogh committed○32his whole being○33to painting, he received little reward○34for his effort. His younger brother, Theo，○35acting as his agent○36, tried hard to sell van Gogh's paintings, but could only sell one painting, for 400 francs○37，before van Gogh died in 1890. Today, van Gogh's paintings are worth upwards of○38millions of dollars each.

Tomorrow we are off to○39another museum in Amsterdam. The most famous paintings there are by Rembrandt. He lived from 1606 until 1669. My aunt really wants to see a painting of his called The Night Watch, which was painted in 1642.

I'll tell you more about my trip when I get back.

Regards

Li Ming,○21be typical of ... 是……的典型

○22Impressionism/Im'pre??nIz?m/n.印象主义，印象派

○23abandon v．放弃，抛弃

abandon oneself to沉湎于，放纵(感情)

○24as they look in a photograph是as引导的方式状语从句。

○25shadow/'??d??/n.阴影，影子；阴暗处

○26water lily/'lIlI/n.睡莲

○27现在分词短语floating ... 作后置定语。

○28pond/p?nd/n.池塘

○29Impressionist/Im'pre??nIst/Movement n．印象主义运动

○30oil painting n．油画

○31starry/'stɑ?rI/adj.布满星星的；像星星的，明亮的

○32commit/k?'mIt/v t. & v i.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证commit one's whole being to ... 把自己的整个身心贡献于……

○33being/'bi?I?/n.身心；存在；生物

○34reward/rI'w??d/n.回报，报酬，奖励v t.奖励，给以报酬

○35现在分词短语acting as his agent作后置定语。

○36agent/'eId??nt/n.代理人，经纪人

○37franc/fr??k/n.法郎

○38upwards of在……以上，大于，超过

upwards of相当于over。

○39be off to动身去……

Please match the words with their proper meanings.

1．abstract A.the dark shape that sb./sth.'s form makes on a surface between the light and the surface

2．output B.a thing that you are given because you have done sth. good, worked hard, etc.

3．calculate C.based on general ideas and not on any particular real person, thing or situation

4．shadow D.the amount of sth. that a person, a machine or an organization produces

5．commit E．to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc.

6．reward F.do sth. illegal or wrong

1～6______________

答案：1～6CDEAFB

Lead-in

There are different types of paintings in existence.Look at the following pictures and find out what types of pictures they belong to.

1.

Pictures of objects,_like fruit and flowers, are called still lifes.

2.

A mural is a very large painting that is done on a wall.

3.

Abstract art is about shapes and colours rather than objects.

4.

Many artists earn money by painting pictures of rich and famous people.

5.

Paintings of nature have always been popular, both in China and in the west.

Fast-reading

1．What's the main idea of the text?

The text mainly tells us about a_trip_to_visit/a_visit_to_the_world_famous_masters. 2．Skim the text and put the following things in correct order.

①During our four days in Paris we spent one whole day at the Louver Museum.

②The author's favourite among the works of van Gogh is Starry Night.

③The author learned Picasso had an output of more than 20,000 pieces of art.

④We went to the Musée d'Orsay because my aunt was eager to see the works of Claude Monet.

⑤In Amsterdam, we visited another museum.

答案：③→①→④→②→⑤

Careful-reading

(Ⅰ)Choose the best answer according to the text.

1．According to the text all the statements are right EXCEPT that ________.

A．the city of Málaga was the birthplace of Picasso

B．Spain was Picasso's motherland

C．Picasso did not just paint, but made sculptures

D．the author does not like painting

2．The author was impressed by the picture, the Mona Lisa, because ________.

A．Mona Lisa was a lovely lady

B．Mona Lisa was a kind woman

C．Mona Lisa had a mysterious smile

D．it was the most expensive picture in the world

3．Which of the following statements about the Mona Lisa and Leonardo da Vinci is WRONG?

A．The Mona Lisa was created between 1503 and 1506.

B．Leonardo da Vinci designed many new inventions, including a tank and a bike.

C．It is generally agreed that the Mona Lisa is the most valuable painting in the world.

D．Besides being a painter, Leonardo da Vinci was also an architect, scientist and engineer.

4．Monet's paintings were typical of a style called ________.

A．Impressionism B．Modernism

C．Cubism D．Realism

5．What do you know about van Gogh after reading this text?

A．Van Gogh was not a member of the Impressionist Movement.

B．He painted only 80 oil paintings in his life.

C．The famous oil painting, The Potato Eaters, was painted by van Gogh in 1885.

D．Van Gogh received much reward for his paintings.

答案：1～5DCBAC

(Ⅱ)Fill in each blank with only one word according to the text.

Visiting the masters

Study-reading

Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.

1．My grandmother really likes Picasso's paintings and thinks he is the greatest artist ever, so we started in Spain and went to the city of Málaga, the birthplace of Picasso.

[句式分析]

[尝试翻译] 我奶奶非常喜欢毕加索的作品，认为他是有史以来最伟大的艺术家，所以我们从西班牙出发，去了毕加索的出生地马拉加市。

2．Of course, even though Picasso was Spanish, he left Spain while he was still a young and struggling artist, and settled in Paris, France.

[句式分析] Of course, even_though_Picasso_was_Spanish ，

让步状语从句

主句???

? he left Spain 分句一的主句while he ... struggling artist ，时间状语从句and settled in Paris ， France.分句二

[尝试翻译] 当然，尽管毕加索是西班牙人，但是当他还是一名年轻而又苦苦挣扎的艺术家时，他离开了西班牙，在法国巴黎定居下来。

3．Though when he was younger he painted a wide variety of subjects, when he was older he most often painted the water lilies floating on the surface of the pond in his garden.

[句式分析]

让步状语从句???? Though when he was younger →时间状语从句

he painted a wide of variety of subjects ，主句

主句???? when he was older →时间状语从句 he most often painted the water lilies →主句floating on the surface of the pond in his garden.现在分词短语作后置定语

[尝试翻译] 尽管在较年轻时他画了各种各样的题材，但到岁数大一点时，他最常画的是他家花园池塘里漂浮的睡莲。

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

One part of the world is still largely unexplored.It is the deep sea.Over the years, many people have explored under the sea.But the first deep-sea divers wanted to find sunken treasure.They weren't really interested in studying the creatures of life there.Only recently have they begun to learn some of the mysteries of the sea.

It's not easy to explore the deep sea.A diver must have a way of

breathing underwater.He must be able to protect himself from great

pressure.The pressure of air is about 15 pounds on every square inch.But

the pressure of water is about 1,300 pounds on every square inch!

The first diving suits were made of rubber.They had a metal helmet

(头盔) with windows in it.The shoes were made of lead and weighed twenty pounds each! These suits let divers go down a few hundred feet, but they were no good for exploring the very deep waters.With a metal diving suit, a diver could go down 700 feet.Metal suits were first used in the 1930s.

In 1927, a diver named William Beebe wanted to explore deeper than anyone had ever gone before.He was not interested in finding treasure.He wanted to study the creatures and plants of the sea.His friend invented a metal ball called the Bathysphere.It weighed more than 5,000 pounds, but in it Beebe went down 3,028 feet.He saw many things that had never been seen by humans before.

语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了深海探险的相关知识。

1．People who first explored the deep sea hoped to ______.

A．learn about the animals and plants of the sea

B．solve some mysteries about the sea

C．have an exciting trip in the sea

D．discover treasure under the sea

解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But the first deep-sea divers wanted to find sunken treasure.”可知，人们最初探测深海是想寻找沉入海底的金银财宝。

2．According to the text, what make(s) deep-sea diving difficult?

A．The pressure of water.

B．The temperature of water.

C．The dangerous sea creatures.

D．The heavy breathing equipment.

解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He must be able to protect himself from great pressure ...the pressure of water is about 1,300 pounds on every square inch！”可知，水压很大，这使得在深海中潜水非常困难。

3．Compared with rubber diving suits, metal diving suits ________.

A．had windows in the metal helmet

B．weighed twenty more pounds

C．were good for exploring deeper waters

D．began to be used much earlier

解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These suits let divers go down a few hundred feet, but they were no good for exploring the very deep waters.”和“With a metal diving suit, a diver could go down 700 feet.”可知，与橡胶潜水服相比，金属潜水服可以帮助人们探测较深的水域。

4．What do we know about William Beebe from the text?

A．He broke the diving record in his time.

B．He failed to find the treasure he wanted.

C．He met something terrible under the sea.

D．He was the first diver to explore the deep sea.

解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“William Beebe wanted to explore deeper than anyone had ever gone before.”和“Beebe went down 3,028 feet.He saw many things that had never been seen by humans before.”可推断，Beebe通过探海球(the Bathysphere)探测到了更深的海域，打破了以往的潜水纪录。

B

For more than a century it was thought that a beautiful face was appealing because it was a collection of average https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8413690354.html,ing his computer system, Dr David Perrett of the University of St Andrews has challenged the theory.In a key experiment, photographs of women were ranked for their attractiveness by a number of volunteers.Two composite (混合的) pictures were then created: one, the average of all the pictures, the other made from those rated most attractive.Although the faces looked very similar at first sight, most people said they preferred the composite of most attractive faces.

“The conclusion I reached，” said Dr Perrett, “was that the most attractive face was not average.If you look at famous film stars and supermodels, most of them have ideal (理想的) features — larger than normal eyes, higher arched eyebrows, slightly smaller noses, and higher cheekbones (颧骨)．Even popular cartoon characters such as Betty Boop, Yasmin from Aladdin and Bambi have big eyes, small turned-up noses, big mouths and small chins.And if these features are exaggerated, the attractiveness rating goes up even more.Julia Roberts is a good example of this.”

But what do scientists make of men's faces? Do men with large eyes, high cheekbones and a small chin have the same appeal? Researchers were a bit shocked at the top-ranking male face.They expected it to have the classic square jaw and strong cheekbones, but instead, women seem to prefer men with gentle faces.

Dr Perrett puts forward a reason to explain why so many women now go for baby-faced stars such as Leonardo DiCaprio and Jude Law.Women like a man with a feminine (女性化的) face because he is more likely to make a kinder and more trustworthy husband and father.

But do these ideals of beauty manage to cross cultural boundaries? Are the same features considered to be attractive all over the world? A worldwide study carried out by Professor Cunningham of the University of Louisville, Kentucky concluded that there were only very subtle differences between different cultures.In other words, although there might be a little truth in the old saying that beauty is in the eye of the beholder, by and large, we all seem to be attracted to the same things.

语篇解读：本文是议论文。文章探讨了人们如何判断美。

5．Dr Perrett reached his conclusion mainly by ________.

A．telling true stories

B．making comparisons

C．setting down general rules

D．following the order of importance

解析：选B写作手法题。由第一段Dr Perrett所做的实验“one, the average of all the pictures, the other made from those rated most attractive ...most people said they preferred the composite of most attractive faces”和第二段他的结论“the most attractive face was not average”可知，Dr Perrett通过实验对比得出其结论。

6．According to Dr Perrett's theory, Julia Roberts is considered very ________.

A．appealing B．intelligent

C．successful D．trustworthy

解析：选A细节理解题。由第二段Dr Perrett总结明星和超模的长相特点可知，朱莉娅·罗伯茨非常有魅力。

7．Which of the following features of men is most attractive to women?

A．Large eyes. B．Baby faces.

C．Big mouths. D．High cheekbones.

解析：选B细节理解题。由第三段的“women seem to prefer men with gentle faces”和第四段的“many women now go for baby-faced stars”可知答案。

8．According to the author, people from different cultures ________.

A．seem to pay little attention to their differences

B．have completely different views about beauty

C．have managed to cross cultural boundaries

D．seem to have the similar standard of beauty

解析：选D推理判断题。由最后一段Professor Cunningham的结论可知，不同文化之间对美的看法仅仅只是细微的差别，再由作者全文介绍Dr Perrett的最新理论以及最后一段他说的“by and large, we all seem to be attracted to the same things”可知，作者认为总体上人们有着相似的审美标准。

C

Since my retirement from teaching music in 2002, I have spent a good deal of time painting as an artist.I actually began drawing again in the summer of 1995 when my father died, so perhaps I was trying to recover from the loss of my father, or maybe it was just that it brought back memories of him.In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes much influenced by

Krenkel and St.John for five years.

For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but as soon as I walked out of the school door for the last time I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favourite artist.I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be the closest to how I thought good watercolors should look.So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting.However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, showing my paintings at a number of art exhibitions.

Art is now together with my piano playing and reading.There is a time for everything in my world, and it is wonderful to have some time doing what I want to do.As Confucius once said, “At seve nty I can follow my heart's desire.”

语篇解读：本文讲述了作者退休后开始学习绘画的故事。

9.What is the text mainly about?

A．Learning to paint in later life.

B．How to paint watercolors.

C．An artist-toured teacher.

D．Life after retirement.

解析：选D主旨大意题。本文主要讲述作者退休后开始学习绘画的故事。

10．The author started drawing again in 1995 because ______.

A．he hoped to draw a picture of his father

B．he couldn't stop missing his father

C．he had more time after retirement

D．he liked animals and landscapes

解析：选B推理判断题。从第一段“...perhaps I was trying to recover from the loss of my father ...”可知作者想从思念父亲中摆脱出来，从而推断作者十分想念父亲。

11．We can infer from the text that the author ________.

A．had been taught by Krenkel and St.John

B．painted landscapes in Minnesota for five years

C．believed Wyeth to be the best in watercolors

D．started his retirement life at the age of seventy

解析：选C推理判断题。从第二段“...found his watercolors to be the closest to how I thought good watercolors should look ...”可知作者认为安德鲁·韦斯的水彩画最好。所以答案选C。

12．How does the author probably feel about his life as an artist?

A．Very enjoyable. B．A bit regretful.

C．Rather busy. D．Fairly dull.

解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There is a time for everything in my world, and it is wonderful ...”可知，作者对这种艺术生活的感受是一种享受。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

People lie all the time, but depending on how skilled they are. It can be difficult to determine when someone is lying to you. Do you know how to recognize the signs that someone is lying to you? __1__

?Liars make false eye contact.

A person who is lying to you won't make eye contact with you or they make too much eye contact. If a person is lying, he may feel you are watching him and he will look down at the floor or keep away from your eyes. Some people try to stare at your face in a deliberate way. __2__ ?Liars avoid using contractions (缩约形式)．

The liar will say “I did NOT notice your money” instead of “I didn't notice your money”. This is an attempt by the liar to be absolutely clear what they mean. __3__

?Weird (古怪的) body language.

Liars often feel uneasy, turn away from the person to whom they are speaking, blink rapidly, smile less and have pitch changes in their tone of voice. They may cross their arms which is a sign of being “closed”，or trying not to reveal too much information. __4__ They could touch parts of their face, ear or nose or play with keys or another item that they have in their hand.

?Liars provide additional information without being asked for it.

__5__ The result is the more complicated the story is, the less believable it will be. You will have the feeling that nothing could be further from the truth.

A．Usually, it ends up making the story a lot less believable.

B．Here are some ways to help you recognize liars and catch lies.

C．Sometimes people will look unnatural when they are lying.

D．They will get angry if you doubt their story.

E．They seem to think that by telling their story in detail, you will find it more believable.

F．They try to change the subject or move the conversation in a different direction.

G．In this way, they feel like making eye contact will make what they are saying more believable.

语篇解读：本文为我们介绍了几种辨别说谎者在说谎的方法。

1．选B根据上下文内容可知，空格处在此起承上启下的作用，故选B“下面的几种方法可以帮助你辨别说谎者”。

2．选G根据空格前的“stare at your face in a deliberate way”可知选G，G项中的“In this way”与“in a deliberate way”相对应。

3．选A本段主要讲的是说谎者通常不喜欢使用缩略语，这样反而会使他说的话更不可信，故选A。

4．选C有时人们在撒谎时会表现得不自然，下文对此进行了举例说明，故选C。

5．选E E项中的“telling their story in detail”与标题中的“provide additional information”相对应，故选E。