状语从句-2019年高考英语语法必考考点-Word版含解析教学文案

【考点解读】

在复合句中，修饰主句或主句谓语的句子叫作状语从句。状语从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、比较和目的等九大类。

一、状语从句引导词列表

从句类型从属连词

时间状语从句as, after, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as soon as

地点状语从句where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere

原因状语从句because, since, as, now (that), seeing that, considering that, in that

结果状语从句that, so that, so/such ...that ...

目的状语从句so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, for the purpose that

条件状语从句if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case, provided that

比较状语从句than, as ...as, not so/as ...as

方式状语从句as, as if/though, how

让步状语从句though, although, even if/though, however, whatever, as, while

【点睛】

(1)上述有些连词除了能引导状语从句外，还可引导定语从句和名词性从句。在使用的时候，要根据句子结构和句意来判别和区分不同的从句，正确使用引导词。以where为例，试比较下列多种从句的区别。

You are to find it where you left it. (地点状语从句)

Tell me the address where he lives. (定语从句，先行词为the address)

I don’t know where he came from. (宾语从句)

Where he has gone is not known yet. (主语从句)

This place is where they once hid. (表语从句)

(2)在两个分句间要有一个且只有一个连词，千万不能按汉语习惯。

Because he was ill, he didn’t come to school.

＝He was ill, so he didn’t come to school.

(3)在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致(或从句的主语为it)，从句的谓语又包含动词be时，从句中的“主语＋be”部分可省略。

When (he was) asked about it, he kept silent.

Fill in the blanks with articles when (they are) necessary.

If (it is) possible, I’ll explain it again later.

She stood at the gate as if (she was) waiting for someone.

二、时间状语从句

1. “一……就……”的表达如下表

2. till和until的用法

(1)肯定句中，主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为“某一动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。

He remained there till/until she arrived.

(2)否定句中，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。

I was not aware that I forgot my ticket till/until I got to the station.

(3)till不可置于句首，until可以。

(4)强调和倒装句中，not ...until应视为一个整体，同时被强调或置于句首。

It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.

Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.

3. before和since的用法

(1)before常用于表示“还未……就；不到……就；……才；趁……；还没来得及”等含义。

We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

He rushed out of the house before I could say anything else.

(2)句型It was/will be＋时间段＋before ...意为“过了多久才……”。It was not long before ... /It will not be long before ...意为“不久就……”。

It will be one year and a half before I come back.

It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.

(3)since从句的谓语动词一般是短暂性动词，主句谓语动词则是延续性动词或反复发生的动作。since 引导的从句时态为一般过去时，主句时态为现在完成时或现在完成进行时。

She has been working for the company since she left school.

(4)句型It is/has been＋时间段＋since ...意为“自从……到现在多久了”。

It is a long time since I saw you last time.

＝ I have not seen you for a long time.

It has been two years since I was admitted to this key middle school.

＝ I was admitted to this key middle school two years ago.

It is three years since I smoked a cigar.

＝ It is three years since I stopped smoking a cigar.

三、原因状语从句

1. because, as, since, now that的用法区别如下表：

—Why are you absent from the meeting? —Because I am ill.

He is disappointed because he didn’t get the position.

As his mother was a great music lover, he lived with music from birth.

Since his music style was new, he decided his hairstyle had to be new too!

2. 除了状语从句外，一些介词短语也可以表示原因。如：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to, on account of等。

They were late because of the traffic.

3. for引导表示原因的并列句，补充说明根据什么推断出前一分句的结果。

He must have gone to bed, for the light is out.

注意地点状语从句与定语从句的区别，试比较：

This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.

Let’s go where we can find a better job.

五、目的状语从句与结果状语从句

1. so that引导的目的状语从句及结果状语从句的区别：

(1)so that引导目的状语从句时，只能置于主句之后，从句谓语部分常需用情态动词can, may, could 等，可用in order that代替。后者更正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句前或后。

(2)so that引导结果状语从句时，从句的谓语部分一般没有情态动词，其作用等于so。试比较：

We got up early so that we could catch the train. (此句只强调早起的目的，结果未明)

We got up early so that we caught the train. (此句表明了早起的结果：赶上了火车)

2. so ...that与such ...that引导结果状语从句的区别：

其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。常见以下几种句型结构：

(1)so＋形容词/副词＋that从句。

He was so excited that he could not say a word.

(2)such＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋that从句。

It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.

(3)such＋形容词＋复数名词/不可数名词＋that从句。

It was such fine weather that we went out for a walk.

(4)so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数形式＋that从句。

试比较：

Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.

＝ Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.

(5)so＋many/much/few/little＋名词＋that从句。在“两多两少”(many/much/few/little)前要用so来修饰。

He earned so little money that he couldn’t suppor t himself.

3. 除了状语从句外，不定式in order to/so as to等也可以表示目的。

In order to get home earlier, we had to run all the way.

4. 除了状语从句外，too ...to, enough ...to, so ... as to, such (...) to等不定式结构也可以表示结果。

We got up early enough to catch the train.

1. 条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。后者应使用虚拟语气，试比较：

If you work hard, you’ll make progress. (真实条件句)

If you had worked harder, you would have passed the exam. (虚拟条件句)

2. “祈使句＋and ...”和“祈使句＋or/otherwise ...”

以上两种结构中的祈使句都表示条件， and或or/otherwise后面的内容表示结果。

Climb to the top of the mountain and you’ll see the whole city.

＝If you climb to the top of the mountain, you’ll see the whole city.

Hurry up, or/otherwise you’ll be late.

＝If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.

3. “名词＋and ...”结构

此结构中的名词可改为if引导的条件状语从句，有时也可改为由when, after引导的时间状语从句，and后面的句子表示主句内容。

Another sound and the enemy would discover us.

＝ If we made another sound, the enemy would discover us.

A few minutes and they went away.

＝ When/After a few minutes had passed, they went away.

七、让步状语从句

1. as引导让步状语从句时，需要使用倒装结构，表示强调。被强调的部分可为名词、形容词、副词等。若名词提前，要求省略冠词。

Tired as he was (＝Though he was tired), he continued his work.

Much as I respect him (＝Though I respect him much), I can’t agree to his proposal.

Child as he is (＝Although he is a child), he could raise a stone of 100 kilos.

2. while引导让步状语从句，一般放在句首。

While (＝Although) I don’t like it, I will try to learn it well.

3. 注意“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句。

No matter how hard (＝However hard) I have tried, I can’t find the answer.

八、比较状语从句

注意两种特殊的比较状语从句结构：

1. the more ...the more结构。

The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.

2. A is to B what/as X is to Y结构。

Food is to men what oil is to machines.

九、方式状语从句

1. 方式状语从句表示动作的方式。as之前常可用just加强语气。

When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

I did just as the teacher did.

2. as if/as though引导方式状语从句时，常用虚拟语气。

He talks as if he knew everything in the world.

She spoke English so well as if she had been to America.

状语从句是高考英语的一个十分重要的考点，几乎每年都考。综观历年高考英语试题以及近年来各省市试题，我们发现高考对状语从句的考查主要涉及引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与辨析。

由于高考对状语从句的考查主要涉及引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与辨析，所以在做状语从句考题时，考生在特别注意以下几点：

(1) 要弄清状语从句的几个主要类别：如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、地点状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句等，同时弄清它们相应的主要“引导词”及其相关意义。

(2) 学会用语境分析法解题：综观历年高考英语状语从句考题，至少有90%的考题可通过分析语境来解决。具体做法是，将四个选项分别放入题干中，意思最明确，逻辑最通顺，最合情合理的，就一定是最佳答案。

(3) 留意某些含有状语从句的特殊句式：如it is…since…，not…until…，hardly…when…，no sooner…than…等。

(4) 排除命题干扰：有时命题者为了增加试题的难度和灵活性，可能会在题干中增加干扰成分，如增加修饰语或插入独立结构或插入语，使用省略结构或省略句式等，同学们在做题时要注意排除这些干扰。

【真题分析】

一、单项选择

1. (2018·江苏卷) _______

you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay

motivated after one or two nights.

A. Once

B. Unless

C. If

D. When

【答案】B

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。A. Once一旦；B. Unless除非；C. If如果；D. When当……时候。故选B。

2. (2018·天津卷) Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.

A. ever since

B. as if

C. even though

D. so that

【答案】D

【解析】考查状语从句。句意:让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。A. ever since自那时起；B. as if好像；C. even though尽管；D. so that以便。从句为目的状语从句，用 so that引导，故选D

3. (2018·北京卷) _________ we don’t stop clim ate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.

A. Although

B. While

C. If

D. Until

【答案】C

4. (2017·北京卷) If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.

A. because

B. though

C. until

D. since

【答案】C

【解析】考查状语从句。A. because因为B. though尽管C. until直到D. since自从。句意：如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止。根据句意可知选用umtil直到，选C。

5.【2017·北京】25. ______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.

A. Once

B. If

C. Although

D. Because

【解析】考查状语从句。A. Once一旦 B. If如果 C. Although尽管 D. Because因为。句意：尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。根据语境可知前后之间是让步关系，故选C。

6. (2017·江苏卷) Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.

A. why

B. when

C. which

D. where

【答案】D

【解析】考查状语从句。be located in+地点名词,位于坐落某地, where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in

some place，故选D。句意：位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡

7. (2016·北京卷) My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ________ he’s in his nineties.

A. as long as

B. as if

C. even though

D. in case

【答案】C

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：即使是九十多岁了，我的爷爷仍然时不时地打打网球。A.as long as只要，引导条件句；B.as if似乎，引导方式状语从句或表语从句；C. even though即使，引导让步状语从句；

D.in case以防，引导目的状语从句。这里是转折关系，故选C。

8. (2016·浙江卷) _______online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.

A. Since

B. After

C. While

D. Unless

【答案】C

9. (2016·北京卷) I really enjoy listening to music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind

away from other cares of the day.

A. because

B. before

C. unless

D. until

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：我非常喜欢听音乐，因为它能让我放松，使我不去想其它的事。前后是因果关系，故选A。

10. (2015·北京卷) _____the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.

A. Until

B. Unless

C. Once

D. Although

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：一旦农田被毁坏，将需要许多年的时间才能得以恢复。A. until译为到……为止，直到……才，在……以前；B. unless译为如果不，除非；C. once译为一旦，一经……便；D. although 译为虽然，然而，尽管。结合句意，故选C。

二、单句填空

1. (2018·新课标I卷) While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life ________walking ,cycling or swimming.

【答案】than

【解析】考查连词。句中it指代running, 空后是walking,都是动名词，再根据句意：虽然经常跑步不能使你永远活着，但是评论说经常跑步在延长生命这方面比步行更有效，故填连词than。

2. (2018·新课标II卷) Corn uses less water ________rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. 【答案】than

3. (2017·浙江卷) Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house．【答案】so

【解析】考查状语从句。 Pahlsson的尖叫声是如此响亮以至于她的女儿从房子中跑了出来。此处是so…that…结构，表示“如此……以至于……”。

4. (2016·新课标III卷) 0ver time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly．

【答案】as或when

【解析】考查状语从句。随着人口的增长或当人口增长时，人们开始把食物切成小片。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，表示“随着”或“当……时”，故填as或when。

5. (2016·四川卷) 66 it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.

【答案】When/If

【解析】考查连词。当熊猫宝宝哭泣的时候／如果熊猫宝宝哭泣，熊猫妈妈会前后摇晃熊猫宝宝，而且会轻轻地拍它。语境表明，此处用连词When或If引导状语从句。

高考英语复习 状语从句讲解

状语从句一什么是状语从句 二状语从句位置 三状语从句分类 四特殊句式 五状语从句常见考点 六练一练

一什么是状语从句 状语从句是行使状语功能的从句，因为其作用相当于副词，它可以用来修饰谓语、定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句通常由一个连接词或起连接词作用的词组引导。 二状语从句位置 比较灵活，有时可以放于句首，有时可以置于句末。状语从句位于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 三状语从句分类

让步状语 though, although, even though, while whether ，whoever/no matter who ，whatever/ n o m atter w hat ，whenever/ no matter Even t hough y ou s ay s o, I d o n ot believe it. 比较状语 than as …as ，the more … the more The m ore I s ee him , t he l ess I l ike h im. 方式状语 as, as if , as though He t old m e e verything a s i f I w ere h is best friend. 四 特殊句式 时间状语中 A:It + b e +时间点+ w hen …… 当某事发生时是什么时候 It was 11:00 PM when he came back last night. B:It i s/has b een +时间段 + s ince …… 自从某事发生后已过了多久时间 It i s /has b een t wo y ears s ince I e ntered t he t he s enior s chool. C:It + be +时间段 + before …… 在某事发生之前需要多久时间 It was 8 years before we finally drove away the Japanese invaders. It m ight b e a l ong t ime b efore C hinese l and o n t he m oon. 让步状语从句 A: as 引导的让步状语从句， 从句的表语、状语必须前置到句首。 Short as he is, he plays basketball very well. Child as he is, he is knowledgeable. （开头 0 冠词的用法） 1 2

高 考 状 语 从 句 考 点 复习要点

高考状语从句考点复习 一状语从句高考的考查特点 1. 试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点 (不同性质的连词; 定语从句和名词性从句的干扰 2. 题干句的情景化增强,句意理解难度提高 二能力要求： 1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词 2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际. 3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的用法区别. 三状语从句的定义、功能、分类 定义：在复合句中作状语的从句 功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句 分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。 从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。 ▲ 常见考点： 考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题； 考点二、连接词的选择（注意区别几组连接词：while / as / when引导时间状语从句；because / since / as / for引导原因状语从句；if / unless引导条件状语从句；so…that / such…that引导结果状语从句等）； 考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换； 考点四、状语从句的倒装结构（hardly / scarcely…when；no sooner…than 等） 考点五、根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词；2.根据从属连词的词义。

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高考英语最新状语从句知识点基础测试题附解析 一、选择题 1．______ this approach is effective in losing weight, it is not as beneficial as keeping a balanced diet. A．Once B．While C．Unless D．Until 2．Why do many students stick to private tutoring _____ they could easily master such knowledge at school? A．unless B．before C．after D．when 3．______the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. A．Until B．Unless C．Once D．Although 4．The basic model function of the hero seems to remain constant, ______ the precise qualities of hero may vary over time. A．in case B．as if C．so that D．even though 5．—Did you return Fred’s call? —I didn’t need to ____ I’ll see him tomorrow. A．though B．unless C．when D．because 6．Do not make complaints about being left out___you shy away from sharing your joys and sorrow with others. A．when B．unless C．once D．until 7．The leaders of Catalonia said that he had decided to delay the declaration of independence ______ they could have a further negotiation with Spanish government. A．in case B．in order to C．so that D．not until 8．—Mr. Robert, I’d like to take a gap year to volunteer for a global anti-Aids campaign.—That’s great, ______ you can afford the time. A．provided that B．in case C．even if D．so that 9．Modern science has found that _______ one is using chopsticks, over 30 joints and over 50 muscles are used, which is a favorable stimulation to the brain. A．since B．although C．unless D．while 10．Under the regulation, restaurants and hotels shall stop offering throwaway items_______customers request them. A．since B．once C．unless D．until 11．You should take control of your life _________ it is planning coursework or picking a major. A．whenever B．whether C．whatever D．no matter 12．Jim put a table and chair in the spare room ________ his son could have a private place to study. A．even if B．only if C．for fear that D．in order that 13．These masterpieces in the Louvre Museum reach out to us across the centuries ______ time itself were nothing.

高中英语状语从句讲解和练习(含答案)

t 状语从句讲解和练习 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当 。例如： 1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副词) 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语) 3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式) 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词) 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句） 状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、 结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解 和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词 和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , dire ctly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 2．地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard. 3．原因状语从句 常用引导词：because, since, as, since 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful. Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference. The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable. 4．目的状语从句 常用引导词：so that, in order that 特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them. The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly. 5．结果状语从句 常用引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that, 特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, He got up so early that he caught the first bus. It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it. To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.