2012年专业英语四级语法题详解

2012年专业英语四级语法题解

51. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?

A. Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him. (度量衡作主语，意义一致，三单)

B. No one except his supporters agree with him. （可采取就近原则，也可和No one 一致）

C. Neither Julia nor I were going to the party. （只能就近原则，和I保持一致）

D. Few students in my class are really lazy. （语法一致，和students一致）

选【C】。

52. Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular count nouns （可数单数）and plural count nouns（可数复数）?

A. many a

B. few

C. such

D. the next

选【D】。

many a/ more than one/such a(n)/ each/ every/either/ neither/ one/ a(n)/another +book(单数)。

(a) few/many/several/ these/ those/ two/both/ another two/ a great number of + books。

such a(n)+book(单数)；such bread（不可数）; such books（复数）; no such book(单数) (no=not a)。

the next meeting /meetings(可数单数/复数)下一次会议/随后的几次会议

53. Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?

A. He promised himself rapid progress. （S +V +O i himself +O d）

B. The manager herself will interview Mary. (S+同位语herself +V +O)

C. I have nothing to say for myself. (S +V +O +不定式定语+介词+O myself)

D. They quarreled themselves red in the face. (S +V +O themself +O.C)

选【B】。

54. My boss ordered that the legal documents ____ to him before lunch.

A. be sent

B. were sent

C. were to be sent

D. must be sent

选【A】。

型虚拟语气)

像这样的表示“命令、建议、决定等”的动词有order, decide, decree, demand, insist, move, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, vote, move (提议)等。这些动词后所带宾语从句谓语动词要用（should）V（主动）或（should）be V ed (被动)。这类词的变体或相关词汇也要使用这种形式，如advise, advised, advice, advisable, 比较：

We advise/advised (that) he (should) be sent abroad to further his study. (宾语从句)

It is/was advised (that) he (should) be sent abroad to further his study. (主语从句)

It is/was advisable (that) he (should) be sent abroad to further his study. (主语从句)

That is/was our advice (that) he (should) be sent abroad to further his study. (同位语从句)

Our advice is/was that he (should) be sent abroad to further his study. (表语从句，that 不能省略)

55. Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS?

A. By now she will be eating dinner.

B. I shall never do that again.

C. My brother will help you with the luggage.

D. You shall get a promotion.

选【D】。will表“意愿（willingness）”可用于一切人称的主语。Shall严格限制于第二和第三人称主语，表示说话人的强烈意志和决心，用于法律或准法律的话语中，口气相当于must.(章振邦.2014:201; Quirk. 1985:230)

Shall is in very restricted use with 2nd and 3rd person subjects as a way of expressing the speaker's volition, either in granting a favour:

You shall do just as you wish.

She shall get her money as soon as she has earned it.

or in giving orders;

You shall do exactly as I say.

He shall be punished if he disobeys.

In these cases shall is archaic and 'authoritarian' in tone.

A further restricted use of shall with a 3rd person subject occurs in legal or quasi-legal discourse, in stipulating regulations or legal requirements. Here shall is close in meaning to must: The vendor shall maintain the equipment in good repair.

Note in this connection the archaic use of shall in the Biblical Ten Commandments; e. g:

Thou shalt not kill. (On the archaic 2nd person form shalt）

(Quirk. 1985:230)

AC选项将来，B表承诺，D表愿望。

56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?

A. How strange feelings they are!

B. How dare you speak to me like that!

C. What noise they are making!

D. What a mess we are in!

使用倒装的how和what 的感叹句：

How often have I bitterly regretted that day! (A S V O d )

How strange is his appearance! (C s V S)

How rarely do I see you! (rare and rhetorical) (A S V O d)

How dare he tell me what to do! (A S V O i O d)

What magnificent characters does she present in her latest novel! (O d S V A)

What a piece of work is man!人是多么奇妙的作品。(C s V S)

(徐广联.2015:1241;Quirk.1985:834)

A错误，应该为What strange feelings they are! (C s S V)

Adj n S V

57. Which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?

A. We never doubt that her brother is honest.

B. The problem is not who will go but who will stay.

C. You must give it back to whoever it belongs to.

D. It is clear that the crime was done deliberately.

选【D】。that 分句可以作主语、直接宾语、主语补足语（表语从句）、同位语从句和形容词的补足语（Adjectival complementation）,不可作宾语补足语或介词补足语，

（Quirk.1985:1049）

A. S V O d (宾语从句)

B. S V P/C s (表语从句)

C. S V d O i A O d（宾语从句(V d=ditransitive verb 双动词)

D. S形式主语V P/C s S真正主语（主语从句）

58. Which of the italicized parts functions as an object?

A. He doesn’t like the idea of my speaking at the meeting.

B. It is no use your pretending not to know the matter.

C. My parents strongly object to my going out alone at night.

D. Her falling into the river was the climax of the whole trip.

选【C】。

A. S V O d of AP（同位语）

B. S形式主语V P/C s S真正主语

C. S V object to O d

D. S V P/C s

59. All the following sentences have an appositive (同位语) EXCEPT

A. She bought herself a pair of new shoes.

B. Only one problem still remains-the food.

C. My friends all understand and support me.

D. She liked her current job，teaching English.

选【A】。

A. S V O i himeself O d

B. S l V—AP同位语one problem=the food

C. S AP同位语myfriend=all V and V O d

D. S V O d AP同位语her current job=teaching English

60. Which of the following best ex plains the meaning of“Shall we buy the tickets first”?

A. He said that we were going to buy the tickets first.

B. He requested that we buy the tickets first.

C. He suggested that we buy the tickets first.

D. He advised us to buy the tickets first.

选【B】。

ShallI/we…?征询对方意见，对共同的活动提出建议；

request是有礼貌地或正式请求对方，不限人称；

suggest是告诉某人你自己的想法，他们该做什么或他们该去哪里等，有人称限制，是他们，不包括说话人；

advise是告诉某人你认为他们该做什么，尤其是你对他们所做之事了解得比他们多时。

详情参见如下英文释义：

(1) shall I/we ... ? In questions containing shall I/ we, shall consults the wishes of the addressee, and thus moves from a volitional towards an obligational meaning. It is suitable for making offers and for making suggestions about shared activities:

Shall I/we deliver the goods to your home address? [=Do you want me/us t o . . .?:

What shall we do this evening? Shall we go to the theatre? （Quirk.1985,230）

（2）request ：formal to ask for something in a polite or formal way :

I requested that they not interrupt me. I request that she go alone.

(3)suggest: to tell someone your ideas about what they should do, where they should go etc:

Her mother suggested that she should go and see the doctor.

I suggest you call him first.

It has been suggested that the manager will resign if any more players are sold.

(4) advise: to tell someone what you think they should do, especially when you know more than they do about something :

Experts advise that sunscreen be reapplied every one to two hours.

(LDOCE, 词条request, suggest, advise)

61. Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause（原因状语）?

A. I got a job as soon as I left university.

B. As there was no answer, I wrote again.

C. You must do the exercises as I show you.

D. Wealthy as he is，Mark is not a happy man.

选【B】。

A.时间状语，“我大学一毕业，就找了一份工作”。

B. 原因状语，“既然答案不在了，我就再做一份”。

C. 方式状语，“你必须按我教你的那样完成作业”。

D. 让步状语，“尽管马克很富裕，但过得并不开心”。

62. Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverbial（状语）?

A. Are you sure of Simon's disappearance?

B. The man with a beard is talking to the manager.

C. Every precaution was taken against the failure of the plan.

D. Despite the rain，everyone enjoyed the trip.

选【D】。

A.作形容词的补语，“比尔失踪了，你确信吗？”。

B.作定语，“留着胡须的那个男人正在和经理谈话”。

C.作同位语，“采取了一切措施防止计划流产”。

D.作状语，“尽管天下着雨，大家旅途都玩的开心”。

63. A：Mother. you promised to take me out. B：Well_____

A. so I did!

B. so did I.

C. so I do!

D. so do I

选【A】。比较：

So do I/so is he/ so would Peter etc 表肯定，或把so换成neither/nor表否定，意思是“to add that what has been said is also true about someone or something else”,相当于too, 或to show that a negative statement is also true about another person or thing, 相当于either.

Joe was a little upset, and so was I.

He has been ill, and so has his wife.

As the demand rises, so do prices.

I don’t want to go. Nor/neither do I.

They couldn’t comprehend it at that time, and nor/neither could I.

Tom didn’t believe a word he said, and neither/nor did the police.

(LDOCE.2004:1568, 1001, 1116)

上面6句后半部分都用全部倒装，表示“也”或“也不”，但条件是：对比的主语不同（见划线部分）；助动词一致，只是第3句的人称和数上有差别（见黑体字部分）。

So she is/ so there are etc 主要用英国英语口语，表示你同意刚刚提到的事，尤其是你没有注意到或忘记的事。如

“Look! She’s wea ring a hat just like yours.” “So she is.” (LDOCE.2004:1568)

You asked me to leave, and so I did. [=and I did leave]

A: It's starting to snow. B: 'So it is!

A : You've spilled coffee on your dress. B: Oh dear, 'so I have.（注意对话时人称转换）

A : It's past midnight.

B : [looks at watch] 'So it is! （Quirk. 1985:882-883）这5句和上面6句的形式差别在于：指涉的主语是相同的，助动词一致。

综上所述，4个选项中CD不能选，因为助动词不一致，did和do; 主语相同，只能选A,不选B。

64. Which of the following prepositional phrases is an adverbial of concession（让步状语）?

A. They used the box for keeping treasures.

B. I stepped aside for her to get in first.

C. For all that he seems to dislike me，I still like him.

D. The parents bought a birthday cake for their son.

选【C】。

A.作目的状语，“他们用这个盒子来装财宝”。

B.作目的状语，“他走开是让她先进去”。

C.作让步状语，“尽管他似乎不喜欢我，我还是喜欢他”。

D.作间接宾语，后置，“这对父母给他们儿子买了一个生日蛋糕”。

65. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?

A. Poultry are very expensive in the city.

B. New machinery were introduced in the factory.

C. The police are investigating the murder case.

D. The militia were called out to rescue flood victims.

选【B】。

始终作复数的集合名词有police, people, militia, poultry, vermin等，谓语用复数；

始终作单数的集合名词有foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise, poetry, cutlery, clothing, weapony, luggage, clergy等，谓语用单数；

英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题及解析

2016年英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题 参考答案与解析 11. How can I concentrate if you _________ continually ______ me with silly questions? A. have… interrupted B. are… interrupted C. had… interrupting D. were… interrupting 选A。虽然我觉得更应该说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。不过这里用现在完成时表示的是一个动作发生过成为过去经历，有可能多次发生，也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不断重复到现在。 12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence ___ expresses the highest degree of possibility? A. It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem. B. It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem. C. It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem. D. It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem. 选D。四个里把握度最高的是should，其次是may，最后是might和could。 13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class. A. any boy B. the other boys C. other any girl D. all the girls 选A。主语是she，女的，所以不能选B。C的正确说法是any other girl。 14. Nobody heard him sing, ______? A. did one B. did he C. didn’t they D. did they 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）317页，nobody这种附加疑问句，书面语里用he。口语里偶见they。实际上，现代英语里为了避免有语言歧视（为什么只有he，没有she），很多人都避免只用he，而多改为they。 15. I can’t put up with ________. A. that friend of you B. that friend of yours C. the friend of you D. the friend of yours 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）57-58页，这种双重属格结构所修饰的名词可带a, any, some等表示非确定特指的限定词，但通常不带定冠词。比如a daughter of Mrs. Green’s, any/some daughters of Mrs/ Green’s。 16. There has been an increasing number of _______ in primary schools in the past few years. A. man teacher B. men teacher C. man teachers D. men teachers 选D。合成名词复数，man/woman这种，两种都要变成复数，比如women drivers。

英语四级语法题汇总

大学英语四级语法题大全 1、_____all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen. A.At B.In C.For D.On 2、____beforewe depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. A.Had they arrived B.Would they arrive C.Were they arriving D.Were they to arrive 3、____ conflict among city-states caused the eventual decline of Greek civilization. A.Continuous B.Continual C.Constant D.Contrary 4、____ he's already heard the news. A.Chances are B.Chance is C.Opportunities are D.Opportunity is 5、____ his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid. A.But for B.According to C.For all D.Thanks to 6、____ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity. A.As B.Whether C.While D.Now that

大学英语四级考试语法：—定语从句

大学英语四级考试语法：—定语从句 很多同学在大学英语四级考试中会存在一些误区，认为语法不那么重要，其实英 语语法是学习英语的指南，对我们帮助很大。以下是小编给大家整理的大学英语四级 考试语法：—定语从句，希望可以帮到大家 1、mary is a beautiful girl. 名词的扩展靠限定，最基本的就是在名词的前面增加一个形容词这样的定语，上 面的句子就是表语girl的前面加了一个形容词。显然，如果只是mary is a girl这样的 句子会让人觉得非常枯燥，没有什么意义，所传递的信息量极其有限。所以，名词前 面加定语，可以使被限定的名词更加生动，更加形象而富有生命。如果要对名词给出 更多限定，挖掘更多内部信息，我们可以在名词前面加多个定语来限定，如mary is a beautiful chinese girl. 放在名词前面起到限定作用的定语有很多种形式，形容词，名词，动词现在分词，动词过去分词等。虽然形式多样，但是这类定语还是比较好理解，只要顺着句子的顺序，就基本可以明白是怎么回事。 2、the computer that i bought yesterday works well. 有时候，我们需要对名词给出很多的说明，用大量的信息来限定名词。这时，如 果还是把长长的限定成分放在名词前面，就会头重脚轻，所以英语中会用跟在名词后 面的定语从句来限定前面的名词。根据定语的功能还可以分为限制性定语从句和非限 制性定语从句。两者的区别在于前者与被限定名词之间没有逗号，而后者则有逗号隔开;前者起到限定作用，不可或缺，后者起到补充作用，舍去后对剩余部分影响不大。 本句子通过“that i bought yesterday”这个that引导的定语从句，使得主语the computer得到限定而明确，是我昨天买的计算机而不是别的。如果明白了这个名词可 以通过后面加定语从句来扩展，我们的句子马上可以变得复杂起来，请看下例：another popular spectator sport, which is known as the sport of kings, is horse-racing, which is controlled by the jockey club. 译文：另一种以特大型运动著称的流行观赏运动是赛马，这种比赛由赛马总会控制。

大学英语四六级语法精讲课程讲义

A.从介词开始到其后跟的名词结束 B.从介词开始到动名词结束 C.从介词开始到动名词的宾语结束2018年12月大学英语四六级语法精讲课程讲义 一、识别句子成分必须记住的原理 1.衡量是否是一个句子的标准：是否有动词，有动词就是句子，反之不是句子。 2.英语构句原则规定：一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词 3.长难句的构成：主句、从句、介词短语、非谓语动词 （1）主句的辨识：谓语动词 （2）从句的辨识：连词+与之匹配的谓语动词 （3）介词短语： （4）非谓语动词：4.衡量长难句划分是否正确的标准：整个句子中谓语动词的个数比连词多一个 5.长难句划分方法：连动切割法 ·连动切割法：将句子中的所有连词和动词（连词、动词的排列不分先后）作为切割长难句的基 础，断开主句和从句。 ·长难句划分的具体步骤： 【第一步】断开主句和从句 通读整个句子找出所有的连词或动词，并将连词和动词匹配起来（主要是针对从句而 言，主句不存在连词，从句连词和动词的匹配遵守就近原则），然后再给动词匹配主 语（主句的主语在谓语之前找；从句的主语在连词和与之匹配的谓语动词中间找，如 果它们中间没有任何词语，那么连词本身就是这个从句的主语。） 动名词（doing ） 动词不定式（to do ） 现在分词（doing ） 过去分词（done ）

【第二步】断开介词短语和非谓语动词 二、总结复习句子的主要成分 1、主语 （1）定义：主语是动作的发出者。 （2）位置：在谓语动词之前。 （3）什么可以充当主语： 2、谓语 （1）定义：述说主语的动作或状态。 （2）位置：在主语之后。（3）什么可以充当谓语：实意动词。 3、宾语 （1）定义：（2）位置： （3）什么可以充当宾语：4、表语 （1）定义：表述主语的身份特征，性质状态的 （2）位置：在系动词之后 （3）什么可以充当表语： A.名词： B.代词： C.介词短语： D.非谓语动词： E.句子：A.动作的承受者B.介词所联系的对象，即介词宾语（简称介宾） A.名词： B.代词： C.介词短语： D.非谓语动词： E.句子： A.名词： B.代词： C.形容词 D.介词短语： E.非谓语动词： F.句子：A.在谓语动词之后B.在非谓语动词之后C.在介词之后

专业英语四级语法与词汇模拟题4

专业英语四级语法与词汇模拟题4 单项选择题 1. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish ______ proposals in the near future. A.their B.our C.his D.its 答案：D [解答] 考查代词的用法。 本句的主语是association，后跟which引导的定语从句，从句中的谓语动词为has pressed for。association是物不是人，因此代词应该用its，故选D。 2. Had Judy been more careful on the math exam, she ______ much better results now. A.would be getting B.could have got C.must get D.would get 答案：D [解答] 考查虚拟语气(错综时间条件句)。 从句是对过去事实的虚拟，省略了if，因此为倒装形式；主句是对现在(主句中有now)情况的虚拟，因此主句用would do结构，故选D。 3. Nine is to three ______ three is to one. A.when B.that C.which

答案：D [解答] 考查方式状语从句。 这道题考查固定句式：A is to B what C is to D。what在句中引导方式状语从句，表示“好比，正如”，故选D。 4. Men differ from animals ______ they can think and speak. A.for which B.for that C.in that D.in which 答案：C [解答] 考查原因状语从句。 in that意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句。for which和in which引导的是定语从句，for that不能引导从句。故C为正确答案。 5. ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. A.Much though B.Much as C.As much D.Though much 答案：B [解答] 考查让步状语从句。 much as意为“尽管”，相当于though，引导让步状语从句。as much意为“同样地”。A、D不是惯用搭配，故选B。 6. I enjoyed myself so much ______ I visited my friends in Paris last year.

英语四级名词语法题目

英语四级名词语法题目

一名词的种类 1According to the new tax law, any money earned over that level is taxed at the of 59 per cent. A.ratio B. percentage C. proportion D. Rate 【详解】答案为D，按照新的税收法，凡是收入超过邢个标准的都要按59%的税率征税。 名词词义和用法辨析题。rate“比率”通常用于at the rate of(按......的比率)，故D正确。ratio“比，比率”，多以具体数据体现两个关系平行的事物的数量之比，所涉及的两个比较项必须同时出现；percentage“百分比”，因后面已经出现百分数，可排除此项；“比例”，通常用于in proportion to（依照比例；和......相比）和in the proportion of (以......的比例） 2The police have offered a large for information leading to the robber’s arrest. A.award B. compensation C.prize D.reward 【详解】答案为D，警方已经开出了大额悬赏，希望有人能提供有助于抓获抢劫犯的消息。reward表示“酬劳、报酬、奖赏”一般指因为做了某件事或提供了某种服务而应得的报答或酬谢。在本中，reward表示给提供消息的人报酬或奖赏，符合题意，选D。award表

示“奖，奖品，奖金”；prize的含义与award非常相似，也表示因出众的表现而获得的“奖品，奖金”，经常与某次考试、竞赛相联系；compensation 表示“补偿，赔偿” 3Drive straight ahead，and then you will see a to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway. A.sign B. mark C.signal D.board 【详解】答案为A，直接向前开，然后你会看见一个路标指向上海一南京高速公路。sign“标记，记号，征兆”，尤指标准化的、复杂的或记号的形状本身带有指向意义的符号，还可指手势。在本甸用作“路标”这种标准化且带有形状含义的标记，符合题意。mark“标志，痕迹，记号”；signal“信号”，通常指特定情况下对有关人员发出的声音或行为；board“(供特殊用途的)木板”。 二名词单复数 4“Look! The police ________ here to keep order! Go away quickly,” one of them shouted. A. is coming B. comes C. are coming D. has come

2014年专业英语四级语法与词汇专项及答案解析(十六)

专业英语四级语法与词汇专项及答案解析(十六) 一、Grammar and Vocabulary（本大题30小题．每题1.0分，共30.0分。There are several sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two. ） 第1题 Which sentence of the following is correct? A. The climate here is cooler throughout the year than the rest of the country. B. The climate here is cooler throughout the year than in the rest of the country. C. The climate here is cooler throughout the year than at the rest of the country. D. The climate here is cooler throughout the year than other places of the country. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [考点] 考查比较状语从句。 本题考查比较状语从句，比较的是这里的气候与全国其他地区的气候，所以前后比较的成分应该一致，前面是地点状语here，所以后面也应是地点状语in the rest of the country。at一般用于修饰小的地点，故排除C。A选项中的the rest 和D选项中的other places为名词，不能单独作状语，故排除。故本题应该选B。 第2题 They came to inspect the house ______ buying it. A. in the event of B. with a view to C. with reference to D. on account of 【正确答案】：B

英语四级语法 虚拟语气

虚拟语气 一．一般虚拟条件句 (1) 与现在事实相反 ——If I were you, I wouldn’t worry. ——If I had the book at hand, I would read the passage to you. 那么，虚拟语气现在时的句型为： 从句：If + 主语＋动词过去式(be 变were) +… 主句：主语＋would (should ,could ,might ) + 动词原形＋… (2) 与过去事实相反 ——If you had gone to last night’s games, you would have met him. ——If the policeman had arrived earlier, he would have seen the accident. 那么，虚拟语气过去时的结构是： 从句：If＋主语＋过去完成时… 主句：主语＋should (或would,could,might) + 现在完成时… (3) 与将来事实相反 ——If he should come tomorrow, I would give him the dictionary he needs. ——If Mr. Li were to do the experiment tomorrow, he might read the instructions carefully.

那么虚拟语气将来时的句型是： 从句：If+主语＋should (或were to )+动词原形＋… 主句：同虚拟语气现在时的主句结构。 练习： 1.I f this report were more accurate, it __________ an invaluable document. A.were B.had been C.will be D.would be (D) 2.I _______ in trouble if the police had stopped me. A.were B.would have been C.would be D.had been (B) 3.W hat would you do if war _________ out. A.breaks B.could break C.had broken out D. were to break (D) 二、在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若有were, had, should，可省去if,将were, had, should提到主语前，形成倒装。例如： ——Should there be a meeting tomorrow, he would tell you.

英语四级词汇语法题

1. Would you mind ____ quiet for a moment? I'm trying ____ of form. A) keeping,to fill out B) keeping,filling outC) keep,to fill out D) to keep,to fill out 2. Mercury is different from other industrial metals ____ it is a liquid. A) because of B) whereas C) in that D) though 3. He made a hypothesis ____ the great storms on the sun create large amounts of electric energy. A) why B) whichC) when D) that 4. He had the ____ over other boys of having had very good preschool education. A) alternative B) advantage C) ability D) challenge 5. ____ went to the birthday party last night. A) Many friends of John B) Many John’s friends C) Many of John friends D) Many friends of John's 6. —"Are you tired?"—"No, not ____." A) in the least B) at the least C) so to speak D) at least 7. The notice says that no books in the reading room are allowed ____ out of it. A) to take B) take C) taking D) to be taken 8. ____ in the front row and ____ a pair of binoculars I saw everything clearly and beautifully. A) Seated,using B) Seating,using C) Seated,used D) Seating,used 9. ____ they want to the bar to enjoy a drink. A) No sooner had they got to know the news when B) Hardly they had got to know the news than C) No sooner had they got to know the news than D) Scarcely had they got to know the news than 10. At the beginning of a year, everybody ____ many plans for the comingdays. A) come up with B) come up to C) come through D) come round 答案与解析： 1.A安静一会儿好吗？我正在填表。习惯用法的考查。Would you mind doing something?（你介意做……吗？）。try to do something（努力或设法做……。） 2.C水银不同于其他的金属，因为它是液体。 A）because of因为、由于，后接名词。B）though而、却。C）in that因为，由于，后接从句。D）though尽管。 3.D他做了一个假想：太阳系一场巨大风暴能产生出大量电能。本题属同位语从句。that引导的从句做抽象名词hypothesis 的同位语。 4.B在接受良好的学前教育方面，他比其他的孩子有优势。习惯用法的考查。have the advantage over在……方面占优势。 A)alternative二者择一；C)ability能力；D)challenge挑战。 5.D昨晚约翰的很多朋友去参加了生日晚会。本句考查的是语法中名词的双重所有格：of + 名词’s ，此结构常用于表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。 6.A——“你累吗？”——“一点儿也不累。”习惯用法的考查。A)not in the least 一点儿也不；B)at (the) least至少；C)so to speak 可以这么说。 7.D告示上说阅览室的书不允许被带出去。本题考查动词的用法。动词allow后跟不定式做宾语。本题属于被动语态，故应用be allowed to be done。 8.A坐在前排，用望远镜我能清楚地看到所有的事物。本题考查分词的用法。seat一词的用法较为特殊，它的被动形式常表示主动的意义。 9.C他们一知道那个消息，就去酒吧喝酒庆祝。本题考查倒装。no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...,都表示“一……就……”。当no sooner或hardly/scarcely置于句首时，主谓要倒装。 10.A新年伊始，每个人都为将来制定了很多计划。动词词组的考查。A）come up with(提出、提供)。B)come to合计、

大学英语四级考试语法指导

大学英语四级考试语法指导 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气 一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。 一)、对现在情况的虚拟(与现在的事实相反)： 从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例： 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能) 3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能) 4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家) 5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)

现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂) 6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起) 二)、对过去情况的虚拟(和过去的事实相反)： 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例： 1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了) 2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. We wished he had spoken to us. (wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲) 4. I wish you had called earlier. (wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了) 5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner. (will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此)

(完整版)大学英语四级真题解析【2017年6月版】

大学英语四级真题解析【2017年6月版】 新东方在线四六级赵奇 亲爱的同学们，大家好，非常荣幸给大家讲解我们四级的真题，我是四级翻译的主讲老师。今年四级翻译依然延续了往年的方式，从2016年开始，考的主题基本是同质性的。2016年12月份考三篇文章关于红色、黄色、白色，今年的主题也是一样的，考的长江、珠江和黄河，我们可以预测以后的四级翻译都是统一题材下三个不同的主体，这样有利于考试的公平。 下面主要对今年的四级翻译真题进行解析，包括一些长短句的解析和难词的解析，最后我们把答案给大家呈现出来，大家可以看一下。我们四级翻译的解析讲两方面的内容，第一是真题总评，第二是对第一、二、三套真题的解析。 首先，真题总评 2017年4月份的真题总评是2016年12月份的延续。2016年是红色、白色和黄色，2017年是珠江、长江和黄河，范文字数提高到了110-120左右。难度和范文字数都增加了，难度高于2016年真题，2016年12月份真题是放水之年，今年是平稳的态势。 第三是和考试相关的内容，大家考四级翻译的时候应该注意什么？我们发现今年介词短语的形式做后置定语和做状语是大量考查的。时态方面也有大量的考查，有过去时和现在完成时，大家备考的时候要注意时态。我们发现今年有一个新的课程，主题词汇，四级翻译出题不是随便出的，是根据历史文化经济发展来出的，以往的重要性凸显的不是很明显，今年考试中大量考查主题词汇，我估计很多同学写长江、珠江和黄河都会写错，但单词错了也只是扣一次的分数。 其次，逐篇讲解真题 第一篇文章，很多同学看到珠江是蒙的状态，长江黄河不会说，珠怎么说？珍珠不知道怎么

写。同学们，加勒比海盗5里提到的船叫Black Pearl，pearl就是珍珠的意思，所以珠江就是Pearl River。有的人说不会写，你会写汉语拼音吗？后面可以加一个River就可以了。如果丢了river怎么办？这是单词写作的错误，不会影响整体翻译的大局，只扣一次的分数。或者写一次珠江，后面用it来替代，翻译的时候要灵活应用。 接着我们进行翻译里边的难词解析，这里边应该有四个比较把握不准的单词，第一是珠江流经广州市，流经用flow through，我写了flow accross可不可以？flow accross也是可以的。有同学说不会写flow，写了run也是可以的，还有同学说run也不会写，写go through 可以吗？这个是经历了什么事情，不是流经了，所以是不可以的。第二个单词是城市聚集区，urban agglomeration，这个词既不是四级也不是六级，我个人认为这个词有点超纲，有的同学不会写agglomeration，这没有什么实质影响，可以进行同义词或近义词替换。我们在翻译的时候有很多不认识的词语怎么办？可以使用它的同义词或近义词。聚集区不会说，可以用地区area替换，城市聚集区，不会写agglomeration，可以写成area。第三个单词是改革开放。不会写这个单词的同学要反思一下自己，但凡上过我们新东方课的同学知道，改革开放一定是讲过的。改革reform，开放opening up，改革开放就是the reform and opening up。制造中心是manufacturing center，很多同学不会写manufacturing，不会写就变成工业中心，因为制造肯定属于工业，制造中心翻译成industrial center也可以，依据同近词替换法，翻译主要忠于原文，制造中心翻译成工业中心industrial center也是可以的。 下面给大家解析一下两个比较复杂的句子。 第一个句子：珠江是河南一大河流，流经广州市，是中国第三场河流，仅次于长江和黄河。为什么把这句挑出来解析？大家发现这句非常奇特，在中国看来这句话没有任何问题，但是翻译成英文有三个逗号，这就犯了语法的错误。大家知道，英文一个句子有一个主谓结

英语专业四级语法汇总解析

英语专业四级语法汇总 语法回顾篇： 专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。 专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气 一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点） 考点1. 与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词用did (be用were)， 主句谓语动词would (should, could, might)+do； 考点2. 与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词用had done， 主句谓语动词用would(should, could, might)+ have done； 例如： 43. I _________the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyed C. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying KEY: C 49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there. A. weren’t B. hasn’t been C. hadn’t been D. wouldn’t KEY: C 考点3.与将来事实相反， 从句谓语动词用：did (should + do或were + to do)， 主句谓语动词用：would (should, could, might)+do。

英语四级语法之时态练习题

1) After searching for half an hour, she realized that her glasses ____ on the table all the time. A) were lain B) had been lain C) are lying D)had been lying 2) By the time you get to Beijing tomorrow, I ____ for Shanghai. A) shall have left B) will leave C) am leaving D)have already left 3) I bought a new house last year, but I ____ my old house yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A) didn't sell B) have not sold C) had not sold D) don't sell 4) Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they ____ better health. A) could have enjoyed B) have enjoyed C) have been enjoyed D)are enjoying 5) I decided to go to the library as soon as I ____ . A) finish what I did B) finished what I did C) finished what I was doing D) would finish what I was doing 6) Julia hadn't reached the restaurant when Jim ____ there. A)got B) has got C) had got D) had been 7) Even though they ____ for twenty years, the two neighbors are not on good terms. A) have been lived side by side B) had been living side by side C) have been side by side living D) have been living side by side 8) When the final grades were posted, Max ____ that he had passed the physics exam after all. A) discovers B) discovered C) had discovered D) has discovered 9) I ____ you the book as soon as possible, I promise you. A) would send B) will send C) sent D) send 10) We ____ down when she ____ plates of food for us. A) had hardly sat, had bought B) hardly sat, bought C) hardly sat, had bought D) had hardly sat, bought

大学英语四级常考语法总结

大学英语四级常考语法总结 一、虚拟语气。应着重复习能引起虚拟语气的某些介词、介词短语和连词(如lest, in case, otherwise等);一部分表示建议、主张、命令等概念的词语，由于本身隐含说话人的主观愿望，其后的主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句往往采用“should+动词原形”;虚拟倒装句;在would rather, wish, as if, it’s time that等句型中使用适当形式表达主观愿望;混合虚拟句。 二、独立主格题。一般说来，在句子中没有连接词的情况下，逗号是无力连接两个句子的，其中一个分句要么是非谓语形式，要么是独立主格结构。两种结构都做状语，不同的是独立主格结构有自己的逻辑主语。 三、时态。英语中共有16个时态。四级考试中出现最多的是将来完成时、现在完成时、过去完成时和完成进行时。 四、名词性从句。形容词性的定语从句是考核的重点，用什么引导词，引导词前面的介词形式，引导词在从句中做什么成分，从句的语序等均有可能成为考点。此外，主语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句也应适当复习。 五、主谓一致。这类考题灵活性大，需要根据实际情况判断谓语动词的单复数形式。一部分具有生命意义的集合名词做主语时谓语动词多采用复数形式，如people, poultry, militia等;用and连接的成分表单一概念时谓语动词用单数;就近原则：主语中含有某些连词(如as well as, besides, in addition to等)时，谓语动词的数同第一个主语保持一致。

六、倒装结构。分为全部倒装和部分倒装。那些否定词(组)、介词短语能引起倒装句，部分倒装和全部倒装有和区别，as在倒装结构中的用法及意义等等，都是考生应当重视的地方。 七、非谓语动词。①根据非谓语动词同其所修饰的名词或逻辑主语的一致关系，确定使用主动语态或被动语态，然后考虑采用现在分词、现在分词被动式或过去分词;②非谓语动词同主句谓语动词动作发生的先后关系。动作正在进行的用现在分词进行式，同时发生或不分先后发生的用现在现在分词一般式或过去分词;在主句谓语动词之前发生的用现在分词完成式、不定式完成式;发生在主句谓语动词之后的多用不定式一般式;③表状态多用分词，表目的多用不定式。

推荐-大学英语四级语法精要

大学英语四级语法精要 Ⅰ动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等) 1.时态 1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到 现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束. I’ve been writing letters for an hour. I’ve been sitting in the garden. 2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 I’d been working for some time when he called. We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came. 3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作. By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years. In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years. 4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发生的事. I shall have finished this one before lunch. They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October. 2.语态 1)可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如: He was said to be jealous of her success. It was said that he was jealous of her success. 能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等. It is supposed that the ship has been sunk. The ship is supposed to have been sunk. 担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如: Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制) 2)双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态 a)双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语. He was asked a number of questions at the press conference. Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations. b)宾补结构的被动语态: