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高中英语第1部分必修5-Unit 1知能演练轻松闯关

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．When ____________(expose) to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling nervous or anxious.

答案：exposed

2．—What happened to him?

—He ____________ (suspect) of stealing the ring at the party last night, and the police were looking into the matter.

答案：was suspected

3．Professor Wang said the reason of short-sightedness is complicated and there is still no cure ____________ it.

答案：for

4．I wonder why Ann didn’t get ____________(offer) the job. She is the right person for it.

答案：offered

5．The army was well-trained and well-armed, and had little difficulty ____________(defeat) the enemy.

答案：defeating

6．The ____________(construct) work of the theatre is supposed to be completed within the year.

答案：construction

7．____________(absorb) in his writing, the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.

答案：Absorbed

8．Always read the ____________(instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.

答案：instructions

9．They didn’t draw a conclusion until carrying out lots of ____________(science) experiments.

答案：scientific

10．—Will you be able to receive the guests from Germany?

—I am afraid not.I ____________(attend) an important meeting the n.

答案：will be attending

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2016·山东潍坊一模)Shake Shack is a new kind of restaurant becoming more popular in the US.The restaurants are not “fast food”．They are known as “fast casual”．

Observers say Americans want more choices and fresh food when choosing where and what to eat.This trend is one reason why the fast food restaurant McDonald’s has struggled financially.In the last quarter of 2014, McDonald’s net income dropped by about$300 millio n.The January earnings report brought more bad news.Worldwide sales dropped for the eighth month in a row and even more than expected.While McDonald’s is struggling to get their customers back, Shake Shack is doing well in making money.The New York-based burger chain had a very successful IPO, or Initial Public Offerings, of shares at the end of January.On its first day of trading, Shake Shack went from $21 a share to just under $46 a share.Being part of the “fast casual” trend has helped Shake Shack.Other fast casual restaurants in the US include Chipotle and Panera Bread.

Bonnie Riggs, a restaurant expert with NPD has studied Americans’ restaurant habits for almost 30 years.She says one reason why Americans like fast casual food is that it’s new.It is creative, and it is something different and people like to try new things.Her study shows Americans made 61 billion visits to restaurants last year.Three out of four visits were to fast food restaurants, like McDonald’s.The fast casual trend is still a small percentage of restaurant visits, but it has developed fast.Just as Ms.Riggs says, “It’s growing by leaps and bounds, because they meet consumers’ needs.They know it’s being prepared while they are waiting; it’s fresh, quality, good tasting food at what they say are reasonable and affordable prices.”

Many Americans still like their fast food.They just are not going as ofte n.They are finding other ways to have a meal.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要对美国餐饮业的新宠儿fast casual food进行了介绍。

1．What is the trouble with McDonald’s?

A．Its share goes down to $21.

B．Shake Shack has taken its place.

C．It’s not popular with Americans.

D．Its sales and income have dropped.

D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第三至第五句可知，麦当劳的困境是其销售和收入下滑，即D项正确。

2．We can learn from Bonnie Riggs that Americans________.

A．like to try something new

B．care only about the quality

C．don’t like fast food any more

D．pay more visits to fast casual restaurants

A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第二、三两句可知，Bonnie Riggs认为美国人喜欢尝试新事物，即A项正确。

3．What does the underlined phrase “by leaps and bounds” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Steadily.B．Rapidly.

C．Slowly. D．Normally.

B解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的第六句“The fast casual trend is still a small percentage of restaurant visits, but it has developed fast.”可知，此处by leaps and bounds意为“非常迅速地”，即B项正确。

4．Which of the following best describes fast casual food?

A．Fresh-made and tasty.

B．High-quality and expensive.

C．Farm-to-table and traditional.

D．Time-consuming and special.

A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“They know it’s being prepared while they are waiting; it’s fresh, quality, good tasting food at what they say are reasonable and affordable prices.”可知，fast casual food新鲜、优质、美味且价位合理，即A项正确。

Ⅲ.完形填空

(2016·沈阳质量监测)It had been a nice and sunny day.I stepped slowly towards the edge of the cliff and looked out.The __1__ was wonderful.I could __2__ the gentle wind coming from the coast while watching the brilliant sunset.

My dad and I used to enjoy the sunset together on that very__3__.We would also watch the waves crash into the __4__ below.My mother would always annoy us how __5__ it was.I was never worried, __6__ I always felt safe next to my father, who spent most of his life out __7__ in his boat.

I remember one time on his boat I had __8__ off the back and into the cold water accidentally.My dad immediately jumped off to __9__ me.I would never forget that day, and from that point I knew __10__ would prevent my dad protecting me if I was in danger.

As I __11__ there on top of the cliff, I remembered the time I spent with my dad.I looked down sorrowfully at the urn (骨灰瓮) __12__.My father was my rock, someone I could __13__ when I needed him most.But now he was gone, and I felt sorrowful and __14__.

It had always been my father’s last __15__ to have his ashes scattered at sea.I

__16__ the urn, said a __17__ farewell (告别), and then slowly twisted off the lid.The wind started to change __18__，blowing out towards the sea.I looked last time down at my father’s ashes and then __19__ for a moment.Finally, I scattered the contents over the cliff.

I wiped away tears, but it was perfect happiness rather than sadness, because I finally knew the man who __20__ so much to me, my father, was finally at peace.

【解题导语】本文通过回忆和父亲在生活中的点点滴滴来表达“我”对父亲的怀念。

1.A．journey B．condition

C．view D．food

C解析：根据上一句“I stepped slowly towards the edge of the cliff and looked out.”和下一句中的“the brilliant sunset”可知，作者看到的是风景，故view“风景”符合语境。journey意为“旅程”；condition意为“条件”；food意为“食物”。

2.A．see B．feel

C．hear D．smell

B解析：“我”能感受到温和的海风。see意为“看到”；feel意为“感受到”；hear 意为“听见”；smell意为“闻到”。根据语境可知，B项正确。

3.A．spot B．river

C．field D．moment

A解析：“我”和父亲以前经常一起在那个地方欣赏日落。spot意为“地点”；river 意为“河流”；field意为“田地”；moment意为“时刻”。根据语境可知，A项正确。

4.A．wind B．rubbish

C．walls D．rocks

D解析：我们会看到海浪冲击下面的岩石，故rock“岩石”符合语境。

5.A．embarrassing B．interesting

C．beautiful D．dangerous

D解析：母亲总是会生我们的气，(因为)那样看日落太危险了。故dangerous“危险的”符合语境。embarrassing意为“令人尴尬的”；interesting意为“有趣的”；beautiful 意为“美丽的”。

6.A．because B．when

C．if D．though

A解析：“我”从不担心，因为当“我”在父亲身边的时候，总是感觉很安全。根据语境可知，此处需用because引导原因状语从句。

7.A．at peace B．at rest

C．at sunset D．at sea

D解析：“我”父亲的大部分时间是在海上他的船上度过的。at peace意为“处于和平状态”；at rest意为“安息，静止的”；at sunset意为“日落时”；at sea意为“在海上”。根据语境可知，D项正确。

8.A．jumped B．fallen

C．dived D．swam

B解析：根据下文提到的父亲跳进海里救“我”可判断，“我”掉进海里了，故fall“落下，掉下”符合语境。jump意为“跳”；dive意为“跳水”；swim意为“游泳”。

9.A．comfort B．search

C．rescue D．follow

C解析：父亲马上跳下船去救“我”。comfort意为“安慰”；search意为“搜寻”；rescue意为“营救”；follow意为“跟随”。根据语境可知，C项正确。

10.A．everything B．something

C．nothing D．anything

C解析：从那时起，“我”认识到，如果自己遇到危险，没有任何东西能阻止父亲去保护“我”。everything意为“一切”；something意为“某事”；nothing意为“没有任何东西”；anything意为“任何事物”。根据语境可知，C项正确。

11.A．stood B．lay

C．hanged D．slept

A解析：当“我”站在悬崖的顶端。stand意为“站立”；lie意为“躺，撒谎”；hang意为“悬挂”；sleep意为“睡觉”。根据语境可知，A项正确。

12.A．under my arm B．in my hand

C．on my shoulder D．around my neck

B解析：“我”很悲痛地看着手里的骨灰瓮。故in my hand“在我的手里”符合语境。under my arm意为“在我的胳膊下”；on my shoulder意为“在我的肩膀上”；around my neck意为“在我的脖子上”。

13.A．care for B．learn from

C．depend on D．turn down

C解析：当“我”非常需要他时，父亲是“我”可依靠的人。care for 意为“照看”；learn from意为“从……学到”；depend on意为“依靠，信赖”；turn down意为“拒绝；关小”。根据语境可知，C项正确。

14.A．fearlessB．hopeless

C．careless D．shameless

B解析：但是现在他已离“我”而去，“我”感到悲伤和绝望。fearless意为“无畏的”；hopeless意为“绝望的”；careless意为“粗心的”；shameless意为“无耻的”。

根据语境可知，B项正确。

15.A．chance B．behaviour

C．ambition D．wish

D解析：将骨灰洒在大海一直以来都是“我”父亲的遗愿。chance意为“机会”；behaviour意为“行为”；ambition意为“雄心”；wish意为“愿望”。根据语境可知，D项正确。

16.A．looked back on B．looked out for

C．looked down at D．looked up to

C解析：“我”向下看了看手里的骨灰瓮，默默地向它告别，然后慢慢打开盖子。look back on意为“回顾”；look out for意为“留心”；look down at意为“向下看”；look up to意为“尊敬”。根据语境可知，C项正确。根据本段中的“I looked last time down at my father’s ashes”也可得出答案。

17.A．silent B．shocking

C．sudden D．strange

A解析：参见上题解析，silent“默默的”。

18.A．speed B．distance

C．force D．direction

D解析：海风开始改变方向，direction“方向”符合语境。speed意为“速度”；distance意为“距离”；force意为“武力”。

19.A．screamed B．hesitated

C．laughed D．complained

B解析：“我”犹豫了一会儿，故hesitate“犹豫”符合语境。scream 意为“尖叫”；laugh意为“笑”；complain意为“抱怨”。

20.A．helped B．meant

C．owed D．did

B解析：因为“我”最终意识到这个对“我”非常重要的人，“我”的父亲，终于得到了平静。故mean sth.to sb.“对某人有价值或重要”符合语境。help意为“帮助”；owe意为“将……归功于”；do意为“做”。

Ⅳ.语法填空

(2016·青岛统一质量检测)Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, 1.____________(destroy) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged 2.____________their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or roofs. One person was killed, several were 3.____________(serious) hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.

A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early 4.____________ the morning and lasted for over an hour.

“I 5.____________(eat) with my wife and children, ” he said, “when we heard a loud noise.

A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.We tried our best 6.____________(climb) out but then I saw that one of my children was 7.____________(miss). I went back inside and found him, safe 8.____________ very frightened.”

Mrs.Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she 9.____________(feel) that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her childre n.

Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department brought 10.____________(they) food, clothes and shelter.

【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了一场暴风雨对当地造成的破坏。

1．destroying解析：分析句子结构可知，destroy在句中是非谓语动词，作结果状语，与句子主语“a storm”是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填destroying。

2．that解析：根据句意可知，本句是由“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句。故填that。

3．seriously解析：空格处在句中修饰动词“hurt”，应用副词形式。故填seriously。

4．in解析：此处意为“在早上”，in the morning为固定短语。故填in。

5．was eating解析：根据上段可知，此处表示暴风雨发生时，Tan先生一家正在吃饭，应用过去进行时。故填was eating。

6．to climb解析：try one’s best to do sth. 是固定短语，意为“尽力做某事”。故填to climb。

7．missing解析：根据句意可知，空格处在句中作表语，意为“找不到的，不见了”。故填missing。

8．but解析：“safe”和“frightened”都是形容词，但意思相反。故填连词but表示转折。

9．felt解析：根据主句中的谓语动词“had just left”可知，空格处应用一般过去时的主动形式。故填felt。

10．them解析：bring sb. sth.是固定用法，意为“给某人送来……”。故此处用they 的宾格them。

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