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4单元语法小专题 (打印版)

4单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

语法精讲

形容词、副词的最高级

1．定义：形容词、副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比较，意为“最……”。

2．形容词、副词最高级的标志词：

(1)形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the；副词最高级前面的the可以省略。如：

Kate is the most hard－working student in our school.凯特是我们学校最勤奋的学生。

【注意】形容词最高级前面若有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等修饰时，不用定冠词the。如：

Bob is Mr.Green's youngest son.鲍勃是格林先生最小的儿子。

形容词最高级前若有序数词限定时，the应放在序数词之前。如：

She is the third shortest students in Class Two.她是二班个子第三矮的学生。

(2)形容词、副词最高级常与介词in或of引导的短语连用，与in连用意为“在……内”，表示“在某范围内”，不一定是同类；与of连用表示“属性”，介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一类人或物，意为“在某同类中”。如：He is the oldest dentist in the hospital.他是这所医院中年龄最大的牙医。

He is the oldest of all the dentists.他是所有牙医中年龄最大的。

3．含形容词、副词最高级的句式：

形容词、副词最高级的基本结构：主语＋谓语＋the＋形容词或副词最高级＋比较范围。形容词和副词最高级常出现在以下句型中：

(1)Who/Which…，A，B or C？在选择疑问句中，如果有三者或三者以上供选择，且有or连接时，要用形容词或副词最高级。如：

Which is the biggest，the earth，the sun or the moon？地球、太阳和月亮，哪个最大？

(2)one of the＋形容词/副词最高级＋复数名词，表示在众多当中“最……之一的……”。如：

Xi'an is one of the oldest cities in China.西安是中国最古老的城市之一。

4．形容词和副词最高级的意义也可以用比较级形式表达。常见的有：

(1)形容词/副词比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词。如：

Jack gets up earlier than any other student in our class.杰克在我们班起得最早。

(2)形容词/副词比较级＋than＋the other＋复数名词。如：

Linda is quieter than the other girls in her class.琳达是她班上最安静的女孩。

语法精练

Ⅰ.用括号内所给形容词或副词的适当形式填空。

1．I have many foreign friends. Vera is ________ (outgoing) one of them.

2．Who does homework________(carefully) in your class?

3．Who do you think is ________(funny)，Mr.Smith，Mr. Black or Mr. White?

4．The school has ________ (little) students in Kunming. There are only 43 students in the school.

5．Anna plays the piano ________(well) than Susan. And Sally plays it the ________(well)．

6．Yang Hao and his twin brother look the same，but Yang Hao is ________ (heavy)．

7．Last Sunday Linda sang ________ (beautifully) and won the singing competition.

8．He is one of the ________(friendly) people in shopping center.

9．The watch is very nice. And it is ________(expensive) one of all.

10．We know China has ________ (many) people in the world.

Ⅱ.把下列句子改为同义句，每空一词。

11．My ruler is shorter than Jim's. Jim's ruler is ________ ________ mine.

12．Mike doesn't do as well as Tom. Mike ________ ________ than Tom.

13．Bill is the tallest boy in his class. Bill is ________ than ________ ________ boy in his class.

14．Eliza was born in 1990.Li Fei was born in 1990, too.

Eliza is ________ ________ ________ Li Fei.

15．This question is easier than that one. This question isn't ________ ________ ________ that one.

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具体名词concret noun 物质名词 mat erial noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词 preposition 连词 conjunction 动词 verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词 modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinit e verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 静态动词st ate verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective

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英语专四词汇和语法专项练习(1)附答案 (Grammar & V ocabulary) 1. _____ all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen. A. At B. In C. For D. On 2. ____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. A. Had they arrived B. Would they arrive C. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive 3. ____ conflict among city-states caused the eventual decline of Greek civilization. A. Continuous B. Continual C. Constant D. Contrary 4. ____ he's already heard the news. A. Chances are B. Chance is C. Opportunities are D. Opportunity is 5.____ his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid. A. But for B. According to C. For all D. Thanks to 6. ____ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity. A. As B. Whether C. While D. Now that 7. ____ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South. A. To be free B. To free C. Freeing