教育最新K122019高考英语一轮基础梳理与练习 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note(含解析)新人教版必修3

Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note

李仕才

【短文语法填空】

Body and Food

Our body, which has close relations with the food that we eat 1 our daily life, is the most important thing that we own, so our body 2 (need) proper treatment and proper nourishment (营养).

The old saying ＂An apple a day keeps the doctor away＂ is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit 3 vegetables, such as apples, pears, banana, carrots and cabbages, because they contain vitamin C, 4 is very necessary and important to us all. It’s clear that a lack of vitamin C can make people ill and weak easily.

In order to get enough needed vitamins, many people take extra vitamins in pill form, 5 (believe) that these will make them 6 (health). But a good diet is made up of nourishing f ood and this gives all the vitamins that we need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?

Nowadays many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their 7 (stomach), eating something carelessly and 8 (hurried). The list of illnesses 9 (cause)or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening. It is high time we should realize the importance of having a good diet. If not, it is impossible for 10 (we) to keep fit and strong.

【文章大意】健康的饮食对我们的健康有很大的好处，所以我们一定要注意自己的饮食习惯。

1.in

【解析】考查介词。in our daily life在我们的日常生活中。

2.needs

【解析】考查谓语动词。本处谈常态的事情，应用一般现在时；结合主语our body应用单数第三人称形式。

3.and

【解析】考查并列连词。我们的身体需要水果和蔬菜。and和，连接两个并列成分。

4.which

5.beliening

【解析】考查非谓语动词。本处分词作伴随状语，believe与句子主语many people之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。

6.healthy

【解析】考查形容词。make them healthy使他们健康；形容词作宾补。

7. stomachs

【解析】考查名词复数。＂他们的胃＂，应用名词复数形式。

8. hurriedly

【解析】考查副词。本处与carelessly并列，修饰前面的动词eating。

9. caused

【解析】考查非谓语动词。 (cause)or made worse by bad eating habits作名词illness 的定语；由于cause与被修饰的名词illnesses之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8b5974036.html,

【解析】＂对于我们来说＂，介词for后加人称代词的宾格形式。

一．高考单词→识记·思考·运用

1．核心词汇

①scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色

②stare vi.凝视；盯着看

③seek vt.&vi.探索；寻求

④spot n．斑点；污点；地点vt.发现；认出

⑤account vt.&vi.认为；说明；总计有n.说明；理由；计算；账目

⑥contrary n．反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的

⑦permit vt.&vi.许可；允许n.通行证；执照 permission n．允许；准许

⑧patience n．耐性；忍耐 patient adj.有耐心的

2．常考词汇

①manner n．礼貌；举止；方式

②author n．作家；著者

③wander vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊

④fault n．缺点；过错；故障

⑤scream n．尖叫声；喊叫声_

vi.尖声叫

⑥novel n．小说；长篇故事

adj.新奇的；异常的

⑦adventure n．奇遇；冒险

v．冒险；adventurous adj.冒险的

⑧unbelievable adj.难以置信的

believable adj.可信的

believe v．相信；信任

belief n．信念；信仰

⑨rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的

rudeness n．粗鲁

用所给单词的适当形式填空

1．Taking (take) all the activities into account，I hope you can consider the invitation.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)

2．It was a scene (scene) that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year history.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)

3．During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders (wander) about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks.(2017·天津卷)

4．Years ago，I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors (author)．(2016·天津卷)

5．Your lives are busy enough doing homework，making friends，seeking (seek) after your dreams.(2016·四川卷)

6．My husband loves adventurous (adventure) life while I enjoy a more peaceful life.

7．I must offer him an apology for my rudeness (rude) last night.

8．He is the most believable (believe) person，but on the other hand，how unbelievable (believe) it is that he should believe in the liar.

?“真正，确实”家族

①indeed adv.真正地，确实，实在

②real adj.真实的，现实的；

really adv.真正地；确实地；

reality n. 现实，真实的食物

③true adj.真实的，真正的；

truly adv.真正地，如实地

④genuine adj.真的，真诚的

⑤sincere adj.(指感情或行为)真实的；诚挚的；

sincerely adv.真心实意地；

sincerity n．真挚

?“过失”与“冲突”相关词一览

①fault n．过错

②argument n．争吵；争论

③blame n．(对错误或坏事应负的)责任

④conflict n．冲突

⑤collision n．碰撞；冲突

?聚焦“允许”与“禁止”

①allow vt.允许

②permit v．&n.允许；许可证

③permission n．允许；许可

④admit v．允许进入

⑤admission n．准许进入

⑥forbid vt.禁止

⑦prohibit vt.禁止

⑧ban vt.&n.禁止；禁令

【完形填空】

My daughter(now 18)was born with a hemangioma tumor(血管瘤)by her eye.At first it was small, and hardly __1__.After five months，it became the __2__ of a coin.__3__ I took her out，people could not __4__ their comments to themselves.“Who hit her？”，“Is that a bug bite？” I never could think of a(n) __5__ response for these people.I was __6__ to be kind and understanding，and assumed that other people had also been taught these __7__.One day I was at the __8__，with my 3-year-old son，my daughter，

and at this time pregnant with my third child.A woman __9__ me，I thought here we go __10__.

She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to __11__ him，as he left her with a __12__.She went on to say that __13__ with these kisses were always surrounded by angels.I was astonished.What a __14__，more loving approach to someone with a problem!

My daughter will __15__ this year from High School.She is beautiful.Her early years were spent in and out of __16__.Finally the tumor was removed，because it __17__ her vision.It is not noticeable __18__ in the bright sun.She spent this year as the dance scholar f or our school.She danced for 4 years on our dance-drill team.She had __19__ many scholarships.Her life is wonderful.The woman in the mall made me a better parent.Perhaps，this __20__ will help make someone else a better parent，too.

1．A.noticeable B．bearable

C．recognized D．accepted

2．A.colour B．weight

C．size D．width

3．A.One day B．Every time

C．Later D．Recently

4．A.make B．help

C．tell D．hold

5．A.exact B．appropriate

C．rude D．practical

6．A.learned B．brought

C．considered D．taught

7．A.qualities B．principles

C．questions D．opinions

8．A.party B．office

C．mall D．meeting

9．A.approached B．saw

C．appreciated D．called

10．A.now B．later

C．again D．quickly

11．A.understand B．leave

C．hate D．remember

12．A.scar B．kiss

C．mark D．sign

13．A.mothers B．gods

C．faces D．babies

14．A.stranger B．cleverer

C．kinder D．happier

15．A.develop B．succeed

C．graduate D．improve

16．A.hospitals B．schools

C．illness D．sight

17．A.blocked B．stopped

C．injured D．deepened

18．A.despite B．except

C．although D．because

19．A.given B．proved

C．left D．received

20．A.lesson B．story

C．adventure D．tumor

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一个陌生人的暖心话语使作者在女儿的问题上成为了更好的家长，她希望这个故事能够使其他的父母也成为更好的家长。

1．A 考查形容词辨析。根据前面的“At first it was small”可知，此处应指血管瘤刚开始很小，几乎不能被注意到。A项意为“明显的”，符合语境。B项意为“可忍受的”；C项意为“公认的，经过验证的”；D项意为“可接受的”，均与语境不符。故选A项。

2．C 考查名词辨析。上文提到，刚开始，血管瘤很小，几乎不能被注意到；由“After five months”可知，此处与上文形成对比，指五个月后，血管瘤长到硬币那样大。C项意为“大小，尺寸”，符合语境。A项意为“颜色”；B项意为“重量”；D项意为“宽度”，均与语境不符。故选C项。

3．B 考查状语从句。根据语境可知，此处指每次“我”带她出去玩的时候；分析句子结构可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，every time意为“每当……的时候”，可引导时间状语从句，符合题意，而其他三项无此用法。故选B项。

4．D 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指人们看到“我”的女儿总是无法停下他们的评论。D项意为“停下”，符合语境。故选D项。

5．B 考查形容词辨析。由语境可知，此处指“我”从没想出一个适当的回应给这些人。B项意为“适当的”，符合语境。A项意为“精确的”；C项意为“粗鲁的”；D项意为“实

用的”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

6．D 考查动词辨析。根据下文“assumed that other people had also been taught these”中的“taught”可知，“我”被教导要善良，要体谅别人，所以“我”认为其他人也被这样教导。故选D项。

7．A 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“kind and understanding”可知，此处指他们也被教导这样的品质。A项意为“品质”，符合语境。B项意为“原则”；C项意为“问题”；D项意为“观点”，均与语境不符。故选A项。

8．C 考查名词辨析。根据最后一段倒数第二句“The woman i n the mall made me a better parent.”中的“mall”可知，此处指一天怀孕的“我”带着女儿和3岁的儿子在商场买东西。故选C项。

9．A 考查动词辨析。根据下文可知，此处指有一个女人向“我”走来。A项意为“靠近”，符合语境。B项意为“看见”；C项意为“欣赏，感激”；D项意为“给……打电话”，均与语境不符。故选A项。

10．C 考查副词辨析。根据上文人们看见“我”的女儿就会进行评论可知，此处指“我”想在这里“我们”会再次遭遇同样的经历。故选C项。

11．B 考查动词辨析。根据下文内容可知，此处指那个女人说，上帝一定是不想让“我”的女儿离开他。B项意为“离开”，符合语境。A项意为“理解”；C项意为“憎恨”；D

项意为“记得”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

12．B 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“with these kisses were always surrounded by angels”可知，此处指上帝在“我”女儿的脸上留下了一个吻。B项意为“吻”，符合语境。A项意为“疤痕”；C项意为“标记”；D项意为“迹象”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

13．D 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指有这样吻痕的孩子会永远被天使围绕着。故选D项。

14．C 考查形容词辨析。根据“more loving”可知，此处指这与那些总是进行评论的人相比是更友善、更有爱意的方式。C项意为“更友善的”，符合语境。A项意为“更奇怪的”；B项意为“更聪明的”；D项意为“更快乐的”，均与语境不符。故选C项。

15．C 考查动词辨析。根据“from High School”可知，此处指“我”的女儿今年会高中毕业。C项意为“毕业”，符合语境。A项意为“发展”；B项意为“成功”；D项意为“改善”，均与语境不符。故选C项。

16．A 考查名词辨析。根据上文内容可知，作者的女儿患有血管瘤；由此可推知，为了看病，女儿早些年一定是进进出出于医院。故选A项。

17．A 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“Finally the tumor was removed”可知，最后，血管瘤被摘除了，因为它阻碍了她的视力。A项意为“阻碍”，符合语境。B项意为“停止”；C项意为“伤害”；D项意为“加深”，均与语境不符。故选A项。

18．B 考查词义辨析。根据语境可知，此处指现在，如果不是在明亮的阳光下，她那小小的伤疤一点也不明显。B项意为“除了”，符合语境。A项意为“不管”；C项意为“尽管”；D项意为“因为”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

19．D 考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“many scholarships”可知，此处指女儿得到了许多奖学金。D项意为“收到，拿到”，符合语境。A项意为“给”；B项意为“证明”；C 项意为“离开”，均与语境不符。故选D项。

20．B 考查名词辨析。纵观全文可知，本文作者叙述的是一个关于自己和女儿的故事。故此处表示，那个在商场里遇到的女人让“我”成为一个称职的家长。或许，这个故事也能够使其他人成为更好的家长。B项意为“故事”，符合语境。A项意为“课，教训”；C项意为“冒险经历”；D项意为“肿瘤”，均与语境不符。故选B项。

长难句分析：She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to leave him, as he left her with a kiss.(第二段第一句)

分析：本句是复合句。that引导宾语从句，作said的宾语；must not have done表示对过去事实的否定推测，意为“一定不……”；as引导原因状语从句。

译文：她说上帝一定是舍不得让我的女儿离开他，因为他留给了她一个吻。

词汇积累：tumor n．瘤pregnant adj.怀孕的

vision n．视力，视线scholarship n．奖学金

二．重点短语→识记·思考·运用

1．动词＋介词/副词

①bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出

②go ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说

③stare _at盯着看；凝视

④account for 是……的原因；解释

2．介词＋名词

①by _accident偶然；无意中；不小心

②on the contrary与此相反；正相反

③in _rags衣衫褴褛

3．其他形式

①make a bet 打赌

②take_ a chance冒险

③as_ for关于；至于

④find fault with 吹毛求疵；找毛病

用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空

1．The application of new technologies and the wide appeal of movie stars could also account_for the increase.(2017·江苏卷)

2．As_for the working environment，Tanis prefers working by herself.(2016·北京卷)

3．But it was quite by_accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.(2013·天津卷)

4．It doesn’t seem ugly to me；on_the_contrary,_I think it’s rather beautiful.

5．I know it’s dangerous to go there without a map，but I’ll take_a_chance.

?“动词＋at”短语荟萃

①glare at 怒目而视

②stare at 注视着

③glance at 朝……看了一眼

④laugh at 嘲笑

⑤arrive at 到达

⑥work at 努力于

?“take a(n)＋n. ”一览

①take a chance 冒险一试

②take a break 休息一下

③take a seat 就坐

④take a shower 沐浴，洗澡

⑤take an exam 参加考试

⑥take an example 举例，示范

?“v.＋for”高频短语聚焦

①account for 解释；占(比例)

②apply for 申请

③call for 要求；需要

④care for 喜欢

⑤answer for 负责

⑥arrange for 安排

⑦leave for 出发去

⑧hope for 希望；期望

三．佳句选粹——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通

【短文改错】

It is clear shown that many middle school students have physical and mental problems.68% of the students surveying have studying anxiety as well as poor eyesight too.And a larger percentage lacks sleep. 52% are short of physical exercise.42% of the students won't obey our parents or teachers.Personally，I think we student should balance our physical exercise and studies.Without sound body，one can't achieve

anything.However ，too much attention has been paid only on studies.As a result ，I suggest we are given less homework or more time for out -of -classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.

【答案】

It is clear

clearly shown that many middle school students have physical and mental

problems.68% of the students surveying

surveyed have studying anxiety as well as poor eyesight

﹨

too.And a larger percentage lacks

lack

sleep. 52% are short of physical exercise.42% of the students won't obey our their parents or teachers.Personally ，I think we student

students

should balance our physical exercise and studies.Without ∧

a sound body ，one can't achieve anything.However ，too much attention has been paid only on

to studies.As a

result ，I suggest we are be given less homework or

and more time for out-of-classroom

activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.

第一处：clear→clearly。考查副词。此处修饰过去分词shown ，要用副词clearly“清晰地”。 第二处：surveying→surveyed。考查非谓语动词。本句中的谓语动词是have ，故students 后应是分词作后置定语，survey 与所修饰的students 构成被动关系，所以用过去分词。 第三处：去掉too 。考查行文逻辑。句中已经有as well as 表示“也”了，故句尾的too 是多余的。

第四处：lacks→lack。考查主谓一致。percentage 作主语时，谓语与它所修饰的名词或指代的名词一致。此处指学生，所以谓语动词用复数。

第五处：our→their。考查代词。42%的学生不听他们父母和老师的话。主语是42%of the students ，是第三人称，故此处形容词性物主代词用their 。

第六处：student→students。考查名词单复数。we 后面的名词是其同位语，所以用student 的复数形式与we 一致。

第七处：Without 后加a 。考查冠词。body 是可数名词，且此处泛指一个好的身体，故加冠词a 。

第八处：on→t o 。考查介词。pay attention to“注意……”是固定搭配，此处用的是该短语的被动形式。

第九处：are→be。虚拟语气。suggest 在此处表示“建议”，因此后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋do”形式，且should 可以省略。故此处应把are 改为be 。

第十处：or→and。考查连词。我建议我们应该少布置点作业，多些时间进行课外活动。本句是肯定句，此处不表示选择意义，而指的是并列的两个名词，表示“及”，应用and。