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动词ing做主语和宾语精解及练习

动词ing做主语和宾语精解及练习
动词ing做主语和宾语精解及练习

语法精讲精练:非谓语动词——动词-ing形式

王奴娇教案

动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”(gerund)和“现在分词”(present participle)两个部分。动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征,同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。

-ing的形式:-ing有一般式和完成式。及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态,而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例,将其-ing各种形式列表如下:

一、动词-ing形式的特征和种类

二、与动词不定式一样,动词的-ing形式也具有动词的特征,有时态和语态的变化,并可带

状语、宾语等。

A.动词-ing形式的一般式

1. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作,没有特别的时间意义。

Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。

Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。

2. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。

They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的讲话。

3. 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。

I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. 我记得上星期给他发过一份电子邮件。He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。

B. 动词-ing形式的完成式

动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作,这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well.

在这个城市生活了3年,她对这里已很熟悉。

I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture.

错过了这么振奋人心的演讲,我真的很遗憾。

D. 动词-ing形式的否定形式

动词的-ing形式的否定形式是由not 加动词的-ing形式构成。

His not coming made everyone present very disappointed. 他没来使在场的每个人

都很失望。

I'm sorry for not being present at the meeting in time. 我很抱歉没能按时赴会。Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址,我只好在家里等着。

Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格。

动词的-ing形式的用法

动词的-ing形式作主语

1.动词的-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。

Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。

Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。

Being invited to the party was a great honor to the family. 被邀请参加晚会是这家人的荣耀。

2.为了保持句子平衡,通常用先行词it作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在句末。

It is easy making plans, but it is difficult carrying them. 制定计划很容易,实行它却很难。

It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。

It's a waste of time arguing about it. 争论这事是浪费时间。

必背:动词的-ing形式作主语的几个常用句型。

It's no good talking to him. 和他谈话是没有用的。

It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come. 给他打电话没用。他不愿意来。练习用ing形式作主语翻译下列句子。

1 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。

2 照料家人是我的日常工作。

3. 被邀请参加晚会是这家人的荣耀。

4给他打电话没用,他不愿意来。

5 解释对你的身体健康有好处

6 说服他戒烟是在浪费时间。

7 上这种拥挤的公交车真难。

功能二:v.-ing形式作宾语v.-ing形式可以作动词的宾语,也可以作介词的宾语。

作动词宾语的情况:

⑴高中阶段能接v.-ing形式作宾语的常见动词:

mind(介意), suggest(建议), enjoy(欣赏,喜欢), admit(承认), appreciate(感激,欣赏), avoid(避免), delay(推迟), dislike(不喜欢,厌恶), escape(逃脱), finish(完成), forgive(宽恕),forbid(禁止)imagine(想象),fancy (想象),keep(保持), miss (错过), practise(训练), resist(抵抗,抵制), risk(冒险), deny(拒绝,否认), consider (考虑),stand(忍受),stop(停止),permit(允许),include,cannot help,advise (建议),excuse(原谅)等。

记忆口诀:

避免错过(少) 延期,(avoid miss postpone)

建议完成(多) 练习. (adwise finish practise)

喜欢想象禁不住, (enioy imagine can’t help)

承认否定(与) 嫉妒(admit deny envy)

逃脱冒险(莫) 原谅, (escape risk excuse)

忍受保持(不) 在意。( stand keep mind)

A mind 介意Would you mind turning on the air -conditioner?你介意把空调打开吗?

B suggest 建议The doctor suggested taking the medicine three times a day

.医生建议一天吃三次药

C admit(承认)He admitted cheating in the exam. 他承认在考试中作弊了。

D avoid(避免)I couldn’t avoid making mistakes whenever I stared to speak English .

每当我开始说英语我都无法避免出错。

E escape(逃脱)No one can escape being punished if he breaks the law.

如果触犯法律,任何人都逃脱不了被惩罚。

F finish(完成)I have finished cleaning my bedroom.我已经完成打扫我的房间了。

G forgive宽恕)Please forgive my disturbing you. 请原谅我打扰一下。

H forbid(禁止)We forbid throwing the rubbish here.我们禁止在此处扔垃圾。

I imagine(想象Can you imagine living on the moon?你能想象住在地球上的生活吗?

J keep(保持)How silly of him to keep asking the same question again and again!

反复问同一个问题他得有多傻呀。

K miss(错过)We missed seeing the wonderful movie.我们错过看那部精彩的电影了。

L practise(训练练习)You’d better practise speaking English every day.

你最好每天练习说英语。

M consider(考虑)They are considering buying the house before the prices go up.

他们正在考虑涨价前买下这房子。

N stand(忍受)I can’t stand your talking to me like that.

我不能忍受你跟我那样说话。

(2)既能带v.-ing形式又能带不定式作宾语的动词。

这类动词虽然既能用-ing形式作宾语,也能用不定式作宾语,但用法并不相同,主要有以下几种情况:

1.动词like, hate, prefer, intend, , love, prefer等后面,如表示一般性动作,多用-ing分词;如指特定的具体的某次动作,多用不定式。

I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim with you. 我喜欢游泳,但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。

I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校。

I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。

2 .forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作,而后接-ing 分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作。如:

Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗?

Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门.

3.动词mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接分词和接不定式作宾语,意思也有所不同。如:

I try not to think about that. 我尽量不去想那件事。

Would you please try doing that again? 请你再试一次好吗?

He stopped talking when the bell rang. 铃响的时候,他停止了讲话。

While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的时候,他不时地停下来和汤姆谈话。

注意:有时人们把stop后的动词不定式理解为目的状语。

4. need, require, want作“需要”解时,后面接-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式,意义上并无差别,但用-ing形式比较普通。

Your composition needs correcting / to be corrected. 你的作文需要修改。

His coat wants cleaning / to be cleaned. 他的大衣需要洗了。

The old woman requires looking after carefully / to be looked after carefully. 这个老大娘需要细心地照料。

(3)-ing分词作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语,而用it作形式宾语。如:

I don’t think it possible living in such a cold place. 我认为住在这么寒冷的地方是不可能的。

Do you consider it any good trying again? 你觉得再试一次会有好处吗

作介词宾语的情况

动词的-ing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关。常见的几种搭配形式有:

①动词+ 介词+ -ing形式aim at dream of care about

②动词+ 名词+ 介词+ -ing形式prevent sb from doing sth forgive sb for doing sth

③名词+ 介词+ -ing形式have no difficulty in take pride in

④形容词+ 介词+ -ing形式be tired of be proud of be angry about be satisfied

with

⑤介词to +动词-ing形式get used to look forward to turn to object to be equal to devote to

练习用动词ing形式做宾语翻译下列句子

一.动词后的宾语

1.他喜欢听轻音乐。

2.这位年轻人在考虑调换工作。

3..请你填一下这张表好吗?

4我父亲去年戒烟了。

5 妈妈建议乘飞机去北京。

6.她不能容忍别人嘲笑她。

7他的信需要马上回复。

.

8 .很遗憾在上海时我没看到你。

9 我记得把信寄了。

.

10我必须记住要去寄信。

.

11我忘记了曾经把那本书还给图书馆了。

12 .我忘记了要把那本书归还给图书馆。

13.他们(停止原来做的事)开始谈话。

14 他们停止了谈话。

15我们正在考虑他去那里的事。

.

16他试着用另外的方法做那项工作。

17.你打算把那件事告诉我吗?

18.那将意味着再等些时候。

19我不能帮助完成那项工作。

20.听到那个消息,我情不自禁地笑了。

21他接着开始指出论文中的错误。

22.他继续指出论文中的错误。

二.介词后的宾语

1.最后他成功地执行了他的任务。(succeed in)

2.发现房子里空无一人,我感到惊讶。Be surprised at

3.对不起,给你添了这么多麻烦。(for)

动词ing形式作表语,定语和宾语补足语.

概念引入 The music they are playing sounds so exciting . We watched three boys sharing their food with each Our job is playing all kinds of music . The girl singing now is a classmate of mine 用法讲解 非谓语动词中的ing形式包括两种: 一种是动名词,另外一种是现在分词。 ?基本形式: 1、-ing形式作表语 1) -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后,用来泛指某种动作或行为,以说明主语的具体内容(身份、性质或情况)。 如: Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。 2) –ing用来表示主语所具有的特征, 如: His concern for his mother is most touching. 他对母亲的关爱很感人。 His words are encouraging. 他的话很鼓舞人。 2、-ing形式作定语 1). 说明被修饰名词的作用和用途, 如: building materials = materials for building 建筑材料

drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 2). 说明被修饰名词的性质和程度, 如: tiring music = music that is tiring 烦人的音乐 a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果 3). 表示被修饰名词正在进行的动作, 如: 正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。 The student making the experiment is our monitor. 我们能看到冉冉升起的太阳。 We can see the rising sun. Attention 1) 单个-ing形式作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之前, -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 如: They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。 2) V-ing, 过去分词,不定式做定语时的区别: The student making the experiment is our monitor. They lived in a room facing the street. 正在举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting being held now is very important. 昨天举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting held yesterday is very important. 明天要举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important. 3)-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,这时,它与句子其他部分用逗号分开

动名词做主语和宾语

Unit 2 working the land Period 5动名词用法 预习清单 Ss read the following sentences and summarize their subjects. 1. Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 2. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. 3. Using chemical fertilizers has very common in farming. 引导清单 动名词的基本用法 一、用作主语 Playing with fire is dangerous. Climbing mountains is really fun. 注意:动名词做主语,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。 1)It is no use/ good / useless + doing… 2)It is a waste of time+doing … 3)It is fun+doing … 4)There is no +doing eg. It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收) It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 There is no joking about the matter.

二、用作宾语 1)作动词的宾语 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常见的此类动有:advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, appreciate, dislike, finish,, imagine, include, keep , mind, miss,, delay, practise, resist, suggest, . give up等。 为了便于记忆,特归纳如下: 后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜: 避免,错过,(少)延期建议,完成,(多)练习喜欢,想象,禁不住 承认,否定,(又)妒忌逃避,冒险,(多)原谅忍受,保持,(不)介意avoid, miss, postpone/put off suggest, finish, practice enjoy, imagine, can’t help admit, deny, envy escape, risk, excuse stand, keep, mind 注意: to 在下列短语中是介词,常跟动名词作宾语。 be/get used to look forward to get down to pay attention to devote oneself to lead to contribute to object to(反对) turn to see to stick to 补充:只跟to do 的动词:

动词ing形式详解

动词的ing形式 1. -ing分词的构成 -ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化,通常有下表几种形式(以do为例): 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如: Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址,我只好在家里等着。 His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。 2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式: -ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作;完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如: Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生,他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格。 3. -ing分词的被动式: -ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间,-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如:The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter. 他从来没谈起过他被记者采访的事情。 Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后,他把烟戒了。

(完整版)动词ing做主语和宾语精解及练习

语法精讲精练:非谓语动词——动词-ing形式 王奴娇教案 动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”(gerund)和“现在分词”(present participle)两个部分。动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征,同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。 -ing的形式:-ing有一般式和完成式。及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态,而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例,将其-ing各种形式列 一、动词-ing形式的特征和种类 二、与动词不定式一样,动词的-ing形式也具有动词的特征,有时态和语态的变化,并可带状 语、宾语等。 A.动词-ing形式的一般式 1. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作,没有特别的时间意义。 Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 2. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。 She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的讲话。 3. 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。 I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. 我记得上星期给他发过一份电子邮件。 He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物

只能接-ing分词作宾语的动词

只能接-ing分词作宾语的动词: 建议冒险去献身,忍受期待不停顿; 放弃延期悔失去,坚持欣赏实践成; 注意原谅避反对,考虑要求不自禁; 允许习惯不介意,价值开始想动名。 如:建议:advise, suggest, 冒险:risk,献身:devote oneself to 介词用法口诀 早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、点与分。 年、月、年月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。 将来时态in...以后,小处at大处in。 有形with无形by,语言、单位、材料in。 特征、方面与方式,心情成语惯用in。 介词at和to表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分。 日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚, 收音、农场、值日on,关于、基础、靠、著论。 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。 特定时日和“一……就”,on后常接动名词。 年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。 步行、驴、马、玩笑on,cab,carriage则用in。 at山脚、门口、在当前,速、温、日落、价、核心。 工具、和、同随with,具有、独立、就、原因。 就……来说宾译主,对、有、方状、表细分。

海、陆、空、车、偶、被by,单数、人类know to man。 this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。 接年、月、季、 定冠词用法小结口诀 a.口诀 1.有水无湖:海、洋、海湾、河等,都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the); the Red Sea,the Pacific Ocean,the Persian Gulf, the Yangtze River The Great Lakes(五大湖);Lake Erie(伊利湖) 2.有球无星:地球,月亮用the;行星不用the: Mars,Venus; 3.有山无峰:The Huangshan Mountains(黄山);Mount Everest(珠穆朗玛峰);Mount(or Mt.) Tai(泰山). 4.有独无欧(偶):独一无二的,the earth,the moon,the sun用the; 欧洲等七大洲不用the. Europe,Africa,Asia,North America,South America,Antarctica,Oceania 5.有(足)族无球(运动):种族用the:the Indians(印第安人);球类运动baseball,basketball 6.有文无章:历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用the The Constitution(宪法); chapter one 7.学而不专:学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the; The University of Fudan; Fudan University [ 发表时间:8/3/2003 9:22:06 AM ] 倒装口诀 副词开头要例装,人称代词则如常。 only修饰副介状,位于句首半倒装。

动词ing形式做主语和宾语(课堂设计)

The -ing form as the Subject and the Object 教学设计 Contents 教学内容 Discovering useful structures(p.13); Using structures (p. 50) Teaching goals 教学目标 1,Enable students to use the –ing form as subject and object correctly and freely. 2.How to use the-ing form freely .Explaining , discussing and practicing . The importance and difficulties教学重点、难点 1. Inspire Ss to discover the differenxes. 2. Make Ss remenber the different predicate verbs. 课前导学 Discovering The following sentences are from the text. There are some useful structures in them . Let students translate them and pay attention to these boldface words . 1,he cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life . (The Object) 2.He also doesn’t care about being famous. (The Object) 3.His other hobbies include playing mah-jong ,swimming and reading. 4.Wishing for things , however , costs noting .(The Object) 5.Since then ,finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal . (The Subject) 6.As a young man , he saw the great need for increasing the rice output . (The Object) 7.Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields .(The Object) 8.Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people .(The Object) 以学定教/展示激学 Teaching procedure Step 1 Warming up Have you ever seen these signs?

动词ing形式的用法

动词ing形式的用法 一)Ving形式作定语 分词短语作定语时,放在被修饰的名词之后;单个分词作定语时,放在被修饰的名词之前。例如: The man standing by the window is our teacher. Many frightened people rushed out of the burning building. Ving作定语主要表示动作和用途。 1. 表示动作(主动的、进行的动作)。 a waiting car = the car that is waiting a sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那儿的女孩是我的姐妹。 [注意]现在分词作定语时,它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生,如果两个动作有先有后,一般不能用现在分词作定语,而要用定语从句。例如: The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window. 老师批评了打破窗户的学生。 2. 表示用途: the waiting room = the room for waiting 候车室 a working method 工作方法 He has a reading room. 他有一个书房。 【比较】 过去分词作定语: 及物动词的过去分词表示被动,不及物动词的过去分词表示动作完成。例如: That is the book written by Lu Xun. 那是鲁迅写的书。 He is a returned student. 他是一个归国的留学生。 不定式作定语: 用不定式作定语,其经常所修饰的名词、代词有:

动名词作主语和宾语

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动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份 (一)

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Eg: One of his bad habits is speaking loudly. -----------Speaking loudly is one of his bad habits. Eg: Your task is studying hard.-------------Studying hard is your task. 与现在进行时的区别: He is flying.(现在进行时,就不能转换成----------Flying is he) 2、表示主语的某种性质或状态,描述主语的特征,相当于形容词,故不能与 主语互换。 系动词:be动词、感官动词、get/become等。 Eg: This film is interesting. Eg: Today’s weather is nice. Eg: The song sounds good. (主语一般为物:moving\ surprising\promising有希望的) 三、动词-ing形式做宾语 1、作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语,不能用不定式。 allow \ cannot help\ consider\ risk\ suggest\ forbid\ protect```(from)阻止\ admit\ advise\ allow\ avoid\ delay推迟\ enjoy\ escape逃脱\ finish\ give up\ imagine\ mind\ practise\

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英语ing形式详解

什么情况下句首的动词要用ing形式什么情况下用原型 动词的-ing形式 作主语 动词的-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词原形加-ing构成,可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。 n Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 n Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 n It…s nice talking with you.和你谈话很高兴。 n It…s no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 n There is no harm in doing so. 这样做没有害处。 作表语 动词-ing可用来作表语。如:

n This food smells inviting. n My favorite sport is swimming. n Their job is cleaning the window. 作宾语 1.动词-ing形式可以用作动词、短语动词和介词的宾语。 n I warned her against driving fast. n Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 2.有些动词和动词短语后接作宾语的非限定性动词时只能是-ing分词,常见的这类动词有:admit,acknowledge,advise,appreciate,avoid,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,excuse,escape, fancy,finish,forgive,face,endure,involve,give up,imagine,mention,mind,miss,pardon,

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动名词作主语和动词不定式做主语的区别? 动词不定式与动名词的区别:)to+V放句首为动词不定式,用法与V+ing差不多,多用于 后面所说的事情还没有发生。例:To be a author is my dream. V+i ng 放句首是动名词,其 相当于名词,例:Doi ng lots of exercise is good for health. 一般来讲,to+ v.表主动,表 将来,表一次行动作。-ing表主动,表进行。动词不定式与动名词的一些用法:)不定 式与动名词都可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但用法不尽相同。 1 ?作主语一般情 况下,不定式与动名词作主语可以互换,也常常可以用it充当形式主语,而把不定式和动名词放在句子的后半部分。但二者也有区别,不定式常常指某次具体的、将要发生的行为;而动名 词则表示一般的、抽象的行为。例如:To save money now is not easy. 现在攒钱不容易。 Savi ng mo ney is a good habit. 攒钱是个好习惯。 2 .作定语不定式多为后置定语,动名词 多为前置定语;不定式多表示将来的动作,动名词只能表示事物的属性、用途等。例如:He is look ing for a room to live in. 他正在找一间房子去住。Take these sleep ing pills and you\'ll sleep better.吃了这种安眠药,你会睡得更好。3 .作宾语:有些动词后只能跟不定式作宾语,不能跟动名词作宾语;有些动词后常跟动名词作宾语,不能跟不定式作宾语;有些动词后跟不定式和动名词作宾语皆可, 1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为,不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。例女口: Collect ing in formation about childre n ' s health is his jc收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。It ' s necessry to discuss the problem with an experieneed teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。2、常用不定式做主语的句型有: (1) It ' s difficult (important,necessary) for sb. to do (2)It ' s kind (good,friendly,polite, careless,rude,cruel,clever,foolish,brave) of sb. to do. 3 、常用动名词做主语的句型 有: It ' s no good (use,fun) doing. It ' s (a) waste of time one 另:1)s动o名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here .这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much .你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climb ing mou ntai ns is interesting .爬山很有趣。(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring .在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)(3 )不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。It took me only five minu tes to finish the job. I .动名词和不定式做主语的相同点 1. 不定式短语和动名词做主语时,常常为了保持句子的平衡,用it来做形式主语,如: It is not easy to learn English well. It is no use asking him for help. 2. 如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如:

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则 一.动词ing形式的用法 1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing. 如:I'm playing football. 2.一些特殊表达..如: be good at doing sth enjoy doing sth. be busy doing feel like doing thank you for doing do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 二.动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成,其规则如下: 1)一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3)以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有:begin,cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾,不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节,词尾音节不重读,但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母,然后再加ing ,如:travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。4)以 y 结尾的动词直接加 ing carry—— carrying enjoy—— enjoying 5)以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing

动词ing形式作主语和宾语

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动词ing大全

第一类直接加ing 1.look-looking 2.catch-catching 3.do-doing 4.play-playing 5.go-going 6.buy-buying 7. say-saying 8.see-seeing 9.bring-bringing 10.help-helping 11.sing-singing 12.draw-drawing 13.work-working 14.watch-watching 15.clean-cleaning 16.learn-learning 17.jump-jumping 18.be-being 19.fly-flying 20.stick-sticking 21.collect-collecting 22.cry-crying 23.walk-walking 24.build-building 25.hunt-hunting 26.fish-fishing 27.eat-eating 28.listen-listening 29.read-reading 30.stand-standing 第二类以e结尾的,去掉e,再加ing 1.ride-riding 2.bake-baking 3.shake-shaking 4.have-having 5.dance-dancing 6.write-writing 7.make-making https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8512273414.html,e-coming 9.take-taking

第三类单独记最后一个字母重复,再加ing 1.swim-swimming 2.get-getting 3.run-running 4.put-putting

动词-ing形式小结

动词-ing形式小结 动词-ing形式概述 v.-ing 形式包括传统语法的现在分词和动名词两部分,像动词不定式一样,它既具有动词时态和语态的特征,又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、主语补足语等。 动词-ing形式的时态、语态 主动语态被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 否定式 not writing v.-ing形式的一般式 V.-ing形式的一般式的构成,表示动作发生在谓语动词动作的同时、之前或之后。 用来泛指动作,没有时间的区分。 Seeking after knowledge is human nature. 求知是人的本性。 Travelling abroad can widen one’s outlook. 出国旅游会扩大人们的视野。 Eating too much chocolate is bad for your teeth. 吃太多的巧克力对你的牙齿有害。 My favourite sport is playing table tennis. 我最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。 行为与主要动作同时发生,表示伴随。 The students came into the classroom laughing and talking. 学生们又说又笑地走进了教室。 As she saw me,she came over smiling. 她看到我时,笑容可掬地走过来。 Doing the washing up,Connie was planning her holiday. 康妮在洗碗的时刻盘算着怎样度假。 行为在主要动作之前或之后。 Antonio remembered sending his mother an email three times last month. 安东尼记得上个月给他母亲发了三次电子邮件.(在前) Mr. Lee went out shutting the door behind him. 李先生出去后将门随手关上。(在后) v.-ing形式的完成式 v.-ing形式的完成式由“having + v.-ed 形式”构成,表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having finished his homework,he went to bed. 做完了作业,他去睡觉了。(先“做作业”,后“去睡觉”) He doesn’t remember having promised me that. 他忘记了曾经答应过我那件事。 She regretted having missed the film. 她很后悔没看这部电影。 I remember having heard you speak on that subject. 我记得曾经听见你谈过这个问题。 I could not recall having heard anyone say that before。 我不记得以前听过谁说这样的话。

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