(高清版)2018年浙江省宁波市中考英语试卷

英语试卷 第1页（共18页）

英语试卷 第2页（共18页）

绝密★启用前

浙江省宁波市2018年初中学业水平考试

英 语

(满分为95分，考试时间为90分钟。)

一、完形填空(本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分)

阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It does not always come easy to discover oneself. From a young age, I had a strong sense of who I was to become, 1 an accident made me redefine (重审) myself.

To me, skating was above all. There was 2 in this world that filled my heart with such joy. I spent twenty-four hours a week practicing my 3 Having no social life or interests but skating, my devotion (挚爱) brought me first place medals in nearly every 4 .

Unfortunately, in one show, I fell down and hurt myself 5 After several X-rays and MRI (磁共振) scans, the 6 (told ) Tie that I couldn't return to my sport any more. The pain in my back was hard to bear and even the 7 daily tasks became difficult.

As my passion (激情) was 8 , I had little sense of who I was to become. After eight months of suffering, something had to 9 . Instead of wasting my days sitting around painfully, I began to put my 10 into local community service projects. By volunteering 11 a swimming teacher and summer reading assistant for kids, I got an idea of who I 12 to become. After a few months, I devoted time to my interest in the arts. Little by Little, I 13 out of the shadow (阴影) and rebuilt my confidence.

Sometimes, some 14 rocks block (阻碍) our way. We can choose to stay behind or try to climb over. My accident was a rock that 15 to stop me from reaching success. Today I’m a very confident and optimistic person. 1. A. and B. but

C. or

D. so 2. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything 3. A. skills

B. behaviors

C. thoughts

D. habits 4. A. meeting B. party C. concert D. competition 5. A. quickly B. softly C. badly D. slowly 6. A. waiter B. doctor C. teacher D. policeman 7. A. useful

B. basic

C. proper

D. busy

8. A. found out

B. brought back

C. waken up

D. taken away

9. A. change B. remain C. leave D. arrive 10. A. energy B. duty C. wealth D. spirit 11. A. with B. for

C. as

D. to 12. A. wanted B. started C. promised D. lived 13. A. ran

B. jumped

C. stood

D. stepped 14. A. small B. large C. ugly D. round 15. A. managed

B. helped

C. failed

D. continued

二、阅读理解(本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分)

阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

As long as everyone contributes a little, the world will become a much better place. Most people are kind-hearted and want to lend a helping hand. Now let's share some memorable moments.

Linda : Once, when I was on my way back to my hometown, I lost my purse without even knowing it. I was told over the train’s loudspeaker that my purse was at the railway station's lost and found office. But the train had already started. Seeing my helplessness, a kind hostess offered to lend me some money. I went back to the railway station and got my purse. I am still thankful to the railway staff and the person who found my purse.

Scott : When I was a little boy, there was a time when I went to fish with my elder sister. All of a sudden, I slipped into the river. The next thing I remember is my father holding me in the hospital. Today I still don’t know who got me out of that river. I have been trying to help other people whenever I can all these years.

Tina : One of my neighbors is an old man who cannot speak. He makes money by recycling waste. Our other neighbors don't like his behavior. But in my opinion, it's his way to support his family. Once, after cleaning my house, I placed some cardboard boxes in his garden and left my rubbish beside my door. However, when I was about to go out, I found nothing outside my door but a note: "I have thrown away your rubbish. You are a nice girl. Thanks a lot!" 16. According to the passage above, we know that ________. A. the hostess found Linda's purse B. Linda knew where she lost her purse

C. Scott still doesn't know who got him out of the river

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D. some cardboard boxes were stolen by Tina's neighbor

17. The writer is trying to tell us the value of ________.

A. health

B. kindness

C. money

D. safety

18. The passage above is probably a ________.

A. report

B. diary

C. novel

D. letter

B

I graduated from college recently and moved to Washington by myself. While I was in college, it was really easy to meet new people. But "out in the real world", I was finding it really hard. I live in a big city, and it seems like everyone around me is busy or already has all the friends they want. I was feeling so discouraged(沮丧的) and I didn't know what to do, so I called my sister for some advice.

My sister is five years older than I am, so she's been through all this already. She's been helping me with my problems all my life. When I explained my problem, she understood completely. She said, "Why don't you try meeting people online?"

"Online? Are you kidding?" I asked. "A friend of mine chatted with a guy online, and when she finally met him face to face, he was nothing like what he said."

My sister laughed. "You don't have to look for dates online," she said. "But you can find other people like you—people who have just moved to town and want to make some new friends. When I first moved to New York after college, I found a book club and a football team online.

I met a lot of people that way."

"But you don't even like football!" I said.

"I know," she replied. "But that didn't matter. I still bad a lot of fun. You played volleyball in college. Why don't you look for a volleyball team to join? Or an art class?"

"Yeah! I saw a website about volunteering the other day." I said. "I could volunteer for an organization here in Washington. I bet I could meet a lot of really nice people that way."

"Good idea!" my sister answered excitedly. "Hey, you might even meet the perfect guy."

"OK, now you're starting to sound like Mom," I said. "Thanks a lot for the advice. I'm going online right now. I'll let you know what happens. Will you be home tonight?"

"No, but I'll be here all day t o morrow, so give me a call," my sister replied. "Good luck!"

19. What was the writer's problem?

A. She was cheated by her friend online.

B. She was refused by a volleyball team.

C. She couldn't meet people in her new city.

D. She felt discouraged in her college.

20. The writer's sister ________.

A. lives in the same city as the writer

B. doesn't have any advice for the writer

C. had the same problem when she finished college

D. She didn't go to college, but understands the writer's problem

21. The writer is probably going to ________.

A. become a member of a football team

B. look for dates online

C. join a book club like her sister did

D. volunteer for an organization

22. What's the best title for this passage?

A. Looking for Fun Online.

B. Volunteering in a New City.

C. Chatting with Friends Online.

D. Making Friends in a New City.

C

Artificial intelligence (AI)(人工智能) is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers "smart". John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with the name "artificial intelligence" in 1955. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same way as we do.

An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs that can learn, solve problems, and think logically(逻辑地). At present we use the term Al for successfully understanding human speech, recognizing(识别) human faces, operating self-driving cars and competing in some game systems like Chess and Alpha Go(阿尔法狗). Some people also consider AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly. Professor Stephen Hawking(霍金), a well-known British scientist, was not for this kind of technology.

Math is the basic language of AI. If we raise the standard in the learning of math, our students will be more likely to become successful AI designers in the future. We not only want bright students, but also need to attract average students and give them the math skills which are needed to change them into AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for A I designing.

Scientists hope to create creative and emotional AI which can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this fascinating field.

23. From Paragraph 1, we know that ________.

A. all problems can be solved by AI

B. machines with AI can think and learn

C. AI has been around for only 60 years.

D. AI works in the same way as humans

24. The underlined word"it"in Paragraph 2 refers to(指的是) ________.

A. Chess

B. Alpha Go

C. the danger

D. AI

25. According to the writer and the following school report, which student will most probably

become a successful AI designer?

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School Report

26. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientists' ________ about AI.

A. wishes

B. worries

C. feelings

D. discoveries

D

In our culture, the ability to make one's own decisions is important. John F. Kennedy's quote (引语) "Too often we enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought." shows an unpleasant truth.

Much of what we know and believe has been taught to us by others, and we often accept

this information without spending much time thinking it over for ourselves.

In today's world, we are being presented with information, ideas and beliefs, but many of

them are against each other. Psychology (心理学) tells us that if we hear an idea enough times, or 心t comes from someone we respect (尊敬), we will probably believe that idea. In these cases, we base our opinions on the opinions of others. If each of us does not think about this

information for ourselves and come to our own conclusions , we will become nothing more than parrots (鹦鹉) quoting the opinions of others.

Examples of spreading fake news without thought can be seen on the Internet. Some people believe whatever they read and then share the story without thinking about the facts. All it takes

is one quick click

(点击) of the "share" button, and the story travels on its way to influence even more unthinking readers. This can cause serious problems.

If we just stop for a moment to think about what we read and hear, and form our own opinions, we will be more thoughtful, more independent, and more creative people, but few take

that time. Yet we need not lose heart over this bad habit. In fact, simply becoming aware (意识到) of it is the first step towards correcting it. Once we become aware that we tend (趋向) to hold opinions and beliefs without thinking them through, we can change that pattern of behavior. Hopefully, we can learn to experience and enjoy the "discomfort of thought" and form our own

opinions.

27. What's the purpose of this passage? A. To describe how Internet news spreads.

B. To explain why people don't have their own opinions.

C. To tell people that they should have their own thoughts.

D. To warn people not to believe other people's ideas.

28. The underlined word "fake" in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A. untrue

B. unhappy

C. unfair

D. unusual

29. How can we have our own opinions according to the passage? A. By spreading the information we receive. B. By learning more about psychology. C. By quoting others' opinions like parrots. D. By thinking about what we read and hear.

30. We can probably find this passage in a book about ________. A. history

B. education

C. sports

D. languages

三、任务型阅读(本题有5小题，每小题l 分，共计5分)

下面是有关支付宝 (Alipay) 的英文版使用说明，请根据图片所示步骤，从A~E 中选择正确的选项与图片配对。

31.________

32.________

33.________

34.________

35.________

四、词汇运用(本题有15小题，每小题l 分，共计15分)

A.根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式(每空一词)。 36. April is the ________(第四) month of the year.

37. The ________(努力) you work, the more progress you'll make.

38. There will be a high-speed railway, ________(在……之间) Ningbo and Zhoushan.

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39. The use of new energy cars helps to reduce air ________ (污染).

40. Drinking too much juice can be ________ (有害的) to people's teeth.

41. I met a friend of ________(她的) in the street yesterday.

42. I can't hear you ________(清楚地). Please speak a little bit louder.

43. —Who is ________(敲) at the door? —Maybe it's the postman.

44. Liu Chuanjian is considered a ________(英雄) because he safely landed the damaged plane.

45. Mr. Smith ________(亲吻) his wife and kids before he goes to work every day.

B.

。

Can you help me think of an invention?

Jenny: With 46 ! Let me think ... hmm ... I know! The zipper!

Paul: The zipper? Is it 47 such a great invention?

Jenny: Think about how often it's used in our 48 lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags ... almost everywhere! I saw a website last week. The 49 of different inventions were listed there. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was _

50 by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn't used widely.

Paul: So when did it become popular?

Jenny: Around 1917.

五、语法填空(本题有10小题，每小题l分，共计10分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

Once upon a time, an eagle(老鹰) was flying in the sky when he suddenly saw a beautiful hen. The eagle came near the hen and said, "My pretty hen, I Love you. Will you be 51 (I) wife?"

The hen was scared for the eagle was so strong. Her husband, the cock had gone out to look for food and her kids had gone away somewhere lo play with other 52 (child). The hen quickly answered, "I'm willing to be, but let me first grow wings like yours, so I can fly 53 high as you." The eagle replied, "OK! This ring is for you as a sign of our betrothal(订婚). Tie it around your neck till I return."

The hen agreed 54 (do) so, and the eagle flew away.

When the cock met the hen the next day, he was very 55 (surprise) to see the ring around her neck. He said, "Where did you get that ring? Throw it away immediately. "

The hen did this and the cock was cheerful I again. But at the weekend, the eagle came 56 .

The frightened hen hid herself behind her door but the eagle soon found her out. Suddenly he cried, "Where 57 (be) the ring that I gave you? Why are you not wearing it?"

The hen was very scared and said, "Forgive me l I lost it yesterday. I was walking in the garden when I met a large snake. I was 58 frightened that I ran fast. When I got home, I couldn't find it. "

The eagle looked at the hen 59 (angry) and said, "I don't believe you. You have hurt me. I will punish you. 60 you don't marry me, I will snatch(抓) away all your chickens from you. But I will promise to forgive you only if you find my ring. Good-bye! "

Ever since, all the hens in the world have been scratching(轻抓) the ground to find the eagle's ring.

六、书面表达(本题有1小题，共计20分)

今年5月11日，你校组织了一次社会实践活动，部分学生选择去了红星农场（见导图一），其余学生选择去了科技博物馆（见导图二）。请根据你所选择的实践活动写一篇英语日记，记录当天的经历和感受。

导图一导图二

注意：（

1）日记必须包括你所选择导图的所有要点，并适当发挥；

（2）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；

（3）词数：80~100。日记格式及首句己给出，不计入总词数。

Friday, May 11th Today I had a school trip.

___________________________________________________________________________浙江省宁波市2018年初中学业水平考试

英语答案解析

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一、完形填空

1.【答案】B

【解析】句意为：在我很小的时候，我对自己要成为什么样的人有很强烈的意识，但是这次事故让我重新审视了自己。根据句意可知，空格前后句之间存在转折关系。故选B。【考点】考查连词辨析。

2.【答案】C

【解析】句意为：对我来说滑冰是最重要的。在这个世界上没有什么事情能给我带来这样的欢乐。nothing意为“没有什么”，符合语境。故选C。

【考点】考查不定代词辨析。

3.【答案】A

【解析】句意为：我一周要花24个小时来练习滑冰技巧。skill意为“技巧”；behavior意为“行为”；thought意为“想法”；habit意为“习惯”。故选A。

【考点】考查名词辨析。

4.【答案】D

【解析】meeting意为“会议”；party意为“聚会”；concer t意为“音乐会”；competition 意为“比赛”。根据空格前的first place medals可知此处指滑冰比赛。故选D。

【考点】考查名词辨析。

5.【答案】C

【解析】quickly意为“迅速地”；softly意为“柔软地”；badly意为“严重地”；slowly意为“缓慢地”。根据下文医生说作者以后不能再滑冰了可知，作者受伤严重。故选C。【考点】考查副词辨析。

6.【答案】B

【解析】根据语境可知，作者做了X光及核磁共振的检查之后.医生告诉他以后不能再滑冰了。故选B。

【考点】考查名词辨析。

7.【答案】B

【解析】useful意为“有用的”；basic意为“基本的”；proper意为“适当的”；busy意为“忙碌的”。根据空格前的“even”和空格后的“daily tasks”可知，作者不仅背部疼痛难忍，连基本的日常活动都变得很困难。故选B。

【考点】考查形容词辨析。

8.【答案】D

【解析】find out意为“查明”；bring back意为“带回来，恢复”；wake up意为“唤醒”；take away意为“带走”。根据空格后的“I had little sense of who I was to become”可知，作者对滑冰的激情消失了。故选D。

【考点】考查动词短语辨析。

9.【答案】A

【解析】change意为“改变”；remain意为“保留”；leave意为“离开”；arrive意为“到达”。根据下文内容可知，作者决定做出改变。故选A。

【考点】考查动词辨析。

10.【答案】A

【解析】energy意为“精力”；duty意为“职责”；wealth意为“财富”；spirit意为“精神”。根据下文描述的作者做游泳老师和阅读助教可知，此处指作者把精力投入到当地的社区服务项目中。故选A。

【考点】考查名词辨析。

11.【答案】C

【解析】句意为：通过义务做游泳老师和暑期儿童阅读助教……as意为“当作，作为”，符合语境。故选C。

【考点】考查介词辨析。

12.【答案】A

【解析】want意为“想要”；start意为“开始”；p romise意为“许诺”；live意为“居住，生活”。句意为：通过义务做游泳老师和暑期儿童阅读助教，我有了想成为什么样的人的想法。故选A。

【考点】考查动词辨析。

13.【答案】D

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【解析】run意为“跑”；jump意为“跳”；stand意为“站立”；step意为“走”。根据空格后的“rebuilt my confidence”可知作者逐渐从阴影中走出来，并重新树立了自信。Step out of是固定短语，意为“从……走出去”，符合语境。故选D。

【考点】考查动词辨析。

14.【答案】B

【解析】small意为“小的”；large意为“大的”；ugly意为“丑陋的”；round意为“圆的”。根据下句中的“try to climb over”可知，此处指有时候一些巨石阻碍了我们的道路。故选B。

【考点】考查形容词辨析。

15.【答案】C

【解析】manage意为“设法”；help意为“帮助”，fail意为“失败，未做”；continue意为“继续”。根据最后一段最后一句“Today I'm a very confident and optimistic person”可知，事故没有阻止作者走向成功。故选C。

【考点】考查动词辨析。

二、阅读理解

A

16.【答案】C

【解析】根据表格第一栏中第句中的“I lost my purse without even knowing it”可知，B 项描述错误：根据表格第一栏中内容可知，文章并没有提到谁捡到了Linda的钱包.那位火车服务员只是借给Linda一些钱，但并没有捡到她的钱包。故A项描述错误：根据表格最后一栏的内容可知，Tina给了她的邻居一些废旧纸箱，而不是其邻居偷了她的纸箱.故D项描述错误：根据表格第二栏中倒数第二句“Today I still don't know who got me out of that river”可知Scott仍然不知道谁把他从河里救了出来，故C项描述正确。故选C。【考点】细节理解题。

17.【答案】B

【解析】通读全文可知，表格内的内容讲述了三个助人为乐的故事，由此可推知，作者是想告诉我们善良的价值。故选B。【考点】推理判断题。

18.【答案】A

【解析】文章通过讲述了三个人亲身经历的些温暖的助人为乐的故事，告诉我们当为他人做些力所能及的事情，让世界变得更生好。因此这篇文章有可能是一篇报道。故选A。【考点】文章出处题。

19.【答案】C

【解析】根据第一段第一至三句“I graduated from college recently and moved to Washington by myself. While I was in college, it was really easy to meet new people. But‘out in the real world，’I was finding it really hard”可知。作者毕业后在一个陌生的城市很难交到新朋友。故选C。

【考点】细节理解题。

B

20.【答案】C

【解析】根据第二段第一句“My sister is five year solder than I am，so she's been through all this already”以及第四段最后两句“When I first moved to New York after college，I found a book club and a football team online. I met a lot of people that way”可知，作者的姐姐毕业后遇到过同样的问题。故选C。

【考点】细节理解题。

21.【答案】D

【解析】根据第七段最后两句“I could volunteer for an organization here in Washington. I bet I could meet a lot of really nice people that way”可推知，作者可能会去一个组织做志愿者。故选D。

【考点】推理判断题。

22.【答案】D

【解析】通读全文可知，作者不知道如何在新的城市结交朋友，但是在姐姐的帮助下，她找到了适合自己的方法。因此本文的最佳标题应是“在新城市结交朋友”。故选D。【考点】标题概括题。

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C

23.【答案】B

【解析】根据第一段第一句“Artificial intelligence（AI）（人工智能）is the ability of a computer program of a machine to think and learn”可知，人工智能是一种会思考和学习的计算机程序或机器。故选B。

【考点】细节理解题。

24.【答案】D

【解析】画线词所在句子的句意为“此外。有些人认为，如果人工智能发展过快。对人类面言是一个危险”由此可知，“it”指的是“人工智能”。故选D。

【考点】指代判断题

25.【答案】B

【解析】根据第三段第二句“If we raise the standard in the learning of math，our students will be more likely to become successful AI designers in the future”和第三段最后一句“Besides，a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing”可知，要想成为一名成功的人工智能设计者除了数学成绩好之外，计算机水平也要好。综合分析表格中的成绩可知.Peter最符合当一名成功的人工智能设计者的条件。故选B。

【考点】推理判断题。

26.【答案】A

【解析】根据第四段第一句“Scientists hope to create creative and emotional A1 which can possibly understand human feelings or create art”可知，第四段主要介绍了科学家们对人工智能的期望。故选A。

【考点】段落大意题。

D

27.【答案】C

【解析】。根据第一段第一句“In our culture，the ability to make one's own decisions is important”和最后一段最后一句“Hopefully，we can learn to experience and enjoy the 'discomfort to thought' and form our own opinions”并结合全文内容可知，本文是想告诉人们应该有自己的想法。故选C。

【考点】写作意图题

28.【答案】A

【解析】根据画线词所在句的下一句“Some people believe whatever they read and then share the story without thinking about the facts”可知，一些人没有对事实进行思考，就相信他们所读的东西，并将这个故事进行分享。由此可推知，人们有时会在网上传播不真实的消息，因此fake应意为“不真实的”。故选A。

【考点】词义猜测题。

29.【答案】D

【解析】根据最后一段第一句“If we just stop for a moment to think about what we read and hear，and form our own opinion”可知，我们只有对读到和听到的东西进行思考，才能形成自己的观点。故选D。

【考点】推理判断题。

30.【答案】B

【解析】通读全文可知。作者通过这篇文章告诉人们不要不加思考地传播一些虚假清息面应当对我们所听到，读到的东西进行思考从而形成自己的观点。因此本篇文章可能出自教育类的书籍。故选B。

【考点】文章出处题。

三、任务型阅读

31.【答案】E

32.【答案】C

33.【答案】B

34.【答案】A

35.【答案】D

四、词汇运用

36.【答案】4th/ fourth

37.【答案】harder

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38.【答案】between

39.【答案】pollution

40.【答案】harmful

41.【答案】hers

42.【答案】clearly

43.【答案】knocking

44.【答案】hero

45.【答案】kisses

46.【答案】pleasure

47.【答案】really

48.【答案】daily

49.【答案】pioneers

50.【答案】invented

五、词法填空

51.【答案】my

【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词“wife”，故填my。【考点】考查代词。

52.【答案】children

【解析】other意为“其他的”，其后应跟名词的复数形式。child是可数名词，其复数形式为children，故填children。

【考点】考查名词的复数。

53.【答案】as

【解析】as…a s…是固定结构，意为“和……一样……”，故填as。

【考点】考查固定结构。

54.【答案】to do

【解析】agree to do sth是固定用法，意为“同意做某事”。故填to do。

【考点】考查不定式。55.【答案】surprised

【解析】根据句中的be动词“was”可知，空格处应用形容词。本句的主语为“he”，指人，应用surprised来修饰。surprising意为“令人吃惊的”，常用来修饰物。故填surprised。【考点】考查词性转换。

56.【答案】back/ again

【解析】句意为：但是在周末，那只老鹰又回来了。此处可以填back，表示“回来”：也可以填again.表示“又来了”。故填back/ again。

【考点】考查副词。

57.【答案】is

【解析】句意为：我送你的颈圈在哪里？本句为直接引语，因此主句应用：般现在时态来表示现在的状况。故填is。

【考点】考查动词的时态。

58.【答案】so

【解析】so…that…为固定句型，意为“如此…以至于…”。故填as。

【考点】考查固定句型。

59.【答案】angrily

【解析】此处应用副词修饰动词短语“looked at”，angry的副词形式为angrily。故填angrily。【考点】考查词性转换。

60.【答案】If

【解析】句意为：如果你不嫁给我，我就把你所有的小鸡从你身边抓走。根据语境可知，空格处引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。故填If。注意首字母大写。

【考点】考查连词。

六、书面表达

【答案】

Possible version 1：

Friday. May 11th Today I had a school trip. The weather was fine. My classmates and I set off to Hongxing

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Farm by bus early in the morning.

The minute we arrived，we took a walk around the farm. Then we fed the chickens. When

I threw some food to them，they ran over to me with excitement and some of them even walked

into their friends. The most exciting thing was that we picked strawberries after lunch. While

we were picking，we ate a lot. How sweet they were!

I had a wonderful time today! I do hope to go there again in the near future!

(98 words)

Possible version 2：

Friday，May 11th

Today I had a school trip. The weather was fine. My classmates and I set off to the Science

Museum by subway at 7:00.

As soon as we reached the museum, we were amazed to see lots of pictures about science.

Then we watched a video about different inventions and their inventors. It’s unbelievable that

technology has progressed in such a rapid way. In the afternoon, we played chess with some

special robots. It was surprising to find that nobody could beat them. Before leaving, we bought

some gifts for our friends.

I had a wonderful time today! I do hope to go there again!

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