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丁树杞《大学俄语(1)(东方老版)》学习指南【词汇短语+语音语调+课文精解+单元语法+全文翻译+练习

丁树杞《大学俄语(1)(东方老版)》学习指南【词汇短语+语音语调+课文精解+单元语法+全文翻译+练习
丁树杞《大学俄语(1)(东方老版)》学习指南【词汇短语+语音语调+课文精解+单元语法+全文翻译+练习

丁树杞《大学俄语(1)(东方老版)》学习指南

урок13

一、词汇短语

чистый[形]干净的,整洁的

【搭配】~aярубашка干净的衬衫

~oeполотенце干净的毛巾

заниматься[未]学习

【变位】-аюсь,-аешься

【接格】чем

【搭配】~русскимязыком学习俄语

【拓展】[完]заняться,займусь,займёшься

тихий[形]轻声的,平静的

【搭配】~голос低嗓音

【例句】Тихиеводыглубоки.流静水深。

обязательно[副]一定,必定,务必,必须

【例句】①Яобязательноприду.我一定来。

②Прошуобязательнобыть.请务必到。

послезавтра[副]后天

【例句】Онприедетпослезавтра.他后天来。

быстро[副]飞快地,很快地

【搭配】~бегать飞快地奔跑

【例句】Быстропрошликаникулы.假期转眼过去了。

трудный[形]费力的,吃力的;难的,困难的,艰难的;难管教的,难侍弄的【变化】-ден,-дна,-дно,трудны及трудны

【搭配】~аяработа难做的活,困难的工作

~аязадача难完成的任务;难题

~путь艰难的道路

【例句】Насожидалтрудныйпуть.我们前面还有艰难的路途。

поехать[完]前往,去

【变位】-еду,-едешь

【搭配】~наУкраину前往乌克兰

【例句】Машинапоехала.汽车开了。

зачёт[阳]考查(高等及专科学校考核学生成绩的一种形式)

【变格】-а

【搭配】экзаменыи~ы考试和考查

устный~口头考查

письменный~书面考查

【例句】Ребятаневсеявилисьназачётe.同学们没有全来应考。

экзамен[阳]考试

【变格】-a

【搭配】курсовой~年级考试

сдавать~通过考试

【例句】Экзаменсестрысдалилучшевсех.姐妹俩的成绩比任何人都高。

позавчера[副]前天,前日

【例句】Позавчерабылвторник.前天是星期二。

разве[语]莫非,难道

【例句】Развевынезнаете?难道您不知道?

светлый[形]明亮的,光线充足的

【搭配】~aякомната明亮的房间

готовить[未]准备;做饭

【变位】-влю,-вишь

【接格】кого-что

【搭配】~уроки准备功课,做功课

~роль排练角色

~обед做饭

【例句】Внашейстоловойхорошоготовят.我们食堂饭菜做得很好。

мыть[未]–помыть[完]洗;冲刷;浇湿

【接格】кого-что

【搭配】~руки洗手

~посуду洗碗碟

【例句】Выносилимебель,сталимытьполы.把家具都搬了出去,开始擦洗地板。

Рекамоетберега.河水冲刷着两岸。

убирать[未]整理,收拾

【变位】-аю,-аешь

【接格】что

【搭配】~постель整理床铺

【例句】Онаумелаубратьсвойдомик,какигрушечку.她总是把家里收拾得漂漂亮亮的。

【拓展】[完]убрать,уберу,уберёшь

чистить[未]使干净,清除;削皮,去壳

【变位】чищу,чистишь

【搭配】~зубы刷牙

~дорогу清扫道路

~картофель削马铃薯皮

【拓展】[完]почистить

пол[阳]地板,(室内的)地,地坪

【变格】-а(-у),ополе,на(в)полу,复-ы

【搭配】деревянный~木地板

паркетный~镶木地板

цементный~水泥地

【例句】Ползамусорился.地板上满是垃圾。

пылесос[阳](真空)吸尘器

【变格】-а

【搭配】электрическийпылесос电动(真空)吸尘器

включитьпылесос开动吸尘器

чиститьковёрпылесосом用吸尘器清洁地毯

вытирать[未]擦

【变位】вытираю,вытираешь,вытирают

【接格】что

【搭配】~кровьватнымшариком用棉球擦血

~жирныегубысалфеткой用餐巾擦拭油汪汪的嘴唇

~блюдо擦盘子

【例句】Штукатурнеторопливоположилкисть,началмедлительновытиратьрукиофартук.粉刷工不慌不忙地放下刷子,开始慢腾腾地在围裙上擦手。【拓展】вытереть(完),-тру,-трешь;-тер,-ла;-терший;-тертый;-терши及-терев

мебель[阴,集]家具

【变格】-и

【搭配】мягкая~软座家具(有弹簧的椅子、沙发等)

【例句】Вкомнатемногомебели.房间里有很多家具。

помогать[未]帮助,帮忙;援助,接济

【变位】-аю,-аешь

【接格】комучтоделать

【搭配】~комуучиться帮助……学习

~деньгами接济

【例句】Яготовпомочь.我愿意帮助。

【拓展】[完]помочь,-могу,-можешь

должен[副]应当,应该,必定,一定

【例句】Мыдолжныпреодолетьтрудности.我们应当克服困难。

детский[形]儿童的,孩子的

英语口语8000句-10重要的提醒和忠告

英语口语8000句-10重要的提醒和忠告 ●教诲、告诫 约翰,向她道歉。 John, apologize to her. John, apologize to her. (约翰,向她道歉。) I'm really sorry. (真对不起。) 约翰,你听我说! John, you listen to me! John, you listen to me! (约翰,你听我说!) I don't want to. (我不想听。) 危险,别淘气。 Watch out! Don't play with that thing. Mom, watch! (妈妈,你看!) Watch out! Don't play with that thing. (危险,别淘气。) 自己的事情自己做。 Do it yourself. Can you fix my bicycle? (能帮我修一下自行车吗?) Do it yourself. (自己修。) Do it by yourself. Do it for yourself. 你别半途而废。 You should finish what you start. I'm going to give up. (我想放弃了。) You should finish what you start. (你别半途而废。) Don't leave things half done. *也可用half done来表示“半途而废”。 我认输了。 I'm ready to throw in the towel. *这是一句拳击用语,用来比喻“认输”。You failed the exam again. (你又没考上。) I'm ready to throw in the towel. (我认输了。) 这是你(应尽)的责任。 It's your duty (to do that). *duty “(法律、道德上的)义务,应尽的责任”。It's up to you to do that. (这是你应该做的。) It's your responsibility. (这是你分内的工作。) 要善待他人。 Be good to others. Do unto others as you would have done to you.*正式的说法。 You should treat others kindly. Do unto others.

学术写作中常用高级用词替换

常用词的学术替换 动词替换: 1.Improve 提高: Promote: 促进AC之间的贸易promote the trade between A and C; He was promoted to senior manager in this company. Advance: our understanding of human genetics has considerably(非常的,可换做vastly) advanced. Enhance: the publi city has enhanced his reputation.这次宣传提高了他的名望 2.change 改变: Transform:多指改头换面,完全改变,不能用于形容slight change。说到人口变化:the increasing population has transformed the landscape and structure of local industry structure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构 3.Emphasize 强调: Highlight:the report highlight the decline in the numbers of native(可以换作local) plants and insects. Stress: He stresses the need for parents to listen to their children. Accentuate: the crisis accentuates the gap between rich and poor. (highlight and emphasize 的区别:highlight是告诉人们重点,因而能够让别人注意,类似于老师勾重点;而emphasize则是使重点清晰,不管别人是否能注意得到。而stress则和emphasize差不多) 4.Develop培养: Cultivate: cultivate the ability of … ;培养情操;cultivate a more relaxed and positive way towards life. Nurture: 养育,同样可以指培养人才(talents)the sea nutures ample marine animals. 5.Break 破坏: Impair:impair ability; 主要是破坏能力,莫乱用。 Undermine这个词也是指的是抽象意义上的破坏,有逐渐削弱之意,重点是循序渐进的过程。Undermine one’s ability/confidence/authority/position/credibility Jeopardize: 不能乱用,破坏的东西要上一定的等级才能配上此词。比如Jeopardize the process of peace.破坏和平进程 Devastate特指毁灭、蹂躏the earthquake devastated the whole city. 6.Keep 保存 Preserve、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词,不要用protect,protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。 7.deal With解决 Tackle: tackle the problem. Resolve: resolve dispute争论/conflict冲突/problem/issue/crisis危机;来自拉丁语,比较正式。 8.need 需要 Require:xxx requires courage and confidence. Necessitate: 用法不简单,没有摸透。 call for(这也是个很高级的用法,奥巴马就用这个【我不晓得奥巴马咋个用的,原帖是这样

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专四高频词汇 1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更 2.burst vi.,n. 突然发生,爆裂 3.dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of) 4.blast n. 爆炸;气流vi. 炸,炸掉 5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽 6.split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂 a.裂开的 7.spit v. 吐(唾液等);唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出 9.slip v. 滑动,滑落;忽略 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种,品种v. 繁殖,产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算,作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的 17.transform v. 转变,变革;变换 18.transmit v. 传播,播送;传递19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输,运送 n. 运输,运输工具 21.shift v. 转移;转动;转 变 22.vary v. 变化,改变;使 多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见 24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可 疑的 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/857966165.html,d a. 温暖的,暖和的; 温柔的,味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的;脆弱的 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害, 讨厌(的人或事物) 30.insignificant a. 无意义 的,无足轻重的;无价值的 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条 件的;完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线,边 界 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器v. 刹住(车) 35.catalog n. 目录(册)v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确 的 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费 38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭 的 39.extraordinary a. 不平常 的,特别的,非凡的 40.extreme a. 极度的,极端 的n. 极端,过分 41.agent n. 代理人,代理 商;动因,原因 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮 料,酒精 43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求 44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏 识,欣赏 45.approve v. 赞成,同意, 批准 46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励 47.acquire vt. 取得,获得; 学到 48.accomplish vt .完成,到 达;实行 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/857966165.html,work n. 网状物;广播 网,电视网;网络 50.tide n. 潮汐;潮流 51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的

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美国最地道最高频的300习惯用语 1. Have a nice day. 祝你今天愉快 2. So far, so good. 目前为止一切都好 3. Take it or leave it. 要就要,不要就拉倒 4. Keep it up! 继续努力,继续加油 5. Good for you. 好啊!做得好! 6. Time flies!时光如梭 7. Time is money. 时间就是金钱 8. That's life. 这就是人生 9. Now you're talking. 这才对嘛 10. have butterflies in one's stomach 紧张 11. You asked for it. 你自找的 12. read between the lines 字里行间的言外之意 13. The rest is history. 众所皆知 14. A little bird told me. 我听说的 15. It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行 16. Mind your own business. 不关你的事儿 17. Hang in there. 坚持下去 18. could be worse 可能更糟 19. Money talks. 金钱万能 20. count me out 不要算我 21. Over my dead body! 想都别想(除非我死了) 22. go fifty-fifty on sth. 平分 23. Y ou can say that again! You said it! 你说的没错;你说对了 24. Look who's talking! 看看你自己吧! 25. It's Greek to me. 这我完全不懂 26. take my word for it 相信我的话 27. not one's cup of tea 不感兴趣;不合胃口 28. Get real ! 别闹了;别开玩笑了 29. head over heels 深陷;完全地 30. Suit yourself. 随你高兴 31. What's the catch? 有什么意图? 32. let the cat out of bag 泄漏秘密 33. sth. is touch and go 危险的情况;惊险的;一触即发的 34. beat a dead horse 白费劲 35. The sky's the limit. 没有限制 36. once in a blue moon 千载难逢;难得一次 37. Be prepared. 准备好 38. It's easier said than done. 说的比做的简单 39. have second thoughts 考虑一下;犹豫 40. behind someone's back 在某人背后;背着某人 41. Better luck next time. 下次运气更好 42. come in handy 派得上用场

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