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英语不定式

英语不定式
英语不定式

接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词

afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事

determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事

help to do sth. 帮助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事

注:有些不及物动词后习惯上也接动词不定式,不接动名词:

aim to do sth. 打算做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事struggle to do sth. 努力做某事

接动词不定式作宾补的36个常用动词

advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事

beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事

command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事

elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事

expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事

force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事

hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事

leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事

mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事

oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事

permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事

prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事

tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事

trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事

warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事

接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34个常用动词

admit doing sth. 承认做某事advise doing sth. 建议做某事allow doing sth. 允许做某事appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事avoid doing sth. 避免做某事consider doing sth. 考虑做某事delay doing sth. 推迟做某事deny doing sth. 否认做某事discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事fancy doing sth. 设想做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事keep doing sth. 保持做某事mention doing sth. 提及做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事miss doing sth. 错过做某事pardon doing sth. 原谅做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事put off doing sth. 推迟做某事report doing sth. 报告做某事risk doing sth. 冒险做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事suggest doing sth. 建议做某事understand doing sth. 理解做某事

接现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词

bring sb.doing sth.引起某人做某事catch sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人做某事

find sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事get sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事have sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人做某事

keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事listen to sb. doing sth. 听某人做某事look at sb. doing sth. 看着某人做某事notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人做某事observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事prevent sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事send sb. doing sth.使某人(突然)做某事

set sb. doing sth. 使(引起)某人做某事start sb. doing sth. 使某人开始做某事stop sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事watch sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事接动词原形作宾补的11个常用动词

feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做某事have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事let sb. do sth.让某人做某事

listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事notice sb. do sth. 注意某人做某事

observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事

watch sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事

(完整版)英语常见动词不定式词组

常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★决定做某事decide to do sth. ★同意做某事agree to do sth. ★需要某人做某事need to do sth. ★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth ★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do ★准备做某事get/be ready to do ★尽力/努力做某事try to do sth ★计划做某事plan to do sth. ★不得不have to do ★轮流做某事take one’s turns to do sth.★拒绝做某事refuse to do sth. ★告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. ★请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth. ★期待某人做某事expect sb. to do sth.

★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb.to do sth. ★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth.. ★喜欢/想要某人做某事like sb. to do sth. ★帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do ★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某 事 ★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了 ★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是…… ★It takes sb. time to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间

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英语中的动词不定式

解读动词不定式作主语、宾语、定语、状语 在中学教科书中,动词不定式是一个非常重要的语法点;在历年高考中,动词不定式是频频考查的要点之一;在学生的学习实践中,动词不定式是琐碎、难学的语法项目之一。为了更熟练、准确、有针对性地掌握此项语法知识,下面把(N)MET对动词不定式作主语、宾语、定语及状语的考查点进行总结、归纳。 I. 不定式作主语 1. 不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。例如: It is good to help others.帮助他人是件好事。 It is exciting to surf the Internet.上网是件令人兴奋的事。 2. 不定式作主语与V-ing形式作主语的不同:前者作主语时,常表示某一次具体的动作;而后者常表示习惯性的动作。例如: To teach the three children is my job this afternoon. 教这三个孩子是今天下午我的工作。 Walking is a good form of exercise. 散步是锻炼的一种好方式。 简析: It's ... of sb. to do sth.与It's... for sb. to do sth. 当表语形容词说明不定式的逻辑主语具有某种品质时,常用"It's...of sb. to do sth."。例如:

It's very kind / nice of you to help me。感谢你的帮助。 当表语形容词说明不定式具有某种特征时,应使用 "It's ...for sb. to do sth."。例如: It's hard for the Chinese students to learn Russian. 中国学生学俄语是很难的。 [高考题例] 1. Is ________ necessary to complete the design before National Day A. this B. that C. it D. he 2. It was foolish ________ you to give up what you rightly owned. A. for B. of C. about D. from II. 不定式作宾语 1. 学习不定式作宾语时,要注意掌握四种动词: 1) 后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: offer, decide, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。 2) 后接V-ing形式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: enjoy, mind, suggest, advise, finish, practise, imagine, admit, avoid, delay等。

初中英语动词不定式整理

初中英语动词不定式整理 一、作主语,可以用it代替,it叫形式主语,动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语1.To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 2. It’s dangerous to drive very fast. 二、作表语 My idea is to ring him up at once. 我的想法是马上给他打电话。 如果主语部分含实义动词do,且作表语的动词又是“do”的内容,这时表语不定式的“to”可以省略。如:All I did was wait here. 我能做的就是在这里等。 三、常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。 He has decided to go to the countryside. 他已决心去乡下。 四、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、find out等的宾语。 I don’t know who to ask. 我真不知道该问谁。 五、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”可以作动词show、teach、ask等后面的直接宾语。She told me where to find the earphone. 她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机。 六、如果宾语太长,可用it作形式宾语,构成“主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾语不足语(名词或形容词) + to do sth”结构,谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。 I found it difficult to stop him. 我发现拦截他很困难。 七、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语。 Autumn harvest is about to start. 秋收即将开始。 I’m worrying about what to do next. 我正愁下一步该怎么办。 八、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。 I have a lot of books to read. 我有许多书要读。 此时,如果动词不定式动词为不及物动词,后面的介词绝对不能省略。 We had only a cold room to live in. 我们只有寒室一间。 九、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有主谓关系。 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到,最后一个走。 十、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词之间只有修饰关系。 We have no time to go to town today. 今天我们没有时间去城里。 十一、作状语的动词不定式常表示目的、原因、方向、结果等。 I’m glad to meet you. 见到你,我很高兴。 They ran over to welcome the foreign guests. 他们跑过来欢迎外宾。 十二、不定式复合结构“for sb to do sth”可用作主语、表语、定语、状语等。It’s for her to decide. 这得由她来决定。(表语) There are many books for you to read. 这有许多书供你阅读。(定语) The book ids too difficult for children to read. 这本书太难了,孩子们看不懂。(结果状语) 不定式复合结构作主语时,需注意: It’s + 形容词 + for / of + sb + to do sth.

高中英语语法复习--动词不定式的用法

动词不定式专题复习 动词不定式的形式: 动词不定式的用法 1.不定式作主语 ⑴原则上,可用动词不定式直接作句子的主语,通常用it作句子的形式主语,而把不定式移到后面,形成“It + 谓语… + 动词不定式…”的句型。如: To catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning is not a good idea. It is not a good idea to catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning. To learn a foreign language well takes painstaking efforts. It takes painstaking efforts to learn a foreign language well. ⑵若要说明不定式的动作的执行者,可以在不定式前面加上“for + 名词或代词”结构,或是“of + 名词或代词”结构。 It is a great pleasure for me to talk with him. It is very kind of you to help me . ⑶可用于“of + 名词/代词 + 动词不定式”结构中作主语补足语的形容词是指那些可以表示人或事物的性质或品质的好坏的形容词。这些词如:careful, cruel, foolish, bold, brave, good, honest, kind, rude,polite, nice,stupid, selfish, silly, wicked, wise, thoughtful, wrong等。 2.不定式作宾语 不定式作宾语有两种情况:一是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式,二是“动词+疑问词+带to的不定式”。 ⑴“动词+带to的不定式”结构:常见的以不定式作宾语的动词有afford, appear, agree, ask, believe,decide, demand, desire, fail, hope, intend,learn, mean, offer, promise,refuse, wish等。如: I can‘t afford to buy a house. ⑵“动词+疑问代(副)词+不定式”结构:常见的这类动词有advise, decide, forget, know, learn, remember,see, tell, think, teach, wonder,discover, understand, guess, explain等。这类疑问代(副)词what, when, which, where, how, whether等(不包含why)。如: She does not know how to go there. He will tell you how to deal with it. ⑶在不定式作宾语时,有时我们会使用it作形式宾语,而把不定式放到后面。如: They consider it inappropriate to have classes in the evening. (4)可以作形容词的宾语。这一类形容词有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious等。例如: I”m determined to give up smoking. He is willing to help us. (5)在tell, advise, allow, forbid, learn, show, decide等词的后面常用“连接词+不定式”作宾语。例如: We must decide whether to go or stay. I don”t know how to get in touch with him.

英语不定式解析

英语不定式解析 英语语法教错的概念有很多,提到英语中的“不定式”啊,大家是再熟悉不过了。稍微有一点英语底子的人都会说:“不定式”啊,这个谁不会,就是在动词原形前加to呗。 我再往下问您,它为什么叫“不定式”呢?这里的“不定”二字是咋个不定呢? 这一下就没准把很多人给问蒙了。 也许有人会说:“这个问题呀,还真从来没想过,反正在英语里见到to v的样子就叫不定式,谁管它咋个不定法呢。” 我看呀,不是一些同学没搞明白,就连大多数英语老师也蒙在鼓里呢。您可别小看了“不定式”这么个通俗名词,就因为当初翻译的时候名字起得不好,它就成了学英语中的大难点,类似的事情在英语语法学习中比比皆是。 近百年来中国的英语老师们可是花了不少的精力来解释“不定式”的用法,可就是没人敢拍着胸脯说对这个难题清楚了,这一切就因为当初“不定式”这个词是望文生义翻译错的。 什么,翻译错了!? 对,翻译错了,这事您就没想到吧。让我们来分析一下。 “不定式”的英文原词是“infinitive”,fin这几个字母是一个词根,有“边界”的意思,翻译成汉语应该是“画地为界”,也可简单地翻译成“确定、界定、界线、边缘线”等意思。如define是“确定了界线”的意思,因而表示“定义”;如finish是“终点线”的意思,因而表示“完成。”因此当翻译语法书的前人们看见了“infinitive”这个词时,便把它生硬地翻译成了“不定式”,因为in有“不”的意思,这个翻译方法很容易使人误联想为“不固定的式样”。 而其实呢,不定式的样子是最固定的,就是to后面加上个动词原形,并且几乎永远不变样,你瞧,我马上就给你举几个例子。 “I wanted to talk to you at that moment, Mary.” “He is going to attend the meeting.” “The children hope to play on the playground.” 你看以上句子中的to v的样子多固定啊。因此,to v最好叫“不变式”,或干脆就直接叫“固定式”,这才是最符合它原样的名字,也最容易使学英语的人们一目了然地认识它和会用它。名字搞对了,再讲解它的用法就很简单了,甚至举几个例子就可以讲清楚。如: My duty is to study English.(to study相当于一个名词,当表语,放在表语位置上) To study English is my duty.(to study相当于一个名词,当主语,放在主语位置上) I begin to study English.(to study相当于一个名词,当宾语,放在宾语位置上) My method to study English is very special.(to study相当于一个形容词,当定语,放在所修饰的名词method后面) I came to Beijing to study English.(to study相当于一个副词,当状语,放在句子尾) 也就是说,纠正了名字的干扰和困惑后你几乎不用任何多想就可以学会这个以往最难得语法点——把它当一个普通的万用词用就是了,大家都不好意思说学不会。可如果把它叫了“不定式”你再试试看,就好像把一个女人叫成了“女男人”,单单这名字一迷惑,简简单单的语法就变成了大难题了。 那么,好生生的“不变式”(或“固定式”)以前怎么就硬给叫成了“不定式”呢,为了解开这个历时百年的谜团,我们还真得追根溯源地刨根问底,说说百年前的语法翻译误会。 英语语法和汉语语法不一样。在咱们的汉语语法中,一个动词老是一个样子,例如,“你昨

英语语法-动词不定式的特征

英语语法-动词不定式的特征 1、不定式可以有动词的特征,即不定式有时态和语态的变化: ①一般式: 不定式的一般式所表示的动作与限定动词动作同时发生或发生在限定动词动作之后。 I'm glad to meet you. 很高兴见到你。(glad与meet两个动作同时发生) He seems to know a lot. 他好像知道很多。(seem与know两个动作同时发生) He wants to be an artist. 他想做一名艺术家。(to be an artist这个动作发生在want之后) ②进行式: 不定式的进行式所表示的动作与限定动词动作同时发生。 The boy pretended to be working hard. 男孩假装正在努力工作。 They seem to be discussing problems in the room. 他们好像在房间里讨论问题。 ③完成式: 不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在限定动词动作之前。 I regretted to have told the truth. 我后悔说实话了。(to have told发生在regret之前) I happened to have seen the film. 我碰巧看过这部电影。(to have seen发生在happen之前) ④被动式: To be obeyed was natural to her.

她天性要别人听命于她。 The book is intended to be read and not to be torn. 这书是供人阅读而不是供人撕毁的。 2、不定式也有名词性质 不定式的名词性质表现在:在句中可作主语、宾语等。 To be content with little is true happiness. 知足常乐。(做主语) The man,without fuss,agreed to serve as witness. 这个人没有异议,同意作证人。(作宾语)

初中英语语法专项:动词不定式用法(附练习答案)

动词不定式用法 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to+do;其否定形式是not to+do。 下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。 一.作主语 可以直接作主语。如:To see is to believe. 但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如: It's wrong to play tricks on other people. It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy. 点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在It is +adj +(for sb.)+(not)to do sth句型中,表示说话人对客观事件的决断,意为:做…..是……的,it仅作形式主语,真正的主语是to do sth It is very interesting to read.读书是有趣的 It is useful to read.看书是有用的 It is healthy to run every day.每天跑步是健康的 It is a little difficulty for me to work out this question.解出这道题对我来说有点难 It is bad not to finish homework.不完成作业是糟糕的

It is bad to be late for school.迟到是糟糕的 It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪,与It is +adj +(for sb.)+(not)to do sth的意义不同。 It is very kind of you to tell me the truth.你能告诉我事实,真是太好了It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing.他做那件傻事,真是太笨了It is very clever of you to work out this question. 你能解出这道题目,真是太聪明了 It is very wise of you to read this novel. 你看这本小说,真是太明智了这个句型中用介词of而不是for的原因是这里的形容词是用来形容人的品质性格的。 类似的词有:careless,careful,clever,considerate,foolish,good,impolite,kind,naughty,nice,silly,stupid,friendly 因此区分是用It is +adj +(for sb.)+(not)to do sth还是It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth,要清楚adj修饰的是sb还是to do sth 例如:It is nice for me to have breakfast with you(nice是指have breakfast with you这件事)对于我来说,能和你一起吃早餐真好。 It is nice of you to help him with his English.(nice是指you,形容人的品质)你帮他补习英语,真是太好了。 二.作宾语 A.want,decide ,agree,afford,agree,aim,appear,ask,believe,care,claim,decide ,demand,desire,determine,expect,

英语中的动词不定式构成

动词不定式构成:to+ do(动词原形) 否定式:not to+do 动词原形 动词不定式特点:动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语。可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语. 一. 带to的不定式结构 1. 我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like , love, stop, go, come等。 二. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式: 1. 在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 例如:You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It's cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷,你最好不要出去。 2. 在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 例如:I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 3. 在引导疑问句的why not之后。 “Why not+不带to的不定式”是“Why don’t you do…”的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。 例如: Why not go with us? 为什么不和我们一起去呢? Why not take a holiday? =Why don’t you take a holiday? 为什么不休假呢?三.动词不定式的句法功能: (一)作主语 不定式结构作主语时,现代英语倾向于采用it作形式主语,而把不定式结构后置的形式。 e.g. It’s easy (for me) to do that. 我做这事太容易了。 It’s so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。 It’s very kind of you to help us. 承蒙惠助,不胜感激。 (二) 作宾语 在下列动词后用不定式作宾语: afford; agree; ask; decide; want; expect; hope; fail; happen; help; learn; mean; manage; offer; plan; promise; refuse; wish; forget; rememb er… e.g. The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 It is raining hard. Jack is holding a newspaper over his head. He forgot to take an umbrella.

英语语法不定式

动词不定式 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“ not to+动词原形”, 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不 定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但是有时态和语态的变化。 1,不定式做主语: (1)往往放在谓语的后面,句子则用引导词it作 形式主语。 It is a great pleasure to talk with him. (2)在不定式的前面加一个由for引起的断语说明 不定式表示的动作的执行者。 It is easy for the students to read. (3)在下列形容词作表语时,不定式前常需加由for引起的短语,说明不定式指的是谁的情况:kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, rude, polite, naught. 2,不定式作宾语及复合宾语: (1)有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语,常见 动词有:want, demand, like, hate, hope, begin, seem, fail, help, offer, manage, pretend(假装), forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, expect, agree, determine, prefer, intend. (2)有些及物动词常用一个连接代词(副词)加 上动词不定式作宾语。常见的动词有:tell, teach, advise, show, decide, discuss等等。 The teacher taught me how to pronounce the word again and again. (3)有些动词需要复合宾语,动词不定式在复合宾语中作宾语补足语。常见动词有:ask, advise, allow, believe, call on(号召,请求), help, know, like, order, tell, persuade, permit, want. I asked my mother to buy a new bike for me. (4)有些动词的复合宾语中,动词不定时须省掉to,这样的动词有:see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, hear, have, feel, let, make, help. e.g. We wanted to have him come early. They saw the boys play volleyball on the ground after school. 【注意】①help后面的 to可省掉,也可保留。 ②在被动语态的句子中不定式省去的to需要还 原。 Feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,se e,watch,have, let . (5)有些动词复合宾语中的不定式,常用it来表示,真正作宾语的不定式则放在宾语补足语的后面,常见的动词有:find, think, make, consider, feel. Do you consider it right to send our doctors over? 3,不定式作定语: 不定式作定语时,一般放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。 (1)有些名词的后面常用不定式作定语。这些名词是:campaign(战役),courage, chance, decision, determination, drive, effort, intention(目的,意图), motive force(动力),movement, need, opportunity, right, struggle, time, way, wish. (2)有些句子常可以看到不定式作定语的用法。这 类举行常见的有:I usually have a lot of meetings to attend during the summer vacation. He has something important to tell me every day. Sorry, I don’t know you are always the first person to come here. This is not the pen to write with. I have not a friend to talk with. 4,不定式作状语的用法: 不定式作状语,用来修饰动词,表示目的,原因,结果,其位置和一般的状语相同。 (1)表示目的: We went to the airport to welcome the players last Saturday. 【注意】有时不定式表示目的时使用in order to 或 so as to加动词原形,为了表示强调,放在句 首或句尾。 In order to improve my English, I read China Daily every day. He took a taxi so as to miss the train. 【注意】不定式作目的状语放在句首时,其表示的目的更加明显突出,有时作为句子独立成分的插入语或习惯用语也是一样。 To tell you the truth, he has gone to Japan. To conclude, he died of cancer. To be fair, she is an honest girl. (2)表示原因: To hear him talk in that manner, you would think him a foreigner. 【注意】许多形容词,副词,过去分词作表语时,后面带有不定式作状语,表示产生这种情绪的原因。常见的这类词有:able, angry, anxious, afraid, clever, determined, eager(急于), fit, foolish, free, glad, lucky, cruel, delighted(高兴的), pleased, ready, sorry, sure, willing, happy, shocked(震惊), proud, frightened, fortunate, surprised, disappointed, careful. e.g. You are sure to succeed. The students are anxious to learn a second foreign language. Be careful not to catch cold. (3)下面结构中的形容词后面可带不定式,句子的 主语可以是人,也可以是物。这样的形容词有:easy, hard, difficult, comfortable, deep, good. e.g. The new leader is easy to get along with. The river is broad, deep and good to swim in. 5,不定式的时态形式: 动词不定式一般有三种时态形式,即一般式,进行式,完成式。 (1)一般式(to do):表示的动作通常与主要 谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同事(或几乎同时)发生,或之后发生。 I hope to see you again. (2)完成式(to have done):表示的动作,先 于句子的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态。 I’m glad to have met your parents here. I’m sorry to have kept him waiting for me so long.

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