高考英语全国试题语法分类汇编之名词性从句

高考英语全国试题语法分类汇编之名词性从句

（精校附解析）

【2012陕西卷】20. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose

______ suits you best.

A whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever

A13[2012陕西卷]【答案与解析】B 考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句做动词choose的宾语，引导词在从句中做主语，意思是：无论哪件，选B。其余选项与句意不符。

【2012北京卷】24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently.

A. why

B. how

C. that

D. whether

24. C。从句考查，宾语从句不缺少成分用that引导。

【2012江西卷】25．It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.

A．whether B．where C．which D．that

25答案：D 考点：考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。

解析：it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that 在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。

[2012湖南高考真题]26. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ____ you have lived there for a short or a long time.

A. why

B. how

C. whether

D. when

[2012湖南高考真题26]||C||本题是一形式主语句型，考查名词性从句引导的用法。根据空后的or可知为whether … or短语。复合句名词性从句主语从句形式主语引导词whether

【2012重庆卷】34. Evdence has been found through years of study______ children’s

early sleeping problem likely to continue when they grow up.

A. why

B. how

C. whether

D. that

34.【考点】名词性从句

【答案】D

【解析】分析句子结构可知，空白处后面为句子主语“Evidence”的同位语从句，在这一从句中，句意完整，不缺少成分，应该使用“that”作为引导词。因此，正确答案为D选项。

1.同位语从句的功能

同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导。如：

The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.

国王作出的这名囚犯释放的决定让人们大吃一惊。

2.同位语在句子中的位置

同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。如：

He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.

他从玛丽那里得知运动会要延期举行。

3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特

征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。如：

The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.

他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）

The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.

汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）

【试题延伸】(2011·天津)Modern science has given clear evidence ____________smoking can lead to many diseases.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. where）]

点拨. C。题意：抽烟会导致多种疾病，对此现代科学已经给出了明确的证据。本题考查名词性从句(同位语从句)。evidence后的从句说明的是其具体内容，从句中不缺少句子成分，故用that引导同位语从句。其他三项引导同位语从句都要在从句中作成分。

【难度】一般

【2012安徽卷】27.The limits of a person’s intelligence,generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but

he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.

A. where

B. whether

C. that

D. why

首先把插入语generally speaking删掉，选择B.本题考查名词性从句，but whether he reaches these limits 【作为句子主语】will depend on his environment.

【2012全国新课程】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.

A. how

B. which

C. that

D. what

【答案】D

【解析】此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。

【考点定位】考查主语从句的连接词。

【2012山东卷】25. It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

A. how

B. whether

C. what

D. why

25.【答案】B

【解析】此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…意为：是…还是…都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。【考点定位】考查主语从句的连接词。

【2012福建卷】35. We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken

with the movie star.

A. who

B. whom

C. whoever

D. whomever

【考点】本句考查连词的辨析

【答案】C

【解析】首先本句考查的关键短语是promise sb sth“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做chance的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyone who，这样句子就很清晰了，所以划分句子成分非常关键，以前考察whoever都是做状语，而本题考查的是作promise的宾语，挺新颖的。

【难度】难度大

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