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英译汉 连淑能 Chapter5 addition增补法

Addition(增补法)

By:李想涂小连

Test 点击此处修改标题about your business

Addition (增补法)

5.1 Structural addition (结构性增补)

5.2 Semantic addition (语义性增补)

5.3 Rhetorical addition (修辞性增补)10

5.1 Structural Addition

(结构性增补)

5.1 Structural Addition(结构性增补)

Structural addition is mainly due to the structural or grammatical differences between English and Chinese.

结构性增补(结构加法)主要是由于英语和中文的结构或语法差异。英语中省略或不必要的内容在中文中可能

是必不可少的,反之亦然; 因此属于翻译中的加法原则。

Examples & Drill 5.1 05 Supplying words omitted or substituted in original

(补充原文省略或被替代的词) 1.We won't retreat; we never have and never will.

我们不后退,我们从来没有后退过,我们将来也决不后退。

2.water evaporates more rapidly when the temperature is high than when it is low.

温度高,水蒸发得快;温度低,水蒸发得慢。

Brainstorm

Conceptualization

Proposal Revi

sion

s

06 1.They have our interest at heart as we have theirs .

2.Meantime the market kept growing , and the demand rising .

同时,市场总是在扩大;需求总是在增加。

他们关心我们的利益,我们也关心他们的利益。Drill 5.1 (补充原文省略或被替代的词)

Brainstorm

Conceptualiz ation

Proposal

Revisions

Examples & Drill 5.1

07(2)Supplying words necessary in structure or collocation of

the target text(补充译文结构或搭配所需要的词)

1.You cannot build a ship, a house, or a machine tool if you do not know how to make or read a design.

如果不懂得制图或看不懂图纸,就不能造船、盖房子或制造机床。2.For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

对于每一种作用,都有大小相等、方向相反的作用。

3.He was a quiet and thoughtful man.

他举止文雅,待人体贴。

5.2 Semantic Addition

(语义性增补)

补充辅助性名词、范畴词,使语意具体清楚

Supplying supplementary nouns to make the meaning concrete and clear 补充辅助性动词以

解释名词的意思Supplying supplementary Verbs to explain the meanings of nouns

补充概括性的词

Supplying

summarizing words

补充解释性的词语,

以利读者更好地理解supplying

illustrative words

or expressions

for better Understanding

supplying illustrative words or expressions for better

Understanding

(补充解释性的词语,

以利读者更好地理解)

Supplying supplementary nouns

(category words)to make the meaning concrete and clear (补充辅助性名词-范畴词,使语意具体,清楚)

Semantic addition

(语意性增补)11

98%

Adobe Muse

Examples of Chinese category

?tension 紧张的局势(紧张,不安)?necessity 必要性(需要,必然性)?madness 疯狂的行为(疯狂,愚蠢的行为)?preparation 准备工作(预备,准备)?loftiness 崇高气质(高,崇高,高傲)?jealousy 嫉妒心理(嫉妒,猜忌,戒备)?arrogance 傲慢态度(自大,傲慢态度)?modernization 现代化(现代化)?lightheartedness 轻松愉快的心情?notoriety 名声狼藉的境地

Examples P13012 1、Recourse to arms is not the best solution

to a quarrel between countries.

国与国之间的争端借助武力,并不是最好的解决办法

2、He was described as impressed by Deng’s flexibility .(time 1985)

据说他对邓的灵活态度印象很深

3、At the same time, inequality has become worse.

同时,不平等现象现在变得更严重了

Drills 5.2.1 P131补充范畴词

1 . It is a part, and a very important part, of the air defense of our country.

这是我们国家防空(系统)的一部分,而且是相当重要的一部分。

2.Is was after the defeat that he truly raised his voice for realism.

只是在战败之后,他才真正地大声疾呼要持实现主义态度。

NOTES P132

1、The plane twisted down under me , trailing flame and smoke

飞机拖着浓烟烈火在我下面扭动着坠落了下去.

2、“It will make a man of him”, said jack “college is the place for him”.

“要使他成为一个堂堂的男子汉,”杰克说“就应该让他念大学。”

Supplying supplementary nouns (category words)to make the meaning concrete and clear.(补充辅助性名词-范畴词,使语意具体,清楚)Determine your

Real Reward Identify

your Trigger Create New Routine

Semantic addition (语意性增补)

Examples ;P133

1.In the event of war, the side which

has a high degree of mobility will get a

decided advantage.2.Footsteps announced his return.

依我看来,我认为这完全是一个要么赢得自由

要么沦为奴隶的问题。

3.For my own part, I consider it as

nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery.

16

如果发生战争,哪一方有高度的机动性,哪一方就会活动决定性的优势。听见脚步声,知道他回来了。

Drills 5.2.2 P133 增补动词

Supply Chinese verbs where necessary in translation.

这是一个破纪录的增长数字。1.This was a record increase.

她应声开门。

3.She answered the door.

物体的重量随着它所处的高度变化。

2.The weight of a bode changes with altitude.专家确定这个寺庙是公元前150年修建的。4.Experts assign the temple decision.

17

18 5.2.3 Supplying summarizing words

(补充概括性的词) Supplying summarizing words

A Chinese sentence can be rendered clearer by supplying summarizing words after a heavy subject or a series of parallel expressions.

Question:Can you list some Chinese summarizing words?

?Words like “这”“那” “这一切”“所有”“这些”“上述各项”“凡此种种” even “以下内容”“如下事实”。

《英译汉教程》(连淑能主编,高等教育出版社)-第10~12章【圣才出品】

第10章Division(拆译法) 10.1 复习笔记 In division, we have to determine where to divide, how to divide, what the subject or the predicate of the new clause or sentence should be, and how to rearrange various parts of the original sentence. These may involve such techniques as Conversion, Addition and Inversion. 拆分时要注意以下问题:在哪里拆分,怎样拆分,新的从句或句子的主语、谓语分别是什么,以及如何重新组织这些部分。这里涉及到的技巧有转换法、增补法和倒置法。 一、Picking Out of Words(拆译单词) It is advisable to pick out those words which are hard to reproduce in the original structure and expand them into Chinese word groups, clauses or sentences. There are usually three steps to deal with such words: 翻译过程中,如果一个单词的意义很难用汉语在原有句法框架下表达出来,就可以把该单词抽取出来,并将其扩展为汉语词组、从句或句子。具体操作步骤如下: 1. Determine which word(s) to pick out; 确定需要抽取出来的单词; 2. Apply Conversion or Addition, if necessary, to make the translated version smooth and well-connected; 必要时运用转换法或增补法,使译文流畅、通顺;

英汉翻译

求则得之 Ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you. For everyone who asks receives; he who seeks finds; and to him who knocks, the door will be opened. Matthew 7:7 你们祈求,就给你们;寻找,就能找到;叩门,就给你们开门。因为凡祈求的就得到,寻找的就寻见,叩门的就给他开门。《马太福音》7章7节。 教材: 杨士焯:《英汉翻译教程》A Textbook on English-Chinese Translation 北京大学出版社,2011年3月第二版定价:38.00 参考书目: 1.《英汉对比研究》,连淑能著,高等教育出版社,2003年版。 2.《英汉语篇翻译》,李运兴著,清华大学出版社,2003年版。 3.《当代翻译理论》,刘宓庆著,中国对外翻译出版公司,1999年版。 4.《翻译的基本知识》钱歌川著,世界图书出版公司北京公司,2011年版 5.《英译汉教程》,连淑能著,高等教育出版社,2006年版。 Evaluation: Attendance 10% Two assignments 20% (each accounting for 10%) Mid-tem: 30% Final: 40% 决定翻译质量的四大因素: 1.外语水平it is six of one, half a dozen of the other. It is a case of half bottle empty and half bottle full. We are not here to make up the number. 2.汉语水平it works only when it hurts. (良药苦口,忠言逆耳) 3.知识水平Council house (公房), directives(律令),affirmative action (优惠政 策) , George Orwell said in 1984 4.工作态度peasant, pheasant 学习能力(learning ability):self-motivation, self-discipline, cultivation of learning habit, logical analysis, generalization, ability to learn something within a very short period of time. Niche market: (壁龛、局部、适当、特定高端、细分、缝隙、小众、尼基、利基等)Niche 是指关键性、独特性的核心技术(如创新设计,技术能力,行销通路,资料库,制造能力,品牌等)能让有所成就和发展。Niche market 则是指企业能针对特定的市场区隔,利用公司的关键性、独特性的核心技术,提供专业化的服务,且具有一定的市场占有率,成为公司主要获利来源的市场。 Robust (鲁棒) (臭名昭著的鲁棒,翻译这个词的人应该千刀万剐。到底是什么意思?鲁班做的棒子?鲁国出品的棒子?)

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