大学英语1期末复习(含答案)

Unit1

1. Alan was always in trouble with the police when he was young but he's now a [respectable] married man.

2. The people who had been hurt in the car accident lay screaming in [agony].

3. Because his condition's not serious they've [put] his name [down] on the hospital waiting list.

4. The second part of the book describes the strange [sequence] of events that lead to the King's fall from power.

5. When I saw my little boy crying bitterly over the death of his pet dog, I could hardly [hold back] my tears.

6. They are going to [distribute] those clothes and blankets among the flood victims (受害者).

7. Linda managed to support herself by working [off and on] as a waitress.

8. Parts of my childhood are so [vivid] to me that they could be memories of yesterday.

9. People often [associate] the old days with good times, and seem to forget the hardship they suffered.

10. Andrew [finally] decided, after much thought, to leave his job.

11. Jane's worried she won't be able to [turn in] her paper on time.

12. The President came under attack from all sides for his inability to [tackle] the country's severe social problems.

Unit2

1.There was no wind and the oak tree behind the house was standing [absolutely] still.

2.If you don't want to buy a kite, you can make your own using directions [available] in books at your local library.

3.The girl walked steadily north, pausing [every now and then] to check her direction.

4.The trade unions [are urging / urged] employers to invest more money in staff training.

5.As a sailing ship has a [destination], so we must have a definite goal in our life.

6.Before people knew how to make and use metals, engineering constructions were [mostly] built of wood or stone.

7.You'll probably find Dave at the school disco — he often [hangs out] there.

8.If your house has been broken into, don't touch anything. Call the police [right away].

9.We had a family [reunion] where I saw relatives I hadn't seen for 20 years.

10.I guess Henry has been busy writing an article [or something] recently. That's why he couldn't accept the invitation.

11.Scientists [estimate]that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 12 years on average.

12.Although it is unlikely that everyone will be able to come, they are still [going ahead] with the plan to hold a class reunion.

Unit3

1. It'll only be a [brief] visit because we recently haven't much time.

2. The job is great [in terms of] advancement but the starting salary is rather low.

3. We'd better pay that electricity bill before they [cut] us [off].

4. As pace of life (生活节奏) quickens things [tend] to change fast in the city.

5. Why don't we get rid of these old chairs, since we don't use them [anyway]?

6. The earth's atmosphere makes [precise] observation of distant stars difficult.

7. The lawn was laid out [in the form of] the figure 8.

8. I shouldn't always have to tell you what to do, use your own [initiative].

9. Words cannot [convey] how grateful we are for his timely help.

10. It seems to me that the board of directors is [in two minds] over the opening of a branch office in South Africa.

11. I find it difficult to grasp the [concept] of infinite space.

12. Philip presented a complex argument that was completely beyond my [grasp].

Unit4

1. It was already a [wreck] when two weeks later the police found his stolen car and he had to buy a new one.

2. With great patience, the clerk showed the elderly lady how to check the [balance] in her bank account on an ATM (自动出纳机).

3. If you look out of the window on the left side of the bus, you'll see that we're now [approaching] the Tower of London.

4. There'll certainly be some problems, but nothing that you can't [handle].

5. People who [discard] litter in the streets should be fined heavily.

6. Successful businessmen today are likely to be young, aggressive (有进取心的), and well-educated. [Above all], they are willing to take risks to achieve success.

7. During those difficult years, the family lived almost entirely on a [diet] of cabbages.

8. What are we going to [do with] the food left over from the party?

9. We [checked on] Tom's age by getting his birth record.

10. We'll go out as soon as I've [cleaned up] the kitchen.

11. For women lawyers in the United States, their [weekly] earnings are on the average much less than those of male lawyers.

12. I won't get involved in a deal like this — it's against all my [principles].

Unit5

1. A [monthly] statement is a general term for a personalized financial record that regularly informs a recipient about the status of his or her account. It is generally mailed to the recipient on or near the same day each month.

2. Over a hundred children came to the annual Christmas party which was a good opportunity for them to gather and renew [acquaintances].

3. My parents' marriage was a [classic] of its time — those years of the so-called cultural revolution, with no wedding ceremony and no honeymoon.

4. Having failed in the examination, Owen didn't dare [look] his father [in the eye].

5. Britain still has a bicycle industry; frames and complete bicycles are [manufactured] here, though most of the components are imported.

6. The employees of the company are treated right with handsome paychecks and stock [options].

7. San Francisco is one of the largest cities in California and a leading center of culture, [finance], and industry in the United States.

8. Steve announced just now that he was leaving, but the coach had already started looking around for a [replacement] weeks before.

9. Shortly after he learned of the earthquake, the man hurried back to his hometown, searching high and low to find out whether his parents had [survived] the calamity (灾难).

10. I was listening for Grace's voice, but it wasn't easy to [pick] it [out] among all the others.

11. The survey reveals that an increasing number of young people claim they enjoy [married] life.

12. Someone [grabbed at] the letter I was reading. Looking up, I was delightfully surprised to find that it was my former classmate.

Unit1

1. They have sent George to the newspaper's Paris office. (assign)

-----George [has been assigned to the newspaper's Paris office].

2. What the man told us was well beyond what was usual, so I didn't know whether to believe him or not. (extraordinary)

------The man's story [was so extraordinary that I didn't know whether to believe him or not].

3. A clear picture was formed in her mind of how she would look in twenty years' time. (image)

----She had [a clear image of how she would look in twenty years' time] .

4. On an order from the officer the soldiers opened fire. (command)

-----When the officer [gave the command the soldiers opened fire].

5. We'll keep producing bikes as long as they remain in demand. (turn out)

----As long as people keep [buying bikes we'll keep turning them out]

Unit2

1.He seemed to be still anxious about his failure in the examination. (on one's mind)

-----It seemed that his failure [in the examination was still on his mind].

2.The sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game left him so upset that he was completely unable to say a word. (choke up)

-----He [was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game].

3.Her study so fully occupied her that she forgot to have dinner. (be lost in)

-----She [was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner].

4.I am afraid I won't be able to accomplish the project on time because something has unexpectedly happened. (come up)

-----Something [has come up and I am afraid I won't be able to accomplish the project on time].

5.They calculated that the cost of equipping the new hospital would probably be $2 million. (estimate)

-----The cost [of equipping the new hospital was estimated at $2 million].

Unit3

1. Since their team has won the match today, it will certainly have a place in the Cup Final. (ensure)

-----Winning the match today [has ensured their team a place in the Cup Final].

2. Medical workers have a duty to heal the wounded and rescue the dying. (responsibility)

-----It is [medical workers' responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying].

3. The learner gets amusement as well as knowledge from these computer games. (entertain, educate)

-----These computer games [entertain as well as educate the learner].

4. Air and water are vital to all living things. (do without)

No living thing [can do without air and water].

5. There is a strong possibility that the election will be held in June. (likely)

-----The election [is likely to be held in June].

Unit4

1. They gave up their efforts to look for survivors (幸存者) after determining that all the people in the sunken ship had died. (abandon)

-----Efforts [to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died / to look for survivors were abandoned after it was determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died].

2. To my amazement, Bob left a well-paid job to travel around the world. (amaze)

-----I [was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job to travel around the world].

3. As her business is small and she could provide no guarantee, many a bank has refused her request for a loan. (turn down)

-----Her request [f or a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee].

4. People often misunderstand her because she is not precise in expressing her thoughts. (precision)

-----She doesn't [express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her]. 5. We are firm in our decision to modernize our country in the shortest possible time. (determination, weaken)

-----Nothing [will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time].

Unit5

1. An eight-month-old baby girl was the sole survivor of a car crash that killed both her parents. (survive)

-----Only an eight-month-old baby girl[survived a car crash that killed both her parents].

2. Sarah read my poem out to the whole class ─I almost died of embarrassment. (embarrass)

-----I was[almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class]. 3. The seriously injured pupils will be under the care of doctors and nurses of the Children's Hospital. (care for)

-----Doctors and nurses[of the Children's Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils].

4. Several people have phoned the personnel department to inquire about the position of Chief Financial Officer. (inquiry)

-----The personnel department has received[several phone calls making inquiries about the position of Chief Financial Officer].

5. We can help you find a solution to all your financial problems if you join our club. (straighten out)

-----We can help you[straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club].

Unit1

1. 那是个正规宴会，我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。(formal)

[As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.]

2. 他的女友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉。(take hold)

[His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.]

3. 他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大，决定增加生产。(anticipate)

[Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.]

4. 据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全规章而被解雇。(violate)

[It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company's safety rules/Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company's safety rules.]

5. 据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水（water shortage）的可能性。(avoid, severe) [It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage./The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.]

Unit2

1. 半个小时过去了，但末班车还没来。我们只好走回家。(go by)

[Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn't come yet. We had to walk home.]

2. 玛丽看上去对汉语考试很担心，因为她还没有背熟课文。(learn … by heart)

[Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn't learned the texts by heart.]

3. 既然篮球赛已被推迟，我们不妨去参观博物馆。(postpone)

[Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.]

4. 整个二次世界大战期间他一直和父母住在澳大利亚。(all the way)

[He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through World War II.]

5. 自1985年从南京大学毕业至今，可以说我与我的大学同学失去了联系。(kind of, lose touch)

[Since I graduated from Nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.]

Unit3

1. 正如科学家所预言的那样，全球污染成了人类面临的最严重的问题之一。(global)

[As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.]

2. 谋求这些职位的竞争很激烈——今年的求职者（applicant）是去年的五倍。(competition) [Competition for these jobs is very tough ─we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year / there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.]

3. 正如事实表明的那样，教育大纲应当符合国家的经济发展计划。(fit into)

[As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economic development.]

4. 这辆汽车太费油（burn too much gas），而且价钱几乎是我想付的两倍。(moreover) [The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.]

5. 要了解一起重大的国际事件，我们首先需要考虑其历史与政治背景。(background) [To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.]

Unit4

1. 据报导，联合国斡旋者（mediators）制定出了他们希望双方都能接受的方案。(work out) [It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.]

2. 多丽丝小心翼翼地在森林里行走，害怕遭到大蛇攻击。(giant)

[Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.]

3. 地震、台风和其他自然灾害（disaster）无法防止，但可采取行动保护生命财产。(property) [Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property.]

4. 我买了一期新的我最喜欢的体育杂志就赶紧回家，急着想读之自娱。(amuse)

[I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it.]

5. 海伦缺乏信心。我从未遇到过像她那样没有自信的（unsure of oneself）人。(confidence) [Helen lacks confidence. I've never known anyone so unsure of herself.]

Unit5

1. 我不太清楚哪儿你能找到个好木工（carpenter）—— 你最好四处打听打听。(ask around) [I'm not sure where you can find a good carpenter — you'd better ask around. ]

2. 他感到有点尴尬，赶紧清了清喉咙，抬头看着墙上的画。(embarrass)

[Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.]

3. 迈克尔去世了，留下三个儿子、两个女儿和妻子伊丽沙白。(survive)

[Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.]

4. 作为金融专家，威廉建议我们投资股票市场。(stock)

[As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.]

5. 我们这些小零售商（retailer）无法和超市在价格和销售等方面竞争。(compete)

[We small retailers can't compete with supermarkets in pricing and sales.]

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It is in those moments that children and adults alike can get to know others for who they are in themselves. ―计划内时间‖源自每一天的时间安排方式，何时上学，何时完成家庭作业，何时进行音乐训练，甚至何时玩耍，一股脑儿的塞给孩子。然而，再寻常不过的是，没有任何一个时段是没有安排的。毕竟，现在谁还会让自己的孩子在街上闲逛呢？但是，恰恰就是这种―无所事事‖的时间对于深厚的交情至关重要。在这个时间段，我们只是闲逛，没有任务，没有最后期限，没有任何压力。就在这些时候，孩子也罢，成人也罢，才能真正了解同行之人。 12、Aristotle had an attractive expression to capture the thought: close friends, he observed, "share salt together." It's not just that they sit together, passing the salt across the meal table. It's that they sit with one another across the course of their lives, sharing its savor — its moments, bitter and sweet. "The desire for friendship comes quickly; friendship does not," Aristotle also remarked. It's a key insight for an age of instant social connectivity, though one in which we paradoxically have an apparently growing need to be more deeply connected.亚 里士多德曾经这样表达此意，妙不可言。他 说，亲密的朋友，是―一起吃盐的朋友‖。他 并不是说朋友们坐在一起，在饭桌上把盐传 来传去。他的意思是朋友们共享人生经历， 分享各种滋味，苦的，甜的。亚里士多德还 说过―交友的想法常常匆匆而至，但是真正的 友情往往姗姗来迟。‖这对于当今这个时代来 说是一种重要的真知灼见。因为，在这个时 代里，虽然人们能迅速建立关系，不过我们 反倒越发觉得需要更深一步结识他人。 UNIT 26、With persistence and practice, such a process can lead to lasting results. I know one Wall Street executive who sought to improve his empathy –specifically his ability to read people’s reactions and their perspectives. Before beginning his quest, the executive’s subordinates were terrified of working with him. People even went so far as to hide bad news from him. Naturally, he was shocked when finally confronted with these facts. He went home and told his family – but they only confirmed what he had heard at work. 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Ideally, they are also both honest and check them out and then utilize them in their findings so others can check them out and then utilize them in their own work. They do not claim more than they can prove, and often even less. But they are very proud of their calling and prefer to talk to other scientists rather than anybody else, especially poets, who tend to make them feel uncomfortable, to put them down.(Of course poets also feel scientists return the favor.)首 先，从事科学工作的是特殊的一类人，他们 具有特定的世界观。科学家努力保持客观、 理性，不感情用事，不会让感情妨碍他们观 察他们所说的实物和事实。科学家常常在实 验室或者他们能够严格控制研究对象的场所 工作。他们不会像诗人那样，在日落时去码 头闲逛，惊奇地观赏这个世界。典型的科学 家既朴实，又谦恭。他们总是尽量客观地汇 报他们的科学发现，以便别人能够证实并在 工作中加以运用。他们不会对自己不能证明 的事物妄加断言，甚至常常连自己能够证明 的也不去多说。然而，他们对―科学家‖这一 称谓引以为傲，更喜欢彼此相互交流，而不 太愿意和其他人交流，尤其是和诗人，因为 诗人总让他们感觉不自在，且常贬低他们。 （当然了，科学家在诗人眼里也不过如此。） 3、Second, science deals almost exclusively with things, not ideas or feelings, and with the external world and its workings, not inner states and their workings, despite the effort of some psychologists to be or seem scientific. The human body is considered to be or seem scientific. The human body is considered to be a part of the external world; the soul is not. Therefore, scientists work to understand the body but not the soul. Most scientists doubt the soul exists. The solar system and the universe are also part of the external world, although we have little enough direct evidence of their mode of existence. Scientists tend to assume the basic conditions of nature on Earth are the same everywhere in the cosmos.其次，科学的 研究对象基本上仅限于事物，而非思想或者 情感，仅限于外部世界及其运作，而非内在 状态及其运作，尽管一些心理学家也试图让 自己的工作具备或者显得有科学性。人体被 认为是外部世界的一部分，而人的灵魂则不 然。因此，科学家探索的是人的肌体，而不 是灵魂。大部分科学家怀疑灵魂的存在。太 阳系和宇宙也是外部世界的一部分，虽然我 们没有充足的直接证据来证明它们的存在模 式。科学家往往认为，地球上自然界的基本 状况无论在宇宙的何处都是一样的。 4、Mankind is only questionably part of the external world in this sense. Scientists are generally reluctant to deal with the behavior of large groups of men and women. Thus economists, for example, struggle to be considered scientists, but usually in vain. The external world of scientists contains some things, like quanta, quarks and quasars, that are