2014年上海高考英语试卷详细解析

2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试

上海英语试卷

II. Grammar and vocabulary

25. where 26. To earn 27. as soon as / as long as 28. exhausted 29. if

30. what 31. adapting 32. did

【解析】

25.本句考査非限制性定语从句，从句中结构完整，且先行词为New York，所以引导词用where.

26.本句考査非谓语动词的用法，由空后的I started work in a local café as a waiter可知，作者是为了赚钱。

27.本句考査条件状语从句，由空前的I believe that及空后的at once.可知，前后为因果关系，此句为肯定的语气，所以填as soon as / as long as。

28．此句考査动词变为形容词。空后为名词，所以用形容词修饰名词。

29.本句考査条件状语从句。句意：如果我想要有好的就业前景，我必须在城市中工作。

30.此句考査主语从句。主语从句中缺少宾语，故填what.

31.此句考査固定搭配。have difficult (in )doing sth.做某事有困难，为固定搭配。

32.此句考査倒装句。含有否定意义的副词、连词或者否定含义的短语放在句首时，用倒装。

(B)

【答案】

33. an 34. is equipped 35. which 36. myself 37. more appropriate 38. has forced 39. urging 40. to

【解析】

33.此句考査冠词的用法。单数可数名词前用a/an修饰，an用在元音（发音开头的词）之前。

34.此句考査被动语态及过去分词的形式。主语为物，故用过去式。

35.此句考査非限制性定语从句。从句中缺主语，引导词用which.

36.此句考査固定搭配。by oneself为某人自己所做。

37.此句考査比较级。与前文联系，且空前由far,故填more appropriate。

38.此句考査时代。由前文的in recent years,所以用现在完成时。

39.此句考査非谓语动词。此句结构完整，故用非谓语动词表示因果关系。

40.此句考査固定搭配。offer sth to sb/offer sb sth 提供某人某物。

Section B

【答案】

41. G 42. C 43.I 44. F 45. E 46. B 47. K 48. J 49. A 50. H

【解析】

41.在超市选购食品时，我们会关注食品的什么？当然是食品的生产日期、保质期等各方面健康安全资料，而这些内容都会在食品标签上说明。因此答案为G。

42. Commit oneself to sth , 决定某事。本句的意思是说，“自从你决定采取一种更健康的生活方式，许多益处就变得触手可得。”因此答案为C。

43.根据下文对choice architect的解释，其作用是帮助设计对食品的合理选购和放置，正好对应上文繁琐的健康饮食要求，因此是choice architect的作用是帮助减轻在这方面的压力。因此答案为I。

44.“政府不会通过法律来推行这样的健康饮食方式，比如说戒烟禁令。”因此答案为F。

45.“这样的方法结合顾客从采购顾问那儿学到了一些温和方式依旧可以自由选择。”同时根据上一句” there will be design s that gently push customers toward making healthier choices”也可以判定答案为gentle。

46.根据下文“这意味着可以区别各种食物的脂肪、糖类和盐等各种物质含量“可知这是通过食物的各种含量不同对其进行分类。因此答案为E。

47.根据上文可知，区别食物的方法就像交通信号灯一样，用三色分辨，方法很简单。“通过观察包装上的灯色可以简单地区分食物里的各种物质含量。”因此答案选择K。

48. “A green light…that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be…; and red means…。”分别解释三色灯信号的意义。答案为J。

49.通过对交通信号灯的了解我们可以确定黄灯是存在危机的暗示。因此答案为A。

50.“红灯意味着摄入食量过多，营养过剩，因此需要注意适度饮食。”因此答案为H。III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

【答案】

51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. C 58. D 59. A 60. C 61. D 62. D 63. B 64. B 65. C

【解析】

51.解析：联系前文，人们三分之二的谈话内容并不是文化或政治，也不是看过的电影，but表示转折，联系下文中的we gossip可知此处应填gossip。

52.解析：联系前文三分之二的谈话内容，以及后文的gossip，本句问的是人们习惯性地怎么来使用它。habitually表示习惯地，惯常地。

53.解析：联系后文，问的是怎样处理有关孩子、爱人以及同事等社会关系。因此选social。

54.解析：我们如此热衷于闲聊，难道我们是天生的浪费者吗？浪费时间和语言？waster浪费者。

55.解析：联系前文，Robin Dunbar不认同之前的观点，他认为闲聊是重要的vital。

56.解析：联系后文，Dunbar不认同前人的观点，所以他驳斥了传统的观点，reject驳斥，驳回。

57.解析：根据上下文，Dunbar认为不是人们能够谈论就会让人们花三分之二的时间闲聊，相反地on the contrary，而是语言演变让闲聊变得更为简单。

58.解析：Dunbar通过研究猴子等灵长类动物的行为behavior来得出他的结论。

59.解析：联系前后文可知猴子建立小群体的目的是在内部纷争或外部攻击时得到同伴的支持。contact也与前文中的conflict对应。

60.解析：联系前文，既然我们是从猴子进化而来，Dunbar就作结论：我们人类在某一时间表现的跟猴子很类似。conclude作出结论。

61.解析：联系前文，可知族群越大，它提供的保护protection也就越大。

62.解析：联系前文，族群越大，互相之间的关系和压力也就越大。因此互相树立皮毛可以缓解压力，让每个人不冲动。ease缓解。

63.解析：联系前文随着族群扩大，梳理活动的时间也得加长来保持它的作用。extend扩大，延长。

64.解析：当一般的梳理已经没用时，更需要有效的方法。efficient生效的。

65.解析：联系前文语言是有声交流，他使交流空间比之前仅仅是一对一的单个物理接触的梳理皮毛时来得更大。故选physical。

Section B

【答案】66.D 67.B 68.A 69.A

【解析】

66.解析：细节理解题。由“plover”可以定位到文章第三段，千鸟装做翅膀受伤来吸引猎食动物离开自己的巢，因此保护了幼鸟的安全。故选项D正确。

67.解析：推理判断题。由文章五，六两段可知，“chimps”这种鸟会用狡猾的手段对付自己的敌人，而且在看到事物时，通常都会自己独吞，而不是与鸟群分享。这里的“sneaky”意为卑鄙的，与“dishonest”同义，故答案B正确。有人可能错选为D选项。从文章第六段可以得出“chimps是十分自私的”这样一种结论，但这种鸟打架时的手段并不能用”selfish”

来概括。所以D选项是片面的。

68.解析：推理判断题。A选项意为“有些chimps放低它们互换同伴的声音以便能独吞食物”，这是对第六段内容的正确描述；B选项中的“won the fight”并不准确。第五段只说chimps 打架时，输的一方会用握手这种方式去偷袭赢的一方，而并不一定就获得胜利；C选项意为Cuckoos通过不筑鸟巢来欺骗领养他们孩子的父母。文章原意为，Cuckoos不筑鸟巢，而把自己的蛋下在别的鸟的鸟巢里，让自己的孩子被别的鸟养大。所以C选项也不正确；D选项中“back”错误。Scrub joys偷别的鸟的食物并把食物埋了起来而不是带回自己的鸟巢。

69.解析：主旨大意题。文中通过列举几种鸟的生活方式说明了动物之间也是存在着相互欺骗的。本文第一段最后一句“Dishonest often helps them survive”即为本文的中心思想。所以选项A正确。

【答案】70.C 71.D 72.B 73.A

【解析】

70.解析：推理判断题。根据流程图的第二个步骤中的“No”和指回“what motivates you”的那条线可以看出，如果你不喜欢这种奖励，你可以重新选一个。所以C选项正确。

71.解析：细节理解题。根据“stick to your plan most effectively”可以定位到流程图最后一个步骤，“the best way to implement a NEW Year’s resolution is to write it down”故选项D正确。

72.解析：主旨大意题。由流程图方框中的“creating a powerful new habit ”以及正文“How to make that happen”可知，本文意为告诉人们培养一个好习惯的方法。故选项B正确。73.解析：推理判断题。由流程图步骤①可知，“pick the cue”是为了“remind you to go to the gym”,所以“cue”应该是让你按照自己的计划实行的一个提示，题目中“Harry Potter Poster ”很显然充当了这一成分，所以选项A正确。

(C)

【答案】74.B 75.A 76.D 77.C

【解析】

74.解析：词义推测题。根据文章第一段“A few people have…to an unusual virtual reality device”可知，有些人体验到了进入别人身体的感觉，所以这里的”swapping”即为交换“exchange“，B选项正确。

75.解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段”As I looked down…parts”和第二段”what you see is the exact view of your partners”可知，肢体的动作会传送到参与者的感觉，选项A正确。根据文章第三段第一句”To get used to…having control of it”可知，B选项错误。C,D选项文章未提及。76．解析：细节理解题。根据”Implicit Association Text”可定位到文章第四段“you are less likely to think ill of you”所以参与这项实验的人一定具有种族歧视。D选项”be biased against”是歧视的另一种说法。

77.解析：推理判断题。A选项意为这项技术帮助人们实现梦想。文章只提及这种技术可以让人体会交换身体的感觉并未提及实现梦想；B选项意为通过实验我们对别的种族的歧视可以完全被排除，文章第四段用了“less likely”，所以B选项过于绝对；C选项为第四段的另一种表述。”less likely”不是完全排除而是意为能促进种族之间更好的交流理解；D选项与文章主旨无关。

78.根据”In some companies”可定位到第一段最后一句”shareholders”和”employees”都认为钱应放到更有用的地方。

79.根据”defensive measures of risk management ”可定位到文章第三段第一句”companies often…manage the risks”。第一句以下部分均为解决这种风险的措施。

80.根据”the third layer of CSR”可定位到文章第四段”The emphasis…create value”.

81.根据文章第六段内容，公司对于社会的责任被看错一种主流问题。所以一些公司在盈利的同时也在承担着社会责任。

第II卷（共47分）

第II卷

I．翻译共22分。

1. I'm accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.

2. It's up to you what kind of life you will lead in the future.

3. There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel program.

4. Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen.

5. While modern society, rich in material resources, has given consumers more choices, it also turns many of them into crazy shoppers.

II．写作共25分。

历年高考英语试卷英语试卷分析

。。 . . 。。. . 2005～2006学年上期期末考试 高一英语试卷分析 雅安市教科所英语组 本次高一英语考试题满分为150分，试题难易适度。但是，从全市高一6780多名学生的答题情况来看，却不容乐观。全市高一英语平均分仅为66.45分，得分率仅为0.44，最高分134分，最低分6分，差异系数33.49。这些数据基本反映出我市高一英语教学质量的现状。这些数据表明我市高一英语教学质量不高，在全省处于落后位置，形势非常严峻，须引起全市高一英语教师高度注意。为此，我们必须认真总结经验，找出差距，认真分析存在的问题，采取措施，改进教学方法，为提高英语教学质量而努力工作。 为了帮助高一英语老师搞好教学工作，我们对试题进行了统计分析(请见统计表)，并将我们的意见简述如下：

本试卷分为听力测试、单项填空、完形填空、阅读理解、写作五道大题，下面分大题进行逐题分析与探讨，并结合教学提出建议。 一、听力测试。该试题以考查对于口头语言的理解为目的，要求学生能够听懂日常交际中发音清楚、语速正常的简短对话和独白。本题满分30分，全市平均分19.57，最高分30分，最低分0分。本题是全卷中难度最低的题，难度系数为0.65。本题也是学生得分最高的题，说明学生的听力有所提高。 本题虽是学生得分最高的题，但是老师和同学们对此决不能骄傲自满。须知，本试题的难度距高考试题尚有一定的差距。在今后的教学中，教师应指导学生多听地道的标准的英美人的录音材料，在教学中应尽量用英语组织教学，鼓励学生在课堂内外大胆地主动地朗读英语，用英语进行对话，不断地提高学生们的听力水平。 二、单项填空。本试题主要考查学生对英语语法、词汇知识和较为简单的表达方式的掌握情况。本题满分25分，全市平均分11.54，最高分25分，最低分0分，难度系数为0.46。学生得分较低。 本题学生得分较低，说明不少的学生在基本的语法掌握上还有差距。本试题既注重考查语言形式，也注重考查语义内容，还注重考查语言的运用。学生得分低，说明学生在语言的运用上还存在较大的差距。 在今后的教学中，教师要指导学生掌握基本的英语语法知识、词汇知识和较为简单的表达方式，还要在此基础上培养学生在特定的语言环境中运用语言的能力。 三、完形填空。本试题主要考查学生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况，本题满分30分，全市平均分12.51分，最

上海高考英语试题

上海高考英语试题 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）

2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷） 英语试卷 本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。考试结束，将答题卡和答题卷一并交回。 考生注意： 1．本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 2．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、校验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准 考证号和效验码。 3．第Ⅰ卷（1—16小题，25—80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。考试应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。 注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。答案需要更改 时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。答案不能涂写在试卷 上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。第Ⅰ卷中的第17—24小题，第 81—84小题和第Ⅱ卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸 上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上一律不给分。 第Ⅰ卷（共105分） L listening comprehension Section A Directions In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a

question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．A．A shop assistant. B．A dentist C．An cloarician D．A bank clerk. 2．A．The exam score. B．The world news. C．A soccer match. D．A basketball team. 3．A．At a post office B．At a flower shop C．At a department store. D．At a bus station 4．A．5 hours B．7 hours C．9 hours D．10 hours 5．A．Tim’s not seriously injured B．Tim will get to the hospital quickly. C．The woman’s heard all about Tim’s illness. D．The woman doesn’t know how Tim is now. 6．A．She isn’t the mood to travel. B．France is too far for family holiday. C．Family holiday no longer interests her D．She has had too many holidays this year.

2017年高考英语上海卷【附解析】

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四、2019备考指南 1.语法知识的梳理要更加全面，侧重学生对语法知识的基本理解和灵活应用。语法知识的学习不能孤立起来，要跟各个题型的应用相结合。以定语从句为例，要掌握定语从句的基本知识点，明确在短文改错、语法填空中的考查方式；掌握阅读理解中定语从句相关的长难句分析；掌握写作中定语从句句式的灵活应用，以提高写作层次。这样语法知识的学习才能更加全面，真正理解，达到语法知识学习的根本目的。 2.词汇的学习是英语成绩提升的根本，所以要重视词汇的学习和积累。高中单词很多，要分层次的学习。重点单词要会读，会写而且掌握基本的用法及词性转换。非重点单词在阅读理解里面出现不影响理解就可以。掌握各个题型如听力、阅读、完形中的高频词汇，能提高单词学习的效率。 3.各个题型都有一定的做题方法，但最根本的还是词汇和语法知识的灵活应用，所以题型做题方法与技巧的讲解不能脱离具体题目的练习，否则学生不会掌握到任何实质性的方法和技巧。 另外，要在各个题型的讲解中，强化长难句分析的练习，通过阅读理解专项练习进行词汇的积累和文章中长难句的分析，锻炼学生在长难句中提炼关键信息的能力。 4.写作的练习要从最基础的句式开始练习，教给学生独立写句子的能力，单纯的万能句式并不能帮助学生应付所有类型的写作，所以能力的提升才是根本。另外，写作的内容越来越灵活，书信形式基本不变，但是内容上越来越多样化，甚至是倾向于结合相应的文化知识进行写作，所以需要让学生接触更多的写作形式，掌握必要的不同文化背景下的基础词汇。

上海高考英语试卷

上海高考英语试卷 语法从下列各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选初一个最佳答案。 1．What a pity my new computer doesn’t work. __________ must be something wrong with it. It B. There C. This D. That 2．E-mail, as well as telephones, _________ an important part in daily communication. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 3．_________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 4．_________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing. Which B. As C.That D. It 5．It was _______ he said _________ disappointed me. what … that B. that … that C. what … what D. that … what 6．It is not rare in _______ that people in ________ fifties are going to university for further education. 90s … the B. the 90s … / C. 90s… their D. the 90s …their 7．The director gave me a better offer than _________. that of Dick’s B. Dick’s C. he gave Dick D. those of Dick 8．—— Let me tell you something about the journalists. Don’t you remember _________ me the story yesterday? told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told 9．______ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided. Having checked B. Check If you check D. To check 10．_______ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more. For B. Even C. Since D. However 11．The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200. This means it has risen _____ 20 percent. by B. at C. to D. with 12．Books of this kind ________ well. sell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold 13．One more week, ________ we will accomplish the task. or B. so that C. and D. if 14．There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You _______ come, but why didn’t you? must have B. should need have D. ought to have 15．—— It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night. My God! ___________. So did I B. So I did C. So were you D. So did you 16．He _________ to the lab than he set out to do the experiment. has no sooner got B. no sooner got will no sooner get D. had no sooner got 17．There are five pairs _______, but I’m at a loss which t o buy. to be chosen B. to choose from to choose D. for choosing 18．—— Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? _______ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting 19．A computer does only what thinking people ________. have it do B. have it done have done it D. having it done 20．The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the __________. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars