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南京农业大学研究生英语写作考试试卷

一．改写句子

1. ①Faulty: It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields.

It was raining so hard that they could not work in the fields.

It was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields.

②Faulty: Looking out of the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.

Looking out of the window, he (she, I ) can see the grassland stretching as far as the eye can reach ③Faulty: To get ready for the trip, all the things she needed were put into a suitcase.

To get ready for the trip, she put all the things she needed into a suitcase.

④Faulty: I am going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because he is a dramatist I like.

I am going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because the speaker is a dramatist I like

2. ①(F) The professor was absorbed in work who did not notice my presence.

(T) Absorbed in work, the professor die not notice my presence.

②(F) If you start early, you will get there at noon.

(T) Starting early will get you there at noon.

3. ①(clumsy sentence) The young man drove the old truck at top speed and the motor was damaged. (improved) The young man drove the old truck at top speed and damaged the motor.

②(clumsy sentence) The professor left the classroom after the lecture was finished.

(improved sentence) The professor left the classroom after he finished the lecture.

4. ① He worked late into the night but gets up early the next morning.

He worked late into the night but got up early the next morning.

②Those who are imprisoned find it hard a job after they have been released

Those who had been imprisoned find it hard to find a job after they have been released.

补：He sat alone by himself.

In the year 1840 the Opium War broke ou t.

He returned back home after he graduated from college.

The cause of the flood was due to the heavy rain in late spring.

He was asked to repeat the sentence again.

There are more books in their library than in our library.

5. ①Crossing the bridge, our university campus came in sight.

Crossing the bridge we came in sight of our university campus.

After we crossed the bridge, we came in sight of our university campus.

②Used properly, we can make our writing vivid, impressive, and interesting.

Used properly, figures of speech can make our writing vivid, impressive, and interesting.

If we use figures of speech properly we can make our writing vivid, impressive, and interesting.

6. ①On seeing the old photo, my childhood came back to my memory.

When I saw the old photo, I recalled my childhood.

On seeing the old photo, I recalled my childhood.

②After reading the letter my heart throbbed violently.

After reading the letter I felt my heart throbbing violently.

After I had read the letter, my heart throbbed violently.

7. ①To be well-informed, reading widely is necessary.

To be well-informed, we need to read widely.

②To be admitted to college, the entrance examination must be passed.

To be admitted to college, a candidate must pass the entrance examination.

8. ① While absorbed in reading, an unexpected visitor called.

While she was absorbed in reading, an unexpected visitor called.

(2) When a child, his parents left him in the care of his grandmother.

When he was a child, his parents left him in the care of his grandmother.

二.合并句子

1. ① (short sentence): I returned to my room. There was a note under my door. It was from Bill. He said he was in the town liking for a job. He hadn’t found anything yet. He was sorry to have missed me.

(Modified) When I returned to my room, I found a note from Bill under the door. He said he was in the town looking for a job, but hadn’t found anything yet. He added that he was sorry to have missed me.

②(short sentence) That day it was very cold. A fierce wind was blowing. It was snowing hard.

(long sentence) With a heavy snow and a fierce wind, it was really a cold day.

③(short sentence ) Wang stood there before us. He talked in a low voice. His voice was earnest. We felt in him sincerity and dedication. These qualities are not common to ordinary men.

(long sentence) As Wang stood before us talking in his low but earnest voice, we felt in him sincerity and dedication not common to ordinary men

2. ①The tourists were caught in the rain and soaked through. They hurried back to the Guest House.

Caught in the rain and soaked through, the tourists hurried back to the Guest House.

②The Wuyi Mountains are noted as the most picturesque area in southeast China. The mountains extend more than 500 kilometers along the border of Fujian and Jiangxi. Extending more than 500 kilometers along the border of Fujian and Jiangxi, the Wuyi Mountains are noted as the most picturesque area in southeast China.

三.修辞

1. ①He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.

②Like water flowing on, grief will ever last.

③Our village is no less beautiful than this picture.

修辞：Simile（明喻）：The simile is one of the commonest figures of speech in all kinds of English writings. Its chief function is to draw sharp pictures in the mind through comparisons, to give deeper insight into things, persons and ideas through suggestive association, or to explain abstract, complicated ideas in simple, concrete imagery.

2. ①He loves a rosy cheek.

②My mother is a fish.

③Irrigation is the lifeblood of agriculture.

④Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.

⑤The picture of those poor people’s lives was carved so sharply in his heart that he could never forget it.

修辞：Metaphor（暗喻）：Metaphor is the most important and basic poetic figure of speech in which one thing is described in terms of another. Its chief function is quite similar to that of simile, to vivify an idea through comparison, to give deeper insight into things and persons, or to explain complicated ideas in simple imagery.

3. ①Give every man thine ear and few thy voice. (the sense of hearing)

②Would you care for a cup of Longjing? (the name of tea)

③I’m fond of Maotai. (the name of wine)

修辞：Metonymy（换喻）：Metonymy is the substitution of the name of one thing for that of another with which it is closely associated. Its function is to express an idea briefly and effectively by compressing much into a single word or a short noun phrase.

4. ①He has many mouths to feed in his family. (= people )

②The poor man is now left without a roof. ( = house )

③He earned his bread as a dustman. ( = livelihood )

④Italy beat Spain in the soccer match. ( = The Italian team beat the Spanish team. )

修辞：Synecdoche（提喻法）：Synecdoche is the substitution of a part for the whole, as in “sails” for “ships” and “hands” for “men who do manual labor ”, or the whole for the part, as in “vehicle” for “engine” and “smiling year” for “spring”.

5. ①The mother is undergoing the joyful pain, and the painful joy of childbirth.

②Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a “victorious defeat”. (Although the writer was convicted guilty by the prosecutor, he had succeeded in winning the support of audience for his teaching of evolution)

③She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile.

修辞：Oxymoron（矛盾修饰法）：Oxymoron is a kind of compressed paradox or antithesis that links together two sharply contrasting terms, which, in spite of their incongruity, actually contain a certain truth or a significant point.

6. ①He had some cheerful wine at the party. (person → thing)

②She was so worried about her son that she spent several sleepless nights. (person → thing)

③The assistant kept a respectful distance from his boss when they were walking in the corridor. (person → thing)

④He said “yes” to the question in an unthinking moment. (person → thing)

⑤The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder. (person → thing)

修辞：Transferred epithet（移就）：Transferred epithet is the transference of an adjective to a noun to which it is not wholly appropriate. This figure of speech falls into two categories.

Pets Service

Keeping pets has become a common part of people’s life. And the pet market which is a newly emerging business in recent decade has always aroused the greatest concern. What impresses us most is the gradual emergence of pets’ barbershops, pets’ canteens and clinics following the pet markets. The reason for the phenomenon are varied.

Among the various reasons profit-making plays an important part. That is to say, along with the improvement of people’s living standards, pets’ service has a big and potential market bound to boom. What is more, more and more people regard pets as their friends and want to treat them as family members. For example, they want their pets to be treated with special care when their pets are sick.

When talking about my point of view, I’m in favor of keeping pets. On the one hand, it can offer more job opportunities and stimulate the development of economy. On the other hand, keeping pets will gradually make people kinder to animals. In brief, we should be friendly with animals which are vital important to human existence.

Unemployment

With the development of market economy, the problem of unemployment keeps on going up, our society cannot remain stable. On the other hand, the unemployment makes the laid-off feel miserable and panic.

Therefore, how to relieve the pressure of unemployment is worth paying attention. Firstly, the government should issue more policies encouraging the laid-off to set up their own businesses. Secondly, the government may create more job opportunities to position the unemployed people. For example, community service which appeared recently has offered the laid-off a lot of jobs. Thirdly, from my point of view, the unemployed have to enrich their own knowledge and shills to meet the demands of the development of science and technology. In other words, the laid-off can find new jobs if they broaden their knowledge and improve their skills.

In fact, the ways to solve the unemployment are countless. It is time that we did something for the laid-off.

Advertisement can be a service to people. First, it is informative and can help people buy and sell goods. Second, it can widen people’s knowledge and make people more experienced. Lastly, people can enjoy themselves through those programs which advertisements have been put into.

Some advertisements, however, are very useful to people, sometimes even harmful. An advertisement like this, for example, may put thousands of women and girls into trouble. “Disillusioned with life, love, marriage? You need help. Phone me”. And the savoir gives his phone number to his sheep.

In modern times. Many advertisements are subjective rather than objective, persuasive rather than informative. The only purpose of these advertisements is to persuade people to buy their poorly made products. Therefore, it is wise for people to make sure if the advertisements are telling the truth.

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