2018年中考英语题型专项复习任务型阅读20篇及答案

Passage 1

The Art of the Elephants

If your cat walked across something you were painting and left footprints behind, would you consider your cat an artist? What if your bird held a colored pencil in its beak（喙）and painted on a piece of paper? Most people may think of animal art as a joke, but some people have been taking it very seriously.

Elephants were used for hundreds of years in Thailand’s logging industry(伐木业). They moved wood from forests in areas where there were no roads. At the beginning of this century, when the forests of Thailand began to quickly disappear, the government put a stop to logging. All of a sudden, many elephants in Thailand no longer had a way to make a living.

Some elephants were treated badly. Others had to try to live on their own and couldn’t find enough food to eat. There were once tens of thousands of elephants in Thailand. Today, there are less than five thousand. When two Russian American artists, Vitaly Komar and Alex Melamid, first heard about the troubled elephants in Thailand, they knew that something had to be done to forever change the way people treated Thai elephants. Then, they came up with an idea to help these elephants.

Komar and Melamid visited elephant camps in Thailand and began

to show the elephant trainers how to teach the elephants to paint. At first, the trainers had to guide the elephants’ trunks. The elephants became more comfortable doing this with practice—and lots of sweet snacks—and finally started to paint on their own. The strange idea that Komar and Melamid had to save the elephants actually began to work. They even helped found several elephant art schools in Thailand and in other Asian countries. The elephants and their trainers go there to learn about painting and get supplies they need.

Today, people begin to buy elephant artworks from galleries(画廊) all around the world. Some are even willing to pay more than ＄2,000 for the works of the elephant artists! Some people compare the cheerful, brightly-colored artworks to the works of some great abstract(抽象地) painters. Some people are just happy to buy these special and original(原创地) artworks. Others think they are helping the troubled elephants in this way. The next time you see a piece of colorful abstract art, find out who the artist is. You just may be surprised at what you learn!

1.What may most people think of animal art?

___________________________________________________________ 2. What did elephants do in Thailand’s logging industry?

___________________________________________________________ 3. How many elephants are there in Thailand today?

___________________________________________________________ 4. What was Komar and Melamid’s idea to help the elephants in Thailand?

___________________________________________________________ 5.Please list one reason why people buy elephant artworks.

___________________________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是大象艺术品。大象作画是两名俄罗斯籍的美国画家为帮助大象而想出的一个主意，即让训象师教大象作画，画作出售后，训象师和大象可以得到报酬和需要的东西。很多人喜欢大象的画作，也有人是为支持这些受苦的大象而购买这些画作的。

1. Most people may think of animal art as a joke.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：大多数人对于动物艺术的看法是什么？根据第一段最后一句“Most people may think of animal art as a joke...”可知，大多数人觉得动物艺术是笑话。

2. They moved mood from forests where there were no roads.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：大象在泰国的伐木业中从事什么工作？根据第二段第二句“They moved mood from forest s where there were no roads”可知，人们用大象在没有公路的森林中运输木头。

3. There are less than five thousand.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：现如今，在泰国有多少只大象？根据第三段第四句“Today，there are less than five thousand.”可知今天的大象数量不足5千只。

4. They showed elephants trainers how to teach elephants to paint.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Komar和Melamid想出了什么办法来帮助泰国的大象？根据第四段首句“Komar and Melamid visited the elephant camps in Thailand and began to show elephants trainers how to teach elephants to paint.”可知,两人拜访了泰国的大象营地，并给训象师展示怎样教大象绘画。

5. Some people compare the cheerful, brightly-colored artworks to the work of some great painters./ Some people are just happy to buy these special and original artworks./ Others think they are helping the troubled elephants in this way.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：请列举人们购买大象艺术作品的一个原因。根据最后一段中“Some people...Some people...Others...”可知,有些人把这些艺术比作最伟大画家的抽象艺术；有些人就是喜欢购买这种特别和原创的

艺术作品；另一些人认为以此可以帮助受苦的大象。

Passage 2

Albino Power

I was born an albino（白化病患者）in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1945. No one in my family had ever known what an albino was, what it meant to be an albino, what had to be done differently because I was an albino.

My parents and friends treated me just like they treated everybody else. They was just about the best thing they could have done. It gave me a leg up on trusting myself, so when troubles came along, I could deal with them.

Truly, my schoolbook photo always looked like a snowball with two pieces of coal for eyes. Like most albinos, I had terrible eyesight, but the fact that I could hardly see didn’t worry me all that much.

Kids laughed at me, calling me “Whitey”. People stared at me when I held reading material right at the tip of my nose so I could see it well enough to read. Even when I was eight or nine, movie theater workers started asking me to pay adult prices because I “looked older”.

The worst part for me was that because my eyesight was so bad that I couldn’t play sports very well. but I didn’t give up trying. I practiced playing basketball every day. And I studied harder.

Finally, I got better at school and loved it. By the time I got to college, I was double majoring（专业）, going to summer school and taking part in every kind of after-class activity I could find. I had learned to be proud of being an albino. I tried my best to make “albino” positive work. And I decided to make my living with my eyes—and in sports.

I couldn’t see well enough to play sports, but with a good and long-lasting education and the drive to do it, I could make a living involved in the area I loved. I’ve done it now for more than thirty years in print and in video, and now in cyberspace. People make jokes about how I’m the only “blind editor（编辑）” they know, but the jokes are friendly smiles now, and some of them are signs of respect. And I make jokes about being an albino. I have even developed an all-white routine, if you could call it that.

I was just a proud albino kid from the coal country of Pennsylvania.

I now realize that being born an albino helped me to get over difficulties, become confident, and be proud of my personal achievements.

1.How did the writer’s parents and friend s treat him?

___________________________________________________________ 2.Why couldn’t the writer play sports very well?

___________________________________________________________ 3.What was the writer doing by the time he got to college?

___________________________________________________________ 4.What does the writer think of the “blind editor” jokes now?

___________________________________________________________ 5.What does “Albino Power” mean to the writer?

___________________________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，作者天生患白化病，也正是这个白化病让作者战胜生活中的困难，获得自信。

1. Just like they treated everybody else.【解析】题干意为：作者的父母和朋友是如何对待他的？根据第二段第一句“My parents and friends treated me just like they treated everybody else.”可知答案。

2. Because his eyesight was very bad.【解析】题干意为：为什么作者不能很好的运动？根据第五段第一句“The worst part for me was that because my eyesight was so bad...”可知答案。

3. He was double majoring, going to summer school and taking part in after-class activities.【解析】题干意为：等到作者上大学了，他做了什么？根据第六段第二句“By the time I got to college, I was double majoring(专业），going to summer school and taking part in every kind ...”可知答案。

4. They are friendly smiles.【解析】题干意为：作者现在是怎样认为“盲人编辑”这个玩笑的？根据第七段倒数第三句“...but the jokes are friendly smiles...”可知答案。

5. It is the power to help him to get over difficulties,become confident,and be proud of his personal achievement.【解析】题干意为：“白化病力量”对作者来说意味着什么？根据最后一段最后一句可知答案。

Passage 3

Can you imagine a world without a writing system for your language?

It may be hard to picture it now, but a man named Sequoyah lived in such

a world. Sequoyah was a member of a native American tribe, the

Cherokee. Cherokee people speak their own language, but for hundreds

of years they did not have a system of writing. Without a writing system, the Cherokee had no newspapers or books before 1809.

Sequoyah was probably born around the year 1770 and lived with his mother in a small village in the mountains of Tennessee. When he grew up, he became a blacksmith. When he was doing business with those “English-speaking people”, he noticed that they used paper with marks to record their thoughts and ideas. Sequoyah called these pieces of paper with marks “talking leaves”. He began to wonder why people who spoke Cherokee did not have a way to write down their words.

In 1809, Sequoyah decided to give the Che rokee their own “talking leaves”. At first he tried to make a different symbol for every word in the Cherokee language. But in that case, there would be so many symbols and too hard for people to remember, so he decided to make a picture for each syllable (音节). After much hard work, Sequoyah invented 85 symbols. In order to see whether it would work, he helped his six-year-old daughter Ayoka learn each symbol and found she could learn to read and write very quickly. Sequoyah’s invention was a success!

Befor e long, Sequoyah’s writing system had spread far and wide. Cherokee people living in all different parts of the country learned to read and write. In 1825, Sequoyah’s system was made the official written language for Cherokee people. To this day, Cherokee speakers still use Sequoyah’s writing system. In some parts of the United States, you can

see street signs and billboards written in both English and Cherokee. Sequoyah will always be remembered for his important contribution to Cherokee people.

1.Did the Cherokee have newspapers before 1809?

___________________________________________________________ 2.What did Sequoyah call the pieces of paper with marks?

___________________________________________________________ 3.How many symbols did Sequoyah invent in the Cherokee language?

___________________________________________________________ 4.When was Sequoyah’s system made the official written language?

___________________________________________________________ 5.Why will Sequoyah always be remembered?

___________________________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，文中主要介绍了塞阔雅（Sequoyah）对切诺基语的发展所做出的巨大贡献。

1. No.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在1809年之前，Cherokee有报纸吗？根据第一段最后一句“Without a writing system, the Cherokee had no newspapers or books before 1809.”可知答案是否定的。

2. Talking leaves.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Sequoyah把带有符号的纸张称为什么？根据第二段倒数第二句“Sequoyah called these pieces of paper with marks ‘talking leaves’.”可知，他把这些带有符号的纸张称为“说话的树叶”。

3. 85.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在切诺基语中，Sequoyah发明了多少符号？根据第三段第四句中“After much hard work, Sequoyah invented 85 symbols.”可知，Sequoyah发明了

85个符号。

4. In 182

5.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Sequoyah的书写系统什么时候成为了官方的书面语？根据最后一段第三句“In 1825, Sequoyah’s system was made the official written language for Cherokee people.”可知，Sequoyah的书写系统在1825年成为了官方的书面语。

5. Because of/For his important contribution to Cherokee people. / Because he created the writing system for Cherokee language. / Because he made the official written language for Cherokee people.【解析】题干意为：Sequoyah为什么会被人们永远纪念?阅读短文可知，Sequoyah为切诺基人的语言发展做出了巨大的贡献，据此表述即可，答案不唯一。

Passage 4

Garbage（垃圾）Island

You can’t see it from the air. It’s almost impossible to see from a ship. But somewhere in the North Pacific is a huge island of garbage, just below the water surface.

What is the island made of?

The garbage island is not an island, but a collection of millions of plastic and other objects（物体）. The water movements of the Pacific Ocean bring the objects together and cause them to go around in a big circle.

Charles Moore found it in 1997 and named it “the Great Pacific Garbage Patch”.

Where does all the plastic come from?

Much of the garbage comes from everyday objects, such as shopping bags and water bottles. Some of these objects finally reach the ocean.

Garbage from the western coast of North America takes about six years to reach it. Objects from East Asia take about a year. Other garbage comes from ships passing through the area.

Is the Garbage Patch dangerous?

The larger pieces of garbage are a problem for wildlife. For example, sea turtles（海龟）and seabirds often think the plastic is their food. They eat the plastic and die.

In addition, the plastic stops sunlight from reaching deeper water. Without sunlight, very small sea animals die. Then, there is less food for larger fish to eat.

What can we do to help stop it?

Cleaning up the island isn’t easy. But we can make pe ople realize the problem. One environmentalist（环保主义者），David de Rothschild, is sailing around the world on a boat made of plastic bottles to teach people about the problem of garbage in the sea.

Another idea is that we can recycle the plastic garbage. Environmental engineer Cesar Harada is building a robot that collects pieces of plastic. Harada hopes to use his robot in the Pacific. Harada also has a website for reporting environmental problems. He says, “I hope everybody can become an environmental activi st.”

1.What is the garbage made of?

___________________________________________________________ 2.How long does it take objects from East Asia to reach the island?

___________________________________________________________ 3.Is the garbage island dangerous?

___________________________________________________________ 4.Why is David de Rothschild sailing on a bottle boat?

___________________________________________________________ 5.According to the writer, what can we do to help stop garbage island?

___________________________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍目前北太平洋的垃圾污染问题以及环保主义者对社会的倡议。

1. It is made of millions of plastic and other objects. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：垃圾是由什么组成的？根据第二段中“but a collection of millions of plastic and other objects（物体）.”可知垃圾是由数百万塑料及其他物品组成。

2. About a year. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：物品从东亚到这个岛需要多久？根据第四段中“Objects form East Asia take about a year.”可知需要大约一年的时间。

3. Yes, （it is）. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：岛上的垃圾危险吗？根据第五段中海龟和海鸟把垃圾当成食物，之后死亡的例子，可知岛上的垃圾是危险的。

4. Because he wants to teach people about the problem of garbage in the sea. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：David de Rothschild 为何用瓶子船航行？根据第六段中“David de Rothschild, is sailing around the world on a boat made of plastic bottles to teach people about the problem of garbage in the sea.”故可知答案。

5. We can make people realize the problem and recycle the plastic garbage. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为: 根据作者，我们能做什么来帮助阻止垃圾岛的形成？根据文章第六段中“but we can make people realize the problem”和第七段中“Another idea is that we can recycle the plastic

garbage.”可知有两个办法来阻止垃圾岛的形成，故可知答案。

Passage 5

People can’t see you when you’re sp eaking on the phone, but they can hear you. So, the way you speak is especially important. In fact, researchers have found that 80% of communication over the phone is through your tone（语气）of voice; and only 20% is from the words you use. Here are our top tips on how to speak over the phone.

1. Facial Expressions

Your facial expressions can influence your voice. For example, if you smile, your voice will sound warm and friendly, just the opposite, if you have an angry look on your face, it can make you sound unpleasant.

2. V olume（音量）

If you speak too loudly, you could sound angry. And if you speak too softly, it’ll be difficult to hear you. So, speak loudly enough to be heard clearly, but not so loud that you’re shouting.

3. Pace

The pace of your voice is how quickly you speak. And this can show how you feel. For example, an angry person might speak faster than normal. Or a downhearted person might speak very slowly. Try speaking a little more slowly than normal. This will make you sound confident, and it’ll make it easier for the other person to understand you.

4. Gestures（手势）

Gesturing can influence the tone of your voice. When you gesture, you bring more air into the lungs, which can make your voice sound warmer. Gestures are also useful to help you stress the right words or even find the words you need. The best thing about gesturing during a phone call is that no one can see what you’re doing, so you can gesture as wildly as you like!

5. Movement

If you’re feeling nervous, stand up and move around. It will reduce the nervousness in your body and help your voice to sound more confident.

6. Pauses（停顿）

Using pauses every now and then can help you to slow down. This will make you sound more confident and in control. Also, if you pause after giving some new info rmation, it’ll give the other person time to understand it. At the same time, listen to how the other person uses pauses. They could tell you something about the speaker’s feeling. For example, when a speaker is really angry, he might use pauses and say, “I... am... so... angry...”

1.Can your facial expressions influence your voice?

___________________________________________________________

2.What is the pace of voice?

___________________________________________________________ 3.What is the best thing about gestures during phone call?

___________________________________________________________ 4.What can people do to reduce their nervousness on the phone?

___________________________________________________________ 5.What is the passage mainly about?

___________________________________________________________ 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，文中提供了六条就如何有效用电话沟通的小建议。

1. Yes, it can.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：你的面部表情会影响你的声音吗？根据Facial Expressions中的第一句“Your facial expressions can influence your voice.”可知答案是肯定的。

2. The pace of your/our voice is how quickly you/we speak.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：什么是声音的速度？根据Pace中第一句“The pace of your voice is how quickly you speak.”可知，声音的速度就是你说话有多快。

3. No one can see what you’re doing.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：打电话时，关于手势的最好的一件事是什么？根据Gestures中的最后一句“The best thing about gesturing during a phone call is that no one can see what you’re doing...”可知，打电话时，关于手势的最好的一件事就是没有人能看到你正在做什么。

4. Stand up and move around.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：打电话时，人们能做什么来减少焦虑？根据Movement中的第一句...stand up and move around.”可知站起来四处走走可以减少焦虑。

5. Top tips on how to speak over the phone. 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要是关于什么的？根据第一段最后一句“Here are our top tips on how to speak over the phone.”可知文章主要介绍了六条如何有效用电话沟通的小建议。

Passage 6

Spiderman is one of the most famous comic book heroes of all time. He was created by Stan Lee in 1963 and was first introduced to the world in the pages of Marvel comic books.

Spiderman’s story is the story of Peter Parker, a child who lost his parents and lives with his aunt and uncle. Peter is a shy, quiet boy wearing glasses and has few friends. One day, on a high school class trip to a science lab, he gets bitten by a special spider. Soon Peter realizes he has amazing powers: he is as strong and quick as a spider and also has a type of sixth sense. He no longer needs his glasses and he can use his super power to fly through the city streets! Remembering something his Uncle Ben has told him, that “with great power, there must also come great responsibility,”Peter decides to use his powers to fight against enemies who do cruel things to people. And so, Spiderman is born.

Life is not easy for Peter even though he is a superhero. He is in love with Mary Jane but cannot tell her about his amazing powers. Besides, his best friend Harry hates Spiderman! Peter is also short of money and time. He has to sell photos of Spiderman (himself!) to a newspaper and he keeps losing his other jobs because he’ s so busy saving people! Yet he has to fight different kinds of cruel enemies.

1.Who created Spiderman?

___________________________________________________________

2.Where does Peter go on his high school class trip?

___________________________________________________________ 3.What happened to Peter after he was bitten by the spider?

___________________________________________________________ 4.How is Spiderman born at last?

___________________________________________________________ 5.What kind of life is Peter living?

___________________________________________________________ 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了蜘蛛人的诞生过程。

1. Stan Lee.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：谁创造了蜘蛛人？根据第一段第二句“He created by Stan Lee in 1963”可知蜘蛛人是由斯坦?李创造的，故填Stan Lee。

2. He goes to a high school class trip to a science lab.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在上高中的时候，他在班级旅行的时候去了哪里？根据第二段第三句“One day，on a high school class trip to a science lab”可知在高中的班级旅行的时候去了一个科学实验室。故填He goes to

a high school class trip to a science lab.

3. He has amazing powers.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在被蜘蛛咬了之后，彼得发生了什么事？根据第二段第四句“Soon Peter realizes he has amazing powers”可知在被蜘蛛咬了之后，彼得很快就发生他拥有惊人的力量。故填He has amazing powers.

4. Spiderman is born when Peter decided to use his powers to fight against enemies who do cruel things to people at last.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：最后蜘蛛人是怎么诞生的呢？根据第二段倒数第二句“Peter decides to use his powers to fight against enemies who do cruel things to people.”可知他决定用他的超能力来和对人民残暴的敌人作斗争，这样蜘蛛人就诞生了。故填Spiderman is born when Peter decided to use his powers to fight enemies who do cruel things to people at last.

5. He’s living a magical life with his amazing powers but life is not easy for him with difficult reasons.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：彼得过着什么样的生活？根据第三段前三句“Life is

not easy for Peter even though he is a superhero. He is in love with Mary Jane but cannot tell her about his amazing powers. Besides, his best friend Harry hates Spiderman! Peter is also short of money and time. ”可知虽然自己有超能力，但是有时生活也并不容易。故填He’s living a magical life with his amazing powers but life is not easy for him with difficult reasons.

Passage 7

Today in our P. E. class, we all had to play basketball. There are only 7 girls in our P.E. class, so the class is mostly boys. And because we’re girls, they don't really like us. We hate basketball, and they hate us. So we asked them if we could sit on the chairs and not play. They agreed and so we talked and laughed happily on the chairs.

Well, today, Just while all the girls were talking happily, the P. E. teacher came in. Angrily, he looked at all the boys running around with the basketball. Seeing that not a girl was playing, he looked at us. Shaking his head, he blew his whistle( 哨子). Everyone looked up. We were all surprised.

“Why aren't you playing?” he asked us.

“Well，they said that we didn’t have to play，Mr. Backus!” We quickly blamed(归咎于) the boys, afraid to get into trouble.

“What? They didn't want to play!” the boys didn't want to get into trouble, either. Mr. Backus told us to get up and made all of us run around the playground for 5 minutes. Later, he made us sit down and listen to him. The boys complained, but he made them listen anyway.

“Am I ever unfair to you?” he asked. We all shook our heads. It was

true. Mr. Backus was the nicest P. E. teacher ever! He never shouted and complained. He was just nice. “Well, then I hope you are fair to me. I don t care whose fault(错误) it was. One person’s fault, the whole class’s fault. Understand?”

We nodded and waited. It was the only thing he ever asked us to do: to be fair. It was not much; it was not anything. So we listened on.

“This time I catch you not doing anything, you run for 5 minutes. Next time. you run fo r 10 minutes. It’s your choice. You could play games or run. I don’t really care, but I think you care. Remember, one person's fault: the whole class's fault. Got it?”

As we nodded again, he left. We could see him smile as he closed the door. Mr. Backus was just too nice. That was why we all liked him and he certainly loved us.

1.Do the girls in the class like basketball?

___________________________________________________________ 2.What did the girls do in their P. E. class?

___________________________________________________________ 3.How long did Mr. Backus ask the students to run?

___________________________________________________________ 4.What did the students think of Mr. Backus?

___________________________________________________________ 5.What did Mr. Backus want his students to learn from his lesson?

___________________________________________________________ 简答：

1. No, they don’t.

2. They talked and laughed happily on the chairs.

3. For 5 minutes.

4. He was nice / a good teacher.

5. They should be responsible for what they do.

Passage 8

Dealing with sleep-away Camp

I have never been away from home, at least not for more than three days, much less two whole weeks. When I got the chance to go to Journalism Camp, I was afraid. Of the 19 other students there, I Knew no one.

What if I had to go home during camp time because I wouldn't be able to get used to the new situation? What if my roommate and I don't get along? How do I even use a washing machine?

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Units 9-10 对接中考 Ⅰ.单项选择 1．[2017·邵阳]—Frank, where is your father? —He isn't at home now. He ________ New York. A．has gone to B．has been to C．goes to 2．[2017·长沙]Shared bikes, which are environmentally friendly ________ quite popular among big cities in China since last April. A．became B．have become C．will become 3．[2017·永州]Mount Yangming is fantastic. ________ you ever ________ it? A．Have; visited B．Was; visiting C．Do; visit 4．[2016·永州]—________ you ever ________ to the Great Wall? —Yes. Three times. A．Has; been B．Have; been C．Have; gone 5．[2016·土家]族—________ you ever ________ to Zhangjiajie? —Yes. I went there last summer. A．Do; go B．Have; been C．Have; gone 6．[2016·怀化]—May I speak to Mr. Smith? —Sorry, he isn't in. He ________ Changsha. A．has been to B．has gone to C．went to 7．[2016·常德]The Smiths ________ many places of interest since two years ago. A．visit B．have visited C．visited 8．[2016·邵阳]There are ________ students in our school. A．hundreds B．hundreds of C．hundred of 9．[2015·郴州]—The book Journey to the West is very popular. —Yeah, more than ________ students in our school bought it. A．three hundred B．three hundreds C．hundred of 10．[2015·常德]I only started taking French classes last week and I ________ 50 French words already. A．learned B．learn C．have learned Ⅱ.中英互译 1．无论你是谁，你都不能酒后驾车。 ________________________________________________________________________ 2．我不喜欢艳丽的颜色，尤其是红色。 ________________________________________________________________________ 3．我发现画画很有意思。 ________________________________________________________________________ 4．I regard you as my best friend and I admire you for your encouragement and kindness. ________________________________________________________________________ 5．It's unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way! ________________________________________________________________________