CATTI《英语笔译综合能力》二级 修订版 词汇与语法自检测试 试题与解析 35-37页

CATTI《英语笔译综合能力》（二级）（修订版）词汇与语法自检测试试题与

解析35-37页

《英语笔译综合能力》（二级）（修订版）2011年9月第二版

第三单元词汇与语法自检测试

测试一

Part 1 试题及解析

1. I tried very hard to restrain my laugh, but tears started flowing down my cheeks and

I began____.

A. proffering

B. defrauding

C. guffawing

D. deflecting

2. Human relations seem stubbornly set. Wars have not been abolished, labor troubles have not ____ , and racial tensions are still with us.

A. limited

B. abated

C. solved

D. reduce

3. No set of texts can be fully relied on; the information from the texts has been analyzed and ____by a team of lexicographers.

A. appraised

B. apprised

C. appreciated

D. apprehended

4. Scientists succeeded in transmitting a skin wart from a wild rabbit to domestic rabbits. Moreover, in the domestic rabbits the warts were no longer ____ , but malignant.

A. sluggish

B. ineffable

C. benign

D. philanthropic

5. The announcement will_____the rumors of a takeover that have plagued the company for the past 18 months.

A. append

B. scotch

C. exhort

D. exhale

6. A ____ is a grill on which meat, fish, and other foods are cooled over hot charcoal, usually out of doors.

A. duet

B. fag

C. tonic

D. barbecue

7. Many animals display _____instincts only while their offspring are young and helpless.

A. cerebral

B. imperious

C. rueful

D. maternal

8. According to the census ____, female life expectancy will increase from 78.3 in year 1981 to 81.3 in year 2005.

A. frame

B. approach

C. regulation

D. projection

9. As a politician, she has to have the_____ of inspiring confidence in her listeners.

A. fluke

B. knack

C. frenzy

D. venison

10. Willpower isn’t immutable ____ we’re either born with or not. It is a skill that can be developed, strengthened and targeted to help us achieve our goals.

A. trait

B. traitor

C. character

D. temperament

11. Sons of high-ranking females may remain at the center of the troop while others are driven to the__________.

A. periphery

B. perverse

C. rewarding

D. salutary

12. He developed a habit of____ after dinner every day so that he can work more diligently in the afternoon.

A. snort

B. siesta

C. snarl

D. benefaction

13. The rope bridge over the river was so ____that only one person at a time could use it.

A. precarious

B. stiff

C. broad

D. tenuous

14. The authorities will____ your license if you get another speeding ticket.

A. evoke

B. provoke

C. revoke

D. invoke

15. You had the ______situation in which Luxembourg had more listed public bathing beaches than the whole of the United Kingdom.

A. luminous

B. luculent

C. lubricant

D. ludicrous

16. Two months later a ____ calling itself the "New Opposition" issued a circular to all members.

A. faction

B. retribution

C. rector

D. screenplay

17. In a world where you can tell the rich from the poor by their Internet connections, the poverty line____ the high-speed-digital line.

A. trip out

B. trigger out

C. trigger of

D. trip over

18. But with industrialization____ , the HRS is facing a two-pronged challenge: the increase in idle farmland and the pressing demand to convert farmland into agricultural corporate holdings.

A. in full gale

B. on full gale

C. in full gear

D. on full gear

19. Although the members of Parliament wanted to go home, no hope for an early____ could be entertained.

A. postponement

B. compromise

C. adjustment

D. adjournment

20. Philosophical problems arise when people ask questions that, though very

_______ , have certain characteristics in common.

A. diverse

B. abstract

C. elementary

D. relevant

答案及解析

1. C

proffer

v [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth(to sb) (fml 文) offer sth 提供﹑提出某事物: He refused the proffered assistance. 他拒绝接受向他提供的帮助. * She proffered (him) her resignation. 她（向他）提交了辞呈. * May we proffer you our congratulations? 请让我们向你表示祝贺.

defraud

v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (of sth) get sth from sb by deception; cheat sb 从某人处骗取某物; 欺骗某人: She was defrauded of her money by a dishonest accountant. 她的钱被一个奸诈的会计骗去了.

guffaw

v (derog 贬) [I] give a noisy laugh 哄笑; 大笑.

guffaw是题干中laugh的近义词

deflect

[Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) (fig 比喻) turn sb away from his intended course of action 使某人改变原来的计划: not easily deflected from one's purpose/aim 不容易改变自己的意图[目的].

A/B/D三项词义不对，词性也不对，此处应填不及物动词

2. B

limit/solve/reduce都是及物动词，应为have not been limited/solved/reduced abated

[I, Tn] (formal) (of wind, noise, pain, etc) make or become less （指风力﹑声音﹑痛苦等）减小, 减少, 减轻: The ship sailed when the storm had abated. 那船在暴风雨减弱後启航了. * People are campaigning to abate the noise in our cities. 大家正在进行一场减低城市噪音的运动.

原文出处：

While the roots of social psychology lie in the intellectual soil of the whole western

tradition, its present flowering is recognized to be characteristically an American phenomenon. One reason for the striking upsurge of social psychology in the United States lies in the pragmatic tradition of this country. National emergencies and conditions of social disruption provide special incentive to invent new techniques, and to strike out boldly for solutions to practical social problems.

Social psychology began to flourish soon after the First World War. This event, followed by the great depression of the 1930s, by the rise of Hitler, the genocide of Jews, race riots, the Second World War and the atomic threat, stimulated all branches of social science. A special challenge fell to social psychology. The question was asked: How is it possible to preserve the values of freedom and individual rights under condition of mounting social strain and regimentation? Can science help provide and answer? This challenging question led to burst of creative effort that added much to our understanding of the phenomena of leadership, public opinion, rumor, propaganda, prejudice, attitude change, morale communication, decision-making, race relations, and conflicts of war.

Reviewing the decade that followed World War II, Cartwright [1961] speaks of the “excitement and optimism” of American social psychologists, and notes “the tremendous increase in the total number of people calling themselves social psychologists.” Most of these, we may add, show little awareness of the history of their field.

Practical and humanitarian motives have always played an important part in the development of social psychology, not only in America but in other lands as well. Yet there have been discordant and dissenting voices. In the opinion of Herbert Spencer in England, of Ludwig Gumplowicz in Austria, and William Graham Sumner in the United States, it is both futile and dangerous for man to attempt to steer or to speed social change. Social evolution, they argue, requires time and obeys laws beyond the control of man. The only practical service of social science is to warn man not to interfere with the course of nature [or society]. But these authors are in a minority. Most social psychologists share with Comte an optimistic view of man’s chances to better his way of life. Has he not already improved his health via biological sciences? Why should he not better his social relationships via social sciences? For the past century this optimistic outlook has persisted in the face of slender accomplishment to date. Human relations seem stubbornly set. Wars have not been abolished, labor troubles have not abated, and racial tensions are still with us. Give us time and give us money for research, the optimists say.

3. A

appraise v [Tn] assess the value or quality of (sb/sth) 评价; 估价; 鉴定; 评定: appraise a student's work 评定学生的作业* an appraising glance 估量的眼光* It would be unwise to buy the house before having it appraised. 买房子不事先估价是

不明智的.

apprise

v [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sb of sth (fml 文) inform sb of sth 将某事

通知某人: I was apprised of the committee's decision. 我已获悉委员会的决定apprehend

[Tn] (fml 文) seize (sb); arrest 逮捕; 拘押: The thief was apprehended (by the police) in the act of stealing a car. 窃贼在偷汽车时当场被（警察）抓住.

4. C

题干生词：

wart

small hard dry growth on the skin 疣; 瘊子.

题干关键词：

malignant

(a) (of a tumour) growing uncontrollably, and likely to prove fatal （指肿瘤）恶性的, 致命的: The growth is not malignant. 这个瘤不是恶性的.

选项辨析：

sluggish

adj slow-moving; not alert or lively; lethargic 行动迟缓的; 不机警或不活泼的; 无

精打采的: a sluggish stream, pulse 流速缓慢的溪流﹑跳动缓慢的脉搏* sluggish traffic, conversation 缓慢行驶的车辆﹑无生气的谈话* These tablets make me feel rather sluggish. 我吃了这些药片感到困倦无力.

ineffable

adj (fml 文) too great to be described in words 不可言喻的; 难用言语表达的; 不可言状的: ineffable joy, beauty, etc 难以形容的喜悦﹑美丽等.

benign

(of a tumour, etc) not likely to spread or recur after treatment; not dangerous （指肿瘤等）良性的, 无危险的.

与malignant是反义词

philanthropic

adj of or inspired by philanthropy 博爱的; 慈善的; 仁慈的: philanthropic organizations, eg to help poor or disabled people 慈善机构* philanthropic motives 仁慈的动机.

5. B

题干生词：

plague [Tn] cause trouble or difficulty to (sb/sth) 给（某人[某事物]）造成麻烦或困难: a construction schedule plagued by bad weather 因天气恶劣受阻的工程进度.

选项辨析：

append

v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) (fml 文) attach or add sth (esp in writing) 附加, 添上或增补某事物（尤指文字）: append one's signature to a document 在文件上加上署名* append an extra clause to the contract 在合同上增加一项条款.

scotch

v [Tn] (a) stop (esp a rumour, etc) being believed 遏止, 阻止（尤指谣言等）: His arrival in the capital scotched reports that he was dead. 他抵达首都一事止住了说他已死的传言. (b) stop (a plan, etc) being accepted or carried out 阻止（计画等）. exhort

v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t] ~ sb (to sth) (fml 文) advise sb strongly or earnestly; urge sb 劝告, 规劝或告诫（某人）: The chairman exhorted the party workers to action. 主席敦促党的工作人员采取行动. * The teacher exhorted him to work hard. 教师谆谆告诫他要用功.

exhale

v [I, Tn] (fml 文)

1. breathe (sth) out 呼出（某物）: She exhaled slowly to show her annoyance. 她长吁着气以示厌烦. * exhale air from the lungs 从肺中呼出气来* exhale smoke 吐出

烟雾.

2. give off or expel (gas or vapour) 散发或排出（气体）.

6. D

题干关键词：

grill (a) device on a cooker that directs heat downwards for cooking meat, toasting bread, etc （热力自上而下的）烤架: an electric grill 电烤架* an eye-level grill 平视烤架* Put it under the grill for a minute to brown the top. 放在烤架下烤一分钟

把上部烤成金黄色. * [attrib 作定语] a grill pan 焙盘. (b) gridiron (for cooking on) （热力自下而上的）烤架.

选项辨析：

duet

(also duo) n piece of music for two players or singers 二重奏曲; 二重唱曲: a duet for violin and piano 小提琴和钢琴的二重奏曲* We sang a duet. 我们唱了一曲二重唱.

fag

[sing, U] (infml 口) tedious and tiring job 沉闷而又吃力的工作: I've got to tidy my room. What a fag! 我得整理自己的房间. 真是累人的事. * It's too much (of a) fag. 这工作真叫人吃不消.

2. [C] (Brit infml 口) cigarette 香烟.

3. [C] (Brit) (formerly) junior boy at a public school performing certain duties for a senior boy （旧时）公学中为高年级男生服务的低年级男生.

tonic

n 1. [C, U] medicine that gives strength or energy, taken after illness or when tired补药; 滋补品.

2. [C usu sing 通常作单数] (fig 比喻) anything that makes people feel healthier or happier 使人感到健康或快乐的事物: Praise can be a fine tonic. 赞美的话有时真让

人感到美滋滋的. * The good news acted as a tonic on us all. 那个好消息使我们大

家欢欣鼓舞. * [attrib 作定语] the tonic effects of sea air 海上空气的保健作用.

3. [C, U] = tonic water.

4. [C] (music 音) keynote 主音.

# `tonic water (also tonic) mineral water flavoured with quinine 汤尼水（以奎宁调味的含矿物质的饮料）: a bottle of tonic water 一瓶汤尼汽水* a gin and tonic 杜松子酒加汤尼水* Two tonic waters/tonics, please. 请来两份汤尼汽水.

barbecue

n 1. [C] metal frame for cooking meat, etc over an open fire （在篝火上烤肉等用的）金属烤架.

7. D

题干关键词：

instinct

n. natural feeling that makes one choose to act in a particular way 直觉:

* The sight of the helpless little boy aroused her maternal instinct(s). 她看见那孤苦无助的小男孩激发了她的母性.

offspring

n (pl unchanged 复数不变) (fml 文) (a) child or children of a particular person or couple （某人或某夫妇的）孩子, 子女: She's the offspring of a scientist and a musician. 她是一位科学家和一位音乐家的女儿. * Their offspring are all very clever. 他们的子女都很聪明.

选项辨析：

cerebral

intellectual (rather than emotional) 理智的（非感情的）: His poetry is very cerebral. 他的诗很有理性.

imperious

adj (fml 文) proud and arrogant; domineering; expecting obedience 傲慢的; 飞扬跋扈的; 专横的: an imperious look, command, gesture 飞扬跋扈的样子﹑专横的命令﹑傲慢的姿势.

rueful

a.悔恨的

maternal

of or like a mother （似）母亲的: maternal affection, feelings, duties, etc 母亲的爱﹑感情﹑责任等* She feels very maternal towards him. 她对他充满母爱.

8. D

frame/approach/regulation词义明显不对，在此不赘述

projection

[C] estimate of future situations or trends, etc based on a study of present ones 对未来形势的估计; 预测; 推断: sales projections for the next financial year 对下一财政年度销售情况的预测.

9. B

fluke

n (usu sing 通常作单数) (infml 口) thing that is accidentally successful; lucky stroke in a game 侥幸的成功; （在比赛中）侥幸击中: Passing the exam was a real fluke he didn't work for it at all. 他考试及格实在是侥幸, 因为他根本没下过功夫. * That shot was a sheer fluke. 那完全是靠侥幸击中的.

knack

n [sing] skill at performing some special task; ability 技巧; 诀窍: Making an omelette is easy once you've got the knack (of it). 一旦你掌握了煎蛋饼的技巧, 做起来就很容易了. * There's a knack in/to locking this door which takes a while to master. 锁这门要有窍门, 得用些时间才能学会. * I used to be able to skate quite well, but I've lost the knack. 我从前滑水滑得很不错, 可现在没有这本事了.

frenzy

n [sing, U] state of extreme excitement; extreme and wild activity or behaviour 极度

激动的状态; 极度狂乱的活动或行为: in a frenzy of zeal, enthusiasm, hate, etc 疯狂的激情﹑热情﹑仇恨等* The speaker worked the crowd up into a (state of) frenzy. 演讲者煽动起群众疯狂的情绪.

venison

n [U] flesh of a deer used as meat （食用的）鹿肉: roast venison 烤鹿肉.

10. 原文出自1997年英语专业八级考试真题

TEXT E

Willpower isn’t immutable trait we’re either born with or not. It is a skill that can be developed, strengthened and targeted to help us achieve our goals.

题干关键词：

immutable

adj (fml 文) that cannot be changed; that will never change 不可改变的; 永恒不变的: an immutable decision 不可更易的决定* immutable principles/laws 永恒不变的原则[规律].

选项辨析：

trait

n element in sb's personality; distinguishing characteristic 人的个性; 显着的特点;

特徵: One of his less attractive traits is criticizing his wife in public. 他有个不大讨人喜欢的特点, 就是爱当众责备妻子.

traitor

n ~ (to sb/sth) 1 person who betrays a friend, his country, a cause, etc 背叛者; 卖国贼; 叛徒: He's a traitor to himself, ie has acted against his own principles. 他背叛了

自己的信条.

词义明显不对，词型与trait相近，为干扰项

由题干得知此处填不可数名词，character作不可数名词的含义：

[U] (a) striking individuality 显着的个性: drab houses with no character 没有特色的单调房屋. (b) moral strength 道德的力量; 品格; 品德: a woman of character 有道德的女子* It takes character to say a thing like that. 说那样的话需要有骨气. * Some people think military service is character-building. 有些人认为服兵役能陶冶

情操.

temperament

n [C, U] person's nature as it affects the way he thinks, feels and behaves 气质; 性情; 禀性: I've got a very nervous temperament. 我很神经质. * a man with an artistic temperament 有艺术家气质的男子* The two brothers have entirely different temperaments. 他们兄弟俩的性情完全不同. * To be a champion, skill is not enough you have to have the right temperament. 要当冠军, 光有技巧还不够--还必须有相

应的禀赋. * Opera singers often display a lot of temperament, ie are moody or excitable. 歌剧演员的性情常常不稳定（情绪多变或爱激动）.

A, C, D三项词义相近，容易混淆，需要仔细体味题干语意再做出最匹配的选择。

11. A

periphery

(fig 比喻) (esp in social, political or intellectual life) position far away from the centre; the fringe （尤指社交﹑政治或文化生活的）外围, 边缘: The ideas are also expressed by minor poets on the periphery of the movement. 该运动外围一些不大出名的诗人也表达了这些观点.

perverse/rewarding/salutary都是形容词，而此处需填名词

12. B

snort

n 1 act or sound of snorting 喷鼻息; 打响鼻; 发哼声; （从鼻孔）吸毒: give a snort of contempt 轻蔑地哼了一声* She could not conceal a snort of laughter. 她忍不住

扑哧一笑.

2 (infml 口) small drink of alcohol swallowed in one gulp （供一口喝下的）一小杯酒.

3 (sl 俚) small amount of a drug that is sniffed （用鼻孔吸入的）少量毒品: a quick snort of cocaine 用鼻孔匆匆吸些可卡因.

siesta

n rest or sleep taken in the early afternoon, esp in hot countries 午睡（尤指在气候炎热国家的）; 午後小睡: have/take a siesta 睡午觉.

snarl

n (infml 口) confused state; tangle 混乱; 纠缠: My knitting was in a terrible snarl. 我织的东西都乱成一团了.

benefaction

n (fml 文) 1. [U] action of giving or doing good 善行; 善举.

2. [C] gift; donation 赠品; 捐赠: She made many charitable benefactions. 她作过很多慈善捐赠.

13. D

precarious

adj. unsteady; unsafe 不稳固的; 不安全的: He was unable to get down from his precarious position on the rocks. 他无法从岩石危险的位置上下来.

stiff明显无关，不赘述

broad

adj. large in size from one side to the other; wide 宽的; 阔的; 广的: a broad street, avenue, river, canal, etc 宽阔的街道﹑林荫道﹑河流﹑运河等

与题干意思相反

tenuous

adj. thin; slender 薄的; 细的: the tenuous threads of a spider's web 蜘蛛网的细丝.

14. C

evoke

v. bring to mind (a feeling, memory, etc); summon up 引起或唤起（感情﹑记忆等）: The music evoked memories of her youth. 这乐曲勾起她对青年时期的回忆. provoke与人或表示情感的词搭配，而题干是“your license”。

revoke

[Tn] (fml 文) withdraw or cancel (a decree, permit, etc) 撤消或废除（法令等）; 吊销（许可证）: revoke orders, promises 撤消命令﹑允诺* His driving licence was revoked after the crash. 他撞车後驾驶执照吊销了.

invoke

v (fml 文) 1. [Tn] use (sth) as a reason for one's action 援用（某事物）为行动依据或理由: The government has invoked the Official Secrets Act in having the book banned. 政府援引国家机密保密法以禁该书.

2. [Tn] (a) call upon (God, the power of the law, etc) for help or protection 祈求（上帝）的保佑; 求助於（法律的力量等）. (b) summon (sth) up (as if) by magic （似）用法术召唤（某事物）: invoke evil spirits 用法术召来恶鬼.

3. [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on/upon sb/sth) beg for sth (as if) by praying （似）以祷告祈求某事物: invoke help, assistance, etc in a desperate situation 在走投无路时祈祷求救

﹑求助等* invoke vengeance (up)on one's enemies 求神降祸给敌人.

15. D

luminous

adj 1. giving out light; bright 发光的; 光亮的: luminous paint, ie paint that glows in the dark, used on watches, clocks, etc 发光涂料（在暗中可见, 用於钟表等）.

2. (fig 比喻) easily understood; clear 易懂的; 清楚的: a luminous speaker, explanation 语意明晰的演说者﹑解释.

luculent

adj. 1 容易了解的; 明白的(of language) transparently clear; easily understandable

2 发亮的; 光辉的a ~ flame

lubricant

形容词润滑性[用]的,有润滑作用的

ludicrous

adj causing laughter; ridiculous; absurd 可笑的; 荒唐的; 愚蠢的: a ludicrous idea

荒谬的想法.

16. A

题干生词：

circular

n printed letter, notice or advertisement sent to a large number of people （送达很多人

的）印刷信件﹑通知或宣传品; 传阅文件.

faction

n [C] (usu derog 通常作贬义) small united group within a larger one, esp in politics

大组织中的小派别, 派系（尤指政治上的）: rival factions within the party 党内的

对立派别.

retribution

n [U] ~ (for sth) (fml 文) deserved punishment or compensation for injury, etc （由於

伤害等）应得的惩罚或赔偿: jailed in retribution for his crimes （他）因犯罪而受监

禁* make retribution to God for one's sins 向上帝赎罪* the day, hour, moment, etc

of retribution 报应的日子﹑时刻﹑瞬间等.

rector

1. (a) (in the Church of England) clergyman in charge of a parish from which he receives his income directly (formerly entitled to receive all the tithes of his parish) （英国国教的）牧区司铎, 牧区长. Cf 参看vicar. (b) (in the Roman Catholic

Church) head of a church or a religious community （天主教的）教区首席神甫.

2. (esp Brit) head of certain universities, colleges, schools or religious institutions （某

些学校或宗教机构的）校长﹑院长或领导人.

screenplay

n [C]

the words that are written down for actors to say in a film, and the instructions that tell them what they should do = script

17. D

trip

[intransitive] to catch your foot on something and fall or almost fall

She tripped and fell.

trip over/on something

Someone will trip on that cable.

(figurative) I was tripping over my words in my excitement to tell them the news.

trip over/up She tripped over and skinned her knee.

trip out（口）携带毒品外出；服用毒品引起幻觉（或兴奋）

trip out on LSD服用毒品LSD后引起幻觉

trigger

v [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (off) be the cause of a sudden (often) violent reaction; set an action or a process in motion 成为突然发生的（常为激烈的）反应的原因; 发动; 引发: The riots were triggered (off) by a series of police arrests. 警方一连串的逮捕行动激发了暴乱. * The smoke triggered off the alarm. 这些烟把警报器触响了.

18. C

gear

[U] particular position or setting of the gear mechanism 传动装置的某位置或组合状态; 排挡: The car is in/out of gear, ie has the gears engaged/disengaged. 汽车挂上挡[未挂挡]. * low/bottom/first gear, ie used for starting a vehicle or climbing a slope 低速挡[头挡/第一挡]（用於车辆起动或爬坡）* high/top gear, ie used for high speeds 高速挡* change gear 换排挡.

in full gear的一个例子：

Source information:

Date (1985-1994)

Title Billion-dollar brain. Deighton, Len. London: Arrow Books Ltd, 1991, pp. 67-219. 3677 s-units.

...were small pieces of wood that I later learned were the sculptures of one of Signe's ex-boyfriends. Highly polished floorboards peeped around the white carpets, the curtains were ruffled and there were white shades with bobbles. On the floor there were three whodunit paperbacks and a copy of The Village Voice with face-powder spilled on it. It was easy to spot the big-city items that Signe had added to the furnished

apartment. There were a couple of fairground signs from Third Avenue antique shops, a polar-bear rug and two huge basketwork chairs that looked like witch-doctors in full gear and creaked when sat upon. Signe leaped across the room like a rubber kangaroo and landed flat upon the sofa. She bounced and cuddled herself into half a dozen bright scatter cushions. " My apartment, " she yelled. " Mine, mine, mine. " " Yes, " I said. " Sit down. I'll make you some coffee. " " I abandoned a perfectly good bacon sandwich, " I said. " Poo on your bacon sandwich. I shall make you something...

gale

1. very strong wind (force 8 on the Beaufort Scale); storm (at sea) 大风（蒲福风级的8级）; （海上的）风暴: It's blowing a gale outside. 外面刮着大风. * The ship lost its masts in the gale. 这船的桅杆都在风暴中刮掉了. * [attrib 作定语] a gale warning 大风警报* gale-force winds 大风级的风.

2. (fig 比喻) noisy outburst 一阵喧闹: gales of laughter 阵阵笑声.

19．D

postponement

postponement n (a) [U] act of postponing or delaying 延期; 推迟: Rain caused the postponement of several race-meetings. 几次赛马大会因雨延期. (b) [C] instance of this 延期的事: After many difficulties and postponements, the ship was ready for launching. 该船几经周折拖宕後, 已准备下水.

adjourn

V (a) [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] stop (a meeting, etc) for a time; postpone 停止（会议等）一段时间; 休（会）; 使延期: The trial was adjourned for a week/until the following week. 审讯暂停一星期[下星期继续进行].

B, C 较容易理解，在此不赘述

20. A

题干关键词为in common，though表示转折关系，所以选与in common意思相对的词diverse。

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全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力讲义 第一节考试内容介绍、定语从句讲解、练习及译法 第一部分考试介绍 一、考试题型 词汇和语法部分50题25分25分钟 阅读理解50题55分75分钟 完型填空20题20分20分钟 二、考试要求 掌握本大纲要的英语词汇；掌握并能够正确运用双语语法；具备对常用问题英语文章的阅读理解能力。 三、笔译综合能力试题的基本类型 第一部分词汇和语法部分可分为三大部分：词汇选择（Vocabulary and Grammar）1-20难度大约在四级左右；词语替代（Vocabulary Selection）21-40主要找出和划横线部分相同意思的词汇，难度在4级到6级之间；改错（Error Correction）主要有词汇和语法的两种错误。 第一部分考察的内容主要为近义词的辨析、短语介词和动词词组的搭配；语法点主要包括定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、虚拟语气、非谓语动词等等。在其后会分专题来讲解。 第二部分阅读理解共5篇，字数在每篇150-450字之间，绝大多数在250字左右，每篇有5到10题，不定量。题材广泛，选题多样。类似于四级以上难度和题型，但是和专业四级题型更加相似。 第三部分为开放性完型填空，20空，共20分。题材广泛，选题多样。难度和专业四级等同。 四、基本复习策略 综合能力课程作为三级笔译必修的课程，主要是考察学生对于英语基本知识的了解，特别是对双语习惯的掌握，为了能够更好地为实务课程打下坚实的基础，所以希望每一位同学都不要对这门课程产生掉以轻心的念头。根据个人经验，我个人推荐以下几个复习的策略：第一、要对大纲的词汇做到十分熟悉，这种熟悉不是简单地认识，而是要学会使用，特别是在没有字典的帮助之下可以迅速而准确地判断搭配。 第二、对于语法结构的重视，但凡是学翻译就必须要对语法结构有着深入的了解，这种了解不是简单地会划分句子成分，而是将每个句子如何组合，这将决定你实务中的句型翻译的关键。 第三，阅读能力要强。任何考试都是得阅读者得天下，咱们的综合能力考试也不除外。包括实务考试，如果文章内容没有弄明白，那么对文章的翻译肯定是不行的。 以上三点经验之谈，仅供参考。 定语从句的讲解、练习及译法 1．that和which用法比较： 1) which用于非限定性定语从句中。 e.g.: He said he was busy, which was not true. 他说他很忙，那是假的。 We don’t want to enter the house, which is very cold. 我们不想进房间，因为太冷了。 2) which用于介词后做宾语。 e.g.: The room of which windows are opposite to the room is large. 窗户正对着海的房间很大。 The chair in which you are sitting is made of iron.

2019年catti笔译二级试题：宜家

英格瓦·坎普拉德可不是一般的亿万富翁。这位宜家家具帝国的创始人乘坐经济舱旅行，开着一辆有十年历史的沃尔沃汽车，总是下午去买水果和蔬菜，因为这时价格往往便宜些。如果有人问他生活中有什么奢侈的消费时，他的回答是：我偶尔喜欢买一件高档衬衫或一条围巾，吃点瑞典鱼子酱。? 坎普拉德先生是战后欧洲最杰出企业家之一。宜家创建于1943，当时仅仅从事邮购业务，现如今已经发展成为在全球31个国家经营，员工总数超过7万的国际化零售业巨头。 宜家的销售额逐年上涨。宜家的产品目录是全世界印数最多的印刷品，每年达到不可思议的1.1亿册。坎普拉德先生也变得异常富有。根据美国《福布斯》杂志，他的身价达到134亿美元(87亿英镑)，位列全球第17位。 宜家之所以取得了令人惊异的成功，首先是因为它那简单得令人难以置信的经营理念：向老百姓提供设计精美而又买得起的家具。其次就是坎普拉德本人，有魅力、谦逊、随和。他的思想和价值观绝对是宜家哲学的核心。 坎普拉德先生因生活极其节俭而闻名遐迩。他清洗用过的塑料杯以便再次利用。前不久，他决定不再让那位已经为他理发多年的瑞典理发师继续为他提供服务，原因是在现居地瑞士他找到一位理发师，每次只收14瑞士法郎(6英镑)。?这数字合理，?他笑着说。 宜家所有的高管都十分了解成本意识的重要性。公司不鼓励他们乘坐头等舱或商务舱旅行。?最好的领导方式是以身作则?，坎普拉德先生说过，?让我坐头等舱，而让我的同事们坐旅游舱，是我绝对不能接受的。?

他巡视宜家集团的店铺时，他总是要和员工们握手或拥抱，以此向员工传递一种?伙伴?的感觉，这种做法在瑞典绝不多见。?叫我英格瓦，?他对员工说。他不喜欢打领带，而是喜欢敞开衬衫的领口，这样的衣着方式也突显了他的不拘礼节和没有等级观念。 在个人生活方面和事业方面坎普拉德先生都经历过艰苦的奋斗过程。他一直与读写困难症和其他疾病抗争。 他性格中很突出的一点就是对细节的偏执性关注。巡视他的商店时，他不仅和经理们交谈，还要和最基层的员工以及顾客们交谈。在最近一次视察宜家的六家瑞典门店时，他说，?发现了100个需要讨论的细节性问题。? 在他自己看来，他最大的优点就是选择正确的人员来管理他的企业。 他下定决心不让宜家集团上市，因为股东的短期要求和企业长期的规划会有冲突。?我讨厌急功近利的决策。如果你想实施长效的决策，上市后就很难了。进入俄罗斯市场时，我们就曾不得不决定要亏损十年。? 自1986年从集团总裁位置上退下来以后，坎普拉德先生就慢慢地从业务中淡出。尽管他承认自己非常不愿意完全退出，但他仍然坚持说自己是?参与过多，过问的细节太多。?问题是：假如没有坎普拉德先生，宜家能否恒久存在?宜家是否太过于依赖其创始人?宜家控制权渐渐从坎普拉德先生转移到他的三个儿子手中以后，宜家帝国能否继续辉煌? 【参考译文】

catti三级笔译备考攻略

1. 单词 （1）平时：如何背单词 （2）考试时：什么样的单词需要在什么时候查字典 我想强调一点，课下有位女生问我考前是否需要把汉译英比较常见又相对比较固定的英文译法背下来。我也有过类似疑惑，不过现在我认为，不能带字典的翻译类考试，这些词语的积累是越多越好，因为这种考试是在考你实打实的英文功底，积累了这些词你的表达会更地道。难度是，记忆量较大，而且具体划分这类词语的标准很难量化。 像人事部三笔这样的考试可以查字典，你只需要混个眼熟就行，这样以便查字典时，该选择字典里的具体哪个词会比较得心应手（例如：西藏地处世界屋脊，你就会毫不犹豫地选择on the roof of the world而不是其他一些词），查字典的速度会更快一些；如果你能把这些词语记忆准确，那就更好了，考试时就不用再查字典，能节省更多宝贵时间。 2. 保持上课的一种持续状态—实践 （1）结课后，考试前—需要实践 上课不同老师都讲授了不同方法，这些理论是他们经过了无数实践得到的精华部分。大家在考试前一定要重温老师讲授的方法，最重要的是，像平时老师上课按照这些方法带着我们翻译的每一篇文章一样，用这些理论指导我们的实践，用这些方法带动我们所做的每一篇翻译。 （2）考试后—仍需实践 考试不是终极目的，大家来学翻译都是为了以后职业生涯做准备，所以不管三笔考试通过与否，以后都还是要用英语的。因此，考试结束后，大家也要尽量保持考试前的持续状态，用老师教的方法去实践你的翻译。考试结束了，翻译的路、英语的路还长着呢。 以上说的话看似有些空泛，具体建议这样操作： （1）课上讲过的文章：这些都是短短45个小时老师讲过的精华文章，要彻底消化。用笔译和视译结合的方法，重现上课老师分析句子的思路。英译汉一篇文章，再汉译英把它译回去，品味其中固定结构套用和选词用词的韵味。 （2）新文章：以后大家遇到的全部都是没有遇到过的文章，在到达一定水平之前，争取每一篇文章都要动笔进行笔译。不能只看不写，不能只做视译不做笔译。我感觉一到动笔写的时候，我才发现原来我差的不只是英文，中文水平也不怎么样，就连一句中国话都说不利落。所以平时只是读读看看、只追求心理上的理解，跟译出来并写下来这种感觉相去甚远。此外，所选择的这些文章一定要有比你水平高出很多的人士给出的参考译文以便找差距。没有参考译文的文章，除非你要挣钱，否则最好别耽误时间翻译了。 具体“量”上的要求：对于参加三笔考试的同学，建议每周至少要保证3次，每次3个小时（一篇英译汉，一篇汉译英），严格控制长度和时间。这样在考试之前才能持续保持一种良好的考试状态。 3. 用书问题

(2020年编辑)CATTI笔译三级讲义

文章一：人事部翻译考试出题规律 规律1：多考社会热点内容 近几年真题出现过的内容： 外国人看中国文化；伦敦文化和中国春节；姚明在美国NBA；中国人和外国人对麦当劳不同的看法；新一代居民身份证；上海和上海世博会；讨论世界地球日 考试根源： 中西方文化交流和冲突，以及社会关注的热点话题是一名外事工作者，在中低层次的翻译工作中必然面临的工作内容，这就是以实用为原则的人事部考试出这种题材的原因。 规律2：多考大会的发言 近几年真题出现过的内容： 中国在世界舞台上的崛起；环境保护和自然资源；全球气候变暖；亚洲的价值与繁荣；科学、信息和社会；介绍艾滋病；英国王妃戴安娜的新闻 复习建议： 最早的考试可以忽略不计，戴安娜为新闻体，艾滋病过于专业，因此最近5次考试再也没有重复过这样的题型。因此，复习时应该紧紧扣住大会英语，背记有关大会英语的词汇和高频句子。人事部指定教材的英译汉内容基本都是大会的演讲，尤其是外国人来到中国参加各种大会的演讲，以及世界重大会议的基调发言。 规律3：多考中国政策和特色 近几年真题出现过的内容： 北京市新春致词；香港和香港经济；介绍秦始皇兵马俑；新加坡和新加坡经济；亚洲经济和中国经济；中英外交关系；中美外交关系

复习建议： 这部分的内容最为稳定，复习时抓住指定教材中大而空的汉译英内容，这毕竟是三级考试，不必在语言的细枝末节方面或所谓的"地道"方面太计较。 文章二：三级笔译考试，字典准备，成功的开始 根据两年来我们几个老师在笔译班授课的经验、人事部出题专家的建议和同学们参加考试后反馈回来的意见，刚与杨军老师再次确认，参加三级笔译考试的保险字典应为： 英译汉（以下两本选一本） ● ●译文出版社的《英汉大词典》，主编陆谷孙，老版148元，新版178元，收词20万，是 目前我国最大的单本英译汉辞典，尤其录有大量人名地名等专有名词，这对于考试尤其重要。缺点是单解，但对考试影响不大。 ● ●商务印书馆的《朗文当代英语大辞典》，大字本129元，小字本98元，这是英汉双解的 唯一一本百科全书式的字典，单词量10万，但收有一些人名地名等专有名词，比同类字典较多。同类双解字典基本没有人名地名的译文，个别附录少量收入。 汉译英（以下两本选一本） ● ●外研社出版的《新世纪汉英大词典》，收词14万，同类字典收词最多，大字本188元， 小字本99元，尤其收入大量新词，正对考试胃口。

CATTI 二级笔译历年真题以及答案2006至2017

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8d8813217.html, CATTI二级笔译历年真题以及答案 英汉翻译八大注意事项 陈炳发全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语专家委员会委员 有幸多次参与国家人事部组织、外文局实施并管理的全国翻译资格(水平)考试的阅卷、质检工作，我发现，一些考生翻译水平还是不错的，但对于翻译的基本常识缺乏了解，不知道如何规范地处理数字、人名、地名、机构名、缩略语以及其他问题，因而或多或少地影响了个人的成绩。以下是我收集整理的一些考试中常见的“雷区”，可能对考生提高考试成绩有所助益。 一、数字 关于数字用法的问题，国家主管部门已有具体规定，各翻译出版机构以及一些国际组织也有自己的专门规定。有志于从事翻译职业的人应该对这些有起码的了解。 一般的规定是，对于纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值，无论原文是否使用阿拉伯数字，译文一般用阿拉伯数字。例如：原文“654,321,000”，译文中照抄“654,321,000”即可;不能译为6亿5千4百32万1千。原文“fifty million”，可译为“5 000万”;不能译为“五十百万”，

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8d8813217.html, 或“50百万”。对于万以上数字，中文一般以“万”和“亿”为单位;原文“half a billion”，可译为“5亿”。原文“five trucks”，可译为“5辆卡车”;原文“3-4 percent”，可译为“3%-4%”;原文“five percentage points”，可译为“5个百分点”。 原文用英文数字或罗马数字表示的，除纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值的情况外，译文用汉字。例如：原文“Chapter II”，可译为“第二章”，不能译为“第2章”;原文“Committee of Twenty-four”，可译为“二十四国委员会”，不能译为“24国委员会”;原文“Sixty-fourth Session”，可译为“第六十四届会议”，不能译为“第64届会议”。 在原文中，数字如作为词素构成固定的词、词组、惯用语、缩略语、具有修辞色彩的语句，以及邻近两个数字连用表示概数的情况，则译文中可使用汉字;整数一至十，如果不是出现在具有统计意义的一组数字中，可以用汉字，但要照顾到上下文，以便求得局部体例上的一致。例如：原文“quarter”，应译为“四分之一”;原文“three to four people”，则译为“三四人”;原文“Third World”，可译为“第三世界”;原文“several thousand people”，则译为“几千人”;原文“five principles”，可译为“五项原则”;原文“four or five hundred”，可译为“四五百”;原文“well over sixty”，可译为“六十好几了(年龄)”, 原文“50-odd years old”，可译为“五十出头”, 原文“a little over 30 years old”，可译为“三十挂零”等等。 对于数字的翻译还可以做出许多规定，但对于翻译(水平)考试而言，掌握以上三点就基本可以了。对于不规范的数字表述，诸如“6亿5千4百32万1千”之类，阅卷老师都是要酌情扣分的。

CATTI翻译资格考试二级笔译综合能力及实务真题详解

2003年12英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题 Part1 Summary Writing 1.Read the following English passage and then write a Chinese summary of approximately 300 words that expresses its main ideas and basic information (40 points, 50 minutes) Deceptively small in column inches, a recent New York Times article holds large meaning for us in business. The item concerned one Daniel Provenzano, 38, of Upper Saddle River, N.J. Here is the relevant portion: When he owned a Fort Lee printing company called Advice Inc., Mr. Provenzano said he found out that a sales representative he employment had stolen $9,000. Mr. Provenzano said he told the man that “if he wanted to keep his employment, I would have to break his thumb.” He said another Advice employee drove the sales representative to Holy Name Hospital in Teaneck, broke the thumb with a hammer outside the hospital, and then had a car service take the man home after the thumb was repaired. Mr. Provenzano explained that he “didn’t want to set an example” that workers could get away with stealing. The worker eventually paid back $4,500 and kept his job, he said. I know that you’re thinking: This is an outrage. I, too, was shocked that Provenzano was being prosecuted for his astute management. Indeed, I think his “modest proposal” has a lot to teach managers as they struggle with the problems of our people-centered business environment. Problems such as …. Dealing with the bottom 10%. GE made the system famous, but plenty of companies are using it: Every year you get rid of the worst-evaluated workers. Many managers object that this practice is inhumane, but not dealing with that bottom 10% leads to big performance problems. Provenzano found a kinder, gentler answer. After all, this employee would have been fired virtually anywhere else. But at Advice Inc., he stayed on the job. And you know what? I bet he become a very, very —very —productive employee. For most managers Provenzano’s innovative response will be a welcome new addition to their executive tool kit. And by the way, “executive tool kit” is clearly more than just a metaphor at Advice Inc. Being the employer of choice. With top talent scarce everywhere, most companies now want to be their industry’s or their community’s most desirable. Advice Inc. understood. The employee in question wasn’t simply disciplined in his supervisor’s office and sent home. No, that’s how an ordinary employer would have done it. But at Advice Inc., another employee —the HR manager, perhaps? —took time out his busy day and drove the guy right to the emergency room. And then —the detail that says it all —the company provided a car service to drive the employee home. The message to talented job candidates comes through loud and clear: Advice Inc. is a company that cares. Setting an example to others. An eternal problem for managers is how to let all employees know what happens to those who perform especially well or badly. A few companies actually post everyone’s salary and bonus on their intranet. But pay is so one-dimensional. At Advice Inc., a problem that would hardly be mentioned at most companies —embezzlement —was undoubtedly the topic of rich discussions for weeks, at least until the employee’s cast came off. Any employee theft probably went way, way —way —down. When the great Roberto Goizueta was CEO of Coca-Cola he used to talk about this problem of setting examples and once observed, “Sometimes you must have an execution in the public square!” But of course he was speaking only figuratively. If he had just listened to his own words, Goizueta might have been an even better CEO. Differentiation. This is one of Jack Welch’s favorite concepts —the idea that managers should treat different employees very differently based on performance. Welch liked to differentiate with salary, bonus, and stock options, but now, in what must henceforth be known as the post-Provenzano management era, we can see that GE’s great management thinker just wasn’t thinking big enough. This Times article is tantalizing and frustrating. In just a few sentences it opens a whole new world of management, yet much more surely remains to be told. We must all urge Provenzano to write a book explaining his complete managerial philosophy. 2.Read the following Chinese passage and then write an English summary of approximately 250 words that expresses its central ideas and main viewpoints (40 points, 50 minutes) 越是对原作体会深刻，越是欣赏原文的每秒，越觉得心长力，越觉得译文远远的传达不出原作的神韵。返工的次数愈来愈多，时间也花得愈来愈多，结果却总是不满意。……例如句子的转弯抹角太生硬，色彩单调，说理强而描绘弱，处处都和我性格的缺陷与偏差有关。自然，我并不因此灰心，照样“知其不可为而为之”，不过要心情愉快也很难了。