高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义外研版选修7Module 4

2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版选修七

Module 4

知识详解

① arise v．引起，产生；起床；起身

(回归课本P53)From a region of seven million people has arisen some of the greatest pop music in the world.

从一个拥有7百万人口的地区产生了一些世界上最流行的音乐。

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①(牛津P89) Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。

②The children arose from their seats to salute the flag.

孩子们从座位上起立向国旗致敬。

③(朗文P80)Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting?

我们是不是可以从讨论上次会议所产生的问题开始？

④Children should be disciplined when the need arises.

必要时孩子应受到管教。

⑤(高考山东卷)．..problems can arise when there batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves.

……当这些电池比装置本身大得多或重得多的时候，就可能出现问题。

【易混辨析】

arise，rise，raise

(1)arise含义比rise窄，常用于庄严的场合或诗歌之中，表示“起身”时，比rise或get up正式；也常作“(由……)引起/产生”，为不及物动词，此时后常接from或out of。

(2)rise表示“上升；起身；矗立”，其引申义表示“(感情、情绪等)变得强烈”等，为不及物动词。

(3)raise表示“举起；使升高”等意，其引申义表示“提高；增大；鼓起”等，一般为及物动词。

①Accidents can arise from carelessness.

②She raised the window and let in the fresh air.

③The moon has risen above the mountains.

【即境活用】

1．A completely new situation is likely to ________ when the school leaving age is changing. A．affect B．rise

C．arouse D．arise

解析：选D。affect“影响”；rise“升起，上升”；arouse“唤起”；arise“出现，产生”。根据句子意思结合词语意思得出答案。

②decline v．& n．衰退，下降，减少；谢绝，拒绝

(回归课本P45)Secondly，people were bored with the pop music of the day—disco music and rock music were both in decline in the mid－1970s.

其次，人们厌倦了当时的流行音乐——20世纪70年代中期迪斯科和摇滚乐都在走下坡路。【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①(牛津P518)The town fell into (a) decline(＝started to be less busy，important，etc.) after the mine

closed.

这个镇在矿井关闭后开始衰落。

②He declined to attend the meeting.

他拒绝参加这次会议。

③His interest in playing basketball is now in decline.

现在他对打篮球的兴趣开始减退。

④The number of tourists to the resort has declined by 50% because of the A/H1N1 flu.

因为甲型H1N1流感，到这个旅游胜地旅游的人数减少了50%。

【即境活用】

2．Offered the position of Chairman，Mr.Black ________，preferring to keep his current job. A．decreased B．retired

C．left D．declined

解析：选D。句意：当让他担任主席时，布莱克先生婉言谢绝了，他宁愿做现在的工作。decline 指“有礼貌地拒绝提议或邀请”，符合题意。decrease减少；retire退休；leave离开。

3．完成句子

America ________________(拒绝帮助) the developing countries in this field.

答案：declines to help

③devote vt.把时间，精力等贡献给……；致力于

(回归课本P53)The fans are devoted to their stars.

歌迷们都忠实于他们的明星。

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①Net chat may be interesting，but you should not devote all your time to it.

网上聊天或许很有趣，但你不应该把所有的时间都用在这上面。

②After he has retired，he’ll devote himself to gardening.

退休后他将把精力放在园艺上。

③Most of our meetings were devoted to discussing the housing problem.

我们的大部分会议都用来讨论住房问题。

④He is very devoted to his wife.

他对他妻子非常忠诚。

⑤We were deeply moved by their devotion.

我们被他们的献身精神所深深地感动。

【即境活用】

4.Fully ________ to looking after three children at home，she no longer has time to enjoy various activities in the club.

A．attached B．occupied

C．contributed D．devoted

解析：选D。句意：全身心地在家照料三个孩子，她无睱顾及俱乐部的各种活动。be devoted to 表示“投身于……，致力于……，”故D项符合题意。A项与后面“没有时间”信息不一致；B项后不接to；C项不符合语境。

5．(江苏启东中学)It is said that the novel Henry had devoted so many years to ________ published last week.

A．get B．gets

C．got D．getting

解析：选C。此题注意要克服思维定势，the novel Henry had devoted so many years to为主语部分，got published“出版了”是谓语动词。

④rather than宁愿……而不愿……；而不是……；与其……倒不如

(回归课本P46)Songs that are spoken rather than sung are called rap.

说出来而不是唱出来的歌叫说唱音乐。

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①We want the matter settled sooner rather than later.

我们想尽快解决问题而不是拖到以后再办。

②I think Tom，rather than you，is to blame.

我认为该受责备的是汤姆而不是你。

③He preferred to stay at home watching TV rather than go to concert.他宁愿在家里看电视也不愿去听音乐会。

④I would rather (that) you hadn’t done that thin g.

我宁愿你没做那件事。

【即境活用】

6．(烟台模拟)If you let pressure benefit ________ upset you，much more can be accomplished than you thought possible.

A．more than B．rather than

C．other than D．less than

解析：选B。句意为：如果让压力使你受益而非让你烦扰，那么你所取得的成就可能远比你想像的多。rather than而不是；more than比……多；other than除……之外，不同于；less than少于。

7．完成句子

You are doing this for yourself

______________________________________________________________________________.

做这件事你不是为了朋友而是为了自己。

答案：rather than for your friends

⑤far from远非，一点也不；不但不……(反而……)；远离

(回归课本P53)It’s far from being a part－time job.

这远不是一份业余的工作。

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①His explanation was far from satisfactory.

他的解释一点儿也不令人满意。

②Far from taking my advice，he went and did just what I had warned him against.

他不但没听从我的劝告，反而干了我警告他不要干的事。

③(牛津P727)Computers，far from destroying jobs，can create employment.

计算机远非破坏就业，而是能创造就业。

④Our school is not far from here.

我们学校离这里不远。

⑤(牛津P727)The last of these reasons is by far the most important.

这些理由中最后一条比其他的重要得多。

【即境活用】

8．(高考天津卷)The art show was _______ being a failure；it was a great success.

A．far from B．along with

C．next to D．regardless of

解析：选A。句意是：艺术展览远非失败，而是一次巨大的成功。此句要用far from表示否定意义，意为“远非”。along with与……一起；next to靠近；regardless of不顾。

9.(山东济南三模)My friend Shelly is ________ stupid.However，she is pretty smart.

A．much too B．more that

C．far from D．less than

解析：选C。从后面However，she is pretty smart.的句子意思分析，此处用far from表示“远没有；一点也不”的意思。

⑥in order有序地，整齐地

(回归课本P52)But if I’m listening to loud music or rap or rock，my handwriting starts getting very bad and my thoughts don’t stay in order.

但是当我听强烈的音乐、说唱音乐或者摇滚乐时，我的书写开始变得很糟糕，而且我的思想也不再保持安分。

【归纳总结】

【注意】in order to do既用于句首，也用于句末，但so as to do不能用于句首。

【例句探源】

①All the procedures must be done in correct order.

一切手续必须按正确顺序办理。

②(牛津P1405)Some teachers find it difficult to keep their classes in order.有些教师觉得难以维持课堂秩序。

③Uncle Bob put his business affairs in order before he died.

鲍勃大叔在死前把生意方面的事情都安排妥当了。

④(朗文P1380)The phone at the street corner is out of order again.

街角的电话又坏了。

⑤When customers place an order with us，the order should be delivered within a week.

当客户向我们下订单时，他们的订货应该在一个星期内送到。

⑥He ordered himself a pint of beer.他要了一品脱啤酒。

⑦(牛津P1405) They ordered that for every tree cut down two more (should)be planted.他们要求每砍伐一棵树就要补栽两棵树。

【即境活用】

10．His father died in a car accident.He stayed with his mother till nearly midnight，comforting her and being comforted ________.

A．in order B．in effect

C．in vain D．in turn

解析：选D。句意：他父亲死于一起交通事故。他与母亲一起呆到将近半夜，安慰她，也被她安慰着。in order“有序地，整齐地”；in effect“实际上”；in vain“徒劳”；in turn“依次，反过来”。依据句意可知，答案为D。

句型梳理

【教材原句】“My message is that it doesn’t matter if you’re black，white，fat，thin，old and young—we’re all the same，it’s a great world and you can do something with your life.”(P55)

“我想告诉大家的是，不管你是黑人还是白人,肥胖还是瘦小，年长还是年幼，这些都不重要——我们都是一样的，这是一个美妙的世界,你可以在有生之年做些事情。”

【句法分析】It doesn’t matter(to sb.)＋从句……(对某人来说)没有关系/不要紧。

①—We’ve missed the train!

我们已经误了火车了！

—It doesn’t matter.There is another one in fifteen minutes.

没关系，15分钟以后还有一趟。

(1)It doesn’t/won’t matter(to sb.)＋从句

……(对某人来说)没关系，不要紧

It matters a lot/a great deal＋从句……非常重要

It doesn’t matter.(口语)没关系。(尤指对某人已做的事表示并不生气或不介意)

(2)as a matter of fact 实际上，事实上

What’s the matter？(口语)怎么了？有什么麻烦？

②I don’t care what it looks—what matters is that it works well.

我不在乎它好看不好看—要紧的是它要好用。

③It matters a lot to her what other people think of her.

其他人怎么看她对她来说极为重要。

④I knew him when we were in junior high school，as a matter of fact，we were in the same class. 我们在初中就认识——事实上我们那时在同一个班里。

【即境活用】

11．(高考四川卷)—I’m sorry.That wasn’t of much help.

—Oh，________.As a matter of fact，it was most helpful.

A．sure it was B．it doesn’t matter

C．of course not D．thanks anyway

解析：选A。句意：——很抱歉，那对你没有多大帮助。——当然有帮助了。实际上它很有帮助。根据后文，设空处是对上句的否定，故选A项。sure it was当然了；it doesn’t matter没关系;

of course not当然不；thanks anyway不管怎么说，还是要谢谢你。

12.(江苏海安质检)—I’ve s tudied growing plants as one of my interests.Could I make some suggestions?

—________.

A．You will make it B．It doesn’t matter

C．Go right ahead D．Take it easy

解析：选C。别人要提出建议，肯定的回答方式要说go ahead，即“好吧，说吧”。

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Module 1 Small Talk Introduction Read the dictionary definitions of small talk and answer the questions. 1.Which definitions make small talk sound like a positive thing? 2.Which definitions refer to places where small talk might take place? 3.Why is it a problem if someone has no small talk? 4.What do you think is the Chinese for "small talk"? small talk informal conversation about things that are not important Macmillan English Dictionary small talk light conversation that people make at social occasions about unimportant things: We stood around making small talk. Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary small talk polite friendly conversation about unimportant subjects Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

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