“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

●“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，尤其在口语中。如：

1) Do you know the girl to whom our teacher was talking?

= Do you know the girl (that/who/whom) our teacher was talking to?

2) The school (that/which) my brother once studied in is very famous.

= The school in which my brother once studied is very famous.

●要确定关系代词前用什么介词，可以根据：（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。如：My mother missed her best friend with whom she worked in her youth.

The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.

●listen to, depend on, pay attention to, take care of,

look for, look after, look at等固定短语，在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。如：

This is the old lady whom Harold has taken care of.

●“介词+关系代词”前有some，any，none，neither，both，all，most，each，few等代词或者数词时，可构成由“名词（代词、数词）+ of + which / whom”来引导的定语从句。如：

There are thirty students in our class in all, most of whom are from villages.

现在，我们再来看一看这几道高考题。

1. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007 重庆卷)

A. with which

B. to which

C. of which

D. for which

2. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering. (2005 天津卷)

A. that

B. whose

C. those

D. what

3. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run

back in the direction ______ she had come. (2006 重庆卷)

A. of which

B. by which

C. in which

D. from which

4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ______ wanted to buy it. (2007 安徽卷)

A. none of them

B. both of them

C. none of whom

D. neither of whom

【点拨】

第一题中，名词degree常和介词to搭配使用，表示“到……程度”故选B。第二题中先行词effects 和floods 是所属关系，故选B，从而构成了介词+ whose引导的定语从句。第三题中动词come常和from连用，表示“从……地方来”，故选D。第四题是属于“名词（代词、数词）+ of + which / whom”结构来引导的定语从句，故选D。

【高考链接】从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____

he found a job in a big company.

(2007辽宁卷)

A. after that

B. after which

C. after it

D. after this

2. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. (2005广东卷) A. in which B. by which C. which D. that

3. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses. (2006湖南卷)

A. to which

B. to whom

C. with whom

D. with which

4. I was given three books on cooking, the first _____ I really enjoyed. (2006浙江卷)

A. of that

B. of which

C. that

D. which

5. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop _____ to produce the workings of his own hands.

(2005湖南卷)

A. that

B. in which

C. by which

D. how

【小试】

一、根据句子意思，在下列句子的第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个空白处填入关系代词whom或which。

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the headmaster that I told you about.

2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing is mine.

3. Hillary, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

4. The two things ________ ________ I was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.

5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.

6. The stories about the civil war, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.

二、选用适当的关系代词(who, which, whose, that)或关系副词(when, where, why)填空。

7. Do you know anyone ________ knows about the history of the pyramids?

8. We have visited the Museum of Chinese History,

________ Chairman Mao’s life and deeds are being shown.

9. We’ll never forget the day ________ my friends came to see me in hospital.

10. This is the man ________ son died in the war.

11. I don’t know the reason ________ she didn’t agree to our study plan.

【高考链接】 1. B 2. A 3.B 4.B 5.B

【小试】 1. to whom 2. with which 3. with whom

4. about which

5. in which

6. of which

7-11. who; where; when; whose; why

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 请同学们先看下面的高考题： 1. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which 2. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what 3. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ______ she had come. A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which 4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ______ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 【点拨】 ●“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，尤其在口语中。如： 1) Do you know the girl to whom our teacher was talking? = Do you know the girl (that/who/whom) our teacher was talking to? 2) The school (that/which) my brother once studied in is very famous. = The school in which my brother once studied is very famous. 2.关系副词when，where，why可用“介词＋which”来代替。关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词。其中 when=表时间的介词（如：in，at,on,during等）+which； Where=表地点的介词（如：in，at,on,under等）+which； Why=表原因的介词（如：for）+which (1)当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词when引导，此时也可选用表示时间的介词＋which来代替关系副词when。 I still remember the day when I came here. ( on the day =when) (2)当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词where引导，此时也可选用表示地点的介词＋which来代替关系副词where。 This is the house where I lived last year. ( in the house= where) (3)当先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时，通常用关系副词why引导，此时也可以用for which来代替关系副词why。 There are many reasons why people like traveling. (for the reasons =why) 注意： 1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开, 介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如: look for, look after, take care of， pay attention to, look forward to 等。

定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法

“介词+关系词”的用法 1、关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用which 或whom。 如：The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. →The school in which he once studied is very famous. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. →Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. →We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 2、关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系。 关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。如：when=in/on/at…+which, where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which 如：I won’t forget the date when( on which) I was born. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in. I don’t know the reason why (for which) he hasn’t come today. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. 注意： 1). 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 如：This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (√)This is the watch for which I am looking. (F) 2). 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose 如：The man with whom you talked is my friend. (√)The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (√) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F) 3).“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词如：He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 4). 把握“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选用 介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。

that关系代词用法-定语从句

that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。 一、that指代某物事时 1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如： 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如： 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如： 5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如： 6. 先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如： 注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如： 7. 先行词为数词时。

8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如： 9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。 10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如： 11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如： 二、that 指代某人时。 1. 泛指某人时。如： 2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复时。如： 3. 先行词前有the same时。如： 4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如： 另外，that也可用作关系副词，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时，可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如：

定语从句之关系代词

定语从句I 关系代词 定义：在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 基本构成：先行词+关系间+定语从句。 先行词：它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 关系词：连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词有when, where, why等。 一、关系代词的用法 1.who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。 Here comes the girl who wants to see you. 想见你的那个女孩过来了。(作主语) Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins. 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。(作宾语) 2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。 Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about. 罗丝是你应该关心的人。(作宾语) 3.whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表"所属"关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。 I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake. 我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。(作定语) 4.which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。 5.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。 习惯上指人多用who, whom，指物多用which. The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语) The suitcase that lies on the ground is hers. 地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)

定语从句关系代词和关系副词辨析

先观察下面各句，尝试总结一下红色部分的用法。 Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA? 你还记得我和你在美国共度的那些日子吗？ 2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down. 他效力了20年的那个工厂倒闭了。 3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didn’t catch the bus. 他之所以迟到，原因是没赶上公交车。 4) I have read the book in which you are interested. 我读了那本你感兴趣的书。 5) The man with whom I talked just now comes from Japan. 刚刚和我交谈的那个男人来自日本。 6) This is the book which she is looking for. 这就是她正在找的那本书。 小结归纳 ●when 通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句，如句1）； ●where放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句，如句2）； ●why经常放在reason的后面来引导定语从句，如句3）； ★当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为“介词+ 关系代词”，即： when / where 可转化为on / in / at等+ which， why可转化为for which（在口语中可用that或省略），这也是定语从句中的一种常见现象。 ★需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用that，如句1）、2）、3） ★另外，指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在从句中作介词宾语时，可以把“介词+ 关系代词(which / whom)”一起放在先行词和从句之间，如句4）、5）；★但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，如句6）。 **★关系代词that和which在定语从句中充当主语或宾语 ★关系副词when/ where/ why分别在定语从句中充当时间状语，地点状语和原因状语。例如： This is the house where/ in which we once lived. 这是我们曾经住过的房子 （Where相当于in the house 做地点状语） This is the house which/ that they built last year. 这是他们去年建的房子 （which/ that 指代house 做built 的宾语） I’ll never forget the days when/on which we stayed in Beijing. 我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子 （When相当于on the days 做时间状语，on the days “在这些日子”） I’ll never forget the days which we spent in Beijing.我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子（Which指代the days 做spent的宾语） That is the reason why/ for which she told a lie. 那就是她为什么撒谎的原因。 （Why相当于for the reason 做原因状语 That is the reason which was told by the boy. 那就是那个男孩说的原因。 （Which 指代the reason 做主语） 注意：★确立关系代词which/that或关系副词when/where/why的方法： 看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语，如果缺少用which/ that； 如果不缺主语或宾语用when/where/ why.

初中英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词精讲精练

定语从句讲解及练习 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：) . ) . 上面两句中的和是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词, , (宾格, 所有格)和关系副词, 、 关系词常有三个作用：、引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 指人，在从句中做主语 () . () . 如果先行词是, , , , , ,关系代词应该用 或. 例：? . 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 () . () . 注意：关系代词在口语和非正式语体中常用代替，可省略。 () . . 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 () . ( 在句子中做主语) () () . ( 在句子中做宾语) . 指人时，相当于或者；指物时，相当于。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 () . (在句子中做主语) () ? (在句子中做宾语)

具体使用时还要注意下列问题：,只能使用,不用的情况： () 先行词是, , , , , 等不定代词时。例如：. (2)先行词被, , , ,等词修饰时。例如：. (3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：() . (4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。() . (5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：. ,只用不用的情况： () 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 例如：. . 非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 , , . 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。（非限) 这里有人要和你说话(限制性) () 还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与相似，并可以指人。例如： , . () 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用。 . 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 () . () . 指物时，常用以下结构来代替

介词 关系词引导的定语从句

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 【知识点1】 直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom （指人）两种结构。 【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. 【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books. 【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago. 【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood. 【知识点2】 直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。 【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner. 【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from. 【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago. 【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood. 【知识点3】 关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。 【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago. =This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club? =Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 【例】I don’t know the reason why he said so. =I don’t know the reason for which he said so. 【知识点4】 有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前： 【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for. 【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30. 【知识点5】 注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。 【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen. 【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students. 【知识点6】 不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。 【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English.

初中英语定语从句关系代词引导定语从句讲解练习及答案

定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.every day & everyday every day“每天”，作时间状语。everyday是形容词，“每天的，日常的”。 eg: She learns some everyday English every day. 她每天学一些日常英语。 He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡觉很晚。 2. between & among between 常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间 among一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。 eg: Tom is between Ann and Mary. 汤姆在安和玛丽之间。 They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话 【固定搭配】to do / doing 在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同 1.forget to do 忘记做某事I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter. forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day. 2. stop to do 停下来做某事He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday. stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library. 3.try to do 尽力做某事I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。 try doing 试着做某事Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？ 4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I can’t go with you. regret doing 后悔做过某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】 （一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

介词+关系词引导的定语从句

介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 介词加关系代词引导的定语从句要注意以下几点： 1．“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which（指物）和whom （指人），即：介词+which/whom。不能用that 和who。 .This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot. 这就是从他那里我们学了很多东西的老师。 Great changes have taken place in the city in which we live. 我们所居住的城市发生了巨大的变化。 2．有时介词也可放在从句的末尾，这时关系代词可用which/that(指物)， who/whom/that（指人），也可以省略。 . The situation (which/that ) we had got into was very dangerous. 我们当时的处境很危险。 The man (whom/who/that) you were talking to just now is my English teacher. 你刚刚和他谈话的那个人是我的英语老师。 3．当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配，不可分割时，那么动词短语中的介词不能前置。 .This is the pen which I’m looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。 不能写成：This is the pen for which I’m looking. 4．定语从句也可由“名词/代词/数词+介词+which/whom”引出。 . That old man has two sons, one of whom is a doctor. 那个老人有两个儿子，其中一个是医生。 The house, the windows of which ( = whose windows = of which the windows) were damaged, has now been repaired. 窗子遭破坏的那栋房子现在已经修好了。 5．引导定语从句的关系副词(when, where, why) 可以用“介词+关系代词”代替。 .I’ll never forget the day when I joined the party. (when= on which). 我永远都不会忘记入党的日子。 The factory where my father works is in the east of the city. (where = in which). 父亲工作的那家工厂在城东。 None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting. (why = for which). 我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。

定语从句中关系代词的用法

定语从句中关系代词的用法 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词(定语从句所修饰的词)之后。定语从句由关系词来引导，关系词有关系代词和关系副词之分。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有when，where，why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：1)引导定语从句；2)代替先行词；3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。如：The car which my unele had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake．句中which my uncle had just bought 是定语从句，修饰先行词the car；which是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the car，在定语从句中作宾语。 表一：关系代词的用法 表二：用which不用that的情况

表三：只用that不用which的情况(先行词是物) 表四：关于as引导的定语从句 2．有时候当先行词是表示时间、地点的词时，却不用when／where而用that／which引导。这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。如果是及物的就可用that(which)，否则可用where。 例如：I will remember the days that／which we spent together． 我会永远记住我们一起度过的日子。

This is the factory that／which you visited yesterday． 这就足你昨天参观的工厂。 3．way作先行词时，关系代词的使用： I don’t like the way(that／in which)he treats his parents． 我不喜欢他对待父母的方式。 4. that引导定语从句与名词性从句的不同： The news that he told us is true．(定语从句) 他告诉我们的新闻是真的。 The news that our team has won is encouraging．(同位语从句) 我们队胜利的消息真令人振奋。 That he has won the first prize surprised everybody．(主语从句) 他获得一等奖的消息令每一个人都惊奇了。 My idea is that you shut the factory．(表语从句) 我的观点就是你应该关闭这家工厂。 He said that he was going to leave．(宾语从句) 他说他打算离开这里。

定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)

Where there is a will, there is a way. -----有志者，事竟成 定语从句(一) 1.概念：在主从复合句中，修饰句中某一名词或代词，充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句， 叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：在总从复合句中，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。 3.关系代词：即连接主句与从句的词。 4.关系代词包括：that (即可指人也可指物), which (只指物), who (只指人，宾格whom 及所有格whose ) 5.主从复合句表现形式： e.g. I like the dress which (my mother bought for me). ( 我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。) 先行词 主句 从句 6.关系代词的用法 ①连接主句语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在从句中做成份(如：做主语，宾语等) 7.关系代词在从句中做宾语及主语成分举例 e.g. (王叔叔就是我昨天拜访的那个男的) 中国是一个有着久远历史的国家。) 8.关系代词引导的定语从句（在从句中做成分） ⑴ which: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ① 做主语：They planted the flowers which (didn't need much water). (他们种植了不需要太多水的花) ② 作宾语：I will never forget the days which (I spent （我将永远不会忘记我与你的家人度过的那几天） ⑵ who: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ① 做主语：The teacher who ( （昨天去看我的那个老师是李先生。） ② 作宾语：The girl who/whom (I talked with (我刚才与之讲话的那个女孩将要去北京。) ⑶ whose: 在从句中做定语(主语可以是人，也可以是物)。 ① 作定语(先行词为人)： He is the boy whose (father is a doctor). (他就是那个他爸爸是医生的男孩) ② 作定语(先行词为物): I want to buy the house whose (window face south). (我想买那个窗户面向南方的房子) ⑷ that :可在从句中做主语，宾语(即可指人，也可指物)。 9.只用that 不用which 的情况。 ⑴被修饰的先行词为不定代词 ⑵先行词被极限词修饰 ⑶先行词被序数词修饰 ⑷先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰 ⑸先行词即有人又有物 ⑹主句是there be 句型

介词引导的定语从句 -答案

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句。关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。一．介词选择的主要标准 1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配 Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。( to a degree ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。( in the play ) The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配 Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？( shake hands with sb. ) Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月，东南亚的部分地区发生洪水，人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。(suffer from sth. ) 3.介词与定语从句中的形容词构成一种习惯性的搭配 Ours is a beautiful country , of which we are greatly proud . 我们的国家是一个美丽的国家，我们为之感到很自豪。( be proud of ) The woman to whom Spielberg is married is an actress. 同斯皮尔伯格结婚的女人是一位演员。( be married to ) The woman to whom he was engaged was a doctor. 他与之订婚的那个女士是位医生。(be engaged to ) 4.有时关系代词前用什么介词，要根据句子的意思来决定，此时不但要注意其前的搭配，也要注意其后的搭配 I was a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was , she had ran back in the direction from which she had come.看见一位妇女在黑暗中像我走来，我还没来得及认清她是谁，她已经从她来的方向跑回去了。（如果仅注意先行词，很容易受习惯心里的影响而使用in this direction 的搭配，但考虑到语境后的come ，则应该使用from。） He was educated at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University. 他在当地一所高中上学，之后他上了北京大学。（after which 的意思就是“在当地一所高中接受完教育之后”）。 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm. by which time many have got home.在 办公室我好像总是没时间，只有等到下午五点半，而那个时候大家都已经回家了。（此句不能受at 5:30 pm 的通常表达的影响而选用介词at, 而应该依据整个句子的语意来确定介词。）5.表示“所有格”或“整体与部分关系”时，用介词of The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days.这次环球旅行老水手用了9个月，其中航行的时间是226天。 The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad. 这个工厂每年生产50万双鞋，其中的（指50万双鞋）80%销往海外。 I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school, most of whom

英语语法：定语从句 六个关系代词

英语语法：定语从句六个关系代词 关系代词有六个，听我逐一来说破； 六个关系代词是：that/which/ who/ whom/ whose/ as ，注意关系代词在定语从句中做主宾表定语。 which表物人用who,人物都有that顾； 先行词是物，关系代词用which，也能够用that;先行词是人，关系代词用who,也能够用that;先行词中既有人，又有物，关系代词只能用that。 例句 1) This is the mountain village (which/ that ) I visited last year. 这就是我去年参观的那个山村。 解析：先行词mountain village是物，可用which或that, 因为定语从句中visit后缺宾语，说明which或that应该在定从中做宾语，所以还能够省略。 例句 2）The man(that/whom / who ) you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人是我的朋友。 解析：先行词man表人，关系词能够用who/that/whom，因为定语从句中缺宾语，关系代词应该在定语从句中做宾语，所以能够省略；另外，whom是专门用来做宾语用的，而who则仅仅在口语中才用。 例句 3）This magazine belongs to the teacher who(that) teaches us history. 这本杂志是我们历史老师的。

解析：先行词teacher是人，关系代词用who或that, 因为在定语从句中做主语，所以不能省略。 例句 4）He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited. 他谈到了他所见到的老师和学校。 解析：先行词 the teachers and schools 中既有人又有物，关系代 词只能用 that, 又因为that在定语从句中做宾语，所以又能够省略。 which用在逗号后，意表前句你要know; 这是which用在非限制性定语从句中的一个用法。 例句1）He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 解析：which是关系代词，指代前面的一句话：他似乎没抓住我的意思。 例句2）Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 解析：which是关系代词，指代前面的一句话：液态水变为蒸汽。 who做主语很称职，whom用到宾语里； 先行词是表示人的词，定语从句中如果缺主语，要用who做关系代词，如果缺宾语，正规场合下用whom, 口语中也能够用who。 例句 1）He is the boy who often goes to school late. 他就是那个经常上学迟到的男生。