中考英语专题复习动词时态及语态详解

中考专项复习——动词时态及语态

语法学习表

时态意义标志词语构成公式被动语态

一般现在时经常性、习惯性的动作，

存在的状态，或客观真

理often, always,

usually, sometimes,

once a week, every

day

主语+V原形（主语是

第三人称单数时，V加

s或es）

主语+is

/am/are+V过分

现在进行时现在正在发生的动作now，Look!, Listen!，

at this moment 主语

+am/is/are+V-ing

主语

+am/is/are+being

+V过分

现在完成时过去的动作对现在有影

响或过去的动作一直持

续到现在already ,

yet ,since, so far

主语 +have/has +V过

分

主语+have/has

+been+V过分

一般过去时过去发生的动作yesterday ，last

week, …ago, in

1998, just now 主语+V过去式主语+was/were +V

过分

过去进行时过去时间内正发生的动

作或存在的状态at this time

yesterday, just

then, at 6:00 last

Sunday, when+一般过

去时

主语

+was/were+V-ing

主语

+was/were+being+

V过分

过去完成时过去已完成的动作by the end of +过去

的时间，by the time

+一般过去时主语+had+V过分主语+had+been+V

过分

一般将来时将要发生的动作或将来

的状态tomorrow, next

week, in the future,

in two days, in 2100

主语+am/is/are

going to +V原形，或

主语+will+V原形

主语+will be+V过

分

过去将来时过去时间内将要发生的

动作或存在的状态常用于主句是一般过

去时的宾语从句

主语

+was/were+going

to+V原形，或主语

+would +V原形

主语+would+be+V

过分

现在完成进行时过去的动作一直延续到

现在

“since+时间点/从

句/时间点ago”或

“for+时间段”

主语+have

/has+been+V-ing

含情态动词can/may/must等+V原

形can/may/must等+be +V过分

考点精讲

考点1 一般现在时有哪些特殊用法？

（1）表示此时此刻正在发生的动作或存在的状态。

What’s the time now? 现在几点了？

（2）在含时间和条件状语从句的复合句中（主句为一般将来时）。

I’ll call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing tomorrow.明天一到北京，我就给你打电话。

（3）在主句为过去时态的复合句中，如果宾语从句陈述的是客观真理，从句用一般现在时。

The teacher said Maria is a girl.老师说玛利亚是个女孩。

（4）表示书、信、报纸、通知、广播、告示牌等的内容用一般现在时。

It says, “Closed”.上面写着，“停止营业”。

专练用所给动词的适当形式填空

1、T hree plus two_________（be）five.

2、There____________（go）the bell!

3、Light______________（travel）faster than sound.

4、If you____________（ask）her tomorrow, she will help you.

5、The notice _______________（say）“No Smoking!”.

考点2 如何使用used to?

used to后加动词原形表示“过去常常”，其疑问句和否定句可直接使用used，也可借助于did。

I used to be afraid of dark .我过去常怕黑。He usedn’t to ride to school.他过去不常骑车去上学。

He used to smoke, didn’t he?他过去常抽烟，是吗？

注意：be used to doing 意为“习惯做某事”， be used to do 意为“被用来……”，不要混淆。

专练按要求变化下面的句型

1、She used to play near the river.(改为否定句)

__________________________________________________________________________

2、T he children didn’t use to come here early,_____________________？(补全反意疑问句)

考点3 一般将来时有哪些形式？

（1）“be going to+动词原形”表示计划或打算在最近要做的事。

I’m going to take you to the park.我打算带你去公园。

（2）“will/shall+动词原形”是单纯的将来时，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。

He will come back next week.他下周回来。

（3）“be+动词不定式”结构，表示按计划要发生的事，或用来征求对方意见。

We are to meet outside the park. 我们约定在公园外面见。

Am I to go on with the work? 这工作我是不是接着干下去？

（4）“be about+动词不定式”结构，表示即将做某事，一般不用时间状语。

It is about to rain.天要下雨了。

（5）现在进行时可用于表示马上要发生的动作，多用于瞬间动词（start,begin,die等）。

I’m leaving for Shanghai. 我要去上海了。

专练按要求变化下面的句型

1、Have you finished your homework? Not yet. I__________________________________（this

afternoon）.

2、Where are you going this Sunday? _______________________________（the zoo）.

考点4 哪些动词没有进行时？

表示感觉、情感、状态、看法、意愿的动词一般没有进行时，这类动词有：hear, see, smell, look, seem, think, like, want, hope, belong, cost, weigh, prefer, remain, have, own, believe等。

专练改正下面每个句子中的错误

1、I’m hearing a strange noise now.

2、Now you are looking beautiful.

考点5 现在完成时和一般过去时有什么区别？

二者表示的动作都在过去发生。现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响和结果，不能与表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时只表示过去的事实，与现在没有关系。

—Have you done your homework?你做作业了吗？—Yes, I have.做了。

—When did you do it?什么时候做的？—Last night.昨天晚上。

专练根据所给的动词短语，分别用一般过去时和现在完成时造句

1、go to the beach

2、not hear of that

考点6 have been to, have been in和have gone to有何区别？

have been in 表示“在某地……”；have been to 表示“去过”某地，常与ever, never ,…before, once ,twice 等连用；have gone to 表示“去了”某地，人可能在途中或已到达那里。

专练用have(has) gone to, have (has)been to, have(has) been in 填空

1、Tim____________________________out. He’ll be back in an hour.

2、Jim___________________________this city for two years.

3、___________you ever______________Jinan? It has some famous springs.

考点7 现在完成时的句子，谓语何时用瞬间动词，何时用延续动词？

若表示持续性的动作，常与表示一段时间的状语如these days, in the past few years, during the last three months, for two years, so far, up to now, till now, recently等连用。

The old man has been away from home for twenty years.那老人离开家已十年了。

注意：瞬间动词不能与持续性的完成时连用，必须改为延续动词，记住下面的瞬间动词与延续动词的换用：

1、动词变动词：buy→have, borrow→keep

2、变为“be+adj./adv.”：begin→be on, close/open→be closed/open, die→be dead,

finish→be over, get up→be up, marry→be married, go→be off, come→be here,

return→be back, arrive→be here

3、变为“be+介词短语”：come/go →be in/at, join→be in(或“be+成员”)，put on

→wear(或be in)

I came to this school ten years ago. = I have been in this school for ten years. = Ten years has

passed since I came to this school. = It is ten years since I came to this school.

专练 A）用所给动词的适当形式填空

1、I __________________（buy）this bicycle for five years.

2、You can ________________（borrow）it for two days.

3、The film________________（begin）for five minutes.

4、How long ______________ you _________________（go）this school?

5、My brother ______________ (join) the army since 1999.

6、I _________________（put on）the shoes since three years ago.

7、The old man___________________（die）since 2000.

B ) 将下面的句子变为同义句

8、They got married two years ago. It _______________________since they got married.

9、We came to this school three years ago.

We__________________________ this school __________three years.

10、I have been up for two hours. Two hours __________________________I got up.

考点8 如何将主动语态变为被动语态？

主动句变为被动句的方法是：一看动词，二换主语，三变谓语。

（1）主动句有双宾语，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，但若将直接宾语用作主语，后面要使用to 或for引出间接宾语。

He gave me a book yesterday.

→I was given a book yesterday./A book was given to me yesterday.

( 2 ) 动词短语是一个不可分的整体，变化时不能丢掉介词或副词。

You should speak to me politely. →I should be spoken to politely.(to 不可少)

（2）主动句的主语若是地点名词，变化时不要忘记加介词。

Shandong produces salt. →Salt is produced in Shandong.

( 4 ) 带宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态时，宾补在原位置不动。

I saw a man playing basketball there. →A man was seen playing basketball there.

( 5 ) 在主动句中某些动词后的不定式可省略to，但在被动句中to要补出。

Our parents make us study hard. →We are made to study hard.

专练将下面句子的主动语态变为被动语态，被动语态变为主动语态

1、The students clean the room every day.

2、She gave me twenty yuan last week.

3、A present was bought for me by my sister.

4、The girl has taken care of the blind men for five years.

考点9 哪些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义？

（1）系动词，如look, feel, taste, smell等。

The music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很美。

（2）sell, feel, write, drive, open 等词作不及物动词，其主语为物时。

This kind of clothes sells well.这种衣服卖得很好。

（3）在be worth doing sth.中的doing。

The basketball match is well worth watching.这场篮球赛很值得看。

（4）在need ,want, require等表示“需要”的动词后接V-ing形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done。

My kite wants mending.我的风筝需修理。

专练用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1、The fur of the cat__________（feel） very warm.

2、The apples____________（taste）good.

3、This kind of food_______________（smell） hot.

4、The latest model cars ________________（sell）well.

5、The ball-pen_________________（write）smoothly.

6、Your coat _________________（not wash）easily.

7、The book is worth______________（read）.

8、Your hair wants _____________（cut）.

考点10 被动语态有哪些习惯用法？

It is said that…据说…… It is well known that…众所周知……

It is reported that…据报道…… It is believed that…大家相信……

It is said that it will rain tomorrow.据说明天要下雨。

专练根据汉语提示，用适当的词填空，完成下面的句子

1、____________________________（据说）we will have an English exam tomorrow.

2、____________________________(众所周知)most families have one bike at least.

3、____________________________(大家相信)our government will solve this problem.

考点11 如何判断时态？

遇到时态判断题可按以下步骤判断：

一找标志（词），二想公式，三写变化。

首先找出时态标志词，如：He____________（not talk）now.其标志词是now。

再根据标志词确定用哪些时态，想想其公式。如now是现在进行时的标志，公式是am/is/are+V-ing。

注意：看句式是疑问句还是否定句，写出变化形式。如上题是否定句，故填isn’t talking。

中考英语试题精选—动词时态与语态

【1辽宁·沈阳】1.Tomorrow there's a programme about our school on TV，then it ____ by millions of people．

A．will see B．saw C．will be seen D．was seen

【1湖北·襄樊】2．--I the Great Wall next week．

--Have a good trip！

A．visit B．visited C．am

visiting D．have visited

【1山东·东营】3. He to Dongying many times, so he knows every corner of it.

A. went

B. will go

C. has

gone D. has been

【1安徽省卷】4. -- Are you going to the party?

-- No, because I ______.

A. have asked

B. haven't asked

C. have been asked

D. haven't been asked

【1河北省卷】5. This term ________ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.

A. is

B. was

C. has

been D. will be

【1湖北·武汉】6. --When _______ you _______ to learn to skate?

--Five years ago.

A. do; start

B. will; start

C. had; started

D. did; start

【1福建?晋江】7. –I want to teach in Tibet when I graduate from the college.

--Me too. Teachers __________very much there.

A. need

B. are needing

C. are needed 【1湖北·咸宁】8. — The 1 Asian Sports Meet this November in Guangzhou. — Yes. I wish Chinese players will do well.

A. will be held

B. have been held

C. was to be held

D. would be held 【1黑龙江·哈尔滨】9．Great changes have taken place since we ______ E—Times．And the computer is widely used throughout the world．

A．entered B．will

enter C．have entered

【1贵州·铜仁】10. —Hello! Is that Mr. Jiang ?

—No ,he_____ Guiyang .He will be back in more than two weeks.

A. goes

B. went

C. has gone to

D. has been to

【1江苏·镇江】11. —The Summer Palace is wonderful. Have you ever visited any other interesting places? —Yes. Also, we _________ to the Great Wall.

A. have gone

B. have been

C. had gone

D. had been

【1江苏·苏州】12．—What do you think of the film“Avatar”?

—It’s fantastic．The only pity is that I________ the beginning of it．

A．missed B．was missing C．miss D．will miss 【1甘肃?兰州】13. In the past few years there ______ great changes in my hometown.

A. have been

B. were

C. had

been D. are

【1湖北·宜昌】14. ---There’s too much salt in the Chinese diet.

---So there is. The WHO says only 1.5 grams of salt ____ for each man every day.

A. is needed

B. needs

C. will need

D. has needed

【1广东·广州】15. — Excuse me, what's this for?

—It's a cleaner and it ____ to pick up dirt.

A. uses B is used C is

using D. used

【1四川?达州】16. When we got to Yushu airport , we were told that they ____ more than 500 people from the ruins (废墟) by earthquake.

A. has saved

B. saved

C. had saved

D. have saved

【1宁夏】17. ---Have you read this book?

---Yes. I ____ it two weeks ago.

A. am reading

B. have read

C. will read

D. read

A. am doing

B. were doing

C. was doing

【1重庆】18. If you ____ to the 1 Shanghai Expo next month, I will go with you.

A. go

B. has gone

C. will go

D. are going

【1浙江?义乌】19 It ____ to drive after drinking wine.

A. is allowed

B. is not allowed

C. is made

D. is welcomed

【2山东临沂】20. Chen Guangbiao says he _________ all his money to charities when he dies.

A. leaves

B. left

C. will leave

D. would leave

【2山东威海】21.—Mom, when can I go out to play football?

—Finish your homework first, or I ________let you go out.

A. don't

B. didn't

C. won't

D. haven't

【2?山东青岛】22. Hello! I'm very glad to see you. When_________ you_________ here?

A. did; arrive

B. will; arrive

C. have; arrive

D. are; arriving

【3 山东滨州】23. We know that she enjoys ______ books very much.

A. read

B. reads

C. reading

D. to read

【3 山东滨州】24. My pen pal Andrew found it difficult ______ Chinese well

A. learning

B. learn

C. to

learn D. learned

【3.山东菏泽】25. As one of the school rules, middle school students are not______ to smoke.

A. ordered

B. refused

C. allowed

D. forbidden

【3.山东菏泽】26. Our foreign teacher Mr Green ______us English since three years ago.

A. has taught

B. is teaching

C. taught

D. teaches

【3山东济南】27.—Why do you want to stay at home?

—Because I ______ good when I am with my family.

A. smelt

B. feel

C. taste

D. sound

【3山东济南】28. —Your paintings are so great, David! When did you learn ______?

—Three years ago.

A. to meet

B. to swim

C. to paint

D. to sing

【3山东济南】29. —Do you know Tom?

—Sure, we have ______in the same village for many years.

A. left

B. lived

C. come

D. gone

【3山东济宁】30.—Sorry, Mr Green. I have_______my homework at home.

—Never mind. But don't forger next time.

A.put

B.kept

C.left

D. remained

【3山东济宁】31.—Will you go and see the movie Net Mother with me?

—Thank you. But I _____it already.

A.saw

B. have seen

C. see

D.will see

【3山东聊城】32. —Do you know the Englishman?

—Yes. I _____________ him for two years.

A. get to know

B. have known

C. knew

D. got to know

【3 山东临沂】33. Traveling to space is no longer just a dream. Russia ______ the first hotel in space in the near future.

A builds B. will build C. build D has build

【3 山东临沂】34. Every year, more than 70,000,000 sharks ____ for their fins.

A. were killed

B. have killed

C. are killed

D. will killed

【3山东泰安】35. —I want a ticket to Shanghai this afternoon, please.

—OK. Will you please ______ me your ID card?

A. tell

B. serve

C. send

D. show

【3山东泰安】36. —I hear Mr. Zhang has gone to Beijing for a meeting.

—Really? Do you know when he ______?

A. leaves

B. was leaving

C. has left

D. left

【3山东泰安】37. —Mum, when can I watch TV?

—As soon as your homework _______.

A. finish

B. finished

C. is finished

D. will be finished

【3山东泰安】38. Don’t ________ so often. It’s bad for your health.

A. get up

B. stay up

C. look up

D. come up

【3山东·东营市】39. There a football match and a concert this weekend. Which one would you like to go?

A. is

B. are

C. will be

D. will have

【3山东日照】40. －Do you enjoy ______ a volunteer?

－If you want _______ this, you’d better join us.

A. being; knowing

B. to be; knowing

C. being; to know

D. to be; to know

【3山东日照】41. －I called you this morning, but nobody answered it.

－Oh, we _____ some running in the park.

A. are doing

B. were doing

C. have done

D. did

【3山东日照】42. Rock music may ________ nice to young people, but most old people can’t stand it.

A. hear

B. sound

C. look

D. listen

中考复习初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

中考复习初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表 The document was prepared on January 2, 2021

初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

1、一般现在时。 通常用“usually, often, every day, sometimes”。 一般现在时基本用法介绍 一、一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 二、一般现在时的构成: 肯定句： 1).主语+系动词 be(is, am, are )+名词（形容词，介词短语） 2) .其他主语+动词原形+其它 第三人称单数+动词-s+其它 如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。We study English.我们学习英语。Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 三、一般现在时的变化 否定句：1)主语+ be （is,am,are）+ not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 2)其他主语+do not(don’t)动词原形+其它I don't like bread 第三人称单数+does not(doesn’t)动词原形+其它He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句：1)Be（Is,Are） +主语+其它如：-Are you a student -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 2)Do其他主语+动词原形+其它 Does+第三人称单数+动词原形+其它+

中考英语动词时态复习(最新整理)

中考英语动词时态复习 中考英语动词时态复习 11 动词的时态 111 一般现在时的用法 1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：ever…, seties, at…, n Sunda。例如： I leave he fr shl at 7 ever rning 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth ves arund the sun 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east f hina 上海位于中国东部。 3）表示格言或警句。例如： Pride ges befre a fall 骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：lubus prved that the earth is rund 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I dn’t ant s uh 我不要那么多。 Ann rites gd English but des nt spea ell 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：N I put the sugar in the up 把糖放入杯子。 I a ding her n 我正在做功。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的n 是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

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