英语四六级英语阅读理解常见题型解析

英语四六级英语阅读理解常见题型解析

词汇和语义理解题

词汇和语义理解题对词汇理解的考查是阅读测试的一个重要方面。词汇题往往要求对文章中的某个单词、短语甚至句子等找出近义词或最合适的解释。这类题需要考生拥有较大的词汇量。这类试题主要测试考生利用上下文猜测生词词义的能力或确定常用词汇在特定语境中确切含义的能力。

生词可以大致分为两种类型：一类是单词本身并不复杂,重要的是要求考生能够在特定的语境中判断出该词的含义,这类词一般是多义词;另外一类则为纯粹的生词,对于这类词汇,考生应该从词性及其在句子中所起的语法作用确定生词所处的语境,用整个句子所具有的意思来分析词义,确定生词与上下文中的其他词是否具有同义、近义或反义等关系。

1. 词汇和语义理解题常见提问形式

The author uses the phrase “...” to illustrate...

From the passage, we can infer that the word “...” is...

What does the word “...” mean in this passage?

What do we kn ow about the author's house from “...” ?

Which of the following does the word “...” in line...refers to?

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence “...”?

2. 词汇和语义理解题命题规律

(1) 含有指示代词的句中,常考查词汇或短语。

(2) 具体环境中,具有指代上下文语义功能的词汇，尤其是名词,常成为考查对象。

(3) 常考一词多义的常见词及词组。有些词一词多义,要求考生能通过阅读理解该词的确切含义。平时积累生词时,一定要掌握在大纲规定范围内的所有词义，这样考试才会胸有成竹。

(4) 对比处常考这类题目考查考生能否从有对比含义的上下文中猜测出某个单词的含义。

(5) 复杂句常考复杂句句子结构复杂,句子之间的指代关系复杂,主要考查考生的理解能力。

3. 词汇和语义理解题答题技巧

考生拥有比较大的词汇量和一定的构词知识,这自然有助于理解短文意义和解答词汇理解类型题目。但由于测试文章题材广泛,体裁多样,并且同一单词在不同的语境中或上下文中有不同的含义,考生在测试时必然会遇到一些生词或熟词的生僻词义。因此掌握正确的猜测方法有助于考生正确地解答词汇理解类型题。确定词汇在文章中的准确含义,取决于对其所在的上下文的正确理解,并在理解的基础上推测词义。

一般常见的方法如下:

(1) 利用上下文与该词逻辑和意义上的联系

The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after revolution he was banished.

A few members of the Senate opposed the decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country forever.

从上下文中我们知道第二句中的the decision指的就是he was banished,少数

人反对这个决定，多数人支持这个决定：国王必须永远离开这个国家。由此我们可以推测banish为“驱逐,流放”之意。

(2) 利用文章中的定义或者解释

Procrastinators are people who have a chronic habit of putting things off, usually until the last minute and sometimes until it is too late altogether.

这句话实际上是给procrastinators下了一个定义,从中我们可以猜测其意义是“拖延者，拖拖拉拉的人”。

(3) 利用对比关系

所谓对比关系,就是利用相邻两句(或者两个分句)结构上或意义上的对比来猜测词义。

In spite of his aged appearance, his movements were spirited as a young man’s. 短语in spite of连接让步状语,对主句的意思起反衬作用,使前后两部分形成意义上的对比。根据对比可以推知spirited意为“有精神的,朝气蓬勃的”。

(4) 利用同位关系

在一个句子中,有时两个或者两个以上的词构成同位关系,起同样的作用,意义大体相近或具有一定的联系。这种同位关系有时通过破折号表示,有时通过一定的解释性提示词表示。如:particularly, mainly, chiefly, such as, say, for example, or, namely, in other words, that is to say等。

Have some sherries—the most distinguished wine from Spain.

通过破折号后面的意义,我们可以得知sherries是一种西班牙产的酒。

(5) 利用定语从句

有时在某些生词或者重要的词后面,作者使用定语从句来进一步解释说明,考生可以通过理解定语从句的意义来猜测该词的意义。

This set of book is for children. The first book of the sequence, which is one of the most popular series of children's stories, is actually a collection of stories about the people in the village.

定语从句说明了sequence的含义是a series of books。

(6) 利用举例

某些词的意思也可通过such as, like, for example, for instance等举例加以说明。

如: Many ships leave land and disappear completely; the US Cyclops, for example, vanished in 1918.

由for example可知vanish与disappear是同义词,意思是“消失，失踪”。

(7) 利用同义信息和反义信息这是推断生词最重要的手段。

作者常用意义相同或相近的词来解释某词,有时也用表示原因的短语或句子,或在意义上可以互补的词来解释说明某词。

如: It is difficult to list all of my father's attributes because he has so many different talents and abilities.

从原因状语从句中的talents和abilities可以猜测出attributes意为“才能”。

通过反义词和转折词,如but, yet, however, instead, rather than, on the contrary 等往往也可以猜出生词的词义。

如: Storming out of the room only exacerbates the situation rather than ease it.

rather than是表示否定意义的并列词语,由此可知exacerbate是ease的反义词,故可以猜出exacerbate的意思是“加剧”或“恶化”。

(8) 利用类属词

英语中有些词指某类事物的总称,这些词称为类属词。

如resources为资源的总称,其中包括oil, silver, water等。这实际上是一般和具体的关系。阅读时应注意发现词语之间的这种关系,以便猜出某些词的意义。

如: Household appliances, especially TV sets, washing machines and tape recorders, are selling well these days.

电视机、洗衣机和录音机均属电器,因此可以推出household appliances的意思是“家用电器”。

(9) 利用构词法

通过构词法,如前缀和后缀也可推测词义。

如: Antibiotics such as penicillin will not cure the flu.

前缀anti-表示“反，抗”的意思,又根据penicillin(青霉素)一词,可推断antibiotics的意思是“抗生素”。

观点态度题

观点态度题通常作者的观点或态度往往会在文章的措辞、文体和结构中得以反映。他们大都采取比较客观(objective)和实事求是(factual)的态度,其写作意图是向读者提供信息(information)。但有时会在文章中表现出一些个人的感情色彩,或批评(critical),或讽刺(ironic),或感叹(impressed)。

要做对这类题,必须正确理解作者真正的观点,同时还要正确地推断作者的语气、态度,弄清作者写这篇文章的目的,作者的态度是肯定还是否定,以及文中的事实论据是否支持作者的论点等。同时还必须体会作者的用词和其他修饰手段,例如比喻和讽刺。在读文章的时候要注意表示作者态度的一些词语,比如sure, satisfaction, magnanimous,还有一些带有消极意义的词,比如ruffled, stingy等。

常见的提问方式有:

What is the author’s opinion?

How does the author feel about...?

Which of the following can best describe the style of the passage?

事实细节题

事实细节题这类题型侧重考查考生对短文中某个特定细节内容的理解。特征是题干中的某些词语和表达方式与原文中的相吻合,这就指出了原文与问题相关的地方,考生直接去查找即可。

事实细节题首先可分为两大类:第一类是词语细节类,答案几乎可直接从短文中获取,考生只需按照题干中的中心词返回原文,找到与其相对应的词语,就能在对应词的周围找到答案;第二类是隐含细节类,从题干部分很难直接找到与原文对应的词语，其答案间接地隐含在文中,有时答案还可能是原文中某一事实的原因、结果、前提等。需要考生仔细推敲选项作答。

1.事实细节题常见的提问形式

细节类试题的提问方式灵活多变,对象涉及短文的各种具体细节,如询问时间、距离、数量等,需要认真计算;有的涉及正误判断,要先看选项,根据选项提供的线索找到文中相应部分,最后选出肯定答案;还有的询问事实、原因、结果、方式等。如:

We learn from the last paragraph that...

Which is the real reason for...

The author mentions all of the following EXCEPT .

What is the example of...as described in the passage?

According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc.)...

The first paragraph describes in detail...

2. 事实细节题命题规律

(1) 列举处常考

列举处指的是First, ..., Second, ..., Third, ...等并列关系词出现的部分。要求考生从列举出的内容中,选出符合题干要求的答案项。列举方式有时不用数字排序,而是采取排比句式。

(2)举例与打比方处常考

为了使自己的观点更具有说服力，作者常以具体的例子来佐证。这些例子常会成为考点。因此考生应对引出这些例子的标志词加以注意。这类词很多,常见的有as, such as, for example, for instance, a case in point等。

(3) (指示)代词处常考

这类考题,常用来考查考生是否真正理解上下文之间的句际关系和意义。

(4) 引用人物论断处常考

作者为使论点更有依据,常会引用某些权威人士的论断及其重要发现。命题者常在此处做文章。

(5)特殊标点符号后的内容处常考

由于特殊标点符号后的内容常是对前面内容的进一步解释说明,因此命题者常对标点符号后的内容加以提问。具体来说,特殊标点符号包括:破折号(表解释)、括号(表解释)、冒号(表解释)、引号(表引用)。

3.事实细节题答题技巧

(1)若针对列举、举例子、引用名人言论、特殊符号(如冒号、引号、破折号)后的内容出题,考生要根据问题快速定位到原文相关部分,可只读例子、名人言论、特殊符号前后句的内容,然后与选项对号入座。

(2) 如果题目只是针对某一段的内容提问,考生只看该段内容即可,而不必等到把文章全看完才做题。

(3) 选项中照抄或似乎照抄原文的一般不是答案项,而同义词替换的选项一般是答案项。

(4) 意义表达较具体或肤浅地表达了字面意思的选项,一般不是答案项,而具有概括性、抽象的、含义深刻的一般是答案项。

(5)选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。这些语气词有:must, always, never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no, completely, none, hardly等,而选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词的一般是答案项。这些语气词有could, may, often, should, usually, might, most(大多数), more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or not, necessarily等。

(6) (尤其在议论文体中)那些符合一般常识,意义深刻，富有哲理,符合一般性规律的选项往往是答案项。

提示:细节题干扰项特点:①与原句内容相反;②与原文内容一半相同一半不同;③与原句内容相似但过于绝对化;④原文中根本没提到。正确掌握这些干扰项的特点,有助于考生帮助自己排除干扰项,做出正确的选择。

4. 情景题(辨认重要细节题)答题技巧

情景题也称辨认重要细节题，要求确定文章中涉及事件发生的时间、地点、原因、过程等,主要有两种形式:一种为是非题,要求考生以文章内容为依据辨明是

非;另一种是用What, Which, When, Where, Who, Why及How这类特殊疑问词来提问,但有时也用一个陈述句,要求考生根据文章内容选择一个正确答案。

针对细节题的特点,介绍两种解题方法。

(1) 照题查阅法:是指带着问题寻找答案,先看题目后读文章采取对号入座的方法,这种方法也称为对应法,在4个选择项中正确的一项往往是用不同的词、短语或句子表达与文章中相似的意思,所以能在文章中找到大致相对应的词,这时便可判定正确答案。

(2) 利用逻辑承接语解答:在解答特殊疑问词的提问时,考生应充分利用这些关键词,因为它们能帮助考生顺利地找到题解的线索和依据。例如:after, before, during, simultaneously等关键词可用来表示时间,因而能回答“何时”这个问题; because, for, for the reason of等关键词能帮助考生理顺细节，弄清它们之间的逻辑关系,如并列、转折、递进等，使细节条理化,便于理解和记忆。

推理判断题

推理判断题是各类题中最难的一种。要求考生根据短文中所给的信息、暗示,抓住内含语义,进行判断、推理,得出合乎逻辑的结论。推断题一般分为简单推断和复杂推断。

1. 简单推断

根据不同推断的特点,我们可以将推断题分为五大类:针对数字的推断,针对细节的逻辑推断,针对主题思想、作者意图的推断,针对作者态度、倾向、风格、语气的推断,针对作者思路的推断。

(1) 针对数字的推断

解答这类题目时,应该首先在短文中找到问题所涉及的有关文字和数字,然后根据各数字之间的关系和问题的要求予以推算。应该注意的是:有些问题要求考生做简单的推算,而有些问题只要求找出对应的数字,考生应该注意区别对待,得出正确答案。

(2) 针对细节的逻辑推断

回答这类问题时,考生应首先利用查阅的方法(scanning)确定推理依据的范围,然后进行推断。针对细节的推断可能要求对某一句话进行正确的理解或释义(paraphrase)，也可能要求考生从某一句话中推测出一两个事实。

在进行推论时,应该注意以下问题:①严格按照作者提供的信息进行推论,不能掺杂自己已知的内容推出未知,推理的依据应该从文章中找。②排除干扰项的影响。所谓干扰项,就是指选择项中的非正确答案。答案非常相似,考生应该特别注意分析,排除其影响,选择正确答案。

(3) 针对主题思想、作者意图的推断

文章主题或中心思想是解题的主要依据。要首先确定短文的主题和大意,然后分析句子与句子之间的逻辑关系及内容,区分观点和例证(opinions and facts),原因和结果(causes and effects),主观点和次观点。在透彻理解全文的基础上,根据文章的隐含意义推测作者的意图和写作目的。分析各选择项,选出最佳答案。(4) 针对作者态度、倾向、风格、语气的推断

作者写一篇文章,经常持有某种态度或倾向,例如对某个观点或赞同或反对、或犹豫不定、或批评、或客观陈述。文章中作者的观点和态度,除了直接表达以外,还常常以间接方式表达出来。有时通过全文的叙述,读者可以从文章中心内容领悟作者的观点;有时可以通过对作者使用的修饰词的分析推断作者的思想倾向和感情,这类修饰词主要有形容词和副词。另外,感叹词和一些富有感情色彩的动

词也能表达作者的思想倾向。

(5) 针对作者思路的推断

有些题目要求考生推测出短文前面或者后面可能涉及的内容。这类题的常见类型有:

What does the paragraph preceding (following) the one probably discuss?

The paragraph preceding (following) this may...

It can be inferred from the passage that...

2.复杂推断

复杂推断不但要以表面文字信息为依据,而且还要以文章的语境、内涵为前提。这是一种间接而复杂的逻辑推理方式。读者要透过文章的表层结构达到深层,采用归纳或演绎等方法,才可得出文章合乎逻辑的结论。

复杂推断通常涉及以下两个方面:推断上下篇主题(Predicting logical sequence);推断文章的来源(Determining the subject area)。

(1) 推断上下篇主题

六级考试阅读理解题通常摘自长篇文章。因此,它们是一个完整、协调和相对独立的语言片断,并与长篇文章中的其他段落保持一定的关系。有时,此类试题要求考生通过本篇内容来推断其上下篇的主题。这就不是一般的简单推断,而是要经过一番思索、归纳和分析,根据本篇的句型、结构、形式和内容,才能得出正确结论。通常,上篇的主题与本篇的主题句(或第一句)关系密切;而下篇的主题则与本篇的结尾句有关。考生要掌握这个规律。

(2) 推断文章的来源

推断文章的来源就是要确定其体裁(叙述文、说明文、议论文等)。文章总有类别之分，并有自己的读者对象。有时,六级试题要求考生推断文章的来源或归属,这种推断往往要以文章的主题、形式和读者对象为前提。考生只有在理解全文的基础上才能找出这些前提,并以此作出推断。

主旨大意题

主旨大意题一般考查考生对全文中心思想的理解。在解答这类题时,首先要抓住文章的主题句,然后在完整理解文章大意的基础上,对选项进行分析排除,得到最贴切的答案。由于不同的文章要求不同,不同的作者手法各异,主题句的位置也不尽相同。演绎性文章中,主题句一般位于篇章、段落的开头部分,一开始就明确主题,然后展开讨论。在归纳性文章中,主题句常出现于段末或篇末。有的作者喜欢开门见山,有的作者则喜欢做些铺叙,主题句也随之出现在开头或中间。

一般来说,篇章的主旨句多出现在文章段首,有时是第一句话,有时跟在however, but等转折连词后面;此外,第一段的开头或结尾倘若出现问句,则对这个问句的回答往往就是文章的主旨大意。应注意的是,这类题目的正确选择项通常不会是原文主题句的简单重复,而是其意思的重新表达。

1.主旨大意题常见的提问形式

针对主题

What is the topic of the passage?

Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?

针对主题思想

The main idea of the passage is .

Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea?

What does the passage mainly deal with?

针对标题

The best title of the passage is .

Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

The title that best expresses the main idea is .

针对目的

The main (primary) purpose of the passage is .

The author says she'll one day take her clients to dinner in order to .

2.主旨大意题命题规律

(1) 段首、段尾句常考

一般来说,短文中第一段首句或末段尾句往往是文章中心思想的表达处;有时某一段的段首、段尾句是该段的主题句。因此,命题者常在这些地方出题。

(2) 特殊标点符号,尤其在段首的特殊符号之后的内容,往往表达了作者的论点,阐述了全文的主题,常考。

(3) 语义转折处,尤其在段首处的语义转折处,常考。

(4) 因果句常考。

因果句也可表现出作者的目的、观点或文章主题,因此可成为考点。表示因果关系的词有:because, since, for, as, therefore, consequently, result in, originate from等。有时作者也通过先提出Why...?然后以回答的方式阐释文章主题。

3. 主旨大意题答题技巧

(1) 在时间紧迫的情况下,重点略读各段的开头或末尾几句。这些句子一般为各段的主题句,综合起来即可知晓文章的主旨。

(2) 阅读时,注意出现频率高的单词,这些词可能就是蕴含中心思想的关键词。这些关键词可能是同一个词多次出现,也可能是同一类词贯穿全文。

(3) 单从选项内容上判断,那些概括全文、内容全面、含义深刻的选项一般是答案项,而内容片面、单一或者含义过于笼统的选项应排除。

提示:主旨大意题干扰项特点:①只是局部信息,或是一句没有展开论述的话,或是某一段的主要内容;②概括范围太宽,此选项把文章的内容过于一般化,包含的内容超出文章阐述的内容,或是此选项没有具体的内容;③无关信息,即在文章中未提到或找不到选项所提到的信息。

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（英语）英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析 一、阅读理解 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。 D If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it, would you want to live it? Probably not. The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming. Sure, it’s hard to see uncertainty in such positive（积极的）light when you’re out of work, or when you feel like you’re failing. But uncertainty is really another word for chance. When Allison graduated from Harvard, she had chan ces all over the place but had no idea what she wanted to do. She took a job in consulting（咨询）, but she knew she wouldn’t stay there. She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income（收入）by teaching students. Still, she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school. Allison knew she w asn’t doing what she wanted, but she didn’t know what she wanted. She worried. All her friends were going to graduate school or starting their own businesses. She was lost and felt that she would never find anything out. After six years, Allison, by having a general（全面的）plan in mind, got married, moved to the Midwest, and used her consulting experience to get a great job. Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way: time well spent, and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ours elves. The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainty and make a choice. Otherwise your life is not your own—it is a path someone else has chosen. Moments of uncertainty are when you create your life, when you become who you are. Uncertainty usually begins with a job hunt, but it doesn’t end there. Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty. Instead of fearing it, you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty. （1）From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that . A. being out of work is a sad thing B. uncertainty is what makes life interesting C. life in a film is more exciting than real life. D. chance never appears when we need it （2）What troubles Allison after graduation? A. She couldn’t find a well-paid job. B. She had no money to start a business. C. She was not sure what to do. D. She didn’t score high enough for graduate school. （3）How did Allison feel about her six years’ working experience? A. Uncertain. B. Amazed . C. Sorry. D. Satisfied. （4）What may be discussed in the following paragraph?

英语四六级阅读理解

英语四六级阅读理解 1.选词填空 选词填空题是大学英语四级考试的新题型，占整个考试分值的10%。选词填空题的文章长度在220—250词左右，要求从给出的15个词中选择10个填入合适的空中。选词填空题的题目在考试*大设计时并非拿来一篇短文随便去掉几个词，设计者一般遵循以下原则：首句不设空;一句话中不设两空;设空比较均匀，基本覆盖整个段落;设空不影响考生对文章大意的理解;选项所提供的词皆为实义词，包括：名词、动词、形容词、副词等，它们与文章的上下文紧密联系;每个正确选项均有干扰项，相互干扰的选项之间不是同义词或近义词。因此，要做好选词填空题，必须要在熟悉选项、通读全文、把握文章结构与大意的前提下，根据所提供的词汇及句子的结构、语法和语篇等信息，通过逻辑推理、对比等手段最后确定答案。 (一)题型介绍 一篇长度为220个单词左右的文章，在文章当中挖掉10个单词，后面设置15个选项，要求选择正确的单词填入文章。该部分测试主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性、逻辑联系等语篇、语段整体特征以及单词在实际语境中的理解。 即：要求考生在理解文章的基础上弄清篇章的宏观结构，并进一步地具体细化到对每个单词的微观处理，如词性，时态等方面。 (二)解题技巧 首先，各位考生跳读全文，根据首末段原则以及首末句原则，快速抓住文章的主题。 其次，仔细阅读各个选项。把每个单词进行分类归纳。 然后，回到文中，分析句子结构，判断出句中所缺成分及所需要词性。 最后，返回原文，检查是否通顺、内在逻辑关系是否连贯，如有问题，需要谨慎地进行微调。 (三)注意事项

①重点分析动词的时态和语态(注意一般现在时中第三人称单数形式)，名词的单复数等。根据上下文时态对应等原则，进一步缩小选择范围。 ②选项中出现一组反义词时，有一个是干扰选项。 ③选项中出现代词时，该选项一定不能放在首句。 ④选项中出现一组近义词时，有一个通常是干扰选项，它注重考查的是词汇的精确理解。 ⑤选项为连词时，要特别注意句子间存在的逻辑关系。 常见的逻辑关系：因果，并列平行，递进，转折，对比，前后意思一致等。 ⑥先易后难，要有全局观。 做题时先把最有把握的词挑出，然后去除该选项，逐步缩小选择范围。 选词填空题的解题步骤及技巧： 一、浏览全文和选项 这一步是为了了解文章的大致内容和选项，做到心中有数。主要关注文章中涉及的人物、事件、地方、原因以及结果。反复出现的词将会是帮助大家掌握文章大致内容的重要线索。 二、确定选项的词性 选项中的15个词是考查的关键，对于熟悉的单词标明词性和词义，不熟悉的单词或者不认识的单词只需标明词性。 辨别词性要注意以下几点： 1. 动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。非谓语动词包括：动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。过去分词有两种可能性(形容词和动词的过去分词), 无法确定时标问号。

初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧

初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧

英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧 曾经就有人用"成也阅读，败也阅读"来形容中考阅读，足可见其重要性。通过对近几年中考试卷的研究发现，中考阅读理解的主要考查方式其实只有两种：主观题型和客观题型。关于这一点我们稍后再做详细介绍。我们先来了解一下中考所考查文章的体裁与内容，通过对近几年中考试卷的总结研究，中考阅读理解对于体裁的考查较多样，多为记叙文、说明文、应用文，有时也会考议论文。总之对于体裁的考查不会太单一。而文章的题材内容也比较丰富，一般会有小故事、日常生活事件、报刊杂志内容、文化习俗、名人轶事等。 首先，我们分析客观题的题目设置。主要有三种形式：一、细节题；二、概括题；三、推测题。那么，什么是细节题呢？就是那些考查文章中有关事情发生的具体细节的题目，如：时间、地点、人物、事件经过、方式、结果等；什么是概括题呢，就是从文章的整体层面上设置的一类综合性题目，如：为文章选择一个恰当的题目、推测本文作者想要表达的中心思想以及写作目的等；最后一种推测题是这几种题型中难度最大的，它需要建立在对整篇文章内容熟悉掌握的基础上，主要出题形式有根据文章的上下文，猜测某一个

2.浏览全文，掌握全貌 如果时间紧，至少要快速通读全文，尤其是首两段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来，这样全文的梗概便一目了然了。 3.细读题目，抓住要点 对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。另外还要注意试题难易，应暂时绕开那些少数较难的题目，先做最有把握、最熟悉的题目，也就是该类题可以直接或间接从文章中找到的。而对于那些要通过对文章归纳判断、逻辑推理的题目，需要再对全文快速阅读，仔细分析思考，反复比较、推敲选出正确答案。若文章短可先读短文，后看文后题目；如果文章太长，你可以先把文章后面的问题看一遍，带着问题去看文章。这样可以帮助你去掉杂念，提高阅读速度和解题的正确性。要善于找关键句，特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句话，往往就是关键句，可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌，理解文章的主题。此外，还应该细读文章，因为有时的试题是考细节。可以边读边用铅笔做点标记，把