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高一上期中选题10.

.偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)是一种高能燃料,燃烧产生的巨大能量可作为航天运载火箭的推动力。

下列叙述正确的是()

A 偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)的摩尔质量为60g

B 6.02×1023个偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)分子的质量为60g

C 1 mol 偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)的质量为60 g/mol

D 6g偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)含有N A个偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)分子

1.除去NaCl中含有的Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-、HCO3-等离子,通常采用以下四种试剂:①Na2CO3②BaCl2③NaOH ④HCl。加入试剂合理的操作顺序是………..( )

A.①②③④B.③①②④

C.④②①③D.③②①④

2.在无色强酸性溶液中,下列各组离子能够大量共存的是…………..…...…..( )

A.Cl -、Na+、NO3-、Ca2+

B.NH4+、HCO3-、Cl-、K+

C.K+、Ba2+、Cl-、SO42-

D.Cu2+、NH4+、I-、Cl-

4.某溶液中存在较多的H+、SO42-、NO3-,则溶液中还可能大量存在的离子组是()

A.Mg2+、Ba2+、Br- B.Al3+、CH3COO-、Cl-

C.Mg2+、Cl-、Fe2+ D.Na+、NH4+、Cl-

7. 在pH=1的无色溶液中,可以大量共存,且加入金属锌可产

生H2的一组离子是

A. Na+、K+、HCO3-、NO3-

B. Na+、K+、Cl-、MnO4-

C. NH4+、K+、SO42-、Cl-

D. Na+、Fe2+、NO3-、Cl-

8、某无色溶液中,放入金属铝,产生了无色气体,则该溶液中下列离子一定能共存的是

A.Na+、Mg2+、HCO3—、NO3—

B.K+、Na+、Cl—、SO42—

C.Cu2+、NH4+、SO42—、Cl—

D.Na+、Ba2+、Fe2+、NO3—

14.某溶液中含有CH3COO-、SO42-、SO32-、HCO3-、CO32-等五种离

子。将过量的Na2O2固体加入其中后,仍能大量存在的离子是()

A.CH3COO-、SO42-、HCO3-

B.SO42-、SO32-、CO32-

C.SO32-、HCO3-

D.CH3COO-、SO42-、CO32-

13.下列在限定条件溶液中的各组离子,能够大量共存的是()A.pH=3 的溶液:Na+、Cl-、Fe2+、ClO-

B.与Al能产生氢气的溶液:K+、SO-2

4、CO-2

3

、NH4+

C.使酚酞试液变红的溶液:Na+、Cl-、SO-2

4

、Al3+

D.水电离的H+浓度为1×10-12mol·L-1的溶液:K+、Ba2+、Cl-、

Br-

11.下列离子方程式书写正确的是()A.金属钠投入水中:Na+H2O Na++OH-+H2↑

B.铜加入衡硝酸:3Cu+8H++2NO3- 3Cu2++2NO↑+4H2O

C.向AlCl3溶液中加入过量氨水:Al3++4NH3·H2O

Al2-+4NH4++2H2O

D.澄清石灰水与过量NaHCO3溶液混合:Ca2++OH-+HCO3-

CaCO3↓+H2O

3.下列离子方程式的书写正确的

是…………..…………………..………….…..( )

A.实验室用大理石和稀盐酸制取CO2:2H++ CO32- = CO2↑+ H2O

B.铁和稀硝酸反应:Fe + 2H+ = H 2↑+ Fe 2+

C.向AlCl3溶液中加入过量的NaOH溶液:Al3+ + 3OH-=

Al(OH)3↓

D.NaHCO3溶液与NaOH溶液反应: OH- + HCO3-= CO32- + H2O

7、下列离子方程式中正确的是

A、铜与热的浓硫酸:Cu+4H++SO42—====Cu2++SO2↑+2H2O

B、氯化铝溶液与氨水反应:Al3++3OH—==Al(OH)3↓

C、铜与稀硝酸反应:3Cu+8H++2NO3-==3Cu2++2NO↑+4H2O

D、向氯化铁溶液中加入少量铜粉:Fe3++Cu==Fe2++Cu2+

26.在100mL某混合溶液中,c(HNO3)=0.4mol/L,c(H2SO4)=

0.1mol/L,向其中加入 1.92g铜粉,微热,充分反应后溶液中c(Cu2+)

A.0.15mol/L B.0.3mol/L

C.0.225mol/L D.无法计算

20.将质量为m g的铁与铜粉的混合物,溶于100mL 4mol·L-1HNO3溶液(过量),充分反应后所得还原产物为0.05mol NO,再向所得溶液中加入足量的NaOH溶液至沉淀完全。则沉淀质量为 A、5.52g B、(m+6.8)g C、(m+2.55)g

D、(m+12.0)g

13.能实现下列物质间直接转化的元素是()

+O2+H2O

氧化物酸或碱盐

A. 硅

B. 硫

C. 铜

D. 铁

15.下列四个反应中水起的作用与其它不相同的是

①Cl2+H2O、②NO2+H2O、③Na+H2O、④ Na2O2+H2O、

A.①B.② C.③ D.④

29.某混合气体中可能含有Cl2、O2、SO2、NO 、NO2中的两种或多种气体。现将此无色透明的混合气体通过品红溶液后,品红溶液褪色,把剩余气体排入空气中,很快变为红棕色。

对于原混合气体成分的判断中正确的是

A.肯定有SO2和NO B.肯定没有Cl2、O2和NO2

C.可能有Cl2和O2 D.肯定只有NO

28.稀硝酸和铜反应的化学方程式如下:

3Cu+8HNO3 =3Cu( NO3 )2+2NO↑+4H2O

(1)指出该氧化还原反应的氧化剂和还原剂,并用双线桥法表示出电子转移的方向和数目(在上面方程式中标出)。

(2)若生成标准状况下11.2LNO气体,计算参加反应的铜的质量以及反应中被还原的HNO3的物质的量。

5、有一充有10mL NO和NO2混合气体的试管,倒置于盛有水的水槽中,充分反应后,仍有6mL无色气体,则原混合气体中NO和NO2体积比为

A.1∶4 B.2∶3 C.1∶3 D.4∶1

12、有一充有10mLO2和NO2混合气体的试管,倒置于盛有水的水槽中,充分反应后,仍有1mL无色气体剩余,则原混合气体中O2和NO2物质的量之比为

A.7∶18 B.7∶43 C.1∶9 D.2∶3

28.(8分)已知将氯气通入浓氨水中可以发生如下反应:

3Cl2+8NH3=6NH4Cl+N2

(1)标明电子转移的方向和数目:

(2)当有17g的NH3被氧化时,生成的NH4Cl的质量是多少克?

24、(3分)正长石的化学式为KAlSi

3O

x

,则x= ,

把正长石写成氧化物的形式。

27、3.84gFe和Fe2O3的混合物溶于120ml的盐酸,刚好完全反应。生成0.03mol H2,向反应后的溶液中加入KSCN检验,溶液不显色。试求:

(1)原混合物中Fe2O3和Fe的质量分别为多少。

(2)原盐酸的物质的量浓度

4.实验室制Cl2的反应为4HCl(浓)十MnO2 △

MnCl2+C12↑

+2H2O.下列说法错误的是()

A. MnO2过量时,HCl将全部参加反应,

B.每生成1 molCl2,转移电子的物质的量为2 mol

C.每消耗1 molMnO2,起还原剂作用的HCl消耗4mol

D.生成的Cl2中,除含有一些水蒸气外,还含有HCl杂质

15.下列溶液中Cl-离子浓度最大的是()

A. 65mL1mol/L的KCl溶液B. 25mL3mol/L的NaCl溶液C. 20mL2mol/L的MgCl2溶液D. 10mL1.5mol/L的AlCl3溶液

14、研究反应物的化学计量数与产物之间的关系时,使用类似数

轴的方法可以收到的直观形象的效果。下列表达不正确的是()

A.密闭容器中CuO和C高温反应的气体产物:

12

C O C O

C O2C O2

n(C uO)

n(C)

B.Fe在Cl2中的燃烧产物:

1 1.5

F eC l22

F eC l3F eC l3

n(C l2)

n(F e)

C.AlCl3溶液中滴加NaOH后铝的存在形式:

A l(O H)3 A l3+A l(O H)3

A lO2-

A lO2

n(N aO H)

n(A lC l3)

D.氨水与SO2反应后溶液中的铵盐:

n(N H3 H2O)

n(SO2)

N H4H SO4N H4H SO4

(N H4)2SO4

(N H4)2SO4

16、(10分)(1)I. 合成氨工业对国防工业具有重要意义。写出氨的两种重要用途

II. 实验室制备氨气,下列方法中适宜选用的是。

①固态氯化铵加热分解

②固体氢氧化钠中滴加浓氨水

③氯化铵溶液与氢氧化钠溶液共热

④固态氯化铵与氢氧化钙混合加热

(2)为了验证木炭可被浓H2SO4氧化成CO2,选用下图所示仪器(内含物质)组装成实验装置。

①如按气流由左向右流向,连接上述装置(各装置只用一次)的正确顺序是(填各接口字母):;

②什么样的实验现象才表明已检验出CO2?;

③写出甲中反应的化学方程式。

12、氮化铝(AlN)广泛应用于电子、陶瓷等工业领域。在一定条

件下,AlN可通过反应:

Al2O3+N2+3C 高温

2AlN+3CO合成。下列叙述正确的是()

A.上述反应中,N2是还原剂,Al2O3是氧化剂

B.上述反应中,每生成1molAlN需转移3mol电子

C.AlN中氮元素的化合价为+3

D.AlN的摩尔质量为41g

23、(6分)相同物质的量的钠、镁、铝与足量的稀盐酸反应时放出的氢气的体积比为:;相同质量的钠、镁、铝与足量的稀盐酸反应时放出的氢气的体积比为:;分别将0.3mol的钠、镁、铝投入100mL

1mol/L的硫酸溶液中,三者产生的氢气的体积比为:。

22、在150℃时使NH4HCO3分解,将所产生的气体依次通过Na2O2

和浓H2SO4,则Na2O2增重ag,浓H2SO4增重bg;若将上述气体先通过浓H2SO4,则使酸液增重dg,再通过Na2O2,则使之增重cg。设气体皆完全被吸收,a、b、c、d质量由大到小的排列顺序正确的是()

A、d a c b

B、b c a d

C、a c b d

D、d c b a

15.将7.2 g CO和H2的混合气体与足量O2充分燃烧后,立即通入足量的Na2O2固体中,则固体质量增加()

A.2.1 g

B.3.6 g

C.7.2 g

D.无法确定

21.(8分)在足量的稀氯化亚铁溶液中加入1~2滴液溴

..,振荡后溶液变为黄色。

(1)甲同学认为是Br2溶于水变成黄色溶液;乙认为是Fe2+被氧化成Fe3+使溶液变成黄色。

(2)现提供试剂:

A.酸性高锰酸钾溶液 B.氢氧化钠溶液 C.四氯化碳D.硫氰化钾溶液

请判断(填“甲”或“乙”)的推断正确,并用两种方法加以验证,写出选用的试剂编号及实验中观察到的现象:

(3)若选用淀粉碘化钾溶液判断哪位同学的推断正确,是否可行?(填“可行”或“不可行”):;理由:。

31.(6分)已知在标准状况下,1L水中约能溶解700L的氨气,所得氨水溶液的密度为0.9g·cm-3,求饱和氨水的物质的量浓度。

32.(8分)在250mL 某混合溶液中,HNO3和H2SO4物质的量浓度分别为0.2mol·L-1-和0.1mol·L-1。向该混合溶液中加入1.92g 铜

粉,加热充分反应。

(1)写出该反应的离子方程式

__________________________________________。

(2)计算所得溶液中Cu2+的物质的量浓度。

24、(1)有A和B两种常见气体,A是一种能氧化氮气的气体,

则A的化学式为___________;B是一种能还原氮气的气体,B

气体与氯气混合见光可发生爆炸,则A与B反应的化学方程式:_________________________________________.

(2).在适当的温度和压力下,4体积某气态氢化物完全分解后,产生1体积的磷蒸气和6体积的氢气.由此可以推断该气态化合物的分子式为________;该分解反应的化学方程式为_____________________________________________.

20.(6分)为探究NH3的溶解性,某兴趣小组按如图所示装置进行实验(f为止水夹),请回答下列问题:

(1)写出实验室制取氨气的化学方程式。

(2)要得到干燥的氨气可选用作干燥剂。

A.碱石灰(CaO和NaOH的混合物)

B.浓硫酸

C.浓硝酸

D.氢氧化钠溶液

(3)用如图装置进行喷泉实验,烧瓶中已装满干燥氨气,

引发水上喷的操作是

(2)向沸水中逐滴滴加1mol·L-1FeC13溶液,至液体呈透明的红褐色,形成该分散系的微粒粒度范围是

mm。

5.下列物质是属于非电解质的

是………………………………………………………( )

A.NH3B.(NH4)2SO4C.Cl2D.CH3COOH 6.下列物质存放方法错误的是()

A 铝片长期放置在不密封的纸盒里

B 漂白粉长期放置在烧杯中

C FeSO4溶液存放在加有少量铁粉的试剂瓶中

D 金属钠存放于煤油中

7.在实验室中,对下列事故或药品的处理正确的是()

A 有大量的氯气泄漏时,用肥皂水浸湿软布蒙面,并迅速离

开现场

B 金属钠着火燃烧时,用泡沫灭火器灭火

C 少量浓硫酸沾在皮肤上,立即用氢氧化钠溶液冲洗

D 含硫酸的废液倒入水槽,用水冲入下水道

8.一定量的浓硝酸与过量的铜充分反应,生成的气体是()

A 只有NO2

B 只有NO

C NO2和NO

D NO2和H2

9.在MgCl2、KCl、K2SO4三种盐的混合溶液中,若K+、Cl-各为1.5mol,Mg2+为0.5mol,则SO42-的物质的量

为………………………………………………………………

( )

A.0.1mol B.0.5mol C.0.15mol D.0.25mol 10.等质量的钠进行下列实验,其中生成氢气最多的

是..……………………………( )

A.将钠投入到足量水中B.将钠用铝箔包好并刺一些小孔,

再放人足量的水中

C.将钠放入足量稀硫酸中 D.将钠放入足量稀盐酸中

11.在FeCl3和CuCl2混合液中,加入过量的铁粉,充分反应后,溶液中的金属离子是()

A Fe2+

B Fe3+ 和Fe2+

C Cu2+ 和Fe2+

D Cu2+

12.制印刷电路时常用氯化铁溶液作为“腐蚀液”,发生的反应为2FeCl3+Cu=2FeCl2+CuCl2。向盛有氯化铁溶液的烧杯中同时

加入铁粉和铜粉,反应结束后,下列结果不可能出现的是烧杯

中………………………………………………………………….

( )

A.有铁无铜 B.有铜无铁C.铁、铜都有D.铁、铜都无13.某同学在实验报告中有以下实验数据:①用托盘天平称取11.7 g食盐;②用量筒量取5.26 mL盐酸;③用广泛pH试纸测得溶

液的pH值是3.5,其中数据合理的是( )

A.①B.②③C.①③D.②

14.用98%的浓硫酸(密度为1.84 g/cm3 )配制100 mL l mol/L

的稀硫酸。现给出下列仪器(配制过程中可能用到):①100 mL

量筒②10 mL量筒③50 mL烧杯④托盘天平⑤100 mL容量

瓶⑥胶头滴管⑦玻璃棒,按使用仪器的先后顺序排列正确的

是…..( )

A.④③⑦⑤⑥ B.②⑤⑦⑥C.①③⑤⑥⑦D.②⑥③⑦⑤⑥

19.(6分)除去下列物质中所混有的少量杂质,写出有关的反应

方程式。

(1)镁粉中混有少量铝

粉;

(2)FeCl3中混有少量

FeCl2;

(3)Na2CO3中混有少量

NaHCO3。

(4)CO2中混有少量

SO2。

20.(16分)已知A.B.C.D分别是AlCl3、BaCl2、FeSO4、NaOH

四种化合物中的一种,它们的水溶液之间的一些反应现象如

下:

①A+B→白色沉淀,加入稀硝酸,沉淀不溶解。

②B+D→白色沉淀,在空气中放置,沉淀由白色转化为红褐色。

③C+D→白色沉淀,继续加D溶液,白色沉淀逐渐消失。

⑴则各是什么物质的化学式为:A 、B 、

C 、

D 。

⑵现象②中所发生的反应的化学方程式为:

⑶现象③中所发生反应的离子方程式为:

18.下列所列各物质的用途中,不正确

...的是

A.石英砂:制玻璃、制单晶硅 B.硅胶:干燥剂、吸附

剂、催化剂载体

C.碳化硅:砂纸、砂轮 D.硅酸:粘合剂、耐火材料

23.请注明各瓶中出现的现象,并用化学方程式表示下列变化中可能发生的反应(品红溶液、紫色石蕊试液和酸性高锰酸钾溶液不要求写方程式)

____________________________________,_________________

____________________

.偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)是一种高能燃料,燃烧产生的巨大能量可作为航天运载火箭的推动力。下列叙述正确的是()

A 偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)的摩尔质量为60g

B 6.02×1023个偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)分子的质量为60g

C 1 mol 偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)的质量为60 g/mol

D 6g偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)含有N A个偏二甲肼(C2H8N2)分子15.下列物质的用途错误的是()

A 硅是制造太阳能电池的常用材料

B 二氧化硅是制造光导纤维的材料

C 水玻璃可用作木材防火剂

D 硅是制取水泥的原料

9.为了验证NaHCO3固体中是否含有Na2CO3,下列实验及判断中,正确的是()

A.加热,观察是否有气体放出

B.溶于水后加BaC12,看有无沉淀

C.溶于水后加石灰水,看有无沉淀

D.取固体变色试样加盐酸,看是否有气泡产生

(2)向沸水中逐滴滴加1mol·L-1FeC13溶液,至液体呈透明的红褐色,形成该分散系的微粒粒度范围是

mm。

20.(6分)为探究NH3的溶解性,某兴趣小组按如图所示装置进行实验(f为止水夹),请回答下列问题:

(1)写出实验室制取氨气的化学方程式。

(2)要得到干燥的氨气可选用 作干燥剂。

A .碱石灰(CaO 和NaOH 的混合物)

B .浓硫酸

C .浓硝酸

D .氢氧化钠溶液

(3)用如图装置进行喷泉实验,烧瓶中已装满干燥氨气,

引发水上喷的操作是

25.有一无色溶液,其中可能含有Fe 3+、Al 3+、Fe 2+、Mg 2+、Cu 2+

、K +、CO 32-、SO 42-等离子的几种,为分析其成分,取此溶液分别进行了四个实验,其操作和有关现象如下图所示:

白色沉淀第③个实验中,生成白色沉淀的量与加入NaOH 的量有右图 所示的相互关系。据此可知:

⑴在原溶液中一定不存在的离子有_____________________, ⑵写出④中产生气体的化学反应方程式________________

, ⑶写出第②③实验中发生反应的离子方程式

____________________ 。 23.(9分)

某同学设计了右图所示装置(夹持仪器省略)进行系列实验,实验时将药品A 逐滴加入到固体B 中,请回答: (1)若A 为浓氨水,B 为烧碱,C 为AlCl 3溶液,打开分液

漏斗旋塞,烧瓶中即有氨气生成,原因是 (结 合离子方程式回答)。一段时间后,观察到试管中的现 象是 ,发生反应的离子方程式是 。

(2)利用该装置设计实验证明醋酸、碳酸、苯酚的酸性

强弱,若B 为碳酸钠,A 与B 发生反应的离子方程 式是 ,能得到的相应结论是 ;试管 中出现浑浊,依据此现象能否得出相应的结论,请 简述理由: 。

10.某课外实验小组设计的下列实验不合理的是

( )

显紫色 沉

淀的

11.下列所列各物质的用途中,不正确...

的是 A .分子筛:吸附剂、催化剂

B .硅胶:干燥剂、

吸附剂、催化剂载体 C .碳化硅:砂纸、砂轮

D .硅酸:粘合剂、耐火材料

6.下列实验操作正确的是 ( )

(3)指出下面3个实验中各存在的一个错误:

A__________________________,B__________________________, C___________________________

9、下列关于金属的叙述中不正确

...的是()

A.金属固体一般具有导电性、导热性和延展性

B.活泼的金属或较活泼的金属能与酸反应,但都不能与碱反

C.金属元素的原子只有还原性,其阳离子只有氧化性

D.含金属元素的离子不一定都是阳离子

1.化学与生活、社会密切相关。下列说法正确的是()A.用NaOH溶液雕刻工艺玻璃上的纹饰

B.Na2O可用于呼吸面具中作为氧气的来源

C.工业上硝酸可用于制化肥、农药、炸药和染料等

D.向煤中加入适量CaSO4,可

大大减少燃烧产物中SO2的量

(3)从含碘的有机溶剂中提取碘和

回收有机溶剂,还需要经过

蒸馏过程。指出下列蒸馏实

验装中的错误(如右图)

①,

②,③。

(4)进行蒸馏操作时,使用水浴的原因是。最后晶体

碘在里聚集。

9. 铝分别与足量的稀盐酸和NaOH溶液反应,当两个反应放出的

气体在相同状况下体积相等时,反应中消耗的HCl和NaOH物

质的量之比是

A. 1︰1

B. 1︰2

C. 2︰1

D. 3︰1

16.欲使明矾溶液中的Al3+完全沉淀下来,适宜的试剂是()

A.NaOH溶液

B.盐酸

C.氨水

D.KOH溶液

25.(6分)取碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠混合物27.4 g,加热到质量不再减少为止,剩余固体物质的质量为21.2 g,试计算原混合物中碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠各为多少克。

11.有NaCl、KSCN、NaOH、AgNO3四种溶液,只用一种试剂就把它们鉴别开来,这种试剂是

A.盐酸 B.Na2CO3溶液

C.氯水 D.FeCl3溶液

18.(07宁夏)a g铁粉与含有H2SO4的CuSO4溶液完全反应后,得到a g铜,则参与反应的CuSO4与H2SO4 的物质的量之比为A.1 :7 B.7 :1 C.7 :8 D.8 :7

21.(8分)在足量的稀氯化亚铁溶液中加入1~2滴液溴

..,振荡后溶液变为黄色。

(1)甲同学认为是Br2溶于水变成黄色溶液;乙认为是Fe2+被氧化成Fe3+使溶液变成黄色。

(2)现提供试剂:

A.酸性高锰酸钾溶液 B.氢氧化钠溶液 C.四氯化碳D.硫氰化钾溶液

请判断(填“甲”或“乙”)的推断正确,并用两种方

(3)若选用淀粉碘化钾溶液判断哪位同学的推断正确,是否可行?(填“可行”或“不可行”):;理由:。

3. 制玻璃和水泥都需要的原料是

A. 黏土

B. 纯碱

C. 石灰石

D. 石英

20.已知X2 Y2 Z2 W2四种物质的氧化能力强弱顺序为:W2>Z2

>X2>Y2,判断下列氧化还原反应,能够发生的是:()

A.2W-+Z2=2Z-+W2B.2X-+Y2=2Y-+X2

C.2Y-+W2=2W-+Y2D.2Z-+X2=2X-+Z2

21.将含有O2和CH4的混合气体冲入盛有23.4克Na2O2的密闭容器

中,用电火花点燃,反应结束后,容器内的压强为零(150°

C),将残留物溶于水后,无气体产生。下列途述正确的是:()A.体中O2和CH4的分子个数之比为2∶1

B.残留物只有Na2CO3

C.混合气体中O2和CH4和分子个数之比为1∶2

D.残留物只有NaOH

22.在天平两边各做一质量相等的烧杯,分别加入100g水,向左

盘烧杯中加入4.6g金属钠,为了保持天平平衡,应向右盘中

加入金属钾的质量约为:()

A.6.22g B.5.12g C.4.52g D.3.90g

11、有一瓶Na2SO3溶液,可能部分被氧化,某同学进行如下实验:

取少量此溶液,滴入Ba(NO3)2溶液产生白色沉淀,再加入足量稀

HCl,充分振荡后仍有白色沉淀,对此实验下列结论正确的是

A.此溶液中Na2SO3已部分氧化

B.加入Ba(NO3)2溶液生成的沉淀一定含BaSO4

C.加HCl后的不溶沉淀一定为BaSO4

D.不能确定此样品是否被氧化

13、如图所示:若关闭Ⅰ阀,打开Ⅱ阀,让一种含有氯气的气体

经过甲瓶后,通入乙瓶,布条不褪色;若关闭Ⅱ阀打开Ⅰ阀,再

通入这种气体,布条褪色。甲瓶中所盛的试剂可能是

①浓H2SO4②NaOH溶液③Na2SO3溶液④NaCl溶液

A.②B.②③C.①②③

D.①②④

15、下列说法中错误的是

A.原子最外层电子数一定等于元素所处的主族数

B.同周期的IIA族元素与IIIA族元素核电荷数相差1或11

或25

C.金属钾与水反应比钠还要剧烈,铯与水反应时可能燃烧或

爆炸

D.116号元素在元素周期表中,处于第七周期第VIA族,属

非金属元素

16、在标准状况下将1.92g铜粉投入一定量浓HNO3中随着铜粉的

溶解,反应生成的气体颜色逐渐变浅,当铜粉完全溶解后共收集

到由NO2和NO组成的混和气体1.12L,则混和气体中NO的体积为

A.112mL B.1008mL C.224mL

D.448mL

18、按图1-1进行实验,试管内装有

12mL NO,然后间歇而缓慢地通入8 mLO2,

下面有关实验最终状态的描述正确的是

A.试管内气体呈红棕色

B.试管内气体为无色是NO

C.试管内气体为无色是O2

D.试管内液面高度上升

3.当光束通过下列分散系时,能产生丁达尔效应的是()A.蔗糖水B.食盐水

C.豆浆D.小苏打水

18.为测定某镁铝合金样品中铝的含量,进行了下列实验:取一

定量合金,加入100mL0.3mol·L-稀硫酸合金完全溶解,产生

的气体在标准状况下体积为560mL,再加入0.2mol·L-NaOH

溶液至沉淀质量恰好不再变化,用去350mL NaOH溶液。则所

取样品中铝的物质的量为()A.0.005 B.0.01mol C.0.025mol D.0.03mol

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