时态tense
动词时态
学习指南
而被动态（Passive V oice），则表示主语是动作的承受者。：
一般现在时P 2 一般过去时P 3 一般将来时P 6 现在进行时P 11 现在完成时P 13 过去进行时P 16 过去完成时P21 过去将来时P 23
一般现在时：(Simple Present Tense)
1、用法：1）现阶段习惯性的动作或状态。
2）客观事实,真理或格言。
3）表示一般将来时。（在时状或条状中）
2、谓语：1）动词原形。
2）动词后加“s”或“es”。
6）如果你忘了，我会提醒你。
7）当他到达时，请立刻通知我。
是否有出入？错在哪里？为什么？
Examples : 1) He is always late for school.→1
2) Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.→ 2
3) She often sleeps with her window open.→ 1
4) A rolling stone gathers no moss.→ 2
5) Yesterday he said that the earth is round.→ 2
6) If you forget it, I shall remind you.→ 3
7) When she arrives, please tell me at once.→ 3
说明：1）习惯性动作是通过频度副词表现出来的，所以记住一定数量的频度副词很有必要：frequently(频繁地、经常), always, hardly, never, scarcely(很少), often, occasionally (有时、偶尔), rarely(很少), seldom (很少), sometimes (有时), usually
2）在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，一定要用一般现在时，代替一般将来时。
3）主语为第三人称单数，谓语为一般现在时，谓语动词后，必须加上“s”或“es”。否则，为错句。
一般过去时：(Simple Past Tense)
1、用法：1）在特定的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。
2）用于“were”型和“if”型虚拟语气之中。
2、谓语：动词用过去时。
Examples : 1) I visited her yesterday. → 1
2) She was a doctor ten year ago. → 1
3) I would rather you went now.→2
4) It is high time that we started off. →2
5) If only I had a family. →2
6) I wish that she lived closer to me. → 2
7) They planted trees on this mountain last year.→ 1
8) If I had money now, I would buy a house.→2
说明：1) 句中没有特定的过去时间时，最好不要用过去时。
2) 过去时在虚拟语气中的应用问题，在虚拟语气那一讲中有详细说明。
Exercises
I. Turn the verb into Simple Present Tense or Simple Past Tense:
（将括号中的动词转化为一般现在时和一般过去时）
1. His father _____ (leave) home when he was five years old.
2. Crying _____ (mend) no hole when the failure appears.
3. She _____ (advise) her son to get married at the age of twenty.
4. You must wait until she _____ (come) back from work.
5. Our teacher said yesterday that practice _____ (make) perfect.
6. He will come to see me when he _____ (arrive) here tomorrow.
7. She______ (receive) a letter from the young man last week.
8. I would rather you ____ (start) off to the hospital at once.
9. She always _____ (get) up at a quarter to seven in the morning.
10. It is about time that you ______ (come) over to help me.
11. It seems as if the sky ____ (fall) down at this moment.
12. I wish you and your family _____ (have) a good journey.
13. If only he _____(can) come to cure diseases for my son.
14. He _____ (tell) me that he had once bought a car there.
15. She acts as if she _____ (be) the leader of that factory.
16. He ____ (love) sitting under the tree playing chess.
17. I would rather you ____ (live) closer to the school.
18. If it _____ (rain) tomorrow, the match will be delayed.
19. Suppose he _____ (be) a murderer, what would you do?
20. The teacher said that five and five ______ (make) ten.
21. She remarked happily this soup ______ (taste) wonderful.
22. The Yangtze River ______ (flow) into the East China Sea.
23. Do you know who this car ______ (belong) to at present?
24. I think that eight times eight ______ (equal) sixty-four.
25. We ______ (raise) pigs & cows on this mountain each year. Keys to Exercise I
1. His father left home when he was five years old.
2. Crying mends no hole when the failure appears.
3. She advised her son to get married at the age of twenty.
4. You must wait until she comes back from work.
5. Our teacher said yesterday that practice makes perfect.
6. He will come to see me when he arrives here tomorrow.
7. She received a letter from the young man last week.
8. I would rather you started off to the hospital at once.
9. She always gets up at a quarter to seven in the morning.
10. It is about time that you came over to help me.
11. It seems as if the sky were falling down at this moment.
12. I wish that you and your family had a good journey .
13. If only he could come to cure diseases for my son.
14. He told me that he had once bought a car there.
15. She acts as if she were the leader of that factory.
16. He loves sitting under the tree playing chess.
17. I would rather you lived closer to the school.
18. If it rains tomorrow, the match will be delayed.
19. Suppose he were a murderer, what would you do?
20. The teacher said that five and five makes ten.
21. She remarked happily this soup tasted wonderful.
22. The Yangtze River flows into the East China Sea.
23. Do you know who this car belongs to at present?
24. I think that eight times eight equals sixty-four.
25. We raise pigs & cows on this mountain each year.
一般将来时：(Simple Future Tense)
1、用法：表示动作未来发生。（总用法）
2、谓语：（注：含分用法。）
1）shall / will +do（表示未来的“意愿”、“意图”或“预见”）2）be going to + do（表示未来的“意图”或“预见”）
3）be to + do（按计划安排将要发生的动作）
4）be doing（按计划安排将要发生的动作）
5）be about to +do（表示动作即将在未来发生）
6）一般现在时（只用于条件状语和时间状语从句中）
3. 举例：1）如果有必要的话，我会帮你。
2）今天下午将会有一场风暴。
3）她会出席明天的会议。
4）我打算参加那个会议。
5）我想天很快就要下雨了。
6）明天将会有一场地震。
7）主席计划下个月出访美国。
8）我们计划今晚和史密斯先生喝茶。
9) 我们很快就要出发去上海。
10）请做好一切准备，实验就要开始了。
11）我们一家计划今年迁居澳门。
12）如果她来看我，请立刻通知我。
13）我一看完这本书就还给你。
14）我计划下星期到广州出差。
方法：想想上述句子，那个句子适合那个谓语？为什么？
然后将它们翻译成英文。对照所给的答案，看看
是否有出入？错在哪里？为什么？
Keys: 1) I will help you if (it is) necessary.→ 1（意愿）
2) There will be a storm this afternoon.→ 1 (预见)
3) She will attend the meeting tomorrow.→ 1（意图）
4) I am going to participate in the meeting.→ 2（意图）
5) I think it is going to rain soon.→ 2 (预见)
6) There is going to be an earthquake tomorrow.→2 (预见)
7) The Chairman is to visit America next month.→ 3
8) We are to have tea with Mr. Smith tonight.→ 3
9) We are about to leave for Shanghai soon. → 5
10) Please get everything ready, the experiment is about to start.→5
11) Our family is moving to Macao this year. → 4
12) Please tell me at once if she comes to see me.→ 6
13) I shall return you the book as soon as I finish reading it → 6
14) I am going to Guangzhou on business next week.→4
说明：当现在进行时谓语用来表达将来发生的动作时，谓语通常都是一些“位置转移”的动词，比如：start, leave, reach, arrive, come, go, move, take off（起飞）等等，但在现代英语中，也
可以用“非位置转移”的动词。
Exercises
I. Fill in each blank with the future tense you‘ve just learned: (用一般将来时填空)
1. Hurry up! The plane _____ (take) off.
2. The plane _____ (arrive) here at 8 this evening.
3. If he _____ (come) here by bike, he _____ (be) late.
4. I ______ (give) you a definite answer tomorrow.
5. There _____ (be) a storm tomorrow morning.
6. It is so dark outside. I think it ______ (rain) soon.
7. Sir, don't turn me away. I _____ (serve) you all my life.
8. Please get everything ready. We _____ (go) there by ship.
9. Four other applicants ______ (come) to see us later today.
10. My parents ______ (come) to see me next week.
11. _____ you _____ (send) an e-mail to him this evening?
12. You _____ (sleep) better if you _____ (take) a sleeping pill.
13. You _____ (not be) there unless you _____ (be) his relative.
14. How long _____ you _____ (study) in the United States?
15. Where _____ you _____ (go) for this summer vacation?
16. She _____ (stay) here until her husband _____ (come) back.
17. Look at that drunkard! He ______ (fall) down from his bike.
18. They ______ (leave) for Australia tomorrow morning.
19. He, along with his family, _____ (move) to Macao next year.
20. If you don't study hard, you _____ (fail) to pass the exam.
21. We ______ (employ) someone to work as a receptionist.
22. We _____ (travel) in Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand this year.
23. We ______(go) swimming if the weather ______ (be) warm.
24. They _____ (take) a taxi when they ______ (be) in a hurry.
25. He is ill today. I think that he ______ (not come) to the party.
26. My parents ______ (be) very glad if you _____ (pay) them a visit.
27. The sports meet _____ (begin) as soon as the rain ______ (stop).
28. The manager ______ (be) in his office from 8 to 11 a.m. tomorrow.
29. I _____ (travel) around the world if I _____ (have) enough money.
30. The Olympic Games _______ (take) place in Beijing soon.
Keys to Exercise I
1. Hurry up! The plane is about to take off
2. The plane is arriving here at 8 this evening.
3. If he comes here by bike, he will be late.
4. I will give you a definite answer tomorrow.
5. There will be a storm tomorrow morning.
6. It is so dark outside. I think it is going to rain soon.
7. Sir, don't turn me away. I will serve you all my life.
8. Please get everything ready. We are going there by ship.
9. Four other applicants are coming to see us later today.
10. My parents are coming to see me next week.
11. Will you send an e-mail to him this evening?
12. You will sleep better if you take a sleeping pill.
13. You will not be there unless you are his relative.
14. How long are you going to study in the United States?
15. Where are you going for this summer vacation?
16. She will stay here until her husband comes back.
17. Look at that drunkard! He will fall down from his bike.
18. They are leaving for Australia tomorrow morning.
19. He along with his family, is moving to Macao next year.
20. If you don't study hard, you will fail to pass the exam.
21. We are to employ someone to work as a receptionist.
22. We are travelling in Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand this year.
23. We shall go swimming if the weather is warm enough.
24. They will take a taxi when they are in a hurry.
25. He is ill today. I think that he will not come to the party.
26. My parents will be very glad if you pay them a visit.
27. The sports meet will begin as soon as the rain stops.
28. The manager will be in his office from 8 to 11 a.m. tomorrow.
29. I shall travel around the world if I have enough money.
30. The Olympic Games will take place in Beijing soon.
现在进行时：(Present Progressive Tense)
1、用法：1) 现在某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
2) 按计划安排将要发生的动作。
3)现阶段正在进行的动作，并不一定是说话时动作正在进行，而是断断续续在进行的意思。
2、谓语：am (are \ is)+现在分词z
3、Examples:
1) I think he is living in Shanghai now. → 1
2) My uncle is coming to see me tomorrow. → 3
3) Mary is leaving China for America in a few weeks.→ 3
4) My little daughter is reading a novel these days.→ 2
5) Our train is now going through a tunnel (隧道).→ 1
6) Jane is studying law while her sister doing physics.→ 2
说明：1）表示现阶段经常发生的动作时，现在进行时常与always
（总是，老是）；continually（老是）；constantly（不断地）；
和for ever（永远）等频度副词连用，且含有一定的感情
色彩。例如：
He is continually finding fault with me.
他老是在找我的毛病。
She is always borrowing tools from me.
她总是向我借工具。
I am studying English for ever.
我一辈子都在学英语。
He is constantly complaining that he is a color-
blinded man. 他不断地抱怨自己是个色盲。
2）当现在进行时用来表示将来发生的动作时，谓语动词通常是一些表示位置转移的动词，比如：go, come , leave和meet等等。但现代英语中，不是
位置移动的动词, 也可以用于现在进行时，表示
将来发生的动作。例如：
I am meeting you at the airport tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午我到机场接你。
When is Brown taking his holiday?
布朗什么时候度假？
3) 用法2中所描述的：现阶段正在进行的动作，并不一定是，说话时动作正在进行，而是断断续续
在进行的意思。
现在完成时：(Present Perfect Tense)
1、用法：1）动作发生在过去，对目前有影响。
（注：瞬间性动词的“已完成”用法）
2) 动作发生在过去，一直延续到现在，对目前有影响。（注：延续性动词的“已完成”或“未完成”用法）释：“已完成”用法表示动作已结束；而“未完成”
用法，则表示动作有可能继续延续下去。
2、谓语：have / has +过去分词
3、举例：1）我曾经在某个地方见过她。
2）到目前为止, 该桥尙未竣工。
3）她刚刚买了一部新自行车。
4）我们已经在这里生活了十年。
5）我学习英语的时间长达25年了。
6）自1997年以来，我就没见过她了。
方法：想想上述句子，那个与用法1 相同？那个与用法2 相同？为什么？然后将它们翻译成英文。
对照所给的答案，看是否有出入？错在哪里？
为什么？
Keys: 1) I have ever seen her somewhere. → 1
2) So far, the bridge hasn't been completed.→ 1
3) She has just bought a new bike.→1
4) We have already lived here for ten years.→2
5) I've studied English for twenty-five years.→2
6) I haven't seen her since the year 1997.→1
说明：1）现在完成时，通常和如下副词、连词或介词词组连用：yet 还ever曾经
just 刚才already已经
never从不for a long time 很久
so far到目前为止up till now到目前为止
for ages 好几年了since 自从1995年以来
2) 现在完成时，也可以与现在有关的时间状语连用：
today今天tonight今晚
this week 本周this month 本月
this year 今年this century 本世纪
this morning 今天早晨this afternoon 今天下午
She has gone to Hong Kong this morning.
今天早晨她已经去香港了。
I have seen the film this week.
本周我已看过这部电影。
3）美式英语和英式英语的区别：
I have a book.(英) = I have got a book (美) 我有一本书。
I have to finish it at once = I have got to finish it to once.
我不得不立刻做完这件事。
4）完成时在“It is the first time that”中的应用：
It is / will be the first time that（一律用现在完成时）
It was the first time that（一律用过去完成时）
例如：
It will be the first time that I have eaten an apple.
这将是我第一次吃苹果。
It is the first time that she has seen a tiger
这是她第一次看见老虎。
It was the first time that he had left home。
那是他第一次离家。
5）将“It”变为this, this evening 或yesterday时，“that”分句中的时态不变。将“the first”改
为“the second, the third”等时，that 分句中
的时态同样不变。
This was the second time that he had left home。
这是他第二次离家。
过去进行时：(Past Progressive Tense)
1、用法：1）过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
2 ) 按计划安排在过去的未来发生的动作。
2、谓语：was / were +现在分词
3、Examples: 1) When I went downstairs, they were playing chess.→1
2) They said that they were leaving a few days later.→3
3) I was visiting a large factory at that time.→2
4) Nobody knew where they were going for the holiday.→3
5) Jane was getting up at half past six last week.→2
6) They were fishing at a pond from 3 to 5 yesterday.→2
说明：1）过去进行时的用法还可以概括为：过去有二个动作，其中一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。
2）从上述三个用法中，可以看出：它们和现在进行时的用法是一样的。只是我们把时间从现在推移到过去吧了。
3）与现在进行时一样，过去进行时也可以和always,
constantly, continually和for ever等频度副词连用，
含有一定的感情色彩。
My brother was always losing his keys.
我的兄弟过去老是丢锁匙。
Mary was constantly changing her clothes.
过去玛丽不断地更换衣服。
She was coughing continually yesterday.
昨天她不停地咳嗽。
Exercises
I. Fill in the blank with Present or Past Progressive Tense:
（用现在进行时或过去进行时填空）
1. The balloon ______ (fly) higher and higher in the sky.
2. We ______ (discuss) this problem seriously last night.
3. Who is the boy that ______ (stand) on the platform?
4. She said she ______ (study) in the classroom yesterday.
5. He always _______ (complain) about his being misunderstood.
6. They ______ (live) in Hong Kong & Macao at this moment.
7. The delegation ______ (fly) to New York at eight tomorrow
8. Recently we ______ (watch) an interesting TV series at home.
9. He said he ______ (play) cards with his friends last Friday.
10. She and her sister______ (read) English novels this month.
11. We ______ (learn) to repair all kinds of vehicles last month.
12. He ______ (study) Chinese, history and English this semester.
13. They ______ (move) to Beijing and Shanghai tomorrow.
14. You'd better stay outside while I ______ (write) my report.
15. I will phone you immediately when he ______ (arrive) here.
16. She said when she ______ (arrive), she would phone me.
17. The students ______ (watch) TV when their teacher came in.
18. He always ______ (wake) me up while I am sleeping at the dorm.
19. The house collapsed just as the firemen _______ (approach) it.
20. Many people jumped down while the bus still ______ (move).
21. You'd better take an umbrella, for it _______ ( rain) outside.
22. He ______ (study) history while his sister is studying English.
23. Don't make any noises! I ______ (talk) with a guest now.
24. Look! The bridge and the cars on it ______ (fall) into the river.
25. She said that she ______ (leave) for Canada the next day.
26. When they came in, we ______ (sing) an English song.
27. They ______ (prepare) for the exam when I came in.
28. He said they ______ (go) to Hainan on business the next day.
29. She told me she ______ (consider) what action to take next.
30. Be careful! This disease ______ (spread) to all parts of the city. Keys to Exercise I
1. The balloon is flying higher and higher in the sky.
2. We were discussing this problem seriously last night.
3. Who is the boy that is standing on the platform?
4. She said she was studying in the classroom yesterday.
5. He is always complaining about his being misunderstood.
6. They are living in Hong Kong & Macao at this moment.
7. The delegation are flying to New York at eight tomorrow.
8. Recently we are watching an interesting TV series at home.
9. He said he was playing cards with his friends last Friday.
10. She and her sister were reading English novels this month.
11. We were learning to repair all kinds of vehicles last month.
12. He is studying Chinese, history and English this semester.
13. They are moving to Beijing and Shanghai tomorrow.
14. You'd better stay outside while I am writing my report.
15. I will phone you immediately when he arrives here.
16. She said when she arrived, she would phone me.
17. The students were watching TV when their teacher came in.
18. He always wakes me up while I am sleeping at the dorm.
19. The house collapsed just as the firemen were approaching it.
20. Many people jumped down while the bus was still moving.
21. You'd better take an umbrella, for it is raining outside.
22. He is studying history while his sister is studying English.
23. Don't make any noises! I am talking with a guest now.
24. Look! The bridge and the cars on it are falling into the river.
25. She said that she was leaving for Canada the next day.
26. When they came in, we were singing an English song.
27. They were preparing for the exam when I came in.
28. He said they were going to Hainan on business the next day.
29. She told me she was considering what action to take next.
30. Be careful! This disease is spreading to all parts of the city.
Keys to Exercise II
1. He is constantly complaining about the poor living conditions.
2. She was writing an essay in the dorm at nine yesterday.
3. What are you doing for him at home tonight?
4. I am leaving for Japan with my colleagues next week.
5. We were missing you very much in those days.
6. We were studying philosophy at the party school last Friday.
7. They were building a large bridge last spring.
8. When I arrived, they were chatting in the office.
9. He was leaving his home when the telephone rang.
10. The students are observing the golden fish in the pond.
11. The U.S. president is visiting China next month.
12. Our family is spending the summer holiday in Hainan Island this year.
13. I'm meeting you & your family at the airport tomorrow morning.
14. I was studying in Guangzhou from 1982 to 1986.
15. I broke three bowls into pieces while I was cooking at home today.
语法知识—动词时态的知识点总复习含解析
一、选择题 1．They the English role play for the show last night. A．will practice B．practiced C．is practicing D．have practiced 2．—Look, Tom's parents look so sad. —Maybe they what's happened. A．knew B．have known C．has known D．will know 3．We’re not sure _______ there’ll be _______ or not tomorrow. A．if; rains B．if; rainy C．whether; raining D．whether; rain 4．Miss Brown, we ______ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now? A．finish B．finishing C．are finished D．have finished 5．No noise, please. Your brother ________ his homework in the next room. A．does B．is doing C．did D．has done 6．Which of the following is right? A．He is used to live there. B．My main job is spreading the message about protecting the environment. C．I have borrowed the book from the library for two weeks. D．Kids under 18 are not allowed to drive. 7．I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth. A．feels B．touches C．is felt D．is touched 8．My mother will be very angry with me when she out where I have been. A．finds B．found C．will find D．has found 9．—I called you at three yesterday afternoon, but you weren’t in. —I ________ a meeting at that time. A．had B．was having C．have had D．would have 10．—I'm sorry. There was too much traffic on the road. —Never mind. The meeting________for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has stopped C．has been on 11．Alice always________her notebooks. She is not tidy. A．lose B．lost C．loses D．found 12．—How long have you________? —For 10 years, we got married in 2005. A．married B．got married C．been married D．were married 13．Miss Smith in our school since five years ago. A．teaches B．taught C．has taught D．is teaching 14．—I can’t stand such loud music! — Sorry, I __________ it off. A．have turned B．turn C．turned D．will turn
被动语态各种时态构成表[1]
被动语态各种时态构成表： TENSE 主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice 一般现在时Simple present do does am is + done are 一般过去时Simple past did was done were 一般将来时Simple future will do will be done
shall shall 现在进行时Present continuous am is doing are am is being done are 过去进行时Past continuous was doing were was being done were 将来进行时Future continuous will be doing shall will be being done shall 现在完成时Present perfect have done have been done
has has 过去完成时 Past perfect had done had been done 将来完成时Future perfect will have done shall will have been done shall 现在完成进行时have been doing has 情态动词情态动词+do 情态动词+be+done Be have do
一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变 例：１、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 ２、主动：People regard him as brilliant. 被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。 1、边境发生严重列车事故，二人死亡，十二人受伤。 There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured.
各种时态的用法
各种时态的用法 一、一般现在时 构成：a．主动：动词原形（主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加s/es）；be动词要用am，is，are。 b．被动：am / is / are + 过去分词 用法： ①一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常用频度副词sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom及时间副词every day, night, week, month, year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night做状语。如： I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我6点去上学。 ②一般现在时表示客观存在及普遍真理。如： Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 注意：此种用法即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如： I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。 ③一般现在时表示格言或警句。如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。 ④一般现在时表示目前的情况或状态，常跟时间副词now连用。如： I am a teacher. Peter writes good Chinese but does not speak well. He lives in Beijing now, ⑤以here，there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. ⑥习惯性的爱好或行为。如： I like dancing while she likes singing. 我喜欢跳舞，而她喜欢唱歌。 We get up at six. ⑦在某些习惯表达法中，常用一般现在时表示已经发生过的动作或存在的状态。如： They say Wu Dong is ill. 据说吴东病了。 The paper says the disease is under control. 报纸上说这种病已经得到了控制。 The diagram tells us that people’s living is improving. 这份图标告诉我们，人们的生活正在改善。 ⑧在下列情况下表示将来： a．在（时间、条件等）状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如： I will give it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看见他就会交给他。 He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他，他会来的。 Suppose he doesn’t agree, what shall we do? 假如他不同意，那怎么办？ I shall do as I please. 我高兴怎么做就怎么做。 He will continue the work no matter what happens. 不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。 b．在the more…the more…（越…越…）句型中，前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将
英语时态总结(完整)
英语时态总结(完整)
英语时态 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。即指的相应时态下的动词形式。分为十六种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。(一….十六) 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。 （1）一般现在时（一） 基本形式（以do为例）： 第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）； 肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他； He works for us. 否定句：主语＋don‘t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他； He doesn't work for us. 一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。
肯定回答：Yes，（＋主语＋do/does）． 否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.） 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语 Does he work for us? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't What does he do for us? He works for us. 用法： A）表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征 B）习惯用语 C）经常性、习惯性动作。例：He always help s others. 他总是帮助别人 D）客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致 E）表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例：The me xt train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoo n.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。How often
时态的基础知识复习.doc
时态 英语语法中的时态(tense)是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。是表示行为、动作和状态在各种吋间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说吋态结构的吋候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 英语吋态可分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来吋，以及这四者的一般时、进行时、完成时和完成进行时。 在语法里,时或时态表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系。一般分为过去式、现在式、将來式，通常也有与表示动作进行或终止的进行式和完成式等体貌一起相连用的情况。 动词的现在时 一般现在时 (1)一般现在时表示经常性的动作或状态 一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时,常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day 等时间状语连用。如： The shop opens at nine every day. It seldom snows here. (2)一般现在时表示客观存在或普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound. Food easily goes bad in hot weather. (3)一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态 The picture looks very beautiful. Air contains oxygen and nitrogen.空气含有氧和氮。 (4)一般现在时在时间和条件状语从句中表示将來的动作或状态 I'll tell her about it as soon as I see her. When does the train arrive? (5)用于图片说明或剧本屮的动作提示和背景说明 INSIDE THE SHELTER: Stockton slowly turns to face his wife. The angry screaming cries of the people ring in their ears even as they depart. 防空洞中：斯道克顿慢慢转过身，面对他的妻子。那群人正在离去，而他们愤怒的尖叫声却还冋响在他们的耳边。 (6)电视节口直播解说 It's Carter to serve- he needs just one more point. He serves. And Smith misses. What a great serve!So the championshipgoes to 19?year-old Harry Carte匚 该卡特发球了，他只需再得一分就赢了。他发球了，史密斯接球失误。多漂亮的发球！冠军属于了19岁的哈利■卡特。 现在进行时 (1)现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作 表示现阶段止在进行的动作，通常有表示现阶段的时间状语，女0： today, this week, this month, this year, this term,now 等。如: He is writing a novel now. (2)现在进行时表示经常性的动作 现在进行时在表示经常性、重复性或习惯性的动作时必须与only, merely, simply, really,fast, rapidly, steadily, forever, all the time, always, constantly, continually, repeatedly 等频度副词连用。如：
小学四种时态句子结构以及 各种时态标志词
小学四种时态句子结构以及各种时态标志 词 一般现在时的句型结构 一般现在时的标志词： sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, five days a week, three times a month等. 1. 含有be动词的句子结构的变化： ①肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其他。如：I am a boy. 我是一个 男孩。 ②否定句：主语+ be + not +其他。 如：He is not a worker.他不是 工人。 ③一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它？如：-Are you a student? - Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. ④特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？如：Where is my bike? 2. 含有行为动词的句子结构的变化： ①肯定句：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学 习英语。 ②否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。 如： I don't like bread. He doesn't often play. ③一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其他？ 如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. ④特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？即：疑问词+ Do( Does ) +主 语+动词原形+其他？ 如：How does your father go to work?
时态用法归纳
时态用法归纳Mar 2, 2011 第一部分重点时态 1. 过去时与过去进行时 2. 过去时与现在完成时 3. 过去时与过去完成时 4. 进行时态表暂时性情况 5. 一般时态表将来 一. “一般过去时” 与“过去进行时” 一般过去时：指过去做完了某事,有结果。 过去进行时：指当时正做某事, 不知结果或不谈论结果。 1) We built a dam last winter. 大坝 We were building a dam last winter. 2) I was using my phone when the teacher came in. 3) My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. (NMET 89) 4) I don’t think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space. (NMET 95) Practice: 1) --- Has Sam finished his homework today? --- I have no idea. He _____ it this morning. (2004四川高考) A. did B. was doing （B ） 2) ---- What’s wrong with your coat? ---- Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me _____ on it. (2005重庆) A. was sitting B. sat (A) 进一步练习: 1.I first ______ (meet) Lisa three years ago. She ______ (work) at a radio shop at the time. (NMET 97) (met; was working ) 2.“Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.” “Where was I？” “You _________ (say ) you didn’t like your father’s job.” (2004年春招) (were saying ) 3. “You were out when I dropped in at your home.” “Oh, I ___________ (wait ) for a friend from England at the airport.” (2004广东) (was waiting) 4. Mary _____ __ (make ) a dress when she cut her finger. (NMET91 ) (was making ) 5. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I _____ (miss) half of it. (2004河北卷) (missed ) 6. ---You look very tired. _______ at all last night? --- No, not really. I’m tired out now. (2006陕西) A. Did you sleep B. Were you sleeping (A )
动词的时态知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)
动词的时态知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细) 一、初中英语动词的时态 1．— May I speak to Judy? — Sorry, she a speech in the hall now. A．makes B．has made C．made D．is making 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：--我可以让Judy接电话吗？--对不起，她现在在大厅做演讲。这是打电话用语，指的是现在打电话的时候正在做某事，所以应该用现在进行时。故选D。 2．Miss Smith in our school since five years ago. A．teaches B．taught C．has taught D．is teaching 【答案】C 【解析】句意：Smith小姐从5年前就已经在我们学校教书了。考查现在完成时。 since five years ago自从五年前以来，意为自从五年前以来他就教我们英语，表示状态的持续，用于现在完成时；现在完成时的构成：主语+have/has+动词过去分词；主语是Miss Smith，所以助动词用has，teach教，实义动词，过去分词是taught，故答案选C。 3．We a few museums while we were in London. A．visit B．visited C．have visited D．are visiting 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：当我在伦敦时，我参观了几个博物馆。A. visit 参观，用于一般现在时态，主语复数时； B. visited 参观，用于一般过去时态； C. have visited 参观，用于一般现在完成时态； D. are visiting 参观，用于现在进行时态，主语复数时；根据 while we were in London.可知主句用过去时态；故选B 4．—May I speak to Mary? —Hold on, please.She_______in the kitchen. A．has cooked B．cooked C．will cook D．is cooking 【答案】D 【解析】 句意：——我可以让玛丽接电话吗？——请不要挂断电话。她正在厨房做饭。根据Hold on, please.可知此处表示现在让对方别挂断电话，应是表示他找的玛丽正做某事，故用现在进行时be doing，故选D。 5． I _____ Chinese dishes for my foreign friends tomorrow evening.
一般将来时时态用法讲解
一般将来时时态用法讲解Last revision on 21 December 2020
一般将来时时态 1. 一般将来时的定义 一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon或短语next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime 做状语。如： What will you do this afternoon 你今天下午干什么 We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。 He is going to study abroad（到国外） next year. 明年他要出国学习。 2. 一般将来时的结构及应用 (1) shall / will + 动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。特别是表示客观性的事情或在某条件下要发生的事情，只能用此结构。如： What shall we do if he doesn’t come 如果他不来，我们该怎么办 Will you be free this evening 今天晚上有空吗 I think he will tell us the truth（真相）。我想他会告诉我们真实情况的。 (2) be going to + 动词原形。表示已经计划或安排好了的事情，也可表示有迹象表明肯定要发生的事情。如： We are going to have a meeting to discuss （讨论）the matter this evening. 今天晚上开会讨论这件事情。 Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to rain soon. 看一看那边的乌云，我想天要下雨了。 There is going to be an English evening this week. 本周要举行一个英语晚会。 (3) be +现在分词。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。这个句型中动词主要是瞬间动词：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等。如： Go ahead, and I’m coming. 走前面一点吧，我就来。 The dog is dying. 那条狗要死了。 Hurry up. The shop is closing. 快点，商店就要关门了。 (4) 一般现在时。表示一种严格按照计划进行的动作。比方说，上课、飞机起飞、火车离站等。如：
Tense(时态)
The present tenses Main points * There are four present tenses - present simple (`I walk'), present continuous (`I am walking'), present perfect (`I have walked'), and present perfect continuous (`I have been walking'). * All the present tenses are used to refer to a time which includes the present. * Present tenses can also be used for predictions made in the present about future events. 1 There are four tenses which begin with a verb in the present tense. They are the present simple, the present continuous, the present perfect, and the present perfect continuous. These are the present tenses. 2 The present simple and the present continuous are used with reference to present time. If you are talking about the general present, or about a regular or habitual action, you use the present simple. George lives in Birmingham. They often phone my mother in London. If you are talking about something in the present situation, you use the present continuous. He's playing tennis at the University. I'm cooking the dinner. The present continuous is often used to refer to a temporary situation. She's living in a flat at present. 3 You use the present perfect or the present perfect continuous when you are concerned with the present effects of something which happened at a time in the past, or which started in the past but is still continuing. Have you seen the film at the Odeon? We've been waiting here since before two o'clock. 4 If you are talking about something which is scheduled or timetabled to happen in the future, you can use the present simple tense. The next train leaves at two fifteen in the morning. It's Tuesday tomorrow. 5 If you are talking about something which has been arranged for the future, you can use the present continuous. When you use the present continuous like this, there is nearly always a time adverbial like `tomorrow', `next week', or `later' in the clause. We're going on holiday with my parents this year. The Browns are having a party next week. 6 It is only in the main clauses that the choice of tense can be related to a particular time.
初中英语四大时态知识点
一般现在时 一、概念： 1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 标志词或短语（带有表示频率的时间状语）：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc。) ,never， sometimes , seldom , usuall y等等She only write to her family once a month.她一个月只给家里写一封。 I go to work by bike every day。我每天骑自行车上班。 2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。 . He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客观真理 . There are seven days in a week. The sun rises in the east 。日出东方。 Ten minus two is eight。十减二等于八。 Light travels faster than sound 。光的速度比声音的速度快。 The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。 4) 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。 例：I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details。 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。 二、句式结构： 1）主语 + be动词 + 其他 2）主语 + 行为动词 + 其他 三、句式转换 1）be 动词的一般现在时的句式转换： 肯定句：主语+be+表语(n., adj.等)
英语16种时态总结
时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。英语时态分为16种： 一. 一般现在时用法： A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B) 习惯用语。C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. （下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sund ays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 二. 一般过去时用法： A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。 B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就
英语语法基本基础知识——时态
英语的时态问题 英语的时态可以分为：“时”(time) 和“体”(aspect)（又称为态）。时是指动作发生的时间，体是指动作发生时的状态。时间与体就象是坐标里的横轴和纵轴，它们的结合交织出了瞬息万变的时空，也构成了英语动词的时态问题。 时间分为：过去，现在，将来，过去将来 体分为：一般（在某个时间点）， 进行（延续某个时间段）， 完成（完成某个时间段） 完成进行（延续某个完成的时间段） 如此以来，英语中就有16种时态变化，现在就用动词为write例，看看它们的形式。 注意：里面的斜体字部分，由于时态过于复杂，几乎没有人真正去应用它们，可以忽略不记。 下面就常用的12种时态，（其中还有三种相对用的较少的，请注意）。具体分析一下。 一．一般现在时 表示现在的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态，常用于以下的情况 1、经常重复发生的动作或存在的状态，多与often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday, 等时 间状语连用。 He takes a walk after supper everyday My mother and father work at the same company. 2、表示性格，特征，能力。 Mr. Smith hates fish and never eats any. 3、表示客观真理或者普遍事实。
The sun rises in the east. 二．一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或者状态，常和表示过去某个时间“点”的时间状语(yesterday, last week, 3 years ago, in 1987)连用 She bought a car last week. He came to help me at that time. 三．一般将来时 表示将来的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态。 The train will arrive soon. We shall know the news tomorrow. 四．过去将来时 过去某个时间“点”上将要发生的动作或状态。 I asked her where she would spend her holiday. I told my father that I should go home next Monday. 五．现在进行时 表示现在的时间“段”上正在延续进行的动作或者状态。 I’m doing some washing. What are you doing? 六．过去进行时 在过去某一个时间“段”正在延续进行的动作。 I was working in my office at eight o’clock yesterday evening. He was making a phone call when I saw him. 七．将来进行时 在将来某个时间“段”正在发生的动作，一般表示一种猜测和未来的计划，一般不太常用。What will you be doing at 3 o’clock tomorrow afternoon? （明天下午三点你将在做什么哪） 八．现在完成时 表示动作在一个时间“段”的完成，而且这个时间段是从过去某一点延续到现在的。经常跟时间状语since 1987，for 10 hours , by the last year相连。 My brother has been ill for 3 days. I have not seen her since 1991. 九．过去完成时 在过去的某个时间“段”里动作的完成，从过去的一点再到过去的另一点。或者称为过去的过去。 He said that he had written her a letter. Helen rang me up after I had gone to sleep.
(完整版)各种时态结构的总结
各种时态结构的总结 各种时态的主动结构： 一般现在时（表习惯性，经常性，反复性）: 1.主语+am/is/are+其他 2.三单主语+动词-s/-es形式+其他 3.非三单主语+实义动词原形+其他 一般过去时（表动作发生在过去）： 1.主语+was/were+其他 2.主语+实义动词过去式+其他 一般将来时（表动作发生在将来）： 1.am/is/are going to+动词原形 2.will/shall+动词原形 过去将来时（表动作发生在过去的将来）: 1.was/were going to +动词原形 2.Would+动词原形 现在进行时（表动作现在或目前正在发生）:am/is/are +动词-ing 过去进行时（表动作过去某一时间正在发生）:was/were+动词-ing 现在完成时（表动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响或结果；或者动作持续到现在或将来）: has/have+动词过去分词(have/has done)(三单主语用has,其他人称用have) 过去完成时：（表过去某个动作之前的那个动作，即过去的过去）had+
动词过去分词（had done） 各种时态的被动结构：（done指过去分词）一般现在时：am／is／are done 一般过去时：was／were done 一般将来时：1,shall／will be done 2, am/is/are going to be done 过去将来时：1,would be done 2, was/were going to be done 现在进行时：am／is／are being done 过去进行时：was/were being done 现在完成时：have／has been done 过去完成时：had been done 含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词+be done 不定式的被动结构：“to be done”。
种英语时态的用法
本专题为大家讲解了16种英语时态的用法,为大家总结了英语时态表,方便同学们更好的英语时态的结构. 英语的基本时态由三种“时”（时间），四种“态”（状态）交叉构成。 三种“时”：过去现在将来 四种“态”：常态进行态完成态完成进行态 一般时进行 时完成时完成进行时 现在 study be studying have studied have been studying 过去 studied be studying had studied had been studying 将来 will study wil be studying will have studied will have been studying 过去将来would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying
时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 Ⅰ现在时态：四种 1．一般现在时态：表示现存的状态（be动词），经常做的动作 I do it. 我（经常）做这件事。 2．现在进行时态：表示正在进行的动作 I am doing it. 我（现在）正在做这件事。 3．现在完成时态：表示现在已经完成，对现在产生影响，形成结果 I have done it. 我（现在）已经做完这件事了。 4．现在完成进行时态：表示一直在进行的动作（字面意思已经在进行） I have been doing it. 我（现在）一直正在做这件事。 Ⅱ过去时态：四种 5．一般过去时态：表示过去存在的状态（be动词），经常做的动作 I did it. 我（过去经常）做这件事。 6．过去进行时态：表示过去正在进行的动作 I was doing it. 我（过去的某个时间）正在做这件事。 7．过去完成时态：表示过去已经完成，对过去的某个时间产生影响，形成结果 I had done it. 我（过去的某个时间）已经做完这件事了。 8．过去完成进行时态：表示一直在进行的动作（字面意思已经在进行） I had been doing it. 我（到过去的某个时间）一直在做这件事。 Ⅲ 将来时态：四种 9．一般将来时态：表示将来存在的状态（be动词），将来经常做的动作