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后置定语与定语从句

后置定语与定语从句
后置定语与定语从句

后置定语与定语从句

英语中的后置定语往往可以分为以下几类,形容词做后置定语,现在分词做后置定语,过去分词做后置定语,不定式作后置定语。而后置定语往往可以由定语从句演变而来,这种定语从句的关系词往往是关系代词在从句中充当主语。下面我们来逐一讨论:

1.现在分词作后置定语

⑴Who is the girl dancing with your brother?(现在分词作后置定语,表正在)

可改写成定语从句Who is the girl that is dancing with your brother?

The high building being built (=which is being built)there is meant for the old without children. It is expected to be finished in a year.(正在被建)

⑵Anyone touching the wire will get a shock.可以改成定语从句Anyone who touches

the wire will get a shock.

2.过去分词做后置定语

The jewelry (which is) worn by the Indians was made of bones.

The spaceship (which was) called Shenzhou Ⅴ, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei.

The Indians wearing (=who wore)jewelry (which was) made of bones greeted them warmly.

3.不定时作后置定语

表示未发生或即将发生的情况如

The project (which is)to be completed next month needs more people to help.

(即将完成的)

There are more pains (which are)to come.(要来的)

Children who lived closest to the Fukushima-1 Nuclear Power Station were among the first to be tested.(the first,the last之后常用不定式作定语)

4.形容词作后置定语

She is an American girl interested in sports.

I am a person optimistic about everything hard in life

如何区分定语从句、宾语从句和状语从句

如何区分定语从句、宾语从句和状语从句?(附习题)| 虫虫讲英语 2018-12-02 14:52 「虫虫讲英语」老少咸宜的英语学习号——有时候,语法换一种方式讲,就听懂了。 如何区分定语从句、宾语从句和状语从句,是学生最常问我的问题之一。今天,我们通过青铜、白银、黄金、王者四级难度的例句,一起研究下怎样一眼辨别英语3大从句。 01 概念 3大从句的区别均在于前面两个字:定语、宾语和状语: 知道了这几个概念,这三种从句就很好理解了: >> 定语从句:作定语的从句,做adj.修饰先行词;

在这里,dog “狗子” 是先行词,即“走在定语从句前面的名词”;定语从句 that shits a lot 其中的 that,指 代了前面的 dog,告诉我们这是一条怎样的狗子:拉很多的狗子。 >> 宾语从句:作宾语的从句,放在动词或介词后面; 第一句,宾语从句为普通的陈述句,放在 think 这个动作后面,由连接词 that 引导。 第二句,宾语从句已经改成陈述句语序,原来人讲的话则是一般疑问句Do you let it go “你丫放不放手” ?该从句放在 depend on 的介词 on 后面,一般疑问句由 whether/ if 引导。 >> 状语从句:作状语的从句,给主句增加信息量。 状语从句,是3大从句中比较好记的一种:有个完整的主句,从句是提供更多信息的,比如上述例句告诉我们他为什么养狗。只要熟悉九大状语从句的引导词(← 戳可查看),几乎一眼就能辨别出状语从句。 02 当堂练习 现在,我们一起看几个句子找找感觉。请判断下列句子是定语从句,宾语从句还是状语从句? >> 青铜 1. If it is fine tomorrow, I will visit you. 2. I helped an old man who lost his way.

英语定语从句用法总结

英语定语从句用法总结 定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法:1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如: He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如: The man we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book I bought last week? 注:在非正式文体中,用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略,但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略,但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如: It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注:“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 4. 作表语只用that ,它既可以指人,也可以指物,但时常省略。如: He is no longer the man that he used to be.

This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由,它的先行词只有reason。如: That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注:why时常也可以省略。如: That is the real reason he did it. + which; where = in he arrived. The office where he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时,一定要注意分析从句的结构,如果缺少主语或 宾语时,关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时,才能用when或where,试比较: I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导 非限制性定语从句。而why 只

4后置定语与定语从句

后置定语与定语从句 英语中的后置定语往往可以分为以下几类,形容词做后置定语,现在分词做后置定语,过去分词做后置定语,不定式作后置定语。而后置定语往往可以由定语从句演变而来,这种定语从句的关系词往往是关系代词在从句中充当主语。下面我们来逐一讨论: 1.现在分词作后置定语 ⑴Who is the girl dancing with your brother?(现在分词作后置定语, 表正在)可改写成定语从句Who is the girl that is dancing with your brother? The high building being built (=which is being built)there is meant for the old without children. It is expected to be finished in a year.(正在被建) ⑵Anyone touching the wire will get a shock.可以改成定语从句Anyone who touches the wire will get a shock. 2.过去分词做后置定语 The jewelry (which is) worn by the Indians was made of bones. The spaceship (which was) called Shenzhou Ⅴ, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei. The Indians wearing (=who wore)jewelry (which was) made of bones greeted them warmly. 3.不定时作后置定语 表示未发生或即将发生的情况如 The project (which is)to be completed next month needs more people to help.(即将完成的) There are more pains (which are)to come.(要来的) Children who lived closest to the Fukushima-1 Nuclear Power Station were among the first to be tested.(the first,the last之后常用不定式作定语)

从句归纳区分定语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句

从句小结 从句总述: 从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。 由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词,故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句。 1.主语从句(Subject Clause):用作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。 2.表语从句(Predicative Clause):用作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。 3.宾语从句(Object Clause):在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句. 4. 同位语从句(Appositive Clause):在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。其关联词多为that。 状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句等。 宾语从句 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:时态、语序、连接词。 一:时态和语序 1·主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。 2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。 3·主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时。 语序:宾语从句只能用陈述句语序,坚决不能用疑问句语序。 二:连接词 ①从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句. 例句: He told that he would go to the college the next year 他告诉我他下一年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车. ②连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. 例句: Do you know who has won Red Alert game 你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗 ③连接副词 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. 例句: He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.

定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析

学法导航 定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析 安丘一中高二英语组李建文 众所周知,定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点,老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。由此造成了这样一种现象:做题时,一遇到从句就往定语从句上想,尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型(主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句)也当作定语从句来理解,结果产生错误。因此,从某个方面来说,解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。 一、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后,形式上非常相似,尤其是由that引导时,最难区分。实际上,两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同,与先行词的关系不同。 1. 句法功能不同 定语从句相当于一个形容词,用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词(称为先行词)或整个句子;同位语从句则相当于一个名词,是先行词所述内容的展开,即说明先行词的具体内容。 定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分;而同位语从句中的引导词that(被称为连接代词)在从句中只起连接作用,不充当任何句子成分。 定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时,可以省略或被其他词代替;而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略,也不能被代替。 例1The news (that / which) we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。 例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。 点评:例1的中that从句是定语从句,其作用相当于一个形容词,用来限定the news,that在从句中作宾语,可省略。例2中的that从句是同位语从句,其作用相当于一个名词,本身就是the news的内容,that不能省略。 2. 与先行词关系不同 定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词,当that省略时,定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。而同位语从句通常与一些本身有具体内容可展开的名词连用,对这些名词进行补充说明或解释。常见的此类名词有:answer, belief, doubt, decision,explanation, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility,problem, promise, question, reason, story, suggestion, thought, truth等。同位语从句本身是一个完整的句子,常用that连接而不是用which 引导,that本身不充当句子成分,表示疑问意义的名词(如doubt, question等)后也可用whether, who, what 等疑问词引导。 例3The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important.她昨天告诉我的事实非常重要。 例4The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.她还不知道考试成绩这个事实是显而易见的。 点评:例3中that / which引导的是定语从句,修饰fact,用以限定说明是哪个fact,

定语从句用法总结

定语从句用法总结 一.定义:定语由一个句子来充当,那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类:分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. (限制性定语从句) weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. (非限制性定语从句) days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.(间隔性定语从句) ] 注:定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用;而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成:定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为:narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为:that,定语从句为:that are built close to each other 四.基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物,所以要去掉。) 五.定语从句中常见考点:

第4讲 定语从句(一)

Actions speak louder than words. 一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 如:1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man 和everything 是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词, 定语从句放在先行词的后面。 * 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格 whose)和关系副词where, when 、why * 关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定 语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 * 1.who 指人,在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. * 2. whom 指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意:关系代词whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who 代替,可省 定语从句(一)

略。 (2) The man (who/whom )you met just now is my friend. * 3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen which he bought yesterday. * 4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。 (1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? * 5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? * 具体使用时还要注意下列问题: 1、只能使用that,不用which 的情况: * 1)当先行词是:all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰时。Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以为你做的吗? All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做。 * 2)当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如: That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop .那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 * 3)当先行词有:the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。例如: My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 * 4)当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who ,以避免重复。例如:

初中定语从句和宾语从句

定语从句 定语从句是在主从复合句中修饰某个名词或代词句子,它在句中作定语。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。如 I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. 我认识那个正坐在树下的女孩。 ↓ ↘引导词↓ 先行词从句 (定语从句) This is the most interesting book that he has ever read. 这是他所读过的书中最有趣的一本。 ↓ ↘引导词↓ 先行词从句 (定语从句) · 考点1:先行词是人时引导词的选用 (1). 先行词是人,引导词后紧跟动词时用who或that. 如: Here comes the man who (that)wants to see you. 想见你的那个人来了。 (先行词是the man, 引导词后紧跟动词wants, 故引导词用who / that) (2). 先行词是人,引导词后紧跟的不是动词时要用who, whom, that. 如: This is the person whom (who, that)you are looking for. 这正是你要找的人。 (先行词是the person, 引导词后紧跟的是you, 不是动词, 故引导词可用who / whom / that) ) 考点2:先行词是物时引导词的选用 (1).先行词是物时,一般情况下引导词可以用which或that. 如: Mary like music that (which) is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢安静柔和的音乐。 (先行词是music, 引导词可用which / that) The film which(that) we saw last night was very interesting.我们昨晚看的电影非常有趣。 (先行词是film, 引导词可用which / that) ` (2).以下情况,引导词只能用that, 不能用which.

地点状语与定语从句的区别

where引导的定语从句和地点状语从句的区别是什么? 最简单的办法是看where是否有指代先行词 应到定语从句还是状语从句的区别主要可以从以下三点来看: 一、where引导定语从句时, where是关系副词, 在从句中作地点状语, 其前面有表示地点的先行词, where引导的从句修饰先行词。例如: The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here. This is the house where I lived two years ago. We will start at the point where we left off. 二、where引导状语从句时, where是从属连词, where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词, where前面没有表示地点的先行词。例如: Wuhan lies where the Changjiang River and the Han Jiang River meet. Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions. I found my books where I had left them. 有时, where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义, 可放在主句的前面, 而where引导的定语从句则不能。例如: Where there is a will, there is a way. 〔谚语〕有志者事竟成。 Where there is water, there is life. 有水的地方就有生命。 三、在有些情况下, where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句。例如: A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert. (=A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert. )在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。 Bam boo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often. (=Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often. )温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。

定语从句用法归纳完整版

定语从句用法归纳标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]

定语从句用法归纳 篇一:定语从句的用法一、定语从句的有关概念所谓定语从句,就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句,首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念,它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时,定语从句通常是后置的,所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上,英语中的各类从句,不管性质如何,它们都需要有一个词来“引导”,正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样,人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字,叫它关系词,因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,以表明两者之间的修饰关系,同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句,我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前,我们先来看看关系词有哪些。根据关系词在定语从句中的作用,我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词,它们在引导定语从句的同时,还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等,英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。类似地,关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词,它们在引导定语从句的同时,还在定语从句中充当状语等,英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个,即when, where和why。许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊,关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单,简单得可以划一个等号。因为,关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词,它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解,下面我们来看几个例子吧。I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词,who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句;在定语从句中,who是关系词,它在定语从句中用作主语,从意义上说,它在

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例如:(注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分) ① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? (作主语) ② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. (作主语) ③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. (作宾语) ④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you. (作宾语) ⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. (作定语) 注意:关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略,充当主语时则不能。(见上例③④) (二)关系代词that代替which的一些情况 which, that 在代替物时,一般可以通用。 但在有些情况下,只用 that。 ⑴先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。

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宾语从句和定语从句讲解 (一)that 引导的宾语从句 宾语从句的引导连词有that, who, whose, what, which, 副词when, where, how, why, whether, if 可以跟that 从句做宾语的动词有:say, think ,wish, hope, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree. 1、在学习宾语从句的时候要知道宾语从句的构成 I heard that he would come here later on. 主语谓语动词引导词一个句子作宾语 2、要注意在宾语从句中主句与从句的时态要呼应 (a)当主句用一般现在时,从句要根据实际情况,选择时态 例如:I believe(that)you did your best for that. I believe(that)you will do your best for that. (b) 当主句的时态用一般过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态(过去时代包括,过去进行时,一般过去时,过去将来时,过去完成时等过去时态) 例如:I hear he will come here later on . I heard he would come here later on. I can’t tell him that his mother died. (c)当主句的时态用的是过去时态,但是从句的内容是对客观事情的叙述,从句依然用一般现在时态。 例如:My teacher said that the earth goes around the sun. That 引导的定语从句和that 引导的宾语从句的区别 定语从句在句中作主句的定语,修饰前面的名词或代词。被修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系代词。我们今天要学习的时由关系代词that来引导的定语从句 一,that在定语从句中既可指代人也可指代物。先行词是人或者物时,可以用that 来引导 如:Have you seen the woman that is wearing red coat

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初中英语定语从句的用法归纳

初中英语定语从句用法归纳 定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导(1)。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句,但对初中生来说,定语从句既是一个重点,也是一个难点。 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后,而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如: The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂,有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系(2)。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在句中作状语。如: I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. (主语) 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语)先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语)

第五章 第四节 定语从句的译法

第五章第四节定语从句的译法 英语中的定语从句是比较复杂的语言现象,与汉语的定语相比较,有两点相异之处:(1)汉语的定语比较简单,一般放在所修饰的名词前面,英语的定语从句则放在修饰事物的后面,一般比较长,是个完整的句子。(2)汉语的定语一般是形容词修饰名词,而英语的定语从句分限定性和非限定性的,尤其是非限定性的定语从句,对所修饰的名词限定性并不强,有时兼有状语化的职能,不仅仅起定语作用,译时要根据汉语的表达习惯进行转换。 一、译成定语 若定语从句与主句的关系比较密切,且在译成汉语时完全可以用“……的”结构来直接修饰主句有关的词,那么就没有必要将其与主句拆开,而直接译成定语即成。 1. In this course, the third world, where the largest part of world population live and where abundant natural resources still lie hidden must play its due role. 在这一过程中,拥有世界最多人口、丰富的自然资源沿未开发的第三世界应发挥它应有的作用。 2. The time will surely come when the Chinese people will realize the four modernizations. 中国人民实现四个现代化的日子一定会到来。 3. The (the Grand Canal) met a pressing need by linking the Yangtze Valley, which had become the economic center of the country, with the North, which remained the political center. 这一大运河满足了将已成为全国经济中心的长江流域同仍是政治中心的北方连接起来的迫切需要。 4. And then Gratiano, who loved to copy what his lord did, thought he must make a speech like Bassanio’s. 随后,一举一动都喜欢模仿他主人的葛莱西安诺,觉得他也应该说几句像巴萨尼奥那样的话。 5. Our hope and vision was to forge a Sino-American relationship which would contribute to world peace and the welfare of our two people. 建立一种有利于世界和平和我们两国人民幸福的中美关系是我们当时的希望和憧憬。 二、分句译法 有些定语从句结构较复杂,虽说是语法上的定语从句,但在意义上独立性较强,和主句是两个并列句子。翻译时将此类定语从句单译成一个句子,置于主句之后。 1. He gave me a book which I kept to this day. 他曾送给我一本书,(这本书)我直保存至今。 2. We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged. 在此我们对特别委员会表示满意,特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。 3. Relations between China and Denmark which dates back in January 1950 is friendly. 中国和丹麦之间的关系一直是友好的,这种关系可以追溯到1950年1月。(这种

When引导的定语从句与时间状语从句的区分

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定语从句用法归纳

定语从句用法归纳 定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导,但须记住: 1.what不能引导定语从句. 2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。 一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that. 试分析: the old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist. miss wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to beijing . the man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. (=the man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.) 注: ?指人时有时只用who不宜用that。 1.先行词为one、ones或anyone (1)the comrade i want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard. (2)anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 2.先行词为these时 these who are going to beijing are the best students of our school. 3.在there be 开头的句子中 there is a student who wants to see you. 4.一个句子中带有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that,另一个宜用who,以免重复。 the student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards. 5.在非限制性定语从句中 i met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from japan. b.主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who。 二.指物的关系代词有which、whose(=of which)、that. 试分析: 1.i like the books which / that were written by lu xun. 2.the desks (which/that) we made last year were very good. 3.this is the house in which we lived last year. (= this is the house which /that we lived in last year.) 4.i live in the room whose windows face south. (= i live in the room ,the windows of which face south.) 注: a. 介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时,只能用whom、which不能用who或that. (1). the girl about whom they were talking is our monitor. (2). the book in which there are many interesting things was written by li ming. b. 部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开,在定语从句中其介词不可前置,只能放在其动词后。 is this the book which she is looking for? the old man who/whom they are waiting for is professor li. the child who/whom she is looking after is wang ping’s son. c.指物时,下列情况下只能用that ,不宜用which。 (1)先行词为不定代词,如all、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。

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