新世纪大学英语3-Unit3课文翻译及单词解析

追求以公众利益为宗旨的幸福

理查德·莱亚德在过去的50年里，我们西方国家的经济获得了史无前例的增长。我们的家园、车辆、假期、工作、教育，尤其是健康，均得以改善。依据标准经济理论，这些改善原本应该使我们更加幸福，然而，调查显示并非如此。英国人和美国人接受幸福程度的调查时说，在过去的50年里，他们的幸福程度并没有得到改善。抑郁症患者人数上升，同时犯罪率大幅增长也说明了人们对生活的不满足。

上述事实对我们个人以及社会优先考虑的诸多事情都提出了挑战。事实上，我们现在的处境是人类从未经历过的。当大多数人还在为温饱发愁时，物质条件的改善的确能令他们幸福一些。富庶国家（比如，人均年收入在两万美元以上）的人民比贫穷国家的人民幸福一些；而贫穷国家的人民，如果稍微富裕，也会幸福得多。然而，物质上的匮乏一旦消除，收入的增加便不如亲情、友情、邻里和睦等人际关系那么重要。但是，我们在追求更高的收入时牺牲了太多这样的关系，这很危险。

渴望幸福是人类本性的核心。人人都渴望这样一个社会：人们尽可能地幸福，每个人的幸福同等重要。这应当是我们这个时代的人生哲学，应当用来指导公共利益的维护准则和每个人的行为，应当逐渐取代无法使我们更加幸福的极端的个人主义。

金钱的确是影响个人幸福的关键因素之一。但是，金钱本身能使我们最终获得幸福吗？在任何一个社会，富人往往比穷人幸福。然而，当一个西方国家越来越富有的时候，其人民的幸福程度在总体上并未得到改善。随着时间的推移，我们的标准和期望随着收入的增加而上升。盖洛普民意测验每年都向美国人提问：“一个四口之家至少需要多少钱才能在这个国家生活下去？”人们说出的数字上升的幅度与平均收入增加的幅度是一样的。因为人们总是拿自己的收入和他人的收入以及他们惯于拥有的收入相比较，只有当他们认为和平均水准相比有所上升时才感到幸福。

这一过程反而达不到预期的目的。我努力工作、赚更多钱的动力是：这会使我更幸福一些。其他的社会成员也同样如此，他们也关注自己相对的生活标准。既然社会整体无法以自己为参照物而提高自己的地位，那么社会成员为使自己更加幸福所付出的努力可以说是一种浪费——当休闲与工作的天平偏向工作时，工作是“没有效率”的。

为了进一步证实这一论点，我从社会地位方面加以说明。人的地位可能来源于所挣得的收入或所花费的金钱。人们工作，至少部分原因是为了提高自己的地位。然而，地位是一种等级体系：第一，第二，第三，等等，所以当一个人的地位提高了，其他人的地位就同等程度地下降。这是一种得失平衡的游戏：从整个社会看，为了提高地位而牺牲个人的生活，是一种浪费。因此，永无止境的竞争极具破坏性：我们在追求一种总体不变的东西时失去了家庭生活和平和的心境。

在某种意义上，人们最渴望的是尊重。他们追求经济地位因为它可以赢来尊重。但是，我们可以重视也可以轻视经济地位。在一个竞争日益激烈的社会，如果我们不放宽尊重的标准，社会上能力偏低的人会感到生活更加艰辛。我们应该尊重那些同他人一起合作而自己没有获益的人，那些在各个阶层上施展才能、努力工作的人。因此，让每个人都能学会一种本领尤为重要。在英国，这意味着只要年轻人愿意，一定要确保他们每个人都学会手艺，使那些学业不成功的人也能在职业生涯中感到自豪，不会在长大成人时觉得自己是失败者。

人与人之间难免产生比较，因为等级体系的存在是必要的，不可避免的。有些人得到晋升，而另一些人却没有。此外，职位得以晋升的人薪水也要提高，因为他们有才华，雇主也乐意招贤纳士。所以，在人们挑选工作和选择雇主的关键时刻，薪水作为一个重要因素影响着他们的决定。存在的问题是，大部分的职业没有客观的标准来衡量个人的业绩，所以事实上只能拿一个人同自己的同事作比较才能得到评估。然而，这种等级评定的方法非常主观，从根本上改变了雇员与雇主、雇员与同事之间的合作关系。

如果我们渴望一个更加幸福的社会，我们就应该着重强调人们所珍视的经历——首要的是亲情关系、工作关系和邻里关系，人们珍视这些经历并非因为别人拥有它们，而是因为这些经历拥有内在的价值。我们当前享受的充分的舒适和安逸，看来有可能使我们的生活幸福一些，可是人与人之间关系的恶化又有可能降低了我们的幸福程度。

我们生活在一个空前的个人主义的时代。许多人都感到最重要的责任是充分发挥自己的才干，挖掘自己的潜力。这是一个可怕的、孤单的目标。当然，他们也感受到自己应该对他人承担的责任，但是在西方国家，这些责任缺乏一套清晰的理念。无论是古老的、虔诚的世界观，还是战后社会的团结精神和国家的凝聚意识，皆荡然无存。我们全然丧失了公共利益或集体意义的概念。

我们要想幸福一些，必须在改变外在环境的同时改变我们内在的态度。我说的是一种永恒的人生哲学，它能使我们在自身找到积极的力量同时也能发现他人身上蕴涵的积极因素。这种对他人和自己怀有的同情心，是可以学会的，学校应该将这种同情心教给学生。每个城市都应该有这样的政策：在年轻人中间推广更健康的人生哲学，帮助他们区别肤浅的快乐和真正的幸福。

因此，我希望在这个新的世纪我们最终能够把人类的最大幸福当作我们的公益观。这可能有两个结果。这种人生观可以明确地指导政策的制定，但是更重要的是，在日常的生活中，它会激励我们因为别人幸福而感到更大的快乐，同时帮助他人获得更大的幸福。只有这样，我们才不会以自我为中心，才会更加幸福。

Word

improvement[im'pru:vm?nt] n. [C; U (in, on)] (a sign or result of) the act of improving or the state of being improved [常与in或on连用] 改进，改善，增进（的迹象或结果）

1. Your Italian is good, but there's still room for improvement.

2. The new heating system is certainly an improvement on the old one.

Depression[di'pre??n] n. [C; U] a feeling of sadness and hopelessness 抑郁，消沉，沮丧

1. I'm just beginning to get over the deep depression I felt about losing my job.

2. There was a feeling of gloom and depression in the office when the news of the job cuts was announced. crime

[kraim] n. [U] illegal activity in general; [C] an offence which is punishable by law 违法（犯罪）行为；罪，罪行

1. He has admitted committing several crimes, including two murders.

2. Petty crime is common in this area, but fortunately there isn't much serious crime.

better off richer 更富裕的

1. Most people are better off now than they used to be; they can afford almost whatever they want.

2. I'll be better off only if my income is doubled.

as a whole as one thing or piece and not as separate parts; in general 作为整体；普遍说来；一般地说

1. Lack of education will seriously affect both individuals and society as a whole.

2. Some people are afraid of changes, but the population, as a whole, favour the economic reforms. relative to connected with; on the subject of 与···有关的，关于···的

1. If you have any information relative to the murder, please contact the police.

2. We're planning a promotion of our new products; any suggestions relative to it are welcome.

Leisure['le??(r)] n. [U] time when one is free from work or duties of any kind; free time 空闲，闲暇

1. We've been working all week without a moment's leisure.

2. A reduction in average working hours has led to an increase in leisure time.

Reinforce[?ri:in'f?:s] v. add strength or support to; make stronger or firmer 加强，加固

1. They reinforced the dam with sandbags in case of floods.

2. The final technical report into the accident reinforces the findings of the initial investigations.

in terms of / in ... terms with regard to; from the point of view of 至于；关于；从···观点看

1. In terms of art treasures, Italy is one of the richest countries in the world.

2. A 200-year-old building is very old in terms of American history.

derive from derive [di'raiv] from: obtain (esp. sth. non-material) from; come from; have as an origin 从···得到（尤指非物质的东西）；来自；起源于

1. The institute derives all its money from foreign investments.

2. The English word "olive" derives from the Latin word "oliva".

in part in some degree; partly 在某种程度上；部分地

1. His success was made possible in part by his wife, who supported the family for years.

2. The accident was due in part to his carelessness.

point of view a particular way of considering or judging a situation, person, event, etc. 观点，意见

1. From an economic point of view, the new construction project will benefit the town greatly.

2. I respect your point of view, but I'm not sure I agree with you.

Destructive[di'str?ktiv] a. causing destruction 破坏性的；毁灭性的

1. Modern weapons (武器) have an extremely high destructive power.

2. She didn't expect that her romantic relationship would be destructive to her family.

decrease

[di'kri:s] v. (cause to) become less in size, amount, strength, or quality; reduce （使）减少，减弱，减轻，降低

1. We're happy to learn that crime in this area has decreased by 20 per cent this year.

2. To our disappointment the boss had decreased our pay — that's why we left that factory.

Enable[i'neibl] vt. make able; give the power, means, or right to do sth. 使能够；提供做···的权力（措施，手段）

1. The eagle's long wings enable it to glide for long distances.

2. This dictionary will enable you to have a better command of English synonyms.

Comparison[k?m'p?ris?n] n. [C (between, with)] a statement of the points of similarity and difference between two things; [U] the act of comparing [常与between或with连用] 比较；对照

1. You can't make a comparison between these two schools — they're too different.

2. The tallest buildings in London are small in \ by comparison with those in New York.

inevitable

[in'evit?bl] a. which cannot be avoided or prevented from happening; certain to happen 不可避免的，必然发生的

1. It was inevitable that he'd find out her secret sooner or later.

2. After the peace talks broke down, war seemed inevitable.

Occupation[??kju'pei??n] n. [C] a job; employment 工作，职业

1. Men in manual occupations tend to be less likely to get stress-related illnesses.

2. My occupation is teaching English; I enjoy the work and like to challenge the students.

in effect in fact, although perhaps not appearing so; in operation 事实上，实际上；在实施中，生效

1. The newly built road has not improved the traffic problem; it makes it worse in effect.

2. The existing system of taxation will remain in effect until next May.

Evaluate[i'v?ljueit] v. calculate or judge the value or degree of 评价，评估；估计

1. Is it good to evaluate a policeman's performance by the number of arrests he's made?

2. You should be able to evaluate your own plan, i.e. to judge whether it'll be workable.

Religious[ri'lid??s] a. of religion 宗教（上）的

1. Though he was born in a Christian family, he's not really very religious.

2. They don't eat meat for religious reasons.

leave sth. \ sb. with sb.

allow (sth. \ sb.) to be the responsibility of (someone) or to be decided by (sth.) 把···留交；委托；交由

1. Leave the problem with me; I'll see what I can do about it.

2. He was left with the child to look after while his wife was traveling abroad.

Collective[k?'lektiv] a. of or shared by a number of people or groups of people considered as one or acting as one 集体的，共同的；集合的

1. If the team makes a strong collective effort, it will win the game.

2. It's a collective decision made by all board (董事会) members, not by myself.

物质财富与幸福生活

马歇尔·布雷恩物质财富未必会带给你幸福。这是一个无可争辩的生活现实，但有时这一事实却难以理解，尤其在这个竭力向你灌输相反观念的社会里。

通常，你会陷入这样一种思维模式：“要是我拥有了X，我的生活就会完美无缺，幸福无比了。”你非常想要的东西可能是一台新电视机、一辆新车或者是一双特别的鞋子等等。尔后，你就购买了，几天都在因为得到了它而喜滋滋的。可是，过了段时间，你感到厌烦了，或者东西给用旧了。你会发觉这样一个模式在你自己的生活中不断地重复。比如在你小时候，你父母或祖父母可能花费了成千上万美元给你买玩具：自卸货车、芭比娃娃、电视游戏、电动汽车，等等等等。所有的那些玩具最终都会遭你厌倦、被你玩坏或因你长大而被搁置一边。它们带来了一阵子或者一星期的快乐，可时间一长，它们变得一文不值，你的兴趣转向了某个新玩意儿。

这样一种模式自然让人们提出以下的问题：“假如物质的东西带来的幸福只是昙花一现，那么这一切又意味着什么呢？”或许这就意味着，你得以一天一件的速度购置物品，才能维持住你因得到新东西而感受到的那种短暂的快感。循着这个思路，你可以接着考虑下面的这些问题：

●什么是幸福？

●感到幸福意味着什么？

●我这一生想做些什么？

物质上的幸福和精神上的幸福是不同的。物质上的幸福基于生活所需的一切必需品和奢侈品；精神上的幸福则基于生活必需品和奢侈品之外的一切东西。我的一个朋友持有这样一个哲学观：

你无论赚多少钱，你都想要更多的钱。假如你一年挣25,000美元，你会认为要是挣到50,000美元，你就会感到幸福了。于是，你就开始挣50,000美元。等挣够了那个数目，你又会想，假如挣到100,000美元你就会感到幸福了，就这样周而复始，终其一生。无论你一年挣25,000美元还是10,000,000美元，情况都是一样。因为你赚得越多，你的品味就越昂贵。依我看，不妨学会一年挣得25,000美元就感到满足，想出一个轻轻松松把它们赚到手的办法，然后用余下的时间去做你想做的事情。

根据这个哲学观，要想令你的生活富有意义，你可以寻找除物质幸福以外的东西。

衡量“财富”这东西，办法不止一种。传统上它是用金钱来衡量，但是还有很多其他的度量标准。在与金钱没有丝毫关系的方面，你照样可以“腰缠万贯”。例如：

●富有众多的朋友。一个与人为友、乐观待人的人可以拥有数以百计的好友，可以超乎其他人想象得富裕。

●富有健康的体魄。一个愿意花时间合理进食、锻炼身体、消除压力的人可以身强体健。健康的体魄比起任何数目的金钱都要有价值得多。

●富有充沛的精力。一个每天举哑铃、跑步、游泳的人能够精力充沛，身材迷人。

●富有和睦的家庭。一个愿意把时间给配偶和孩子的人可以拥有一个稳定幸福的家庭，令他获益终身。

●富有知识。一个爱好阅读和钻研的人可以学富五车。

●富有技能。一个每天勤学苦练（某种技能、运动项目等等）的人会在所操练的领域出类拔萃。出类拔萃，自有回报。

●富有人格魅力。一个在一切场合殚精竭虑地做到真实、坦诚的人会富有人格的魅力，受到众人的信任。

有趣的是，上述源自不同领域的这些财富都用不着上税。可你挣了钱是要缴纳所得税的，就是这么回事。没有什么（比如说）知识税。你可以分文不花地终身学习，获得丰厚才识的储备。没有人可以将其盗走、令其减少。知识很有可能就是那件你能够带入天堂的东西。

虽然所有这些可选择的财富都有别于金钱，但都能够以各自独特的方式令人受惠。撇开电视给你提供信息不说，单就购买东西这一行为本身是不会给你带来人生最大的幸福。好朋友，爱你的配偶，健康成长的孩子，充满爱的家，无愧的良心，值得奋斗的目标，你真心喜爱的工作，所有这些给你带来的满足感天长地久，意味深长。头脑简单的青少年通常是不能领悟到的，但这些东西随着年轻人逐渐成熟会变得愈加重要。

当你环顾周围的世界，明白什么对你才是至关重要的时候，你要将其铭记在心。考虑清楚你究竟心仪什么，什么才会给你真正幸福。审视一下你的发现。一番清楚的思考之后，你会吃惊于自己的发现：金钱固然极其重要，因你需要它活命；但金钱不是你唯一需要的东西。对于多数人来说，金钱本身不会带来恒久的幸福。人不是只靠面包生活的。

Word

fact of life sth. that exists and that cannot (easily) be changed 不会\不易改变的现实

1. Don't be sad about your white hair: it's just a fact of life.

2. His father's death made him realize a fact of life: no one can live forever.

Mode[m?ud] n. [(of)] fml a way of behaving, living, operating, etc. [常与of连用]〖正式〗方式，样式

1. Her mode of life has changed a lot since she got married.

2. Railways are the most important mode of transport (运输) for the economy of this area.

wear out(cause to) be reduced to a useless state by long use; tire greatly （把···）用坏；穿破；使疲乏，使精疲力竭

1. My shoes wear out easily since I often do sports.

2. They were worn out after a long day working in the fields.

dump truck[d?mp] a vehicle with a large movable container on the front, used for carrying and emptying heavy loads of soil, stones, etc. （车身可向后倾斜的）自卸货车，翻斗车

Barbie doll Barbie ['bɑ:bi] doll 〖商标〗芭比娃娃

Temporary['temp?r?ri] a. lasting only for a limited time 暂时的，临时的

1. As I got a new job in another city, I had to look for temporary housing the moment I got there.

2. These arrangements are only meant to be temporary while alternatives are sought.

short-term a. concerning a short period of time 短期的，暂时的

high n. infml a state of great excitement and often happiness produced by or as if by a drug 〖非正式〗[(如同）由麻醉品引起的] 欣快感，情绪高涨

train of thinking思路

extravagant

★[ik'str?v?g?nt] a. derog wasteful, esp. of money 〖贬〗奢侈的；（尤指对钱财）浪费的

Spiritual['spirit?u?l] a. of the spirit rather than the body 精神的；心灵的

1. Her pain is spiritual, not physical.

2. She lived entirely by spiritual values, in a world of poetry and imagination.

Suggest v. give signs of or indicate indirectly 暗示，间接表明

1. The disorganized meeting suggested a lack of proper planning.

2. The victim had marks on his neck which seemed to suggest that he had been strangled to death (勒死). other than[usu. in negatives] except; apart from ［一般用于否定句］除了

1. Your application form (申请表) cannot be signed by anyone other than yourself.

2. We were given nothing other than dry bread and water for our evening meal.

Scale[skeil] n. [C] a set of numbers or standards for measuring or comparing; [C; U] size or level in relation to other things or to what is usual （用于计量或比较的）标准；等级，级别；规模，程度，范围

1. This ruler has one scale in centimeters (厘米) and another in inches.

2. The scale of this map is one centimeter to the kilometer.

have nothing \ sth. \ a lot, etc. to do with

have no \ some \ a lot of, etc., connection with 与···没有\有些\有很大关系

1. Tracy's going to the hospital tomorrow — it has something to do with her leg, I think.

2. His decision to leave here has a lot to do with his financial problems.

Cultivate ['k?ltiveit] v.

1) improve or develop (esp. the mind, a feeling, etc.) by careful attention, training, or study 陶冶，培养；修习

2) prepare (land) for the growing of crops 耕，耕作

1. We should cultivate the habit of listening to what we're told.

2. The company has been successful in cultivating a very professional image.

1. They were cultivating their vegetable field when I got there.

2. The land here has been intensively (精细地) cultivated for generations.

work out infml exercise to improve physical fitness 〖非正式〗锻炼，健身

1. I work out regularly to make myself stronger.

2. To keep fit, Kitty works out in the gym (健身房) two or three times a week.

Weight n.巨大重量之物；哑铃等

Attractive[?'tr?ktiv] a. able to attract; causing interest or pleasure 有吸引力的，引人注目的，诱惑人的

1. It's a very attractive offer, but I'm afraid I can't accept it.

2. With so many fine buildings and beautiful landscapes, the town is very attractive.

rewarding

[ri'w?:di?] a. giving satisfaction, but perhaps not much money; (of an experience or action) worth doing or having 令人满意的，可喜的；（经验等）有益的；（行动等）值得做的

Excel▲ [ik'sel] v. [(at, in) not in progressive forms] fml be the best or better than [常与at或in连用]［不用进行式］〖正式〗优于；擅长

take pains make an effort 努力，尽力

1. Her garden is her great passion — she takes more pains over it than anything else.

2. She took pains to see that her guest had everything that they could possibly want.

Truthful a. (of a person) who habitually tells the truth; (of a statement, account, etc.) true （人）一向说实话的，诚实的；（讲话、记述等）真实的，如实的

1. I'm afraid he hasn't been entirely truthful with us about the money.

2. I have only one question to ask you, and I want a truthful answer.

Tax[t?ks] vt. charge a tax on 对···征税，向···课税

bank account an arrangement between a bank and a customer under which the customer can pay in and take out money 银行账户

diminish

★[di'mini?] v. (cause to) become or seem smaller （使）减少，减小；（使）变少，变小

Inform[in'f?:m] v. [(of, about)] usu. fml give information or knowledge to; tell [常与of或about连用]〖一般正式〗通知；告知

1. Why didn't you inform the police immediately?

2. Please write and inform me of your new address soon after you settle down there.

Conscience['k?n??ns] n. an inner sense that is conscious of the moral rightness or wrongness of one's behaviour or intentions, and makes one know whether one is doing right or wrong 良心，道德心；是非观念

1. For months after the accident he had a bad conscience and couldn't sleep at night.

2. He was a man of strong social conscience, giving all his money to the poor of the city.

(have) a clear conscience

feel or a feeling that one has done nothing wrong 问心无愧

1. Let them say whatever they like; I have a clear conscience.

2. You can face your friends with a clear conscience — you've done no harm to them.

simple-minded['simpl 'maindid] a. having little ability to think or understand, or little experience of the world 头脑简单的，愚蠢的

incredibly[in'kred?bli] ad. very; extremely; in a way that is hard to believe 非常，极其；难以置信地，不可思议地

新编大学英语3读写译课文翻译

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大学英语教程3课文翻译

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新世纪大学英语系列教程第版综合教程答案

Unit Two Optimism and Positive Thinking Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ■ Working with Words and Expressions 1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: positive startled perspective harden shape address crises curse incredible 10) conversely 11) issue 12) response 13) prior 14) rare 15) accomplish 2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: get the hang of have lived through makes a difference have no idea concerned with slipped over ran into in reverse mull over ■ I ncreasing Your Word Power 1. D ecide whether “do ”, “make ”or “take ”is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change the verb form where necessary. ■ A nswers: does make take do make Take done taken making ))))))))) ))))))))) ))))))))) 10) took

新世纪大学英语综合教程2课文翻译

陌生人的善意 1. 一年夏天，我从家乡加利福尼亚州的塔霍城开车前往新奥尔良。在沙漠深处，我碰到一个年轻人站在路旁。他一只手打出拇指向外的手势，另一只手里拿着一个汽油罐。我直接从他身边开过去了。别人会停下来的，我想。再说，那汽油罐只是个让车停下、好抢劫司机的幌子而已。在这个国家，曾有那么一段时间，你要是对需要帮助的人置之不理，大家会认为你是混蛋，而如今你要是帮了你就是笨蛋。到处潜伏着犯罪团伙、吸毒上瘾者、杀人犯、强奸犯、盗窃犯还有劫车犯，为什么要冒险呢？“我不想卷进去”已经成为全国性的信条。 2. 开过了几个州以后，我还在想着那个想搭便车的人。把他一个人留在沙漠中倒并没有让我有多么不安。让我不安的是，我多么轻易地就做出了这个决定。我甚至根本没把脚从油门上抬起来。我很想知道，现在还有人会停车吗？ 3. 我想到我此行的目的地——新奥尔良。那里是田纳西·威廉姆斯的剧作《欲望号街车》的背景地。我回想起布兰奇·杜波依斯的名句：“我总是依赖陌生人的善意。” 4. 陌生人的善意。听起来好怪。如今这年头还有谁能指望陌生人的善意吗？ 5. 要验证这一点，一个办法是一个人从东海岸旅行到西海岸，不带一分钱，完全依靠美国同胞的善意。他会发现一个什么样的美国？谁会给他饭吃、让他歇脚、捎他一程呢？ 6. 这个念头激起了我的好奇心。但谁会这么不切实际、愿意去尝试这样一次旅行呢？好吧，我想，那不如我来试试？ 7. 满37岁那个星期，我意识到我这辈子还从没冒过什么险呢。所以我决定来个观念的跨越，美洲大陆那么宽——从太平洋去大西洋，不带一分钱。要是有人给我钱，我会拒绝。我只接受搭顺风车、提供食物和让我歇脚的帮助。这将是穿越这片金钱至上的土地上一次无钱的旅行。我的最终目的地是北卡罗来纳州的“恐惧角”（即开普菲尔），它象征着我沿途必须克服的所有恐惧。 8. 1994年9月6日，我早早起床，背起一个50磅重的包，朝金门桥走去。我从背包里拿出一个牌子，向过路的车辆展示我的目的地：“美利坚”。 9. 司机们隔着挡风玻璃念出这个词，然后笑了。两个女人骑自行车经过。“有点含混，”其中一个说。一名带有德国口音的年轻男士走上前来问，“你这个‘美利坚’在哪儿？”10. 实际上，整整六个星期的时间里我试图找出答案。我搭了82次便车，行程4223英里，穿越了14个州。在旅途中，我发现其他人跟我一样有担心。人们总是在警告我当心别的某个地方。在蒙大拿州，他们叫我留神怀俄明州的牛仔，而在内布拉斯加州，人们提醒我说艾奥瓦州的人可不如他们友好。 11. 然而，在我所去的每个州，我都受到了友善的对待。我诧异于美国人执意帮助陌生人的能力，甚至于在看来与自己的最大利益相冲突时他们也绝不袖手旁观。有一天，在内布拉斯加，一辆四门小轿车在路肩停下。我走到车窗边，看到两位穿着节日盛装的瘦小老妇人。12. “我知道这年头不该带搭便车的，但这里前不着村后不着店的，不停车感觉真不好。”自称“维”的司机说。她和姐姐海伦是去内布拉斯加的安斯沃思看眼疾的。 13. 她们为我停了车，我都不知道是该亲吻她们呢还是该责备她们。这个女人是在告诉我，她宁肯冒生命危险也不愿意因为没为一个站在路边的陌生人停车而感到内疚。她们在一个高速路口把我放下时，我望着维。我们俩异口同声地说，“小心。” 14. 有一次我在雨中没能搭上便车。一名长途卡车司机停了车，他把刹车踩得那么重，车子都在草地路肩上滑行了一段。司机告诉我他有一次被搭便车的人持刀抢劫了。“但我不愿意看到有人在雨里站着。”他补充说，“现在大家都没有良心了。” 15. 然而，我发现，总体而言，人们还是挺有同情心的。艾奥瓦州一对中年夫妇为了帮我找宿营地领着我走了一个小时。在南达科他州，一个女人让我在她家住了一晚之后递给我两张

全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文及翻译6-8

unit 6 The Last Leaf When Johnsy fell seriously ill, she seemed to lose the will to hang on to life. The doctor held out little hope for her. Her friends seemed helpless. Was there nothing to be done? 约翰西病情严重，她似乎失去了活下去的意志。医生对她不抱什么希望。朋友们看来也爱莫能助。难道真 的就无可奈何了吗？ 1 At the top of a three-story brick building, Sue and Johnsy had their studio. "Johnsy" was familiar for Joanna. One was from Maine; the other from California. They had met at a cafe on Eighth Street and found their tastes in art, chicory salad and bishop sleeves so much in tune that the joint studio resulted. 在一幢三层砖楼的顶层，苏和约翰西辟了个画室。“约翰西”是乔安娜的昵称。她们一位来自缅因州，一 位来自加利福尼亚。两人相遇在第八大街的一个咖啡馆，发现各自在艺术品味、菊苣色拉，以及灯笼袖等方面趣 味相投，于是就有了这个两人画室。 2 That was in May. In November a cold, unseen stranger, whom the doctors called Pneumonia, stalked about the district, touching one here and there with his icy fingers. Johnsy was among his victims. She lay, scarcely moving on her bed, looking through the small window at the blank side of the next brick house. 那是5月里的事。到了11月，一个医生称之为肺炎的阴森的隐形客闯入了这一地区，用它冰冷的手指东 碰西触。约翰西也为其所害。她病倒了，躺在床上几乎一动不动，只能隔着小窗望着隔壁砖房那单调沉闷的侧墙。 3 One morning the busy doctor invited Sue into the hallway with a bushy, gray eyebrow. 一天上午，忙碌的医生扬了扬灰白的浓眉，示意苏来到过道。 4 "She has one chance in ten," he said. "And that chance is for her to want to live. Your little lady has made up her mind that she's not going to get well. Has she anything on her mind? “她只有一成希望，”他说。“那还得看她自己是不是想活下去。你这位女朋友已经下决心不想好了。她有 什么心事吗？” 5 "She -- she wanted to paint the Bay of Naples some day," said Sue. “她――她想有一天能去画那不勒斯湾，”苏说。 6 "Paint? -- bosh! Has she anything on her mind worth thinking about twice -- a man, for instance?" “画画？――得了。她有没有别的事值得她留恋的――比如说，一个男人？” 7 "A man?" said Sue. "Is a man worth -- but, no, doctor; there is nothing of the kind." “男人？”苏说。“难道一个男人就值得――可是，她没有啊，大夫，没有这码子事。” 8 "Well," said the doctor. "I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral procession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines." After the doctor had gone Sue went into the workroom and cried. Then she marched into Johnsy's room with her drawing board, whistling a merry tune. “好吧，”大夫说。“我会尽一切努力，只要是科学能做到的。可是，但凡病人开始计算她出殡的行列里有 几辆马车的时候，我就要把医药的疗效减去一半。”大夫走后，苏去工作室哭了一场。随后她携着画板大步走进 约翰西的房间，口里吹着轻快的口哨。 9 Johnsy lay, scarcely making a movement under the bedclothes, with her face toward the window. She was looking out and counting -- counting backward. 约翰西躺在被子下几乎一动不动，脸朝着窗。她望着窗外，数着数――倒数着数！ 10 "Twelve," she said, and a little later "eleven"; and then "ten," and "nine"; and then "eight" and "seven," almost together. “12，”她数道，过了一会儿“11”，接着数“10”和“9”；再数“8”和“7”，几乎一口同时数下来。 11 Sue looked out of the window. What was there to count? There was only a bare, dreary yard to be seen, and the blank side of the brick house twenty feet away. An old, old ivy vine climbed half way up the brick wall. The cold breath of autumn had blown away its leaves, leaving it almost bare. 苏朝窗外望去。外面有什么好数的呢？外面只看到一个空荡荡的沉闷的院子，还有20英尺开外那砖房的侧墙，上面什么也没有。一棵古老的常青藤爬到半墙高。萧瑟秋风吹落了枝叶，藤上几乎光秃秃的。

新视野大学英语3第三版课文翻译

新视野大学英语3第三版课文翻译 Unit 1 The Way to Success 课文A Never, ever give up! 永不言弃！ As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide. Toward the end of his period as prime minister, he was invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow. The headmaster said, "Young gentlemen, the greatest speaker of our time, will be here in a few days to address you, and you should obey whatever sound advice he may give you." The great day arrived. Sir Winston stood up, all five feet, five inches and 107 kilos of him, and gave this short, clear-cut speech: "Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never!" 英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士，小时候在哈罗公学上学。当时他可不是个好学生，要不是出身名门，他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。谢天谢地，他总算从哈罗毕业了，在那里犯下的错误并没影响到他上大学。后来，他凭着军旅生涯中的杰出表现当选为英国首相。他的才思、智慧、公民责任感以及在二战痛苦而黑暗的时期拒绝投降的无畏勇气，为他赢得了美名。他非凡的决心，不仅激励了整个民族，还鼓舞了全世界。 在他首相任期即将结束时，他应邀前往母校哈罗公学，为满怀报国之志的同学们作演讲。校长说：“年轻的先生们，当代最伟大的演说家过几天就会来为你们演讲，他提出的任何中肯的建议，你们都要听从。”那个激动人心的日子终于到了。温斯顿爵士站了起来——他只有5 英尺5 英寸高，体重却有107 公斤。他作了言简意赅的讲话：“年轻人，要永不放弃。永不放弃！永不放弃！永不，永不，永不，永不！” Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas - none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult. Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. Both faced immense obstacles and extreme criticism. Both were called "slow to learn" and written off as idiots by their teachers. Thomas Edison ran away from school because his teacher whipped him repeatedly for asking too many questions. Einstein didn't speak fluently until he was almost nine years old and was such a poor student that some thought he was unable to learn. Yet both boys' parents believed in them. They worked intensely each day with their sons, and the boys learned to never bypass the long hours of hard work that they needed to succeed. In the end, both Einstein and Edison overcame their childhood persecution and went on to achieve magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today. Consider also the heroic example of Abraham Lincoln, who faced substantial hardships,

新世纪大学英语综合教程1翻译答案(全)

(1)这个婴儿还不会爬(crawl)，更不要说走了。(let alone) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk! (2)威尔声称谋杀案发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭,但是我认为他在说谎。(claim, in one’s opinion） Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3)一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关；有了阅读技巧，你就可以更好地应对课外阅读了。(to a certain extent, relate …to …, cope with） To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4)根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。(according to） According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game. (5)有些人想当然地认为日语(Japanese)中的每一个词在汉语中都有对应的词语。(assume, equivalent) Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. (6)我们已将所有的相关信息告知了警方。(relevant) We have passed all relevant information on to the police. (7)关于那件事你问我再多的问题也没用，因为我是不会回答你的。(it’s no use) There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won't answer. (8)事先没有仔细阅读合同(contract)就签了名是吉姆的错误。(on one’s part) It was a mistake on Jim's part to sign the contract without reading it carefully. (9)他们拒绝向我们提供所需要的全部信息。(provide …with) They refused to provide us with all the information we need. (10) 这起事故与三年前发生的一起事故极为相似。(similar to) This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago. (11)这部影片是根据莎士比亚的戏剧改编的。(base on) The film is based on a play by Shakespeare (12)如果你的英语和电脑技能都掌握得好，那么你在谋职时就一定比别人更有优势。(have an advantage over) If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job.