大一英语作业

2016.1.18作业

Unit5 The Happy Door

Happiness is like a pebble dropped into a pool to set in motion an ever-widening circles of ripples.

As Stevenson has said，being happy is a duty.

There is no exact definition of the word happiness.

Happy people are happy for all sorts of reasons.

The key is not wealth or physical well一being，since we find beggars, invalids and so called failures who are extremely happy.

Being happy is a sort of unexpected dividend.

But staying happy is an accomplishment, a triumph of soul and character.

It is not selfish to strive for it.

It is, indeed, a duty to ourselves and others.

Being unhappy is like an infectious disease;it causes people to shrink away from the sufferer.

He soon finds himself alone, miserable and embittered.

There is，however, a cure so simple as to seem，at first glance, ridiculous: If you don't feel happy, pretend to be!

It works.

Before long you will find that instead of repelling people，you attract them. You discover how deeply rewarding it is to be the center of wider and wider circles of good will.

Then the make一believe becomes a reality.

You possess the secret of peace of mind，and can forget yourself in being of service to others.

Being happy, once it is realized as a duty and established as a habit，opens doors into unimaginable gardens thronged with gratefuls friends.

第五课开启快乐之门

快乐好似扔入池子里的一颗石头，会激起不断扩散的阵阵涟漪。

正如史蒂文森所言:“快乐是一种责任。”

快乐这个字眼并没有精确的定义。

快乐的人可以因种种理由而快乐。

其关键并非财富或健康，因为我们可以发现有些乞丐、病弱的人与所谓的失败者他们却是非常快乐。

能快乐就是一种意想不到的好处。

而能保持快乐却是一项成就，也是心灵与品德上的胜利。

努力追求快乐不算是自私。

事实上，追求快乐不仅是对自己也是对别人的一种责任。

郁闷不乐就像是一种传染病;得了这种病的人大家都避之如蛇蝎。

他很快就会发现自己孤单、痛苦、难过。

不过，有一种很简单的治疗方法，乍看之下似乎很可笑:那就是如果你觉得不快乐，就假装快乐吧!

这个方法很有效。

你很快就会发现自己非但不会赶人走，反而还能吸引人。

你会发现能成为广结善缘的中心人物，这是多么值得的事。

于是原本的假快乐就变成了真快乐。

你拥有心灵平静的秘诀，能够忘情于服务人群之中。

一旦快乐被当作一种责任来履行并养成习惯时，它就会开启大门引领我们进入想像不到的花园，而里面都是满怀感激的朋友。

BBC新闻1

Vocabulary词汇:

take it to heart

对某事上心，认真对待

stepped up to the plate

开始行动

other half

另一半（那一位）

obstacle course

障碍赛

ups and downs坎坷，起伏

Transcript:

A loving couple should support one another, and here in Maine, in the US, they take it to heart. Fifty men stepped up to the plate at the annual North American Wife-Carrying Championship. The men carry their other half through a 250-metre obstacle course as fast as they can.

And like in every relationship, there are ups and downs.

A couple of locals are this years winners, and the prize - her weight in beer and money.

这里是美国缅因州，一对恩爱的夫妻用心相互支持。

五十个男人开始参加北美年度背媳妇大赛。

男人背着媳妇以最快的速度跑250米的障碍赛。

跟任何关系都一样，都有跌宕起伏。

今年的获胜者是本地的一对夫妇，奖品是跟她体重一样多的啤酒及钞票。

选词填空

For decades, Americans have taken for granted the United States’position in the development of new technologies. The innovations(创新)that resulted from research and development during World War II and afterwards were(36)_____ to the prosperity of the nation in the second half of the 20th century. Those innovations, upon which virtually all aspects of(37)_____ society now depend, were possible because the United States (38)_____ then the world in mathematics and science education. Today, however, despite increasing demand for workers with strong skills in mathematics and science, the(39)_____ of degrees awarded in science, math, and engineering are decreasing.

The decline in degree production in what are called the STEM disciplines(science, technology, engineering, and math.)seems to be(40)_____related to the comparatively weak performance by U.S. schoolchildren on international assessments of math and science. Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. According to the 2005 report of the Business Higher Education Forum, 22 percent of college freshmen must take remedial(补习的)math(41)_____, and less than half of the students who plan to major in science or engineering(42)_____complete a major in those fields.

The result has been a decrease in the number of American college graduates who have the skills, (43)_____ in mathematics, to power a workforce that can keep the country at the forefront(前言)of innovation and maintain its standard of living. With the(44)_____ performance of American students in math and science has come increased competition from students from other countries that have

strongly supported education in these areas. Many more students earn(45)_____ in the STEM disciplines in developing countries, especially China, than in the United States.

A.accelerating

B.actually

C.closely

D.contemporary

E.courses

F.critical

G.declining

H.degrees

I.especially

J.future

K.led

L.met

M.procedures

N.proportions

O.spheres

二十一

Various studies have shown that increased spending on education has not led to measurable improvements in learning. Between 1980 and 2008. staff and teachers at U.S. public schools grew roughly twice as fast as students. Yet students showed no additional learning in achievement tests.

Universities show similar trends of increased administration personnel and costs without greater learning, as documented in Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa's recent book Academically Adrift Limited Learning on College Campuses.

A survey shows that 63% of employers say that recent college graduates don't have the skills they need to succeed and 25% of employers say that entry-level writing skills are lacking.

Some simplistically attribute the decline in our public education system to the drain of the skilled students by private schools, but far more significant events were at work.

Public schools worked well until about the 1970s. In fact, until that time, public schools provided far better education than private ones. It was the underperforming students who were threw out of public schools and went to private ones.

A prominent reason public schools did well was that many highly qualified women had few options for working outside the house other than being teachers or nurses. They accepted relatively low pay, difficult working conditions, and gave their very best.

Having such a large supply of talented women teachers meant that society could pay less for their services. Women's liberation opened up new professional

opportunities for women, and, over time, some of the best left teaching as a career option, bringing about a gradual decline in the quality of schooling.

Also around that time, regulations, government, and unions came to dictate pay, prevent adjustments, and introduce bureaucratic (官僚的) standard for adjustment. Large education bureaucracies and unions came to dominate the landscape, confusing activity with achievement. Bureaucrats regularly rewrite curriculums, talk nonsense about the theories of education, and require ever more administrators. The end result had been that, after all the spending, students have worse math and reading skills than both their foreign peers and earlier generations spending far less on education — as all the accumulating evidence now documents.

61.

What do we learn from various studies on America's public education?

A) Achievement tests have failed to truly reflect the quality of teaching.

B) Public schools lack the resources to compete with private schools.

C) Little improvement in education has resulted from increased spending.

D) The number of students has increased much faster than that of teachers.

62.

How do some people explain the decline in public education?

A) Government investment does not meet school's needs.

B) Skilled students are moving for private schools.

C) Qualified teachers are far from adequately paid.

D) Training of students' basic skills is neglected.

63. What was significant contribution to the past glory of public schools?

A) Well-behaved students.

B)Efficient administration.

C) Talented women teachers.

D) Generous pay for teachers.

64. Why did some of the best women teachers leave teaching?

A) New career opportunities were made available to them by women's liberation.

B) Higher academic requirements made it difficult for them to stay in their jobs.

C) They were unhappy with the bureaucratic administration in their schools.

D) The heavy teaching loads left them little time and energy for family life.

65. What docs the author think is one of the results of government involvement in education?

A) Increasing emphasis on theories of education.

B) Highly standardized teaching methods.

C) Students' improved academic performance.

D) An ever-growing number of administrators.

二十二

Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year. Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couple's income. This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare

has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they did in 1990. Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center's expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.

So who's to blame for higher childcare costs?

Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can't really achieve any economics of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infants, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than 55,000.

Unfortunately, I don't have all the daycare-center regulations handy. But I wouldn't be surprised if as the rules have become more elaborate, prices have risen. The trade off(交换)might be worth it in some cases; after all, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheap service. But certainly, it doesn't seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South.

56. What problem do parents of small kids have to face?

A) The ever-rising childcare prices.

B) The budgeting of family expenses.

C) The balance between work and family.

D) The selection of a good daycare center.

57. What does the author feel puzzled about?

A) Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.

B) Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.

C) Why childcare workers' pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.

D) Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professionals in a number of states.

58. What prevents childcare centers from saving money?

A) Steady increase in labor costs.

B) Strict government regulations.

C) Lack of support from the state.

D) High administrative expenses.

59. Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than in Massachusetts?

A) The overall quality of service is not as good.

B) Payments for caregivers there are not as high.

C) Living expenses there are comparatively low.

D) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.

60. What is the author’s view on daycare service?

A) Caregivers should receive regular professional training.

B) Less elaborate rules about children might lower costs.

C) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.

D) It is better for different states to learn from each other.

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东南大学期末试卷 Part I Writing (30 minutes) (15%) Directions For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic What does friendship mean? What does friendship mean? 1.友谊是人生永恒的主题 2.友谊到底意味着什么 3.友谊的重要性。 Part II Fast Reading (15 minutes) (10%) Directions In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. For questions 1~7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D, and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. For questions S1-S3, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. One of the best parts of university life is living away from home. You get freedom and the chance to meet new people. You are living away from home, planning your own routine and even cooking your own meals——and that means looking after your own money. At university, it’s all about the cash. Fees, student loans, rent, bills, overdraft (银行透支款)——you name it, you might have to pay for it. An important aspect of being at university is managing your own time. It’s up to you to decide when you’ll study, when you’ll go shopping and when you’ll have a night out. Sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? Of course, it is a good idea to organize your time with a weekly or monthly schedule. Remember, you can be as flexible with your time as you like, but you’ll always need to make sure you get out of bed for lectures, meet essay and project deadlines, and schedule in plenty of revision days before exams. After a hard day’s study, going out and having fun is what student life is all about. You can get involved in voluntary work and student representation activities and you could contribute and learn new skills with student magazine and radio station. It’s the perfect way to make friends and add a bit of sparkle to you CV(个人简历). University life is about learning. You’ll be expected to go to all your lectures and classes. Most courses are assessed through exams, essays, practical work an d projects. You’ll have anything from one to five hours of lectures, in a day. But on top of that, you are expected to do a number of hours of self-study. Every student has a personal tutor to help with any problems you might have or you can speak to your lecturers and other tutors if you have questions. If you plan you time and your workload, you’ll have plenty of free time to enjoy student life at university. Plus, getting a degree makes sense in the long run——graduates earn more and are more likely to get a job than people without a degree. 1. According to the author, which is not the advantage of being away from home? A. Freedom B. Being rich. C. The chance to meet new friends. D. Plan your own routine. 2. Being college students, you can____________. A. plan your time freely. B. borrow a lot of money from the bank. C. cook in your friends’ houses. D. spend money at your will. 3. The word flexible in the underlined sentence means ________. A. can be bent easily. B. feel very happy. C. can be changed easily to suit any new situation. D. can be easily obtained. 4. In order to pass the exams, you are expected to do a lot expect_____________. A. surfing the net for information. B. going for lectures. C. reviewing what you have learnt. D. writing papers. 5. You can make effort to do many things in order to enrich your blank CV. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage? A. You can involve in voluntary work. B. You can contribute to magazines. C. You can take part in representation activities. D. You can undertake part-time jobs. 6. If___________, you can enjoy your life at university. A. you work day and night. B. you can balance your study with play time. C. you bury yourself in a lot of exercises. D. you hang out with friends every day. 7. Which of the following is not true? A. Living away from home is one of the best things of university life B. The mo st exciting aspect of university life is that it’s up to

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1. 听力对话和10个单词的听写估计 20-30分 2. 阅读理解30分两篇来自综合训练还有 两篇是课外的，估计30分左右 3. 词汇题（来自白色作业册和书后练习），20题估计10-20分，15个课内5个课外，题型类似白色作业册上的单选，书后练习里的词汇题和单词手册上的例句要看看。 4. 翻译句子15分5个句子。（完整的长句子翻译）复习范围是书后的翻译和白色作业册。 5. 看解释找单词（如果让你填代号就不要填单词）。共10个，大概5分，一般情况下是书后的词汇练习。 分值没有最后确定，所以不能更详细了。另附上作业册1-4，6，7，8单元的答案，全部上完课后讲评答案。 Unit 1 1-5 DBABC 6-10 BAACA 11-12 AB 1. gave rise to more violent clashes 2. Gone are the days when 3. W e launch a big advertising campaign 4. Your work is characterized by

5. but a means to an end Unit 2 1-5DDABD 6-10CBABC 11-12DA 1.I picked up a few words of Greek 2.She's nothing but a child 3.as if she got back to her childhood again 4.trace the family back to many centuries ago 5.evoke laughter as well as tears Unit 3 1-5ADBAC 6-10ACCBB 11-12DA 1. taken precaution of 2. forged his supervisor’s signature 3. tear up the peace agreement. 4. considered the unique identifier 5. extract information Unit 4 1-5CCBAB 6-10DCDCC 11-12CD 1. was held up 2. When it comes to German 3. does not necessarily 4. close down 5. Cut down the article Unit 6 1-5DCCCB 6-10DBDBA 11-12DC 1.I find her exhausting 2.shut out 99% of the sun’s harmful rays

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大学英语预备阶段练习（一） （Unit 1~4） ⅠWord Building Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words given in the brackets. 1.Thank you very much for your ____ advice. I followed it and succeeded at last. (value) 2.His business has ____ rapidly since his brother came to help. (development) 3.After a two-day discussion, we finally found a ____ to the difficult problem. (solve) 4.Prices ____ high for quite a while .People began to complain about it. (remaining) 5.I don’t think it ____ to finish all the work today. We can go on with it tomorrow.(necessity) 6.It is obviously not ____ to leave a 3-year-old boy alone at home. (properly) 7.The tourists saw a beautiful ____ when they climbed onto the top of the mountain.(scene) 8.Traveling in the desert is a challenging ____ to most people. ( inexperience) 9.____, I don’t think it possible to finish the task in two days. (person) 10.The government must make sure that the economy is developed in the right ____.(direct) ⅡVocabulary and Structure Directions: Choose the best one from the four choices to complete the sentence. 11.The temperature ____ throughout the day in that part of the country. A. very B. remains C. differs D. varies 12.The game is full of violence and will certainly have a bad ____ on young players. A. meaning B. pain C. loss D. influence 13.The warm-hearted elderly lady downstairs is always ____ to help others. A. real B. ready C. practical D. polite 14.The question is ____ difficult in the exam today. Don’t you think so? A. therefore B. since C. rather D. otherwise 15.She used to live in a lovely ____ building near the sea. A. 3-story B. 3-stories C. 3-classed D. 3-classes 16.There are different ____ of transport in big cities for you to choose when you go out. A. means B. mean C. meanings D. meaning 17.They did not take a rest until the job was ____ finished. A. straightly B. specially C. completely D. fairly 18.The bookstore owner ____ the old magazines with a new ones to attract more readers. A. required B. reviewed C. repeated D. replaced 19.Would you like to buy the book? It is ____ reading. A. worthy B. firm C. further D. worth 20.She wears sunglasses to ____ her eyes from the sunshine in summer. A. prepare B. produce C. protect D. provide 21.We all like her very much for her pleasant ____: kind, gentle and warm-hearted. A. character B. chance C. chairman D. skills 22.All the students enjoyed the wonderful ____ by the professor that afternoon. A. discussion B. lecture C. advice D. solution 23.If you have confidence in yourself first, you will not be _______ by others easily. A.won B. doubled C. defeated. D. delayed 24.The little girl developed a strong _______ on her new friends.