“改错翻译”省略法讲解
“改错翻译”省略法讲解
泛瑞翻译
英语基础知识的积累对大家英语学习能力的提高非常重要，同学们一定要多加练习。精品小编为大家整理了初中英语改错翻译省略法讲解，欢迎大家阅读。
初中英语改错翻译省略法讲解2014：
省略法是指在翻译中，原文中有些词在译文中可以省略，不必翻译出来。因为译文中虽然没有这个词，但是已经具有了原文这个词所表达的意思，或者这个词在译文中的意义是不言而喻的。省略的目的在于使译文更加通顺流畅，更符合译文习惯。但需要注意的是，省略并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去，省略不能改变原文的意义。现从语法角度和修辞角度分别举例探讨省略法：
一、从语法角度来看
(一)省代词
1.省略作主语的人称代词
(1)省略作主语的人称代词
根据汉语习惯，前句出现一个主语，后句如仍为同一主语，就不必重复出现。英语中通常每句都有主语，因此人称代词作主语往往多次出现，这种人称代词汉译时常常可以省略。
I hadmany wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice.
我有很多美妙的想法，但是只把少数付诸实践了。
He wasthin and haggard and he looked miserable.
他瘦弱憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。
(2)英语中，泛指人称代词作主语时，即使是作第一个主语，在汉语译文中往往也可以省略。
We liveand learn.
活到老，学到老。
Whenwill he arrive?—You can never tell.
他什么时候到?——说不准。
Thesignificance of a man is not in what he attained but rather in what he longs toattain.
人生的意义不在于已经获取的，而在于渴望得到什么样的东西。
2.省略作宾语的代词
英语中有些作宾语的代词，不管前面是否提到过，翻译时往往可以省略。
The morehe tried to hide his mistakes, the more he revealed them.
他越是想要掩盖他的错误，就越是容易暴露。
Pleasetake off the old picture and throw it away.
请把那张旧画取下来扔掉。
3.省略物主代词
英语句子中的物主代词出现的频率相当高。一个句子往往会出现好几个物主代词，如果将每个物主代词都翻译出来，那么汉语译文就显得非常罗嗦。所以在没有其他人称的物主代词出现的情况下，在翻译时物主代词大多被省略。
I put myhand into my pocket.
我把手放进口袋。
Shelistened to me with her rounded eyes.
她睁大双眼，听我说话。
(二)代词it的省略
it起着代词的作用，在译文中，当它被用作非人称或没有意义的时候，往往可以省略。Outside
it was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs.
外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。
Heglanced at his watch; it was 7:15.
他一看表，是七点一刻了。
It tookme a long time to reach the hospital.
我花了很长时间才到了医院。
It isthe people who are really powerful.
人民才是最强大的。
(三)省略连接词
汉语词语之间连接词用得不多，其上下逻辑关系常常是暗含的，由词语的次序来表示。英语则不然，连接词用得比较多。因此，英译汉时在很多情况下可不必把连接词译出来。
Helooked gloomy and troubled.
他看上去有些忧愁不安。(省略并列连接词)
As it islate, you had better go home.
时间不早了，你最好回家去吧。(省略表示原因的连接词)
Ifsinter comes, can spring be far behind?
冬天来了，春天还会远吗?(省略表示条件的连接词)
If I hadknown it, I would not have joined in to.
早知如此，我就不参加了。(省略表示条件的连接词)
Johnrose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother.
火车停了，约翰郁郁地站了起来，因为他想起了病中的母亲。(省略表示时间的连接词)
谈英汉翻译技巧中的增补与省略
谈英汉翻译技巧中的增补与省略 【摘要】增补法是英汉翻译中常用的方法之一。所谓增补，就是为了使译文准确和符合汉语习惯，译者应该添加必要的词句。所谓省略法，就是将不必译的冠词、物主代词、连系动词等省略不译。 【关键词】翻译技巧增补法省略法 英汉翻译是英语学习中最基本的技能之一，在今天的飞速发展的世界中越来越显示出它的重要性。一篇好的译文应该是既忠实于原文，又符合汉语的用法习惯，并且在内容与形式上与原文达到辩证的统一。忠实于原文是翻译中最重要的一点。但由于英汉两种语言的巨大差异，“忠实”的涵义并不是逐字逐句地照搬原文，而是“忠实地表达”原作者的思想，准确地理解和恰当地表现原文。因此，译者必须在理解原文的基础上，运用恰当的翻译技巧，将原文译出。 英汉翻译技巧一般来说有8种，即“分清主从”，“选词用字”，“增补法”，“省略法”，“词性转换”，“词序调整”，“正说反译和反说正译”以及“长句拆译”。本文侧重谈谈英汉翻译技巧中的增补与省略这两种方法。 1.增补法 增补法是英汉翻译中常用的方法之一。增补不是给原文增加某些内容，而只是翻译中的一个必要的规则。它实际上主张，为了使译文准确和符合汉语习惯，译者应该添加必要的词句。增补法在下面几种情况下经常使用： A.当某些词在英语的句子中被省略时 例如：We can get rid of a bad style and keep the good. 虽然，在good 一词后省略了style. 这句可译成：我们能够去掉不良作风，保持优良作风。 He majors in English and l in French. 在I 后面省略了动词major. 这句应译成：他主修英语，我主修法语。 在这类句子中，原文省略的部分应在译文中写出来。 B. 当英文中用代词来避免重复时
英语笔译技巧--省略法
英语笔译技巧--省略法 2017年英语笔译技巧--省略法 省略的目的在于使译文更加通顺流畅，更符合译文习惯。但需要注意的是，省略并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去，省略不能改变原文的意义。现从语法角度和修辞角度分别举例探讨省略法： 省略法是指在翻译中，原文中有些词在译文中可以省略，不必翻译出来。因为译文中虽然没有这个词，但是已经具有了原文这个词所表达的意思，或者这个词在译文中的意义是不言而喻的'。 (一)省代词 1.省略作主语的人称代词 (1)省略作主语的人称代词 根据汉语习惯，前句出现一个主语，后句如仍为同一主语，就不必重复出现。英语中通常每句都有主语，因此人称代词作主语往往多次出现，这种人称代词汉译时常常可以省略。 Ihadmanywonderfulideas,butIonlyputafewintopractice. 我有很多美妙的想法，但是只把少数付诸实践了。 (2)英语中，泛指人称代词作主语时，即使是作第一个主语，在汉语译文中往往也可以省略。 Weliveandlearn. 活到老，学到老。 Whenwillhearrive?—Youcannevertell. 他什么时候到?——说不准。 2.省略作宾语的代词
英语中有些作宾语的代词，不管前面是否提到过，翻译时往往可以省略。 Pleasetakeofftheoldpictureandthrowitaway. 请把那张旧画取下来扔掉。 3.省略物主代词 英语句子中的物主代词出现的频率相当高。一个句子往往会出现好几个物主代词，如果将每个物主代词都翻译出来，那么汉语译文就显得非常罗嗦。所以在没有其他人称的物主代词出现的情况下，在翻译时物主代词大多被省略。 Iputmyhandintomypocket. 我把手放进口袋。 (二)代词it的省略 it起着代词的作用，在译文中，当它被用作非人称或没有意义的时候，往往可以省略。 Outsideitwaspitchdarkanditwasrainingcatsanddogs. 外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。 Heglancedathiswatch;itwas7:15. 他一看表，是七点一刻了。 Ittookmealongtimetoreachthehospital. 我花了很长时间才到了医院。 Itisthepeoplewhoarereallypowerful. 人民才是最强大的。 (三)省略连接词
英语翻译技巧第十节 省略法
第十节省略法 省略是删去一些可有可无的，或违背译文语言习惯的词。 一．从语法角度来看 （一）省代词 1.省略作主语的人称代词 （1）英语中通常每句都有主语，如主语不变，译成汉语时不必重复。 1）He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 2）But it’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it. 3）They had murdered his father, they had taken the best of him, they had crushed his whole family. 4）Laura wished now that she was not holding that piece of bread-and-butter, but there was nowhere to put it and she couldn’t possibly throw it away. 1)他消瘦而憔悴，（）看上去很惨。 2)但我就是这个脾气，（）虽然几经努力，（）却未能 改变过来。 3)他们害死了他的父亲，（）榨干了他的精力，（）毁 了他的全家。 4)这时劳拉宁愿（）手里没有这块涂上黄油的面包，
拿着又没有地方放，（）又不可能扔掉。 作业： 1.I am 78 years old; I have been confined to my room with a paralytic stroke for the past 14 months. 2. Like his friend he had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice. 3. We can measure the amount of water in a pot, but we can’t measure its heat. We haven’t an instrument for that. 4. The Grand Dukes always liked new ideas, and later they were good friends of Galileo. （2）泛指的英语人称代词作主语时，即使是第一个主语，汉译时也可省略。 1）We live and learn. 2) You can never tell it’s good to be famous. 3) Even as the doctor was recommending rest, he knew that this in itself was not enough, that one could never get real rest without a peaceful mind. 4) All those years in the military, where there were certain standards and rules; where young men treated their superiors with respect; where you gave an order and it was obeyed; where a uniform meant you were all on
重复翻译法
You were born to run. And we were born to help you do it better. 奔跑是你的天性，让你跑得更快是我们的天职。运用了多种修辞手法：重复、押头韵 Skin firming/toning agent 紧肤水/爽肤水成分 Coriander 芫荽、香菜Lavender 薰衣草 Adidas Sports Shoes Over twenty-eight years ago, adidas gave birth to a new idea in sports shoes. And the people who wear our shoes have been running and winning ever since. In fact, adidas has helped them set over 400 world records in track and field alone. Maybe that’s why more and more football, soccer, basketball, baseball and tennis players are turning to adidas. They know that, whatever their game, they can rely on adidas workmanship and quality in every product we make. So whether you are pounding the roads on a marathon, or just jogging around the block, adidas shall be on your feet. You were born to run. And we were born to help you do it better. You’ll find us anywhere smart sports people buy their shoes. Adidas, the all sports people. 阿迪达斯运动鞋 28年前，阿迪达斯为运动鞋注入了一种全新的理念，从此以后，脚穿阿迪的运动健儿风驰电掣、频频夺冠。事实上，仅在田径场上阿迪达斯就帮助人们创造了400多项世界记录。或许正因为如此，才有越来越多的足球、橄榄球、篮球、棒球和网球运动员青睐这个品牌。他们知道，无论从事哪项运动，他们都可以信赖阿迪达斯
如何在翻译中运用省略法
首先请试译下列句子： 1. It is snowing. 2. Dr John resumed his experiment as soon as he came into the laboratory. 3. We took this opportunity to inform you that we are now in a position to make a prompt shipment of the merchandise. 1. It is snowing. 译文一：它正在下雪。（×） 译文二：下雪了/在下雪。 分析：译文一字字对应译出，貌似“忠实”，但完全不合汉语表达习惯，实是错误译法。 2. Dr John resumed his experiment as soon as he came into the laboratory. 译文一：约翰博士一到实验室，他就继续做实验。（×） 译文二：约翰博士一到实验室就继续做实验。 分析：译文一将主从句的主语都译出，貌似“忠实”，但产生歧义，可能让人以为“他”和”约翰博士”是两个人。 3. We took this opportunity to inform you that we are now in a position to make a prompt shipment of the merchandise. 译文一：我们借此机会告知你们现在我们可以立即装运那批货物。 译文二：兹奉告，该商品可即期装运。（简洁明确，公文惯例） 分析：译文二省却了“take this opportunity”和“in a position”等词语，还省译了三个人称代词，使译文更加符合汉语涉外文书的行文习惯。 省略法（omission)，也叫减省译法，是指在翻译中，原文中有些词在译文中可以省略，不必翻译出来。因为译文中虽然没有这个词，但是已经具有了原文这个词所表达的意思，或者这个词在译文中的意义是不言而喻的。省略的目的在于使译文更加通顺流畅，更符合译文习惯。
翻译方法之增译法、减译法、重复法
翻译方法之增译法、减译法、重复法 ?英汉两种语言，由于表达方式不尽相同，翻译时既可能要将词义进行转换，有可能要在词量上加以增减。 ?有的时候，为了明确、强调或生动，也需要将一些关键性的词加以重复。 ?什么叫增译法？我们可以这样确定它的定义：为了使译文忠实地表达原文的意思与风格，并使译文合乎表达习惯，必须按意义上（修辞上）和句法上增加一些词语，这就叫做增译法。?一、根据意义(修辞)上的需要 ?二、根据句法上的需要 一、根据意义(修辞)上的需要 ?（一）增加动词 ?（二）增加形容词 ?（三）增加副词 ?（四）增加名词 ?（五）增加表示名词复数的词 ?（六）增加表达时态的词 ?（七）增加语气助词 ?（八）增加量词 ?（九）增加根据上下文需要及反映背景情况的词 ?（十）增加概括词 ?（十一）增加承上启下的词 （一）增加动词 ?根据意义的需要，可以在名词前后增加动词。 ?如： In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on …… Practice ?They talked for almost eight hours, through dinner and well into the night. ?My work, my family, my friends were more than enough to fill my time. （二）增加形容词 ?With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism! 中国人民正在以多么高涨的热情建设社会主义啊! ?O, Tom Canty, born in rags and dirt and misery, what sight is this! (Mark Twain) 出生在破烂、肮脏和苦难中，现在这番景象却是多么煊赫啊！
最新英汉翻译练习之省略法
Put the following sentences into Chinese, using the technique of omission. 1.If you give him an inch, he will take a mile. 2.These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources. 3.Winter is the best time to study the growth of trees. Although the leaves are gone and the branches are bare, the trees themselves are beautiful. 4.It is not entirely right to say that if there is food, let everyone share it. 5. 6.Scientific exploration, the search for knowledge, has given man the practical result of being able to shield himself from the calamities of nature and the calamities imposed by others. 7. 8.There was no haste or restlessness in his manner but a poised friendliness. 9. 10.N ever trouble yourself with trouble till trouble troubles you. 11.T he true joy of joys is joy that joys in the joy of others. 12.F or generations, coal and oil have been regarded as the chief energy source to transport man from place to place.
英语翻译之词义省略法
英语翻译之词义省略法 一、从语法角度来看 （一）省代词 1．省略作主语的人称代词 （1）省略作主语的人称代词 I had many wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice. 我有很多美妙的想法，但是只把少数付诸实践了。 He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 他瘦弱憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。 （2）英语中，泛指人称代词作主语时，即使是作第一个主语，在汉语译文中往往也可以省略。联展在线：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8a6401264.html,/xkyfd/ 考研学习：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8a6401264.html,/kcnet1450/ We live and learn. 活到老，学到老。 When will he arrive?—You can never tell. 他什么时候到？——说不准。
The significance of a man is not in what he attained but rather in what he longs to attain. 人生的意义不在于已经获取的，而在于渴望得到什么样的东西。 2．省略作宾语的代词 The more he tried to hide his mistakes, the more he revealed them. 他越是想要掩盖他的错误，就越是容易暴露。 Please take off the old picture and throw it away. 请把那张旧画取下来扔掉。 3．省略物主代词 I put my hand into my pocket. 我把手放进口袋。 She listened to me with her rounded eyes. 她睁大双眼，听我说话。 （二）代词it的省略 Outside it was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs.
翻译重复和省略法练习
1、试译下列各句，注意保持原文的重复手段。 1. It is impossible to live in society and be independent of society. 2. If once virtue is lost ,all is lost. 3. Year after year and century after century the moon goes through its cycles. 2、试译下列各句，注意用同义词表达原文中重复的词。 1. Easy come, easy go. 2. No pains, no gains. 3. A fall in the pit,m a gain in the wit. 3、试译下列各句，用四字重叠词语表达原文中的斜体词。 1. The toasts were flat. 2. It was not evasive in my reply. 3. A slating sunlight dappled the grass. 4、试译下列各句，用四字对偶词表达原文中的斜体字。 1. She is an awful fool of a woman. 2. The trial, in his opinion, was absolutely fair. 3. she told him of Johnsy’s fancy. 5、试译下列各句，注意省略作主语的斜体人称代词。 1.I am 78years old, I have been confined to my room with a paralytic stroke for the past 14 months. 2.Like his friend he had many wonderful ideas, but he only pout a few into practice. 6、试译下列各句，注意省略作宾语的斜体代词。 1. I’ve received your letter and read it with delight. 2. If you have read these stories, tell them in your own words. 7、试译下列各句，注意省略斜体的代词。
7省略法的翻译(教师版)
英汉翻译常用技巧----省略法 Oct. 17th–21st 省略是指原文中有些词在译文中不翻译出来。原因是译文中虽无其词但已有其意，或者在译文中是不言而喻的。换言之，省略是删去一些可有可无的，或者有了反嫌累赘或违背译文语言习惯的词。但省略并非把原文的意义删去。 一、从语法结构考虑的省略 1. 代词的省略 A.省略作主语的代词。汉语习惯中，前句出现一个主语，后句如仍为同一主语，就不必重复。英语中则通常每句都有主语，人称代词往往多次出现。英译汉中该类人称代词常常可以省略。eg1. He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一幅可怜相。 eg2. Like his friends he had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice. 像他的朋友一样，他头脑里虽然有许多美妙的想法，却只有少数付诸实施。 eg3. My elder brother did not come yesterday, he went to his friend’s home. 我的弟弟昨天没来，到朋友家去了。 B. 泛指的代词常常不译。 eg4.When will he arrive? – You can never tell. 他什么时候到？很难说。 eg5. One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 eg6. All those years in the military, where there were certain standards and rules; where young men treated their superiors with respect; where you gave an order and it was obeyed; where a uniform meant you were all on the same side. 多年来的军队生涯，那里总是有一定的标准和规则；年轻人尊敬上级；发出命令，人人遵守；同样的制服就意味着站在同一边。 eg7. He who cannot forgive others destroys the bridge over which he himself must pass. 人不宽容他人，就会断了自己的后路。 eg8. If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader. 打蛇先打头，擒贼先擒王。 C. 省略作宾语的代词。 eg9. In fact, Hitler’s ―blitz‖ carried him so far in Russia, to the very gate of Leningrad by September, a city he was never to seize. 事实上，希特勒所进行的“闪电战”曾深入苏境，九月份已直逼列宁格勒--一座他始终未能攻陷的城市。 eg10. I’ve received your letter and read it with delight. 我收到你的来信，很愉快地读了。 eg11. In fact he showed quite clearly that the Copernican ideas were correct. But he did not say
翻译技巧之重复法
重复法实际上也是一种增词法，只不过所增加的词是上文刚出现过的词。翻译和写作一样，本应力求简练，尽量省略一些可有可无的词；但有时为了明确、强调或生动，却往往需要将一些关键性的词加以重复。 一、为了明确 （一）重复名词 1. 重复英语中作宾语的名词 1）Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations. 我们来修订安全规则和卫生规则吧。 2）I had experienced oxygen and / or engine trouble. 我曾碰到过，不是氧气设备出故障，就是引擎出故障，或两者都出故障。 3）They began to study and analyze the situation of the enemy. 他们开始研究敌情，分析敌情。 4）Thus, I wrote "Spain in Arms, 1937" and saw China in revolution in 1925-27, and later in war with Japan. 这样，我就写了《战斗中的西班牙（一九三七年）》。我也看到了一九二五年至一九二七年正在革命的中国，后来又看到了正同日本作战的中国。 2. 重复英语中作表语的名词 1）He became an oil baron -- all by himself. 他成为一个石油大王——一个白手起家的石油大王。 2）This has been our position -- but not theirs. 这一直是我们的立场——而不是他们的立场。 3）John is your friend as much as he is mine. 约翰既是你的朋友，又是我的朋友。 3. 重复英语前置词短语前所省略的名词
2016考研英语翻译技巧之：省略法
省略是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来，因为其在译文中是不言而喻的。换言之，省略是删去一些可有可无的，或者有了反嫌累赘或违背译文语言习惯的词。但省略并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去。 (1)冠词的省略 经典例题: Because the body’s defense system is damaged，the patient has little ability to fight off many other diseases. 参考译文: 由于人体的免疫系统遭到破坏，病人几乎没有什么能力来抵抗许许多多其他疾病的侵袭。 经典例题: Any substance is made up of atoms whether it is a solid，a liquid，or a gas. 参考译文 任何物质，无论它是固体、液体或气体，都是由原子构成的。 (2)代词的省略 经典例题: The desert animals can hide themselves from the heat during the daytime. 参考译文: 沙漠中的兽类能躲避白天的炎热天气。 经典例题: We all took it for granted that he would attend the meeting，but in the end he never turned up. 参考译文: 我们都想当然地以为他会来开会，但直到最后他也没有露面。 经典例题: We live and learn. 参考译文: 活到老，学到老。 (3)连词的省略 经典例题: Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. 参考译文 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸。 经典例题: He looked gloomy and troubled. 参考译文: 他看上去有些忧愁不安。 经典例题: If winter comes，can spring be far behind? 参考译文: 冬天来了，春天还会远吗? (4)介词的省略 经典例题: The density of air varies directly as pressure，with temperature being constant. 参考译文温度不变，空气的密度和压力成正比。 经典例题: Smoking is prohibited in public places. 参考译文: 公共场所不许吸烟。 经典例题: A body in motion remains in motion unless acted on by an external force. 参考译文 如果没有外力的作用，运动的物体仍然保持运动状态。 (5)同位语前置名词的省略 经典例题: Behaviorists，in contrast，say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. 分析:在同位句中，the fact就是指that所引导的blacks are often deprived of?that whites enjoy.在翻译成汉语时，就可以省略the fact，以免显得累赘。 参考译文: 相反，行为主义者认为，成绩的差异是由于黑人往往被剥夺了白人在教育及其他环境方面所享有的许多有利条件。(1990年真题) (6)同义词或近义词的省略 经典例题: Technology is the application of scientific method and knowledge to industry to satisfy our material needs and wants. 分析: 例句原文中的needs and wants是近义词，在英语中常一起出现，但从中文的角度来看，表达的是同一个意思。所以译文可以简洁一些。 参考译文: 技术就是在工业上应用科学方法和科学知识以满足我们物质上的需求。 经典例题: Insulators in reality conduct electricity but，nevertheless，their resistance is very high.分析: but，nevertheless是近义词，在文中都表示“但是”。
“改错翻译”省略法讲解
“改错翻译”省略法讲解 泛瑞翻译 英语基础知识的积累对大家英语学习能力的提高非常重要，同学们一定要多加练习。精品小编为大家整理了初中英语改错翻译省略法讲解，欢迎大家阅读。 初中英语改错翻译省略法讲解2014： 省略法是指在翻译中，原文中有些词在译文中可以省略，不必翻译出来。因为译文中虽然没有这个词，但是已经具有了原文这个词所表达的意思，或者这个词在译文中的意义是不言而喻的。省略的目的在于使译文更加通顺流畅，更符合译文习惯。但需要注意的是，省略并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去，省略不能改变原文的意义。现从语法角度和修辞角度分别举例探讨省略法： 一、从语法角度来看 (一)省代词 1.省略作主语的人称代词 (1)省略作主语的人称代词 根据汉语习惯，前句出现一个主语，后句如仍为同一主语，就不必重复出现。英语中通常每句都有主语，因此人称代词作主语往往多次出现，这种人称代词汉译时常常可以省略。 I hadmany wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice. 我有很多美妙的想法，但是只把少数付诸实践了。 He wasthin and haggard and he looked miserable. 他瘦弱憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。 (2)英语中，泛指人称代词作主语时，即使是作第一个主语，在汉语译文中往往也可以省略。 We liveand learn. 活到老，学到老。 Whenwill he arrive?—You can never tell. 他什么时候到?——说不准。 Thesignificance of a man is not in what he attained but rather in what he longs toattain. 人生的意义不在于已经获取的，而在于渴望得到什么样的东西。 2.省略作宾语的代词
翻译技巧汇总
. 第一节省略法 所谓“省略”并不是把原文的意义删去，而是省略一些可有可无的，或者有了反而显得累赘甚至违背译文语言习惯的词。 一、结构考虑的省略 1．代词的省略 A．省略作主语的代词 在英文句子中，作主语的代词较多。为了使译文前后句子的意思紧凑，避免重复用词，或者为了使译文前后句子的主语能清楚地表示出来，有时可以将作主语的代词省去。但省去的人称代词在意思上仍明显地包含在译文里。例如： 1). That is the way I am, and try as I might, I haven't been able to change it. 但我就是这个脾气，虽然几经努力，却未能改变过来。 2）Like his friends he had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice. 像他的朋友一样，他头脑里虽然有许多美妙的想法，却只有少数付诸实施。 B. 在英语句子中，泛指的人称代词常常不译出来。例如： 1）One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 2）They say it's so. 据说是这样。 C. 作宾语的代词往往也可省略。 在英语句子中，有时作宾语的代词，无论在前面是否提到过，翻译成汉语的时候往往可以不译出来。例如： 1）The following letter will explain itself and needs no apology. 下面的话一看就明白，用不着道歉。 2）If you have read these stories, tell them in your own words. 如果你读过这些故事，就用自己的话讲出来。 3）The more he tried to hide his warts, the more he revealed them. 他越是要掩盖他的烂疮疤，就越是会暴露。 D. 省略物主代词 在英语句子里的物主代词，出现的频率很高。一个句子中往往会出现好几个物主代词，如果将每个物主代词都翻译出来那么汉语译文就显得非常罗嗦。所以在没有其他人称的物主代词出现的情况下，在翻译的时候物主代词大多省略。例如： 1）For two weeks, he had been studying the house, looking at its room,its electric wiring, its path and its garden. 两个星期以来，他一直注意房子的情况，查看各个房间、留心电路的走向以及通道和花园的布局。 2) In order to survive, to feed, clothe and shelter himself and his children, man is engaged in a constant struggle with nature. 为了生存，为了自己和子孙后代的衣食住行，人类和大自然不断地进行着斗争。 1)She felt the flowers were in her finger, on her lips, growing in her breast.
翻译技巧：加词法和减词法
翻译技巧（二）：加词法和减词法 加（增）词法 英汉两种语言，由于表达方法不尽相同，有些词在英语中可以省略而不会影响全句意思的完整表达，但译成汉语后就可能出现意思不够明确的语言现象；还有些词虽然在原文中意义明确而完整，但译成汉语后文字却不甚通顺流畅。在这种情况下，就需要使用增词译法。增词法就是在翻译时按照意义、修辞或句法上的需要，在原文的基础上添加必要的单词、词组、分句或完整句，从而使得译文在语法、语言形式上符合译文习惯和在文化背景、词语联想方面与原文一致，使得译文与原文在内容、形式和精神等三方面都对等起来，更忠实通顺地表达原文的思想内容。 S y n t a c t i c a l A m p l i f i c a t i o n（从句法结构上考虑的增词） This kind of amplification includes: amplification by supplying such kinds of words as verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, numerals, category words, generalization words, and the plural forms of nouns. (1) 增加量词（classifier） 英语中数词与可数名词往往可以直接连用，不用加量词。而汉语往往要加量词。 It was a nova! 这是一颗新星！ The sun rose thinly from the sea. 一轮红日从海边淡淡升起。 A stream was winding its ways through the valley into the river. 一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷，汇到江里去了。 (2) 增加表达复数的词(convey the concept of plurality) 汉语中的名词没有复数概念，也没有词形上的变化，很多情况下不必表达出来；而英语中的名词有词形的变化，但没有量词，所以在翻译成汉语的时候，可根据情况增加重叠词、数词或其他一些词来表达复数的概念，以达到修辞效果。 All roads lead to Rome 条条大路通罗马 The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。 The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley. 群山已在山谷里开始投下蔚蓝色的长影。 I saw bubbles rising from under the water. 我看见一个个水泡从水下升起。 (3) 增加概括词(Amplification by supplying words of generalization)
2017考研英语：词法翻译法——省略法
2017考研英语：词法翻译法——省略法 1. 省略代词 ?省略作主语的人称代词 I had many wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice. We live and learn. 活到老，学到老。 The significance of life is not in what he attained but rather in what he longs to attain. 人生的意义不在于已经获得的，而在于渴望得到什么样的东西。 ?省略作作宾语的代词 Please take off the old picture and throw it away. 取下来扔掉 ?省略物主代词 I put my hand in my pocket. 2. 代词it的省略 Outside it was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs. 外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。 It was 08:00. It took me a long time to reach the destination. It is the people who are really powerful. 人民才是最强大的。 3. 省略连接词 He looked gloomy and troubled. 忧虑不安 As it is late, you had better go home. 时间不早了 If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了 If I had known it, I would not have joined into. 早知如此 John rose gloomy as the train stopped. 火车停了 4. 省略冠词 The horse is a useful animal. 马是有益的动物。 It is out of the question to fly to the moon in the past 有些情况，冠词不能省略： He left without saying a word. 一句话 This is the book you wanted. 那本书 5. 省略介词 省略表示时间的介词 The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong returned to the People’s Republic of China. ?省略表示地点的介词 Smoking is prohibited in public places. In winter, it is much colder in the North than it is in the South. 特例： He stood by the desk. 他站在桌旁。 He stayed in his own house. 他住在自己家里。 6.省略动词
英汉翻译法5——省略法
2.2.3 省略法 省略法也被称为减词法(pruning)。跟增词法刚好相反，省略法是指把原文中有的词语省掉不译出来，但省掉的都是一些可有可无的或违背译语语言习惯的词，如实词众的代词、动词的省略，虚词中的冠词、介词和连词的省略等，目的是为了在忠实的基础上使译文更加简洁通顺。 一、由于语法差异而需要省略： 1．代词的省略：英语中代词的使用频率远远高于汉语，根据实际情况有时需要把代词所指代的人或事物重复出来，而有时则可以直接省掉，有人称代词（主格或宾格），物主代词等。 例1．Order is order. We cannot complain, we cannot bargain, we cannot question and we cannot suggest changes. 命令就是命令，不得抱怨，不得讨价还价，不得置疑，不得建议修改。例2．One must make painstaking efforts before one can master a foreign language. 要掌握一门外语非下苦功夫不可. 例3．He put his hands in his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders. 他把双手放进衣兜里，耸了耸肩。 例4． A person with nerve damage in the spinal cord can grasp objects when his or her forearms are activated by a device like this one. 脊髓神经有损伤的人使用这样的装置后，前臂肌肉被激活，便能抓住东西。 2．It的省略：it作形式主语或宾语，强调句中的it，或表示自然现象、时间、地点、距离等的it常常可以省略。 例：P31 3．连接词的省略：英语是一种形合的语言，连接词使用较多；而汉语是一种意合的语言，上下文的关系往往是暗含的，所以原文的一些连接词常常可以省略。 The transfer of administrative personnel in that colony is so frequent as to create a kaleidoscopic （万花筒）effect. 在那个殖民地，行政官员调换频繁，就像走马灯似的。 Check the voltage setting before you connect your computer to the wall socket. 检查电压设置，再接通计算机电源。 If you remember these points, it will help you. 记住这几点，对你们会有帮助。 4．冠词的省略：由于汉语中没有冠词，很多情况下都不译冠词。 Can the man be free if the woman is a slave? 女人做奴隶，男人能自由吗？ Death’s approach is accompanied by a darkening of the patient’s blood. 死亡临近时，病人血液的颜色会加深。