This is IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English

This is IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English.这里是美国之音慢速英语时事新闻Leaders of the world's twenty largest economies met this week in Seoul, South Korea. They agreed to try to let market forces drive currency exchange rates. Their declaration Friday also promised to avoid competitive devaluation of currencies本周全球二十大经济领导人在汉城会晤。他们同意尽量让市场力量驱动货币汇率。周五的声明还承诺避免“货币竞争性贬值”。

A weaker currency lowers the price of a country's exports. That angers other exporters with stronger currencies, and it can lead to so-called currency wars. 一个国家采用弱势货币政策，能够降低出口的价格。但这将激怒其他采用强势货币政策的出口国，这就引起很容易引起所谓的货币战争。

Leaders from the Group of 20 urged "advanced economies" to guard against disorderly movements in exchange rates. At the same time, they rejected the idea of setting target amounts for national trade balances20国集团领导人督促“发达经济体”警惕汇率无序波动。同时，他们反对为国家贸易失衡设限的建议。

The United States and South Korea supported the idea. Others, including China, Germany and Japan, opposed it.

美国和韩国支持这一想法。其他的包括中国，德国和日本反对这项计划。

Instead, the leaders said they will order their finance ministers to develop a set of "indicative guidelines" early next year. These will measure trade and economic balances, to signal when deficits or surpluses are becoming too large.相反，领导人表示，他们将下令本国财政部长明年年初制定指示性方针（indicative guidelines），这些措施将衡量贸易和经济的平衡，当赤字或盈余变得太大将发出信号。President Obama noted that the G-20 leaders made progress in areas like approving reforms for the International Monetary Fund. But he himself failed in efforts to secure a free trade agreement with South Korea. And he made little progress in his push to get China to let the value of its currency rise.

奥巴马指出，20国集团领导人在例如通过国际货币基金改革方案等领域取得了进展。但他本人未能敲定韩美自由贸易协定，同时在推动人民币升值问题上也进展甚微。

Mr. Obama says the yuan is undervalued. He also said he believes China will continue to make progress on the issue.

奥巴马说，人民币被贬值了。他还表示，他相信中国将继续在这个问题上取得进展。BARACK OBAMA: "Letting currencies reflect market fundamentals, allowing your currency to move up and down depending on the role that you’re playing in the international trading system, is the best way to assure that everybody benefits from trade rather than just some."

奥巴马：“让货币反应市场基本面，根据在国际贸易体系中扮演的角色允许货币自由浮动，是确保所有国家，而不是个别国家从贸易中受益的最好办法。”

G-20 leaders say their Seoul Action Plan will help further strengthen the global economy. Stephen Schwartz is an economist at the Spanish investment bank BBVA in Hong Kong.

20国集团领导人表示，《首尔宣言》将有助于进一步加强全球经济。Stephen Schwartz 是西班牙投资在香港的银行西班牙对外银行的经济学家。

STEPHEN SCHWARTZ: "It should help ease some of the recent rhetoric and tensions over currency issues and imbalances for a little while. I stres s a little while because as long as we have this very unbalanced global recovery we are going to get periodic tensions in policy setting."

STEPHEN SCHWARTZ：“《首尔宣言》将有助于暂时缓解最近在货币争端和贸易不平衡问题上的争执和紧张局势。我强调是暂时缓解，是因为只要全球经济复苏不平衡，在政策制定上就会有周期性的紧张局势出现。”

After two days in Seoul, President Obama arrived in Japan. Leaders of APEC, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation group, are meeting Saturday and Sunday in Yokohama.

在首尔度过2日后，美国总统奥巴马抵达日本。亚太经贸合作组织的领导人将在横滨于周六周日举行会议。

The United States is leading the effort for a Trans-Pacific Partnership. This would cut import taxes for nine countries, including Japan. But Japanese farmers are fiercely opposed.

美国正致力于泛太平洋伙伴关系协定(Trans-Pacific Partnership ，简称为TPP)，这将减少包括日本在内的9个国家的关税。但遭到日本农民强烈的反对。

Last week, the United States central bank announced a plan to pump more money into the economy to support growth. Some Asian leaders and economists say the plan by the Federal Reserve could send a flood of dollars into Asia. They say prices could rise quickly and form "bubbles," whose collapse could cause another financial crisis.

上周，美国央行宣布了一项将注入更多资金以支持经济增长的计划。一些亚洲国家领导人和经济学家认为，美国联邦储备的计划可能给亚洲带来经济的泛滥。他们表示，物价可能会迅速上升，形成一些“泡沫”，这些泡沫一旦破灭可能导致另一场金融危机。

Japan is the last stop on President Obama's ten-day trip to Asia. In India, he became the first American president to openly support a permanent seat for that country on the United Nations Security Council.

日本是奥巴马总统十天亚洲旅程中的最后一站。在印度，他是第一位公开支持印度成为联合国安理会常任理事国的美国总统。

He also visited Indonesia, where he spent four years as a boy.

他还访问了曾经生活四年的印度尼西亚。

And that's IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. I'm Steve Ember. currency n. 1. 通货, 货币2. 流通, 通用, 流行3. 市价

declaration n.宣布，宣言，宣告，声明

We read the declaration posted on the bulletin board.

我们读了贴在布告板上的声明。

devaluation n.(货币)贬值

amount n.总额, 总数

He owed me ￡100 but could pay only half that amount.

他欠我100英镑, 但是只能偿还总数的一半。

indicative adj.表明；标示；显示；暗示

His presence is indicative of his willingness to help.

他的出席表示他愿意帮忙。

secure adj.牢固的; 可靠的

That is a secure foothold.

那是一可靠的落脚点。

fundamental adj.基本的; 重要的, 必要的

Fresh air is fundamental to good health.

新鲜空气对健康是不可缺少的。

n.基本原理

rhetoric n.华而不实的言语；花言巧语

fiercely adv.猛烈地;激烈地；狂暴地

a fiercely competitive sport

激烈对抗性的体育运动