文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 微观经济学题库

微观经济学题库

微观经济学题库
微观经济学题库

SECTION A: Multiple choice questions. Students should attempt to find the best answer for each question. Each question is worth two mark (2).

Section B: Short answers. Students should attempt to answer any three (3) from the following five (5) short answer questions. Each short answer question is worth fifteen (15) marks.

II. Term definition (2 points per each. 20 points in total)

III. Discussion (4 points per each. 20 points in total)

Chapter 1

What is the opportunity cost of seeing a movie?

ANW:

the opportunity cost of seeing a movie includes the monetary cost of admission plus the time cost of going to the theater and attending the show. The time cost depends on what else you might do with that time; if it's staying home and watching TV, the time cost may be small, but if it's working an extra three hours at your job, the time cost is the money you could have earned.

What does the “invisible hand” of the market-place do?

ANW:

The "invisible hand" of the marketplace represents the idea that even though individuals and firms are all acting in their own self-interest, prices and the marketplace guide them to do what is good for society as a whole.

Chapter 2

Draw and explain a production possibilities frontier for an economy that produces computer and car.

Draw and explain a circular flow for an economy

Chapter 4

The case study presented in the chapter discussed cigarette taxes as a way to reduce smoking.

Now think about the markets for other tobacco products such as cigars and chewing tobacco.

a.Are these goods substitutes or complements for cigarettes?

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8f13119655.html,ing a supply-and-demand diagram, show what happens in the markets for cigars and chewing tobacco if the tax on cigarettes is increased.

c.If policymakers wanted to reduce total tobacco consumption, what policies could they combine with the cigarette tax

ANS:

a. Cigars and chewing tobacco are substitutes for cigarettes, since a higher price for cigarettes wo uld increase the demand for cigars and chewing tobacco.

b. An increase in the tax on cigarettes leads to increased demand for cigars and chewing tobacco. The result, as shown in Figure 25 for cigars, is a rise in both the equilibrium price and quantity of cigars and chewing tobacco.

c. The results in part (b) showed that a tax on cigarettes leads people to substitute cigars and chewi ng tobacco for cigarettes when the tax on cigarettes rises. To reduce total tobacco usage, policyma kers might also want to increase the tax on cigars and chewing tobacco, or pursue some type of pu blic education program.

90. A very hot summer in Atlanta will cause

a.the demand curve for lemonade to shift to the left.

b.the demand for air conditioners to decrease.

c.the demand for jackets to decrease.

d. a movement downward and to the right along the demand curve for tank tops.

91. If a study by medical researchers found that brown sugar caused weight loss while white sugar

caused weight gain, then we likely would see

a.an increase in demand for brown sugar and a decrease in demand for white sugar.

b. a decrease in demand for brown sugar and an increase in demand for white sugar.

c.an increase in demand for both brown sugar and white sugar.

d.no change in demand for either type of sugar because weight loss is not a determinant of

demand.

92. Which of the following events could shift the demand curve for gasoline to the left?

a.The income of gasoline buyers rises, and gasoline is a normal good.

b.The income of gasoline buyers falls, and gasoline is an inferior good.

c.Public service announcements run on television encourage people to walk or ride bicycles

instead of driving cars.

d.The price of gasoline rises.

93. An increase in the number of college scholarships issued by private foundations would

a.increase the supply of education.

b.decrease the supply of education.

c.increase the demand for education.

d.decrease the demand for education.

94. Today, people changed their expectations about the future. This change

a.can cause a movement along a demand curve.

b.can affect future demand, but not today’s demand.

c.can affect today’s deman

d.

d.cannot affect either today’s demand or future demand.

95. If Juan expects to earn a higher income next month, he may choose to

a.save more now and spend less of his current income on goods and services.

b.save less now and spend more of his current income on goods and services.

c.decrease his current demand for goods and services.

d.move along his current demand curves for goods and services.

96. You love peanut butter. You hear on the news that 50 percent of the peanut crop in the South has been wiped out by drought, and that this will cause the price of peanuts to double by the end of the year. As a result,

a.your demand for peanut butter will increase, but not until the end of the year.

b.your demand for peanut butter increases today.

c.your demand for peanut butter decreases as you look for a substitute goo

d.

d.your demand for peanut butter shifts left today.

Let the demand and supply for a good be given by

qd = 1600?38p

qs = 2 p + 400

What is the equilibrium quantity and price?

Figure 4-4

Panel (a) Panel (b)

price

P

D'D

quantity

110. Refer to Figure 4-4. The graphs show the demand for cigarettes. In Panel (a), the arrows are consistent with which of the following events?

a.The price of marijuana, a complement to cigarettes, increased.

b.Mandatory health warnings were placed on cigarette packages.

c.Several foreign countries banned U.S. cigarettes in their countries.

d. A tax was placed on cigarettes.

111. Refer to Figure 4-4. The graphs show the demand for cigarettes. In Panel (a), the arrows are consistent with which of the following events?

a.Tobacco and marijuana are complements and the price of marijuana decreased.

b.Tobacco is a “gateway drug” and the price of marijuana increased.

c.The price of cigarettes increase

d.

d.The arrows are consistent with all of these events.

112. Refer to Figure 4-4. The graphs show the demand for cigarettes. In Panel (b), the arrows are consistent with which of the following events?

a.The price of cigarettes increased.

b. A tax was placed on cigarettes.

c.The prohibition of cigarette advertisements on television.

d.Tobacco and marijuana are complements and the price of marijuana decreased.

108. When supply and demand both increase, equilibrium

a.price will increase.

b.price will decrease.

c.quantity may increase, decrease, or remain unchange

d.

d.price may increase, decrease, or remain unchanged.

109. Suppose that demand for a good increases and, at the same time, supply of the good decreases.

What would happen in the market for the good?

a.Equilibrium price would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.

b.Equilibrium price would increase, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.

c.Equilibrium quantity would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.

d.Equilibrium quantity would increase, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.

110. A weaker demand together with a stronger supply would necessarily result in

a. a lower price.

b. a higher price.

c.an increase in equilibrium quantity.

d. a decrease in equilibrium quantity.

111. Suppose that demand for a good decreases and, at the same time, supply of the good decreases.

What would happen in the market for the good?

a.Equilibrium price would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.

b.Equilibrium price would increase, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.

c.Equilibrium quantity would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.

d.Equilibrium quantity would increase, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.

112. Suppose the number of buyers in a market increases and a technological advancement occurs also.

What would we expect to happen in the market?

a.Equilibrium price would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.

b.Equilibrium price would increase, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.

c.Equilibrium quantity would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.

d.Equilibrium quantity would increase, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.

113. Suppose the incomes of buyers in a market for a particular normal good decrease and there is also

a reduction in input prices. What would we expect to occur in this market?

a.Equilibrium price would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.

b.Equilibrium price would increase, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.

c.Equilibrium quantity would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.

d.Equilibrium quantity would increase, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.

114. What would happen to the equilibrium price and quantity of coffee if the wages of coffee-bean pickers fell and the price of tea fell?

a.Price would fall and the effect on quantity would be ambiguous.

b.Price would rise and the effect on quantity would be ambiguous.

c.Quantity would fall and the effect on price would be ambiguous.

d.Quantity would rise and the effect on price would be ambiguous.

115. Music compact discs are normal goods. What will happen to the equilibrium price and quantity of music compact discs if musicians accept lower royalties, compact disc players become cheaper, more firms start producing music compact discs, and music lovers experience an increase in income?

a.Price will fall and the effect on quantity is ambiguous.

b.Price will rise and the effect on quantity is ambiguous.

c.Quantity will fall and the effect on price is ambiguous.

d.Quantity will rise and the effect on price is ambiguous.

ANS: D DIF: 3 REF: 4-4

NAT: Analytic LOC: Equilibrium TOP: Equilibrium MSC: Analytical

116. What will happen to the equilibrium price of new textbooks if more students attend college, paper becomes cheaper, textbook authors accept lower royalties, and fewer used textbooks are sold?

a.Price will rise.

b.Price will fall.

c.Price will stay exactly the same.

d.The price change will be ambiguous.

ANS: D DIF: 3 REF: 4-4

NAT: Analytic LOC: Equilibrium TOP: Equilibrium MSC: Analytical

117. New oak tables are normal goods. What would happen to the equilibrium price and quantity in the market for oak tables if the price of maple tables rises, the price of oak wood rises, more buyers enter the market for oak tables, and the price of wood saws increased?

a.Price will fall and the effect on quantity is ambiguous.

b.Price will rise and the effect on quantity is ambiguous.

c.Quantity will fall and the effect on price is ambiguous.

d.Quantity will rise and the effect on price is ambiguous.

Chapter 5

When consumers face rising gasoline prices, they typically

a. reduce their quantity demanded more in the long run than in the short run.

b. reduce their quantity demanded more in the short run than in the long run.

c. do not reduce their quantity demanded in the short run or the long run.

d. increase their quantity demanded in the short run but reduce their quantity demanded in the

long run.

*Which of the following is likely to have the most price inelastic demand?

a. mint-flavored toothpaste

b. toothpaste

c. Colgate mint-flavored toothpaste

d. a generic mint-flavored toothpaste

*If the price of natural gas rises, when is the price elasticity of demand likely to be the highest?

a. immediately after the price increase

b. one month after the price increase

c. three months after the price increase

d. one year after the price increase

*Studies indicate that the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes is about 0.4. A government policy aimed at reducing smoking changed the price of a pack of cigarettes from $2 to $6. According to the midpoint method, the government policy should have reduced smoking by

a. 30%.

b. 40%.

c. 80%.

d. 250%.

If a 15% increase in price for a good results in a 20% decrease in quantity demanded, the price elasticity of demand is

a. 0.75.

b. 1.25.

c. 1.33.

d. 1.60.

Refer to Figure 5-10. If rectangle D is larger than rectangle A, then

a. demand is elastic between prices P1 and P2.

b. a decrease in price from P2 to P1 will cause an increase in total revenue.

c. the magnitude of the percent change in price between P1 and P2 is smaller than the magnitude

of the corresponding percent change in quantity demanded.

d. All of the above are correct.

*If the price elasticity of demand for tuna is 0.7, then a 1.5% increase in the price of tuna will decrease the quantity demanded of tuna by

a. 1.05%, and tuna sellers' total revenue will increase as a result.

b. 1.05%, and tuna sellers' total revenue will decrease as a result.

c. 2.14%, and tuna sellers' total revenue will increase as a result.

d. 2.14%, and tuna sellers' total revenue will decrease as a result.

*When a supply curve is relatively flat,

a. sellers are not very responsive to changes in price.

b. the supply is relatively inelasti

c.

c. the supply is relatively elastic.

d. Both a and b are correct.

*A 10 percent increase in gasoline prices reduces gasoline consumption by about

a. 6 percent after one year and 2.5 percent after five years.

b. 2.5 percent after one year and 6 percent after five years.

c.10 percent after one year and 20 percent after five years.

d.0 percent after one year and 1 percent after five years.

206. When demand is inelastic the price elasticity of demand is

a.less than 1, and price and total revenue will move in the same direction.

b.less than 1, and price and total revenue will move in opposite directions.

c.greater than 1, and price and total revenue will move in the same direction.

d.greater than 1, and price and total revenue will move in opposite directions.

14. If corn farmers know that the demand for corn is inelastic, and they want to increase their total

revenue, they should all

a.plant more corn so that they would be able to sell more each year.

b.increase spending on fertilizer in an attempt to produce more corn on the acres they farm.

c.reduce the number of acres they plant in corn.

d.contribute to a fund that promotes technological advances in corn production.

15. There are fewer farmers in the United States today than 200 years ago because of

a.increases in farm technology.

b.increased government regulations in farming.

c.an elastic demand for foo

d.

d.environmental programs designed to reduce soil erosion.

16. How did the farm population in the United States change between 1950 and 2008?

a.It dropped from 10 million to fewer than 3 million people.

b.It dropped from 20 million to fewer than 5 million people.

c.It dropped from 30 million to just over 6 million people.

d.It increased from 10 million to almost 13 million peopl

e.

17. Between 1950 and 2008 there was a

a.20 percent drop in the number of farmers, but farm output more than tripled.

b.30 percent drop in the number of farmers, but farm output more than tripled.

c.50 percent drop in the number of farmers, but farm output more than double

d.

d.70 percent drop in the number of farmers, but farm output more than doubled.

5. Using the graph shown, in which the vertical distance between points A and B represents the tax

in the market, answer the following questions.

a.What was the equilibrium price and quantity in this market before the tax?

b.What is the amount of the tax?

c.How much of the tax will the buyers pay?

d.How much of the tax will the sellers pay?

e.How much will the buyer pay for the product after the tax is imposed?

f.How much will the seller receive after the tax is imposed?

g.As a result of the tax, what has happened to the level of market activity?

8

6

ANS:

a.Equilibrium price was $8 and equilibrium quantity was 8,000 units.

b.The tax is $5.

c.Buyers will pay $3.

d.Sellers will pay $2.

e.$11.

f.$6.

g.Instead of 8,000 units bought and sold, only 6,000 will be bought and sold.

How does elasticity affect the burden of a tax? Justify your answer using supply and demand

diagrams.

The tax burden falls more heavily on the side of the market that is more inelastic.

DIF: 2 REF: 6-2 NAT: Analytic

60. To say that a price floor is binding is to say that the price floor

a.results in a shortage.

b.is set below the equilibrium price.

c.causes quantity supplied to exceed quantity demande

d.

d.All of the above are correct.

61. A surplus results when

a. a nonbinding price floor is imposed on a market.

b. a nonbinding price floor is removed from a market.

c. a binding price floor is imposed on a market.

d. a binding price floor is removed from a market.

62. The imposition of a binding price floor on a market causes quantity demanded to be

a.greater than quantity supplied.

b.less than quantity supplied.

c.equal to quantity supplie

d.

d.Both (a) and (b) are possibl

e.

63. If a price floor is a binding constraint on a market, then

a.the equilibrium price must be above the price floor.

b.the quantity demanded must exceed the quantity supplied.

c.sellers cannot sell all they want to sell at the price floor.

d.buyers cannot buy all they want to buy at the price floor.

73. When a binding price floor is imposed on a market to benefit sellers,

a.every seller in the market benefits.

b.every buyer in the market benefits, too.

c.every seller who wants to sell the good will be able to do so, but only if they appeal to the

personal biases of the buyers.

d.some sellers will not be able to sell any amount of the good.

76. An example of a price floor is

a.the regulation of gasoline prices in the U.S. in the 1970s.

b.rent control.

c.the minimum wage.

d.any restriction on price that leads to a shortag

e.

77. The minimum wage is an example of

a. a price ceiling.

b. a price floor.

c. a wage subsidy.

d. a tax.

78. Which of the following is correct?

a.Rent control and the minimum wage are both examples of price ceilings.

b.Rent control is an example of a price ceiling, and the minimum wage is an example of a

price floor.

c.Rent control is an example of a price floor, and the minimum wage is an example of a price

ceiling.

d.Rent control and the minimum wage are both examples of price floors.

2.If a tax is levied on the sellers of a product, then the demand curve

a.will shift down.

b.will shift up.

c.will become flatter.

d.will not shift.

3. If a tax is levied on the sellers of a product, then the supply curve

a.will shift up.

b.will shift down.

c.will become flatter.

d.will not shift.

4. If a tax is levied on the sellers of a product, then there will be a(n)

a.downward shift of the demand curve.

b.upward shift of the demand curve.

c.movement up and to the left along the demand curve.

d.movement down and to the right along the demand curv

e.

5. If a tax is levied on the sellers of a product, then there will be a(n)

a.downward shift of the supply curve.

b.upward shift of the supply curve.

c.movement up and to the right along the supply curve.

d.movement down and to the left along the supply curv

e.

138. Suppose that the demand for picture frames is elastic and the supply of picture frames is inelastic.

A tax of $1 per frame levied on picture frames will increase the price paid by buyers of picture

frames by

a.less than $0.50.

b.$0.50.

c.between $0.50 and $1.

d.$1.

139. Suppose that the demand for picture frames is elastic and the supply of picture frames is inelastic.

A tax of $1 per frame levied on picture frames will decrease the effective price received by

sellers of picture frames by

a.less than $0.50.

b.$0.50.

c.between $0.50 and $1.

d.$1.

140. In which of these cases will the tax burden fall most heavily on sellers of the good?

a.The demand curve is relatively steep and the supply curve is relatively flat.

b.The demand curve is relatively flat and the supply curve is relatively steep.

c.The demand curve and the supply curve are both relatively flat.

d.The demand curve and the supply curve are both relatively steep.

Chapter 7

What is consumer surplus, and how is it measured?

Consumer surplus measures the benefit to buyers of participating in a market. It is measured as the amount a buyer is willing to pay for a good minus the amount a buyer actually pays for it. For an individual purchase, consumer surplus is the difference between the willingness to pay, as shown on the demand curve, and the market price. For the market, total consumer surplus is the area under the demand curve and above the price, from the origin to the quantity purchased.

What is producer surplus, and how is it measured?

Producer surplus measures the benefit to sellers of participating in a market. It is measured as the amount a seller is paid minus the cost of production. For an individual sale, producer surplus is measured as the difference between the market price and the cost of production, as shown on the supply curve. For the market, total producer surplus is measured as the area above the supply curve and below the market price, between the origin and the quantity sold.

Table 7-5

For each of three potential buyers of oranges, the table displays the willingness to pay for the first three oranges of the day. Assume Alex, Barb, and Carlos are the only three buyers of oranges, and only three oranges can be supplied per day.

37. Refer to Table 7-5. If the market price of an orange is $1.20, how many the market quantity

of oranges demanded per day is? Explain it.

Chapter 10

2. Using a supply and demand diagram, demonstrate how a positive externality leads to

market inefficiency. How might the government help to eliminate this inefficiency?

ANS:

When a positive externality exists, the private value (or demand curve) is less than the social value. The market equilibrium quantity will be less than the socially optimal quantity. The government could help eliminate this inefficiency by subsidizing the product. In this example, the size of the per-unit subsidy would be P3 - P1.

DIF: 2 REF: 10-1 NAT: Analytic

The Coase theorem suggests that efficient solutions to externalities can be determined through bargaining. Under what circumstances will private bargaining fail to produce a solution? ANS:

Private parties may fail to bargain to an efficient solution under a variety of circumstances. First, the transaction costs of bargaining may be so high that one or both of the parties decides not to bargain. Second, the bargaining may not take place if one or both of the parties believes that the agreement cannot be enforced. Third, one or both of the parties may try to hold out for a better deal, in which case the bargaining process breaks down. Fourth, if there are a large number of parties taking part in the negotiations, the costs of coordination may be so great that the bargaining is not successful.

DIF: 1 REF: 10-3 NAT: Analytic

12. An externality exists whenever

a.the economy cannot benefit from government intervention.

b.markets are not able to reach equilibrium.

c. a firm sells its product in a foreign market.

d. a person engages in an activity that influences the well-being of a bystander and yet neither

pays nor receives payment for that effect.

13. When externalities are present in a market, the well-being of market participants

a.and market bystanders are both directly affected.

b.and market bystanders are both indirectly affected.

c.is directly affected, and market bystanders are indirectly affecte

d.

d.is indirectly affected, and market bystanders are directly affected.

14. Dog owners do not bear the full cost of the noise their barking dogs create and often take too few

precautions to prevent their dogs from barking. Local governments address this problem by

a.making it illegal to "disturb the peace."

b.having a well-funded animal control department.

c.subsidizing local animal shelters.

d.encouraging people to adopt cats.

15. Which of the following statements about a well-maintained yard best conveys the general nature

of the externality?

a. A well-maintained yard conveys a positive externality because it increases the home's market

value.

b. A well-maintained yard conveys a negative externality because it increases the property tax

liability of the owner.

c. A well-maintained yard conveys a positive externality because it increases the value of

adjacent properties in the neighborhood.

d. A well-maintained yard cannot provide any type of externality.

16. Since restored historic buildings convey a positive externality, local governments may choose to

a.regulate the demolition of them.

b.provide tax breaks to owners who restore them.

c.increase property taxes in historic areas.

d.Both a and b are correct.

17. All externalities

a.cause markets to fail to allocate resources efficiently.

b.cause equilibrium prices to be too high.

c.benefit producers at the expense of consumers.

d.cause equilibrium prices to be too low.

Figure 10-5

3. Refer to Figure 10-5. Which of the following statements is correct?

a.To induce firms to internalize the externality in this market, the government should impose a

tax measured by P2 - P0.

b.To induce firms to internalize the externality in this market, the government should offer a

subsidy measured by P2 - P0.

c.To induce firms to internalize the externality in this market, the government should impose a

tax measured by P2 - P1.

d.There is no externality in this market.

4. Suppose that an MBA degree creates no externality because the benefits of an MBA are

internalized by the student in the form of higher wages. If the government offers subsidies for MBAs, then which of the following statements is correct?

a.The equilibrium quantity of MBAs will equal the socially optimal quantity of MBAs.

b.The equilibrium quantity of MBAs will be greater than the socially optimal quantity of

MBAs.

c.The equilibrium quantity of MBAs will be less than the socially optimal quantity of MBAs.

d.There is not enough information to answer the question.

5. Suppose that an MBA degree creates no externality because the benefits of an MBA are

internalized by the student in the form of higher wages. If there are no government subsidies for MBAs, then which of the following statements is correct?

a.The equilibrium quantity of MBAs will equal the socially optimal quantity of MBAs.

b.The equilibrium quantity of MBAs will be greater than the socially optimal quantity of

MBAs.

c.The equilibrium quantity of MBAs will be less than the socially optimal quantity of MBAs.

d.There is not enough information to answer the question.

6. Since externalities tend to keep markets from reaching a socially optimal equilibrium,

government action

a.is always needed because private solutions can never be attained.

b.is needed when private solutions fail to arise.

c.will be needed only to correct for positive externalities.

d.will be needed only to correct for negative externalities.

7. Firms that are involved in more than one type of business could be evidence of an attempt to

a.increase private profit at the expense of consumers.

b.internalize some forms of positive externalities.

c.reduce the impact of government regulations on their business.

d.increase the private marginal cost of production.

8. Private contracts between parties with mutual interests

a.will reduce the well-being of society.

b.will lead to market outcomes in which the public interest is sacrificed for personal gain.

c.can solve some inefficiencies associated with positive externalities.

d.will create negative externalities.

9. Which of the following statements is not correct?

a.Private markets tend to over-produce products with negative externalities.

b.Private markets tend to under-produce products with positive externalities.

c.Private parties can bargain to efficient outcomes even in the presence of externalities.

d.Private parties are usually more successful in achieving efficient outcomes than government

policies.

10. Private solutions may not be possible due to the costs of negotiating and enforcing these solutions.

Such costs are called

a.transaction costs.

b.corrective costs.

c.input costs.

d.private costs.

Chapter 11

1. Place each of the following in the correct location in the table.

Rival?

Excludable?

Yes No

a. Congested toll roads

b. Knowledge

c. Fish in the ocean

d. National defense

e. Congested nontoll roads

f.

Cable TV g. The environment h. Fire protection i. Ice-cream cones j. Uncongested toll roads k. Clothing

l.

Uncongested nontoll roads

ANS:

Rival?

Yes

No Excludable?

Yes

No

DIF: 1 REF: 11-1 NAT: Analytic

LOC: The Study of economics, and definitions in economics

Why do wild salmon populations face the threat of extinction while goldfish populations are in no such danger?

ANS:

No one owns the wild salmon, while private individuals own goldfish. The profit motive leads to different allocations of the resources. Salmon fishermen have an individual incentive to catch as many salmon as possible before someone else does. Pet shop owners have a profit incentive to breed goldfish to sell to consumers.

DIF: 2 REF: 11-3 NAT: Analytic

1. For private goods allocated in markets,

a.prices guide the decisions of buyers and sellers and these decisions lead to an efficient

allocation of resources.

b.prices guide the decisions of buyers and sellers and these decisions lead to an inefficient

allocation of resources.

c.the government guides the decisions of buyers and sellers and these decisions lead to an

efficient allocation of resources.

d.the government guides the decisions of buyers and sellers and these decisions lead to an

inefficient allocation of resources.

2. Government policy can potentially raise economic well-being

a.in all markets for goods and services.

b.in economic models, but not in reality.

c.when a good does not have a price attached to it.

d.never.

3. The old lyric “the best things in life are free”

a.is not true for any goods.

b.is even true for some goods that have a price.

c.refers to goods provided by nature or the government.

d.refers to goods provided by the market.

4. Governments can improve market outcomes for

a.public goods but not common resources.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8f13119655.html,mon resources but not public goods.

c.both public goods and common resources.

d.neither public goods nor common resources.

微观经济学试题库(含答案)

一、单选题(70题) 1. 下列哪一种资源是最不具有稀缺性的() A.医生;B.苹果;C.铁矿石;D.空气; 2. 下列中的哪一个问题是最有可能被微观经济学家所研究的() A. 一般物价的膨胀; B. 整个经济中的失业; C. 总产出的增长率; D. 汽车行业中的劳动就业; 3. 下列中的哪一个属于规范经济问题() A. 通货膨胀和失业是由什么引起的 B. 政府应该雇用所有失业的工人吗 C. 消费者如何对较低的价格做出反应 D. 收入与储蓄之间的关系是什么 4. 经济学有时被称作社会科学的皇后,这是因为:() A.它强调经济增长和经济发展; B. 几乎所有的学生都必须学习经济学; C. 它的边际分析方法广泛应用于其他学科; D. 规范经济学和实证经济学的区别。 5. 经济学家的理性行为假定:() A.仅仅在其提供有效预测的限度内才是有用的。 B.导致错误的理论,因为人们并非总是理性的。 C.只有当所有人都是理性的,才是有用的。 D.不管人们是否为理性的,都是有效的。 6. 微观经济学研究(),宏观经济学研究()。 A.现实的经济问题,抽象的经济理论;B.个量经济,总量经济 C.理性行为,非理性行为;D.企业行为,政府行为 7.经济学可定义为()。 A.政府对市场制度的干预 B.企业赚取利润的活动 C.研究稀缺资源如何有效配置的问题 D.个人的生财之道 8.“资源是稀缺的”是指() A.资源是不可再生的 B.资源必须留给下一代 C.资源终将被耗费殆尽 D.相对于需求而言,资源总是不足的. 9.失业问题如果反映在生产可能性曲线图上,可记为() A.生产可能性曲线内的一点 B.生产可能性曲线上的一点

微观经济学试题及答案

一、填空题(每空 1 分,共20 分) 1.“生产什么”、“如何生产”和“为谁生产”是人类社会所必须解决的基本问题,这三个问题被称为_______问题。 2.需求曲线向左移动是需求_________,向右移动是需求____________。 3.边际效用是指某种物品的消费量每增加一单位所增加的_____________。 4.生产要素是指生产中所使用的各种资源,这些资源可以分为________、________、土地和企业家才能。 5.在完全竞争市场上,平均收益__________边际收益;而在其他市场上,一般是平均收益________边际收益。 6.分配理论是__________理论在分配问题上的应用。 7.公共物品是由集体消费的物品,它的特征是消费的__________和_________。 8.国内生产净值-间接税=_____________。 9.M2=______________+___________。 10.消费函数图中的45°线表示在这条线上任何一点都是____________。 11.货币供给是指_______________。 12.周期性失业又称为___________的失业,是由于_________而引起的短期失业。13.在开放经济中,出口的增加会使均衡的国内生产总值________,贸易收支状况_______。 二、单项选择题:从下列每小题的四个选项中,选出一项正确的,将其标号填在题后的括号内。(每小题 2 分,共20 分) 1.一种商品的需求曲线向右下方倾斜,如果其供给曲线向左移动则会引起:() A。均衡数量增加,均衡价格上升B。均衡数量增加,均衡价格下降 C。均衡数量减少,均衡价格上升D。均衡数量减少,均衡价格下降 2.已知X商品的价格为5元,Y商品的价格为2元。如果消费者从这两种商品的消费中得到最大效用时,商品Y的边际效用为30,那么,此时X商品的边际效用为:() A。60 B。45 C。150 D。75 3.内在经济是指:() A。一个企业在生产规模扩大时由自身内部所引起的产量增加 B。一个企业在生产规模扩大时由自身内部所引起的产量或收益减少 C。一个行业的扩大对其中每个企业带来的产量或收益的增加 D。整个社会经济的发展给一个企业所带来的产量或收益的增加 4.垄断竞争市场上长期均衡的条件是:() A。MR=MC B。MR=MC,AR=AC C。AR=AC D。MR=AC 5.当劳伦斯曲线和绝对平均线所夹面积为零时,基尼系数:() A。等于零B。等于一C。等于无穷大D。无法确定 6.最全面反映经济中物价水平变动的物价指数:() A。消费物价指数B。生产物价指数 C。GDP平减指数D。遗憾指数 7.假如要使经济增长率从5%提高到8%,在储蓄率为20%的条件下,根据哈罗德模型,资本—产量比率应该是:() A。4 B。2。5 C。6 D。5 8.在总需求的构成中,哪一项与物价水平无关:() A。消费需求B。投资需求C。政府需求D。国外的需求 9.在IS曲线不变的情况下,货币量增加会引起:() A。国内生产总值增加,利率下降B。国内生产总值增加,利率上升

微观经济学习题及答案

复习思考题 第1章 绪 论 1.简述微观经济学与宏观经济学的区别与联系。 2.经济模型应该准确地描述现实世界吗? 3.实证分析与规范分析的区别是什么? 4.市场与行业的区别是什么? 第2章 供给和需求的基本原理 1.在下列各种情形下,啤酒的市场价格将如何变动? (1)啤酒生产原料价格上涨; (2)消费者收入普遍提高; (3)啤酒业进行大规模的广告宣传; (4)凉夏。 2.假设一个封闭的岛国遭受了大海啸的袭击,造成大面积农田被毁坏,但所幸的是只有很少一部分居民死亡。请画图分析大海啸发生前后该国粮食市场均衡价格和数量的变化。 3.有人说,气候不好对农民不利,因为农业要歉收;但也有人说,气候不好对农民有利,因为农业歉收后谷物会涨价,农民因此而增收。试利用所学的经济学原理对这两种说法给予评价。 4.刘先生决定总是把他的收入的一个固定比例(1/a )用于购买食品。请计算他对食品的需求价格弹性和需求收入弹性。 5.已知某一时期内某商品的需求函数为P Q d 550-=,供给函数为P Q s 510+-=。 (1)求均衡价格e P 和均衡数量e Q ,并作出几何图形; (2)假定供给函数不变,由于消费者收入水平提高,使需求函数变为P Q d 560-=. 求出相应的均衡价格e P 和均衡数量e Q ,并作出几何图形。 (3)假定需求函数不变,由于生产技术水平提高,供给函数变为P Q s 55+-=.求出相应的均衡价格e P 和均衡数量e Q ,并作出几何图形。 6. 2006年3月1日,中国发改委等四部门联合发布通知,确定了2006年白小麦的最低收购价格为每50公斤72元。请画图分析这种最低收购价格措施如何影响市场结果。

中级微观经济学考试试题复习资料完整版

一.简答题 1.机会成本相关 答:是指为了得到某种东西而所要放弃另一些东西的最大价值。 在稀缺性的世界中选择一种东西意味着放弃其他东西。一项选择的机会成本,也就是所放弃的物品或劳务的价值。机会成本是指在资源有限条件下,当把一定资源用于某种产品生产时所放弃的用于其他可能得到的最大收益。 2.劣等品和低档品的逻辑推导(P78) 答:低档品或劣等品(inferior goods):指消费量随收入的上升而下降的物品。 对于正常商品,替代效应与价格呈反方向变动,收入效应也与价格成反方向变动,所以总效应与价格成反方向变动,因此正常商品的需求曲线向右下方倾斜。对于低档品来说,替代效应与价格成反方向变动,收入效应与价格同向变动,但替代效应大于收入效应的作用,总效应与价格反方向变动,需求曲线向右下方倾斜。吉芬商品,替代效应与价格反方向变动,收入效应与价格通向变动,收入效应极大地大于替代效应,使总效应与价格同向变动,其需求线向右上方倾斜。 二.计算题 1.生产理论:已知企业的生产函数要素价格需求函数企业生产量 求:市场长期均衡的产品价格和企业数量 EG A: 已知生产函数为Q=KL-0.5L2—0.32K2,其中Q表示产量,K表示资本,L表示劳动,若 K=10,求: (1)写出劳动的平均产量函数和边际产量函数。 (2)分别计算出当总产量、平均产量和边际产量达到极大值时,厂商雇佣的劳动量。

(3)证明当APL 达到最大值时,APL=MPL=2 AN A: (1)TP=Q=10L-0.5L^2-30 把K=10带进去 边际产量(MPL )函数 就是上式对L 求导。MPL=10-L 平均产量(APL )函数 就是总产量除以投入的劳动。APL=TP/L=10-0.5L-30/L (2)当TP 最大时,MPL=0。令MPL=10-L=0 ,解得L=10,所以当劳动投入量L=10时,劳动的总产量TP 达到极大值。 当APL 最大时,是APL 与MPL 相交的时候。令APL 的导数=0,解得L=2倍根号15(负值舍去),所以当劳动投入量L=2倍根号15 时,劳动的平均产量达到极大值。 当MPL 最大时,是TP 以递减的速度增加。由MPL=10-L 可知,边际产量曲线是一条斜率为负的直线。考虑到劳动投入量总是非负的,所以劳动投入量L=0时,劳动的边际产量达到极大值。 (3)当劳动的平均产量APL 达到极大值时,一定有APL=MPL 。由(2)可知,当L=2倍根号15 时,劳动的平均产量APL 达到极大值, 即相应的极大值为 APLmax=10-0.5 * 2倍根号15-30/2倍根号15 =10-2倍根号15 又因为APL 达到极大值,有APL=MPL 所以 边际产量函数MPL=10-2倍根号15 很显然,当APL 一定有极大值时,APL=MPL=10-2倍根号15 EN B: 5.某完全竞争行业中每个厂商的长期成本函数为 。假设市场需求函数是。试求市场的均衡价格,数量和厂商数目. 解:已知LTC q q q =-+3248,则LAC q q =-+248,欲求LAC 的最小值,只要令d d LAC q =0,即 q -=240,q=2。 当每个厂商的产量为q=2时,长期平均成本最低,其长期平均成本为:224284LAC =-?+=。当价格p 等于长期平均成本4时,厂商既不进入,也不退出,即整个行业处于均衡状态。故行业长期供给函数即供给曲线是水平的,行业的长期供给函数为p=4。 需求曲线为d Q p =-2000100,而行业的供给函数为p=4。 所以行业需求量d Q =-?=200010041600 。 由于每个厂商长期均衡产量为2,若有n 个厂商,则供给量QS=2n 。行业均衡时,Qd=QS ,即 1600=2n ,n=800。故整业行个均衡价格为4,均衡产量为1600,厂商有800家。 EN C . 某竞争 行业所有厂商的规模都相等,都是在产量达到500单位时达到长期平均成本的最低点4元,当用最优的企业规模生产600单位产量时,每一个企业的短期平均成本为4.5元,市场需求函数为 ,供给函数为Q =40000+2500P ,求解下列问题: (1)市场均衡价格是多少?该行业处于短期均衡还是长期均衡? (2)当处于长期均衡时,该行业有多少厂商?

(完整版)微观经济学试题与答案

微观经济学试题 出题人:郑勇 一、单选题(每题2分,共20分) 1、经济学研究的基本问题是() A、怎样生产 B、生产什么,生产多少 C、为谁生产 D、以上都是 2、下列各项哪一项会导致一国生产可能性曲线向外移动() A、失业 B、有用性资源增加或技术进步 C、通货膨胀 D、经济能力增长惟一决定于劳动力数量 3、保持所有其它因素不变,某种商品的价格下降将导致() A、失业 B、有用性资源增加或技术进步 C、通货膨胀 D、经济能力增长惟一决定于劳动力数量 4、若某行业中许多生产者生产一种标准化产品,我们可以估计到其中任何 一个生产者的需求将是:() A、毫无弹性 B、有单元弹性 C、缺乏弹性 D、富有弹性 5、如果人们收入水平提高,食物在总支出中的比重将() A、大大增加 B、稍有增加 C、下降 D、不变 6、若无差异曲线上任一点的斜率为:-1/2,这意味着消费者有更多x的时, 他更愿意放弃()单位x而获得一单位y。 A、1/2 B、2 C、1 D、1.5 7、恩格尔曲线从()导出 A、价格——消费曲线 B、收入——消费曲线 C、需求曲线 D、无差异曲线 8、使用自有资金也应计算利息收入,这种利息从成本角度看是() A、固定成本 B、隐含成本 C、会计成本 D、生产成本 9、长期成本曲线呈“U”型的原因与()有关 A、规模报酬 B、外部经济与不经济 C、要素的边际生产 D、固定成本与可变成本所占比重 10、在拐折需求曲线模型中,拐点左右两边的需求弹性是() A、左边大,右边小 B、左边小,右边大 C、左右一样大 D、、以上均不对 二、判断是非题(每题1分,共10分) (注:对的打“√”,错的打“×”) 1、实证经济学回答的问题是:应该是什么() 2、对于一个正常品来说,它的替代品价格上涨时,它的需求曲线回向右上 方移动()

微观经济学试题库(带答案)

《微观经济学》习题集 第一章导论 一、判断 1.以萨缪尔森为首的新古典综合派把经济学分为微观经济学和宏观经济学。∨ 二、选择题 3.21世纪30年代,西方经济学经历的第二次修改和补充ACD A.出现于1936 年B.涉及垄断问题 C.代表人物是凯恩斯D.为国家干预经济生活奠定了理论基础 三、简答题 1.什么是西方经济学? 2.试述西方经济学企图解决的两个问题及两重属性。 第二章需求和供给曲线概述以及有关的基本概念 一、解释概念 均衡价格需求需求价格弹性比较静态分析需求收入弹性供给 二、判断 1.价格分析是微观经济学分析的核心。∨ 2.微观经济学的研究对象是包括单个消费者、单个生产者、单个市场在内的个体经济单位。∨ 3.若某商品的需求价格弹Ed =0.6,卖者提高价格肯定增加销售收入。∨ 4.需求缺乏弹性的商品的价格与销售收入呈同方向变动关系。∨ 5.需求的变动是指商品本身价格变动所引起的该商品的需求数量的变动。×

6.当消费者的收入发生变化时,会引起需求曲线的移动。∨ 7.Ed>1的商品,降低价格会增加厂商的销售收入。∨ 8.若某商品的Ed<1,表明当该商品价格下降20% 时,该商品需求量减少小于20%。×9.卖者提高价格肯定会增加销售收入。× 10.在几何图形上,供给量的变动表现为商品的价格-供给量组合点沿着同一条既定的供给曲线运动。∨ 11.在几何图形上,需求的变动表现为商品的价格-需求量组合点沿着同一条既定的需求曲线运动。× 12.当两种商品中一种商品的价格发生变动时,这两种商品的需求量都同时增加或减少,则这两种商品的需求交叉价格弹性系数为正。× 13.某商品的可替代品越多,相近程度越高,则该商品需求弹性往往就越大。∨ 14.商品用途越广,需求价格弹性就可能越大。∨ 15.任何情况下商品的需求量与价格都是反方向变化的。× 16.当对农产品的需求缺乏弹性时,粮食丰收,粮价下跌,农民收入反而会减少。∨ 17.如果两种商品具有替代关系,则相应的需求交叉价格弹性系数为负。× 三、选择题 1.微观经济学的基本假设前提是C A.完全信息的假设B.完全竞争的假设 C.合乎理性的人的假设D.边际效用递减的假设 2.微观经济学所要论证的根本思想或目的是C A.一般均衡论B.“看不见的手”的原理 C.整个资本主义经济可以实现有效率的资源配置

微观经济学题库

债券的有效收益率(effective yield) 递增规模报酬(increasing returns to scale) 支持价格(support price) 寻租(rent seeking) 公共产品(public goods) 产权(Property Rights)与所有权(Ownership); 劣等品(Inferior Goods)与吉芬品(Giffen Goods); 均衡(Equilibrium)与非均衡(Non-equilibrium); 公共产品(Public Goods)与私人产品(Private Goods) 私人成本(Private Cost)与社会成本(Social Cost); 边际替代率(Marginal Rate of Substitution)与边际技术替代率(Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution); 产业集中指数(Industrial Concentration Index) 勒纳指数(Lerner’s Index)与贝恩指数(Bain’s Index); 价格歧视(Price Discrimination)与二重价(Two-part Tariff); 占优均衡(Dominant Equilibrium)与纳什均衡(Nash Equilibrium). 规模经济(Economies of scale)与范围经济(Economies of scope) 交易成本(Transactions costs)与沉没成本(Sunk cost) 纵向兼并(Vertical merger)与横向兼并(Horizontal merger) 不完善信息(Imperfect information)与不对称信息(Asymmetric information) 基尼系数(Gini coefficient)和价格指数(Price index) 微观经济学于宏观经济学 需求 供给 均衡价格 消费者剩余 生产者剩余 需求弹性 供给弹性 效用 基数效用论 边际效用递减规律 序数效用论 无差异曲线 预算约束线 消费者均衡 收入效应与替代效应 柯布-道格拉斯函数 生产函数 边际收益递减规律 规模报酬 内在经济与外在经济 生产要素投入的经济区域 生产要素最优组合 利润最大化原则 机会成本与经济成本 短期成本与长期成本 成本函数 厂商均衡 完全竞争 完全竞争厂商(行业)的供给曲线 完全竞争厂商的关闭点(停止生产点) 完全垄断 产品差别 垄断竞争 寡头垄断 折拐的需求曲线 差别/歧视价格

微观经济学期末考试试题含有答案

《微观经济学》试题班级姓名学号成绩 一、选择题(共30 ) 1、若其他条件不变,某商品价格上升10%,能使买者总支出增加4%,则这种情况下商品 的需求价格弹性:(B) A. 大于1; B. 等于; C. 小于1; D. 等于 2、无差异曲线上任一点上两种商品的边际替代率等于两种商品的:( C) A.价格之比; B.数量之比; C.边际效用之比; D.边际成本之比。 3、已知消费者收入是100元,商品X的价格是10元,Y的价格是3元。假定他打算购买 7单位X和10单Y,这时商品X和Y的边际效用分别是50和18。如要获得最大效用,他应该: A.增加X购买,同时减少Y的购买; B. 同时增加X和Y的购买; C.减少X购买,同时增加Y的购买; D. 同时减少X和Y的购买 4、边际成本低于平均成本时:(B) A.平均成本上升; B.平均可变成本可能上升也可能下降; C.总成本下降; D.平均可变成本上升。 5、完全竞争条件下,在达到行业长期均衡时,每个厂商:(D) A. 只能获得正常利润; B. 能够获得超额利润; C. 可能会亏损; D. 以上三种情况都可能存在。 6、在完全竞争的产品市场中,厂商短期供给曲线是指: A.AVC?MC中的那部分AVC曲线; B.AC?MC中的那部分AC曲线; C.MC?AVC中的那部分MC曲线; D.MC?AC中的那部分MC曲线。

7、在垄断竞争市场中: A.只有数目很少的几个厂商生产有差异的产品; B.有许多厂商生产同质产品; C. 只有数目很少的厂商生产同质的产品; D. 有许多厂商生产有差异的产品。 8、其他条件不变,如果工资率提高,替代效应将使单个居民: A.同时减少劳动和休闲; B.增加劳动,减少休闲; C.增加休闲,减少劳动; D.同时增加劳动和休闲。 9、右图是一个厂商的长期平均成本,假设要素同比例变化, BC段表示规模报酬: 10 A 11、要获得同样的产出量,如果厂商增加第5单位资本使用量的同时需要减少5单位劳动 使用量,则增加第6单位资本可替代的劳动数量: A. 等于1; B. 小于5; C. 小于1; D. 大于5。 12、某企业使用劳动一种可变要素,如果该企业生产的产品价格上升(完全竞争的产品市 场),将引起: A.该企业每一单位劳动的边际产品价值增加 B.企业所用的劳动投入量减少 C.该企业每一单位劳动的边际产量减少 D.企业产量减少 13、下列哪种情况企业正好有正常利润? A. 总收益大于总成本; B. 总收益等于总成本; C. 总收益小于总成本; D. 边际收益等于边际成本。 14、微观经济学中短期与长期的划分取决于: A.时间长短; B. 企业可否调整生产规模; C.企业可否调整产品价格; D.企业可否调整产量。 15、属于垄断企业实行三级价格差别的情况是: A.将产品定三种不同的价格; B. 按产品使用量多少收取不同价格; C.在分割的市场上分别实行不同的价格; D.同样的产品收取不同的价格。 二、名词解释(共15分)

微观经济学试题及答案65805

一、单项选择题: ( 分,请在四个备选答案中选择一个最适合的答案,填在括号内。每小题 分,共 小题。) 、经济学研究的基本问题是( )。 、怎样生产 、生产什么,生产多少 、为谁生产 、以上都包括 、下列命题中哪一个不是实证经济学命题( )。 、 年失业率超过 、联邦所得税对中等入家庭是不公平的 、 年 月联储把贴现率降到 、社会保险税的课税依据现已超过 美元 、所有下列因素中,除哪一项以外都会使需求曲线移动( )。 、购买者收入变化 、商品自身价格下降 、其他相关商品价格下降 、消费者偏好变化 、预算线反映了( )。 、消费者的偏好 、消费者的收入约束 、货币的购买力 、消费者人数 、在生产者均衡点上,( )。 、 、 、等总产量曲线与等成本曲线相切 、上述都不正确

、某先生辞去月薪 , 元的工作,取出自有存款 , 元(月息 %),办一独资企业,如果不考虑商业风险,则该先生自办企业按月计算的机会成本是( )。 、 , 元 、 , 、 , 元 、 , 元 、如果某产品的生产函数为 (其中, 为产量, 、 为资本、劳动力的投入数量),则该产品的规模收益类型为( )。 、规模收益递增 、规模收益递减 、规模收益不变 、不能确定 、某企业产品总收入 与产量 的函数 ,那么总收入最大时的产量 为( )。 、 、 、 、 、在任何市场中,厂商的平均收益曲线可以由()。 、他的产品的供给曲线表示 、他的产品需求曲线表示 、行业的产品供给曲线表示 、行业的产品需求曲线表示 、要能有效地实行差别定价,下列哪一条以外都是具备的条件( )。 、分割市场的能力 、保持市场分割以防止商品在较有弹性的需求时被雇客再售卖 、一个巨大的无弹性的总需求 、每个分市场上不同的需求价格弹性 、垄断竞争厂商的长期均衡与短期均衡的区别是长期均衡的( )。

微观经济学试题库(含答案)

第一章引论 一、单选题(70题) 1、下列哪一种资源就是最不具有稀缺性的?( ) A.医生; B.苹果; C.铁矿石; D.空气; 2、下列中的哪一个问题就是最有可能被微观经济学家所研究的?( ) A、一般物价的膨胀; B、整个经济中的失业; C、总产出的增长率; D、汽车行业中的劳动就业; 3、下列中的哪一个属于规范经济问题? ( ) A、通货膨胀与失业就是由什么引起的? B、政府应该雇用所有失业的工人不? C、消费者如何对较低的价格做出反应? D、收入与储蓄之间的关系就是什么? 4、经济学有时被称作社会科学的皇后,这就是因为:( ) A、它强调经济增长与经济发展; B、几乎所有的学生都必须学习经济学; C、它的边际分析方法广泛应用于其她学科; D、规范经济学与实证经济学的区别。 5、经济学家的理性行为假定:( ) A、仅仅在其提供有效预测的限度内才就是有用的。 B、导致错误的理论,因为人们并非总就是理性的。 C、只有当所有人都就是理性的,才就是有用的。 D、不管人们就是否为理性的,都就是有效的。 6、微观经济学研究( ) ,宏观经济学研究( )。

A.现实的经济问题,抽象的经济理论; B.个量经济,总量经济 C.理性行为,非理性行为; D.企业行为,政府行为 7.经济学可定义为( )。 A.政府对市场制度的干预B、企业赚取利润的活动 C、研究稀缺资源如何有效配置的问题 D、个人的生财之道 8.“资源就是稀缺的”就是指( ) A.资源就是不可再生的B、资源必须留给下一代 C、资源终将被耗费殆尽 D、相对于需求而言,资源总就是不足的、 9.失业问题如果反映在生产可能性曲线图上,可记为( ) A.生产可能性曲线内的一点B、生产可能性曲线上的一点 C、生产可能性曲线以外的一点 D、不在该平面直角坐标系上、 10.下列哪一项会导致一国生产可能性曲线的外移?( ) A.股市持续走强B、通货膨胀 C、有用资源被发掘或技术进步 D、消费品生产增加,资本品生产下降、 11.一个经济体系必须作出的基本选择就是( )。 A.生产什么,生产多少B、如何生产C、为谁生产D、以上都包括 12.计划经济体制解决资源配置问题的方式有( )。 A.分散决策B、竞争生产C、纵向传递信息D、要素市场定价 13.在市场经济体制中,价格不发挥哪个功能( )? A.激励功能B、集中资源办大事C、收入再分配功能D、信息传递功能 14、下列哪个陈述不属于实证主义陈述( )? A、1990年的海湾危机引起石油价格上升,并导致了汽油消费的下降。

微观经济学试题及答案65785

微观经济学试题及答案 65785

微观经济学(第六版)期末考试复习题 题型与分值 第一大题:选择题(20小题,共20分) 第二大题:绘图题(4小题,共8分) 第三大题:理解题(2小题,共8分) 第四大题:现象解释题(10小题,共50分) 第五大题:计算题(2小题,共14分) 二、复习范围 第二章:2-8节;第三章:1-7节;第四章:2-7节; 第五章:1-4节;第六章:1-8节;第七章:1-4节; 第八章:1-6节、第8节;第九章:第2节; 第十一章:1-4节 一、经济学基础知识(一):理性选择(每小题 1分,共 20 分) 1. 当X商品的价格下降时,其收入效应为-5单位,替代效应为+10单位,则X 商品是 b 。(见p82-84) A. 正常物品; B. 一般低档物品; C. 吉芬物品; D. 独立物品

若收入效应为+5单位,替代效应为+10单位,则选A 若收入效应为-10单位,替代效应为+5单位,则选C 2.某种商品的供给曲线是一条过原点的直线,则其供给的价格点弹 性 c 。(见p41图2.18c) A. 各点均不相同; B. 恒为供给曲线斜率值; C.恒等于1; D. 无法确定 3. 根据各种短期成本曲线之间的关系,当产量从0开始增加时,厂商总 是 d 。(见p134图5.4b) A. 先达到平均成本曲线最低点; B. 先达到平均固定成本曲线最低点; C. 先达到平均可变成本曲线最低点; D. 先达到边际成本曲线最低点 4. 假定商品x和商品y的需求交叉价格弹性是5,则 b 。)(见p43) A. x和y是互补品; B. x 和y是替代品; C. x 和 y 是不相关产品; D. 以上各情况均有可能 变形;若x和y两产品的交叉弹性是-2.3,则(d ) A、两者是替代品 B、两者是正常品 C、两者是劣质品 D、两者是互补品

微观经济学试题及答案

微观经济学试题及答案

微观经济学题库 第一章导论 一、选择题 1、下列哪一种资源是最不具稀缺的?() A、医生; B、苹果; C、铁矿石; D、经济学课程; E、空气。 2、下列中的哪一个属于规范经济问题?() A、通货膨胀和失业是由什么引起的? B、政府应该雇用所有失业的工人吗? C、消费者如何对较低的价格做出反映? D、收入和储蓄之间的关系是什么? 3、经济学可定义为( )。 A、政府对市场经济的调节 B、企业获取报酬的活动 C、研究如何最合理地分配稀缺资源及不同的用途 D、人们靠工资生活 4、经济学主要是研究( )。 A、与稀缺性和选择有关的问题 B、如何在证券市场上盈利 C、何时无法作出选择 D、用数学方法建立模型 5、“资源是稀缺的”是指( )。 A、世界上大多数人生活在贫困中 B、相对于资源的需求而言,资源总是不足的 C、资源必须保留给下一代 D、世界上的资源最终要被消

耗光 6、经济物品是指( ) A、有用的物品 B、稀缺的物品 C、市场上贩卖的物品 D、有用且稀缺的物品 7、一国生产可能性曲线以内的一点表示( ) A、供给大于需求 B、失业或者资源未被充分利用 C、该国可利用的资源减少以及技术水平降低 D、资源得到最适度分配使用 8、生产可能性曲线说明的基本原理是( )。 A、一国资源总能被充分利用 B、假定所有经济资源能得到充分有效利用,则只有减少一 种物品的生产才能导致另—种物品生产的增加 C、改进技术会引起生产可能性曲线向内移动 D、经济能力增长惟一取决于劳动力的数量 9、下列各项中哪一项会导致一国生产可能性曲线向外移动()。 A、失业 B、通货紧缩 C、资源增加或者技术进步 D、消费品生产减少,资本品生产下降 10、经济学研究的基本问题是( )。 A、怎样生产 B、生产什么,生产多少 C、为谁生产 D、以上都包括 11、下列命题中哪一个不是实证经济学命题( )。 A、 1982年8月美联储把贴现率降到10%

微观经济学考试试题题库共22页

注意:请以《微观经济学指导书》为主,以此为辅。 《微观经济学》试题库 一、单选题 1、需求曲线是一条向()倾斜的曲线。 A.右下方 B.右上方 C.左下方 D.左上方 2、一种行为的机会成本是指() A.为这种行为所花费的钱 B. 为这种行为所花费的时间的价值 C. 当你不必为这种行为付钱时就等于零 D. 投入这种行为的全部资源的其它可能的用途 3、收益是指()。 A.成本加利润 B.成本 C.利润 D.利润减成本 4、垄断势力来源于() A. 规模经济性; B. 专利权; C. 对资源的控制; D. 以上都是。 5、同一条无差异曲线的不同点表示() A. 对不同消费者具有相同效用水平; B. 对同一消费者具有相同效用水平; C. 具有相同支出水平; D. 具有相同收入水平。 6、如果等成本曲线与等产量曲线没有切点和交点,要生产等产量曲线所代表的产量,应该()

A. 增加投入; B. 减少投入; C. 保持投入不变; D. 以上说法都不正确。 7、下列哪一种情况会导致需求量的变动?() A. 消费者的偏好发生变化; B. 该物品价格发生变化; C. 其他物品价格发生变化; D. 消费者收入发生变化; 8、生产要素(投入)和产量水平的关系叫 ( )。 A. 生产函数 B. 生产可能性曲线 C.平均成本曲线 D. 总成本曲线 9、竞争性厂商的供给曲线是它的()。 A. 平均成本曲线 B. 平均不变成本曲线 C. 平均可变成本曲线 D. 停止生产点以上的边际成本曲线 10、已知消费可能性线的方程为2X+5Y=10,则该消费可能性曲线是()。 A B C D 11、已知物品X和Y的需求交叉弹性为-1.2,则()。 A. X和Y是正常品; B. X和Y是替代品; C. X和Y是互补品; D. X和Y是劣质品; 12、某在职人员准备脱产攻读硕士学位,需花费三年时间,每年需交学费8千元,则此人攻读硕士学位的机会成本为()。 A. 2.4万元;

微观经济学题库完整版

第一章导论 一、选择题 1、下列哪一种资源是最不具稀缺的?() A、医生; B、苹果; C、铁矿石; D、经济学课程; E、空气。 2、下列中的哪一个属于规范经济问题?() A、通货膨胀和失业是由什么引起的? B、政府应该雇用所有失业的工人吗? C、消费者如何对较低的价格做出反映? D、收入和储蓄之间的关系是什么? 3、经济学可定义为( )。 A、政府对市场经济的调节 B、企业获取报酬的活动 C、研究如何最合理地分配稀缺资源及不同的用途 D、人们靠工资生活 4、经济学主要是研究( )。 A、与稀缺性和选择有关的问题 B、如何在证券市场上盈利 C、何时无法作出选择 D、用数学方法建立模型 5、“资源是稀缺的”是指( )。 A、世界上大多数人生活在贫困中 B、相对于资源的需求而言,资源总是不足的 C、资源必须保留给下一代 D、世界上的资源最终要被消耗光 6、经济物品是指( ) A、有用的物品 B、稀缺的物品 C、市场上贩卖的物品 D、有用且稀缺的物品 7、一国生产可能性曲线以内的一点表示( )

A、供给大于需求 B、失业或者资源未被充分利用 C、该国可利用的资源减少以及技术水平降低 D、资源得到最适度分配使用 8、生产可能性曲线说明的基本原理是( )。 A、一国资源总能被充分利用 B、假定所有经济资源能得到充分有效的利用,则只有减少一种物品的生产才能 导致另—种物品生产的增加 C、改进技术会引起生产可能性曲线向内移动 D、经济能力增长惟一取决于劳动力的数量 9、下列各项中哪一项会导致一国生产可能性曲线向外移动()。 A、失业 B、通货紧缩 C、资源增加或者技术进步 D、消费品生产减少,资本品生产下降 10、经济学研究的基本问题是( )。 A、怎样生产 B、生产什么,生产多少 C、为谁生产 D、以上都包括 11、下列命题中哪一个不是实证经济学命题( )。 A、 1982年8月美联储把贴现率降到10% B、1981年失业率超过9% C、联邦所得税对中等收入家庭是不公平的 D、社会保险税的课税依据现己超过30000美元 12、微观经济学所要论证的根本思想或目的是 A、一般均衡论 B、“看不见的手”的原理 C、整个资本主义经济可以实现有效率的资源配置 D、完全竞争市场下可以实现帕累托最优 二、简答题 1、什么是西方经济学? 2、试述西方经济学企图解决的两个问题及两重属性。

微观经济学试题附答案

微观经济学试题 一、填空题:在题目中的空格上填入正确答案 1、微观经济学研究对象是;解决的问题是;中心理论是;研究方法是。 2、两种互补商品之间价格与需求量成方向变动,两种替代商品之间价格与需求量成方向变动。 3、均衡价格是指一种商品的与相等时的价格,它在图形上是 和相交时的价格。 4、当边际效用为正数时,总效用是;当边际效用为零时,总效用;当边际效用为负数时,总效用是。 5、等产量线是一条向倾斜,其斜率为。在同一平面图上有 条等产量线,它们互相不能相交,离原点越远的等产量线所代表的产量水平。 6、边际成本曲线与平均成本曲线相交于平均成本曲线的。在边际成本曲线与平均成本曲线相交之前,边际成本平均成本;而在相交后,边际成本平均成本;只有在相交时,边际成本平均成本,这时,平均成本处于。 7、在完全竞争市场上,平均收益边际收益;而在其他市场上,一般是平均收益边际收益。 8、经济生产的选择包括、、 这样三个问题,这三个问题被称为问题。 9、生产可能线又称,它是一条表明在条件下,社会可能达到的两种产品最大产量组合的曲线。 10、当今世界上解决资源配置和资源利用的经济经济体制基本有两种,一种是,一种是。 11、宏观经济学研究的对象是,解决的问题是,中心理论是,研究方法是。 12、微观经济学基本假设条件有、、。 13、需求弹性分为、、。 14、根据需求弹性的弹性系数的大小,可以把需求的价格弹性分为:、、、、、五类。 15、在需求价格弹性大于1的条件下,卖者适当降低价格能总收益。 16、在需求价格弹性小于1的条件下,卖者适当价格能增加总收益。 17、基数效用论采用的是分析法,序数效用论采用 分析法。

微观经济学试题及答案

学期期末考试微观经济学试卷A 一、单项选择题: (15分,请在四个备选答案中选择一个最适合得答案,填在括号内。每小题1分,共15小题。)?1、经济学研究得基本问题就是( )。 A、怎样生产 B、生产什么,生产多少 C、为谁生产 D、以上都包括?2、下列命题中哪一个不就是实证经济学命题( )。 A、1981年失业率超过9% B、联邦所得税对中等入家庭就是不公平得?C、1982年8月联储把贴现率降到10%D、社会保险税得课税依据现已超过30000美元?3、所有下列因素中,除哪一项以外都会使需求曲线移动( )。 A、购买者收入变化 B、商品自身价格下降? C、其她相关商品价格下降 D、消费者偏好变化?4、预算线反映了( )。 A、消费者得偏好B、消费者得收入约束 C、货币得购买力D、消费者人数 5、在生产者均衡点上,( )。 A、MRTSLK>PL/PK B、MPL / PL < MPK/ PK C、等总产量曲线与等成本曲线相切D、上述都不正确?6、某先生辞去月薪2,000元得工作,取出自有存款100,000元(月息1%),办一独资企业,如果不考虑商业风险,则该先生自办企业按月计算得机会成本就是( )。 A、3,000元 B、100,000 C、2,000元D、1,000元?7、如果某产品得生产函数为Q=3K1L2 (其中,Q为产量,K、L为资本、劳动力得投入数量),则该产品得规模收益类型为( )。?A、规模收益递增B、规模收益递减 C、规模收益不变 D、不能确定?8、某企业产品总收入TR与产量Q得函数TR = -4Q2 + 80Q - 108,那么总收入最大时得产量Q 为( )。?A、40 B、30C、20 D、10?9、在任何市场中,厂商得平均收益曲线可以由( )。?A、她得产品得供给曲线表示 B、她得产品需求曲线表示?C、行业得产品供给曲线表示 D、 10、要能有效地实行差别定价,下列哪一条以外都就是具备得条件行业得产品需求曲线表示? ( )。?A、分割市场得能力 B、保持市场分割以防止商品在较有弹性得需求时被雇客再售卖C、一个巨大得无弹性得总需求 D、每个分市场上不同得需求价格弹性?11、垄断竞争厂商得长期均衡与短期均衡得区别就是长期均衡得( )。?A、P=ACminB、厂商得主观需求曲线与长期平均成本曲线相切 C、P=AC D、主观需求曲线与客观需求曲线相交?12、寡头垄断厂商得产品就是( )。 13、 A、同质得 B、有差异得 C、既可以就是同质得,也可以就是有差异得 D、以上都不对?完全竞争与不完全竞争两种产品市场相比较,生产要素得需求曲线( )。 14、厂商得要 A、前者与后者重合 B、前者比后者陡峭 C、前者比后者平坦D、无法确定? 素需求曲线向右下方倾斜得原因在于( )。 A、边际成本递减 B、边际生产力递减C、边际效用递减 D、规模报酬递减 15、外部效应可以产生于( )。 A、人得消费行为而非生产行为B、人得生产行为而非消费行为?C、人得生产行为与消费行为 D、以上都不就是。 二、判断题:(20分,要求判断下列说法得正误,正确得在括号内划√,错误得在括号内划×。每小题2分,共10小题。) 1、( )如果需求量增加,需求一定增加。?2、( )假定其她条件不变,某种商品价格得变化将导致它得供给量变化,但不会引起供给得变化。?3、( )假定两商品得交叉弹性为-1、8,那么这两种商品就是互补品。 4、( )任意两条无差异曲线不能相交,否则交点得效用无法判断。 5、( )就经济学意义而言,任意两种商品得边际替代率等于该两种商品得边际效用之比。

微观经济学考试题库(含答案完整版)

第一章引论 一、单选题(70题) 1. 下列哪一种资源是最不具有稀缺性的? () A.医生;B.苹果;C.铁矿石;D.空气; 2. 下列中的哪一个问题是最有可能被微观经济学家所研究的? () A. 一般物价的膨胀; B. 整个经济中的失业; C. 总产出的增长率; D. 汽车行业中的劳动就业; 3. 下列中的哪一个属于规范经济问题? () A. 通货膨胀和失业是由什么引起的? B. 政府应该雇用所有失业的工人吗? C. 消费者如何对较低的价格做出反应? D. 收入与储蓄之间的关系是什么? 4. 经济学有时被称作社会科学的皇后,这是因为:() A.它强调经济增长和经济发展; B. 几乎所有的学生都必须学习经济学; C. 它的边际分析方法广泛应用于其他学科; D. 规范经济学和实证经济学的区别。 5. 经济学家的理性行为假定:() A.仅仅在其提供有效预测的限度内才是有用的。 B.导致错误的理论,因为人们并非总是理性的。 C.只有当所有人都是理性的,才是有用的。 D.不管人们是否为理性的,都是有效的。 6. 微观经济学研究(),宏观经济学研究()。 A.现实的经济问题,抽象的经济理论;B.个量经济,总量经济 C.理性行为,非理性行为;D.企业行为,政府行为 7.经济学可定义为()。 A.政府对市场制度的干预 B.企业赚取利润的活动 C.研究稀缺资源如何有效配置的问题 D.个人的生财之道 8.“资源是稀缺的”是指() A.资源是不可再生的 B.资源必须留给下一代 C.资源终将被耗费殆尽 D.相对于需求而言,资源总是不足的. 9.失业问题如果反映在生产可能性曲线图上,可记为()

微观经济学期末试题与答案

2010--2011学年第二学期期末考试卷 《微观经济学》(B) 1. 需求就是欲望。() 2. 假定其它条件不变,某商品价格下降将引起需求量的增加和供给量的减少。()3.效用因人因时因地的不同而不同。() 4.市场需求是所有个人需求的总和。() 5.需求的变动是指商品本身价格变动所引起的该商品的需求数量的变动。() 6.当消费者的收入发生变化时,会引起需求曲线的移动。() 7.卖者提高价格肯定会增加销售收入。() 8.在几何图形上,供给量的变动表现为商品的价格-供给量组合点沿着同一条既定的供给曲线运动。() 9.某商品的可替代品越多,相近程度越高,则该商品需求弹性往往就越大。()10.任何情况下商品的需求量与价格都是反方向变化的。() 11.当对农产品的需求缺乏弹性时,粮食丰收,粮价下跌,农民收入反而会减少。()12.如果两种商品具有替代关系,则相应的需求交叉价格弹性系数为负。() 13.在同一条无差异曲线上,不同的消费者得到的效用水平是无差异的。() 14.吉芬物品是一种需求量与价格同方向变化的特殊商品。() 15.当消费某种物品的边际效用为负时,则总效用达极大值。() 16.当边际效用减少时,总效用也是减少的。() 17.基数效用论的分析方法包括边际效用分析和无差异曲线分析方法。() 18.在同一条无差异曲线上,任意两点对应的两种商品不同数量组合所能带来的边际效用相等。() 19.生产理论中的短期是指未能调整全部生产要素的时期。() 20.能提供相同效用的不同商品数量组合的点的连线即为等产量曲线。() 三、选择(每题1分,共20分) 1.微观经济学的对消费者基本假设是() A.完全信息的假设 B.完全竞争的假设 C.合乎理性的人的假设 D.边际效用递减的假设 2.西方经济学研究并解决的问题是() A.货币的分配 B.涉及垄断问题 C.产量的确定 D.稀缺资源的合理配置 3.下列几组商品属于替代品的有() A.面粉和肉 B.汽油和汽车 C.羊肉和牛肉 D.光录音机和磁带 4.粮食市场的需求是缺乏弹性的,当粮食产量因灾害而减少时() A.粮食生产者的收入减少,因粮食产量下降 B.粮食生产者的收入增加,因粮食价格会更大幅度上升 C.粮食生产者的收入减少,因粮食需求量会大幅度减少 D.粮食生产者的收入不变,因粮食价格上升与需求量减少的比率相同 5.需求量的变动是指() A.由于价格变动引起的需求的变动 B.非价格因素引起的需求量的变动 C.同一条需求曲线上点的移动 D.需求曲线的移动

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档