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模拟题三

模拟题三
模拟题三

2014职称英语理工C模拟试题(三)

第一部分:词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)

下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1. Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years.

A displayed

B shown

C changed

D demonstrated

2. I have been trying to quit smoking.

A give up

B pick up

C build up

D take up

3.This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language.

A particular

B characteristic

C remarkable

D idiomatic

4. The two girls look alike.

A beautiful

B similar

C pretty

D attractive

5.Jack was dismissed.

A fired

B fined

C exhausted

D criticized

6. She is a highly successful teacher.

A fairly

B rather

C very

D moderately

7. You will be meeting her presently.

A shortly

B currently

C lately

D probably

8.Since ancient times people have found various ways to preserve meat.

A eat

B cook

C freeze

D keep

9. The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning .

A bottom of the mountain

B foot of the mountain

C top of the mountain

D starting point

10. There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance.

A beats

B destroys

C maintains

D defends

11. It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull.

A frightens

B scares

C arouses

D confuses

12. The president proposed that we should bring the meeting to a close.

A stated

B said

C suggested

D announced

13. I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car.

A normally

B seldom

C frequently

D usually

14. Although I sympathize, I can't really do very much to help.

A Because

B Since

C Though

D For

15. It took us a long time to mend the house.

A build

B destroy

C design

D repair

第二部分:阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)

阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及,请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

The Smog

For over a month,Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.

When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became poisonous (有毒的). Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed(喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.

The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot (烟灰)covered everything. In some areas,water was hosed(用胶管浇)from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog .

Finally,heavy rains,which came in November, put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many people from South—Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车排放的废气)and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many nonsufferers may have

difficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.

But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact, the world was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents. About 4000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.

16 Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

17The smog spread to neighbouring countries.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

18The air-pollution index went up to 300 within a few days.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

19Water was used to try to break up the smog.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

20Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

21The forest animals haven’t been affected by the smog.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

22The word “smog” first appeared in 1952.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

第三部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分) 阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Global Warming

1 Smoke is clouding our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perhaps three-quarters of the greenhouse (温室)effect. That might sound like good news, but experts say that as the cover diminishes in coming decades, we are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses.

2 This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem, Berlin, where top atmospheric scientists got together, including Nobel prize winner Paul Crutzen and Swedish scientist Bert Bolin, former chairman of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

3 IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols (浮质)of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest, crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide (二氧化物)emissions. Until now, they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter, cutting increases by 0.2℃. So the 0.6℃of warming over the past century would have been 0.8℃without aerosols.

4 But the Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure is even higher-aerosols may have reduced global warming by as much as three-quarters, cutting increases by 1.8℃. If so, the good news is that aerosols have prevented the world getting almost two degrees warmer than it is now. But the bad news is that the climate system is much more sensitive to greenhouse gases than previously guessed.

5 As those gases are expected to continue accumulating in the atmosphere while aerosols stabilize or fall, that means "dramatic consequences for estimates of future climate change", the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop.

23 Paragraph 2__ E The Authoritative Conclusion

24 Paragraph 3___ C The Previous Calculations of the Effect of Aerosols

25 Paragraph 4 __ B The Calculations Made at the Berlin Workshop

26 Paragraph 5___ D The Scientists' Agreement

27 When the cover diminishes in the coming decades, temperature__ C will rise rapidly

28 The conclusion reached at the Berlin workshop__ B was somewhat surprising

29The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure_E was much higher than had been expected

30 The increase of greenhouse gases_ A will influence future climate change

第四部分:阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)

下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题,从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 第一篇Explorer of the Extreme Deep

Oceans cover more than two-thirds of our planet. Yet, just a small fraction of the underwater world has been explored. Now, Scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)

in Massachusetts are building an underwater vehicle that will carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters (21,320 feet). The new machine,known as a manned submersible or human-operated vehicle (HOV), will replace another one named Alvin which bas an amazing record of discovery, playing a key role in various important and famous undersea expeditions. Alvin has been operating for 40 years but can go down only 4,500 meters (14,784 feet). It’s about time for an upgrade. WHOI researchers say.

Alvin was launched in 1964. Since then, Alvin has worked between 200 and 250 days a year, says Daniel Fornari, a marine geologist and director of the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI. During its lifetime, Alvin has carried some 12,000 people on a total of more than 3,000 dives. A newer, better versions of Alvin is bound to reveal even more surprises about a world that is still full of mysteries, Fornari says. It might also make the job of exploration a little easier. “We take so much for granted on land,” Fornari says. “ We can walk around and see with our eyes how big things are. We can see colors,special arrangements.”

Size-wise, the new HOV will be similar to Alvin.It’ll be ab out 37 feet long. The setting area inside will be a small sphere, about 8 feet wide, like Alvin, it’ll carry a pilot and two passengers. It will be just as maneuverable. In most other ways, it will give passengers more opportunities to enjoy the view, for one thing. Alvin has only three windows,the new vehicle will have five, with more overlap so that the passengers and the pilot can see the same thing.

Alvin can go up and down at a rate of 30 meters every second, and its maximum speed is 2 knots (about 2.3 miles per hour), while the new vehicle will be able to ascend and descend at 44 meters per second. It’ll reach speeds of 3 knots, or 3.5 miles per hour.

31 What is Alvin?

A A research institute.

B A transporting vehicle.

C A submersible.

D A scientist.

32Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin?

A It can carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters.

B It has played a key role in various important undersea expeditions

C It was launched in the sixties of the twentieth century.

D It has been used for more than 40 years.

33 “...a world that is still full of mysteries” refers to

A the earth.

B out space.

C the ocean.

D Mars.

34 In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar?

A Size.

B Speed.

C Capacity.

D Shape.

35In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different?

A Offering better views.

B Speed.

C Size.

D Both A and B.

第二篇Motoring Technology

1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels -though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster.

Travelling at speed has always been risky. One cutting edge area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you don’t miss crucial road signs or fall asleep. The use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesn’t distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.

Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology “sees through”high-sided vehicles blocking your view.

And improvements to seat belts, pedal controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size

and shape.

And alternatives to fossil-fuel based petrol, such as plant oils, are a hot area of research. Fuel cells based on hydrogen burn cleanly, and are the subject of a serious research effort.

But whatever is in the fuel tank, you don’t want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations, some using satellite tracking and remote communications, to fight against car theft. These communication systems can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help.

Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analysed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyone’s personal chauffeur, but their latest efforts suggest that won’t be soon.

36 What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate?

A They are developing faster electric vehicles.

B They are analyzing road deaths occurring worldwide every year.

C They focus their research on safety and new fuels.

D They are designing fully automatic cars.

37 According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happen

A because drivers fall asleep.

B because drivers make mistakes.

C because of engine failure.

D because of speeding.

38 Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fog.

B Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles.

C Improvements in seat belts, pedal controls and tyres.

D Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.

39 What is NOT the purpose of innovations that use satellite tracking and remote communications?

A To prevent car thieves from getting into your car.

B To call for help when one’s car crashes.

C To call for help when the car gets jammed in the traffic.

D To track the car down when it is being stolen.

40What is true of robotic drivers?

A It will take some time before robotic drivers can be put to practical use.

B Robotic drivers are not allowed to drive on busy roads.

C Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers.

D Robotic drives are too expensive to use.

第三篇Shark Attack!

Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard, scanning the distance for his next wave, when his board suddenly stopped moving. He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board. “I could have touched its eye with my elbow,” says Craig. The shark had surfaced so quietly that he hadn’t heard a thing.

In his horror and confusion, he waved his arms and accidentally cut two of his fingers on the shark’s teeth. He then slid off the opposit e side of his surfboard into the water. Then, with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers, the five-meter-long shark simply swam away, disappearing into the water below.

Although sharks are often categorized as killers that hunt and eat as many humans as they can, this is factually inaccurate. Sharks very rarely kill humans. A person has a greater chance of being struck by lightning or drowning in a bath than of being killed by a shark.Only 74 people have been reported killed by great whites in the last century. But great white sharks can reach six meters in length and weigh 2,200 kilograms or more. With frightening jaws that can hold up to 3,000 teeth arranged in several rows, they could very easily kill and eat a helpless human in the water. Why is it, then, that most people survive attacks by great whites? Shark researchers are trying to comprehend the reasons that allow people to escape without being eaten.

The most common explanation is that great whites don’t see well. It has been though t that they mistake people for the seals or sea lions which make up a large part of their diet. There is reason to doubt this, however. Recent information shows that great whites can actually see very well. Also, when attacking seals, great whites shoot up to the surface and bite with great force.

When approaching humans, however, they most often move in slowly and bite less hard. They soon discover that humans are not a high-fat meal. “They spit us out because we’re too bony,” says Aidan Martin, director of Reef Quest Center for Shark Research.

Shark researchers like Martin hypothesize that great whites are actually curious animals that like to investigate things. It’s possible that they use their bite not only to kill and eat, but also to gather information. Although such an experience is unlucky for people like Craig Rogers, when sharks bite surfboards or other objects or people, they are likely just trying to learn what they are. 41After Craig Rogers fell into the water, the shark_________.

A bit his surfboard

B bit his fingers

C swam away

D attacked him

42 It is difficult for the author to understand why great whites_________.

A. often let humans escape

B kill humans

C have so many teeth

D grow to six meters or more

43 Which of the following is closest in meaning to make up in line 2 of paragraph 4?

A create

B are

C increase

D depend upon

44The word their in line 2 of paragraph 4 means_________.

A people’s

B great whites’

C sea lions’

D seals’

45 What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?

A Great whites eat low-fat, bony meals more slowly.

B Great whites see well enough to include seals, sea lions, and humans in their diet.

C We now know great whites don’t mistake humans for other animals.

D There is reason to doubt that great whites see well enough to attack humans.

第五部分:补全短文(第46~50题,每题2分,共10分)

阅读下面的短文,文章中有5处空白,文章后面有6组文字,请根据文章的内容选择5组文字,将其分别放回文章原有位置,以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Mind Those Manners on the Subway

So,there you are, just sitting there in the subway car, enjoying that book you just bought.___ (46) F Suddenly,you feel someone leaning over your shoulder reading along with you.

Or, the person sitting next to you takes out a nail clipper (指甲刀) and begins cutting his or her nails.

Annoying? Many of us have to spend some time every day on public transportation.__ (47) _C We all know that some behaviors are simply unacceptable.So, to make the trip more pleasant, we suggest the following:

Let passengers get off the bus or subway car before you can get on.___ (48) E Getting off and on in an orderly manner can save time for all.

Stand away from the doors when they are closing.

Don’t talk loudly on a bus or subway. Chatting loudly with your friends can be annoying to others. ____ (49) B Don’t shout into you r mobile phone on a bus or subway Don’t think your bags and suitcases (手提箱) deserve a seat of their own.

Use a tissue whenever you cough or sneeze (打喷嚏). An uncovered sneeze can spread germs (细菌),especially in crowded places.

Don’t cut your nails or pick your nose on public transportation.

Don’t read over other peoples shoulder.___ (50) D_Many people do this on subways,but it’s really annoying It can make people uncomfortable. They might think you’re too stingy (小气的) even to buy a newspaper. Or they might think you’re judging their behavior

A Don’t eat food in your car.

B Don’t shout into your mobile phone on a bus or subway.

C We all know that some behaviors are simply unacceptable.

D Many people do this on subways,but it’s really annoying.

E Getting off and on in an orderly manner can save time for all.

F Suddenly,you feel someone leaning over your shoulder reading along with you.

第六部分:完形填空(第51~65题,每题1分,共15分)

阅读下面的短文,文中有15处空白,每处空白给出了4个选项,请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Avalanche and Its Safety

An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are (51)the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.

All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope (52)supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is (53)to cause an avalanche, (54)a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.

Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low (55)of avalanche. Snow does not (56)significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not (57)easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow's angle of rest is (58)35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb is: A slope that is (59)enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally, avalanche risk increases with (60)that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.

Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous (61), including route selection and examination of the snowpack, weather (62), and human factors. Several well-known good habits can also (63)the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid (64)to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made. Observe

the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are (65)or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.

51 A among B of C to D in

52 A when B that C who D whose

53 A mostly B likely C clearly D surely

54 A are B will be C is D was

55 A weight B form C risk D work

56 A fall B flow C roll D gather

57 A fall B flow C roll D gather

58 A among B between C with D for

59 A thick B thin C flat D rocky

60A use B time C snow D rain

61 A journey B trip C fact D process

62 A conditions B reports C forecast D event

63 A increase B reduce C improve D remove

64 A price B effort C attention D money

65 A missing B grown C big D fresh

java模拟试卷3与答案

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文艺常识全真模拟试题三

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