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高考完形填空解题技巧

解高考英语完形填空题的14种技巧

1. 跳读首尾句进行预测

一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。

首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络与线索。

Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability.

本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想Evelyn Glennie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，Evelyn Glennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。

2. 利用语法分析解题

完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如：

1) ____do you suppose he asked for them?

. A. What B. How C. Who D. Which

2) ____ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job.

. A. Because B. While C. If D. Since

3. 利用固定搭配解题

完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。如：

1) They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never ____ baths.

A. took

B. washed

C. ran

D. covered

2) I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was useless and when I was 14 he said, “You’re neve r

going to be ____ but a failure.”

A. anything

B. something

C. everything

D. nothing

4. 利用固定句型解题

完形填空虽然注重考查语境理解，但同时也会考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好这些句型，对确定题目的答案很有帮助。如：

!) I haven’t had a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it’s several days ___ I used a ph one box.

A. as

B. when

C. if

D. since

2) It wasn’t long _____the police caught the thief.

A. after

B. when

C. before

D. until

3) “Why _____ you take a big man with you? You have to fight the sailor who is drunk.”

A. don’t

B. couldn’t

C. can’t

D. do

语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。如：

1) First of all, I respected his _____ to teaching. Because his lectures were always well-prepared and clearly delivered, students crowded into his classroom.

A. attention

B. introduction

C. relation

D. devotion

2) I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ____, dressed neatly.

A. roommate

B. classmate

C. neighbor

D. companion

6. 利用跳读法解题

一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中总有一些空是相对简单的。对于这类空格考生可以先将其确定下来，之后再逐个去突破其他空。跳过那些不太容易得出答案的题。切忌做题时循规蹈矩地一个顺着一个地去完成。如：

“Visitors!” repeated Josh, wide-awake at once. He__1__ up and looked around. A short distance away, a group of__2__ stood quietly watching us. One of them __3__ walking toward us. We both jumped to our __4__ not knowing what to expect.

1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put

2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants

3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired

4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet

7. 巧用排除法解题

在有些情况下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道题的答案，可以把排除法和词汇、语法分析结合起来运用，缩小选择的范围，提高正确率。如：

1) The woman looked carefully at me ____ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice.

A. as usual

B. for a while

C. in a minute

D. once again

2) He put the books into the return box. And after a brief ____ in the toilet, he would be on his way to the

playground to meet Eric.

A. rest

B. break

C. walk

D. stop

3) When I started playing ____ him, he told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous.

A. at

B. by

C. for

D. around

8. 利用逻辑关系解题

尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握，就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空的最佳途径。所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈，它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。通过逻辑关系的方法，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。这样做，使得题目的难度大大降低。

(1) 句中逻辑关系

Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and_____nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin performs

one or more specific functions in the body.

A. mostly

B. partly

C. sometimes

D. rarely

(2) 句间逻辑关系

在此，我们发现所谓逻辑关系并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，它还可以渗透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。如：

There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Many artists, ____would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity.

A. therefore

B. however

C. moreover

D. otherwise

(3) 段间逻辑关系

这种逻辑关系主要体现在段落之间的衔接上。如：

Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.

It is generally recognized, ____, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.

A. indeed

B. hence

C. however

D. therefore

9. 巧用背景常识解题

解答完形填空题时，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，还需要把读者头脑中储存的一般知识信息结合起来考虑，最后作出符合常识的最佳答案。因此，考生的知识范围越广，则对文章的理解会更容易，整体上知道所选短文在说什么，那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得心应手。因此解答完形填空题时，考生的英语语言知识和有关世界的知识，都发挥着重要的作用。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，先找出并理解文章主题和主线，并根据主题猜测细节，注意从重复出现的词语中寻找、体会文章表达的氛围。这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。如：

1) After ____ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the

950-mile journey back.

A. growing

B. putting

C. planting

D. laying

2) Salina Joe began to ____ when she was one-year old.

A. say

B. cry

C. sing

D. talk

3) Every morning she would give him breakfast in bed and bring him the paper to 30

A. check

B.read

C. keep

D.sign

4) Owning springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the ____ areas like the desert.

A. dry

B. distant

C. deserted

D. wild

10. 利用对比结构解题

对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。如：

1) A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and____room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.

A. furnished

B. expensive

C. comfortable

D. suitable

11. 利用平行结构解题

平行结构指的是结构相同或相似，意思密切关联，语法一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。这些

结构的形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其表现意义的关联或对比这一特点来设空。高考完形填空短文常常会出现这样一些平行结构，掌握这些结构极为相似的句子可大大提高我们的解题效率。如：

Many people now think that teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is__1__for children to work at home in their free time. __2__, they argue that most teachers do not__3__ plan the homework tasks they give to pupils.

1. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. unfortunate D. unimportant

2. A. Nevertheless B. however C. Therefore D. Moreover

3. A. considerably B. favorably C. properly D. pleasantly

Companies with low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them ____ and active.

A. alive

B. vivid

C. mobile

D. diverse

12. 利用暗示和对应解题

完形填空题中虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和词的辨析、句子结构的考查等，但对文章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的思维方式。考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。如：...he would join student groups to discuss a variety of ___: agriculture, diving and mathematics.

A. questions

B. subjects

C. matters

D. contents

13. 根据文章的感情色彩解题

考生在第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的作用。如：

I was so surprised that I was __47__(speechless). My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. __48__(As a result), at the p oint in our game when I’d have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was __49__(instead) 7 to 9 and Ed was __ 50__ (leading).

【解析】surprised 一词道出了情况的转折，我们可以看到这时作者用词的转变。made an effort，get into shape 等这些褒义词的使用对这些空的选择起到了很好的引导作用。speechless, instead 都是由惊讶得出的。

14. 综合利用各种线索解题

完形填空题主要考查短文阅读理解的能力。因此考生必须阅读全文，弄清句子与句子之间的关系，准确理解全文。为了答好题，考生必须从字里行间寻找能够利用的线索。如书写和形态变化线索(graphic and morphological clues)、词汇线索(lexical clues)、句法线索(syntactical clues)、社会文化线索(socio-cultural clues)，并根据有关的线索进行猜测，作出合理的判断。如：

And the c lerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o’clock three days from that day… Since he was ___ in three days, Andy didn’t lose anytime.

A. moving

B. returning

C. staying

D. leaving

有时题目的答案在短文中就有出现，如能找出线索，解题就易如反掌。如：

Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their _____.

A. exercises

B. defects

C. mistakes

D. tests

高考英语完形填空考试解题三大角度

高考英语完形填空考试解题三大角度完形填空题型有着极为深远的理论背景。在19世纪物理学重大发现“场理论”的启发下，德国心理学家柯勒等人提出了“格式塔心理学”，强调人类认知过程中的宏观性和整体性。1953年，美国语言学家Wilson Taylor基于上述理论，首次提出完形填空这种题型，旨在测试考生利用已知信息恢复不完整语言材料的自然倾向强度，进而考查考生的语言能力。作为选拔性考试，高考必须具有较高信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。完形填空的重点在于综合考查考生的词汇和语法等基础知识以及阅读和写作等语言运用能力，正好满足了高考的需求。自从1987年首次出现在高考英语试卷中以来，完形填空题型历来都属于高考英语中能力要求最高、试题难度最大的一类题型。

研究历年的各套高考完形填空题，可以从具体的题目之中看出该题型中若干对我们解题非常有帮助的共同特点：一、从所选文章的角度体裁上，以叙为主，叙议结合。高考完形填空题的选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文，这是和高考考生的语言水平紧密结合的。高考是各级各类英语测试中相对较简单的一种，因而采取了常见体裁中较简单的记叙文作为题目载体。因此，短文一般按照时间线索行文，内部逻辑清晰层次分明。题材上，选用真实世界中的语言材料，考查考生使用语言进行信息获取和社会交际的能力，对心理问题、校园生活、奇闻轶事等热点话题继续关注，并兼顾高考的公平性原则，不涉及特定地域或人群色彩较浓的不具有一般性的话题。

难度上，基本与现行高三教材相当。字数上，完形填空短文词数在240——320之间。二、从所挖空格的角度首先，该题型所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生熟悉语言环境，迅速进入主题，对文章有宏观和整体性的把握，建立正确的思维导向。正文中通常挖去20个词，平均每14词挖一个空格，通常不会出现两个空格前后相连或同一句子挖空超过三个的情况。其次，挖去的词汇以实词为主，虚词为辅。语言分为形式和内容两方面，而完形填空题多重视考查语言的内容，这是与承载具体信息的实词紧密相关的。在高考对具体语法规则不断淡化的趋势下，常与语言形式即具体语法条目相关的虚词数量不断下降，目前仅在3个空格左右。

高考完形填空解题技巧

高考完形填空解题技巧 Document serial number【KKGB-LBS98YT-BS8CB-BSUT-BST108】

第一讲题目怎么命——一篇“美文佳作”，肢解“七零八落” 要弄明白一个东西“是什么”，就要知道它“从哪里来，要到哪里去”。要做好完形填空，就要对其命题过程有所了解，这样才能够轻松躲避出题陷阱，选出正确选项。就如同那句话，“你找到了限制，就找到了自由”。完形填空所选语段的原型是一篇地道的完整的英语美文，是命题组的老师为高考命题所需绞尽脑汁从中挖去若干词汇所为。“完形填空”，顾名思义就是通过“填空”，使一篇被挖出若干空格、肢解得“七零八落”的文章恢复其原来完整的模样。第一步：选文章首先命题组要根据考试大纲和考试说明的要求，从英美国家杂志或网站上寻找一篇千词左右的文章，然后改造成一篇难度和长度都很合适的、适宜于挖空的二、三百词的语言材料。该语言材料在选材和体裁上一般要具备以下特点： 1．选材从题材来看，高考完形填空题的选材新颖、时尚，注重知识、文化、教育与品位有机结合，符合中学生的阅读兴趣。题材广泛，涉及人物故事、教育、社会经济、文化发展等。例如2014年浙江卷“老师无意中的表扬却使学生改变很大”；2014年北京卷“老师帮助一位小女孩获得同学们的认可”；2014年湖南卷“妈妈通过教孩子熨衣服，使孩子学会如何处理生活中的棘手之事”；2014年重庆卷的第二篇“要入乡随俗”；2014年广东卷“就父母与孩子们的关系进行讨论”等。 2．体裁从体裁来看，高考完形填空题通常以记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章为主，偶尔会出现议论文或说明文。以2014年高考为例，除了广东卷考的是议论文、重庆卷第二篇考的是说明文之外，其他省份考的都是记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章。第二步：挖空格命题组找到了合适的文章后，就要准备动手挖去一些词汇，确定供考生处理的空格的位置，挖空时一般遵循以下原则：

(word完整版)高中英语完形填空解题技巧和训练

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的花朵/栋梁，让学生理解社会主义价值观，文章肯定要表现一个正能量。）； 5.最重要的技巧就是倪萍逻辑；【罗永浩创造的GRE填空技巧。1996年春节联欢晚会上倪萍给观众出了一道题：今年的春节联欢晚会突出了______的主题。 A. 联欢 B. 和谐 C. 吉祥 D. 中国梦答案为什么不选D却选A？因为A有线索和依据（联欢对联欢），D 却没有；另外A的线索和依据比D多。再比如：多种多样的俱乐部提供了多种多样的机会；不同的功能提供了功能的不同。完形填空任何一个题的答案都有依据、线索。就算猜也要这样猜。我最讨厌有些高中老师告诉学生答案时解释原因就说是固定搭配、习惯用法。真的像“固定搭配是个筐，什么都能往里装。”】 6.任何一个题，必须有线索和依据； 7.动词题的解法：1）看主语、看宾语、看搭配；2）前后呼应；名词题、代词题的解法：前后呼应，正确指代；形容词/副词的解法：正负感情；介、连、冠题：逻辑关系；二、高考完形填空题的解题方法 1、读首段首句，预猜文章大意。（通读全文简直是浪费时间，因为一篇完形填空，最快的速度通读下来至少也要7-8minutes,只需看首段首句就能猜出大意。）2-3分钟就能猜出：因为说明文和议论文，其首段首句就是文章中心/大意；记叙文要么是一帆风顺（例如：I went for a walk in a park. I saw some plants, animals

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