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鲁教版八年级下英语各单元知识点归纳

鲁教版八年级下英语各单元知识点归纳
鲁教版八年级下英语各单元知识点归纳

鲁教版八年级下英语各单元知识点归纳

Unit1单元知识点归纳

重点短语:

1、play football 踢足球

2、play basketball 打篮球

3、look like 看起来像…

4、start doing something 开始做某事

5、get in trouble 遇到麻烦

6、expect to do something 期待做某事

7、so many 很多

8、all over the world 全世界

9、pen name 笔名

10、drop out of school 退学、停学

11、enjoy doing something 喜欢做某事

12、have to 不得不

13、try to do sth表示尽自己最大能力做某事

14、begin to do sth 开始做某事

15、be interested in sth 对……感兴趣

16、too …to …太…而不能…

17、continue to do sth 继续做某事

18、keep on doing sth 一直做某事

19、play the piano 弹钢琴

20、be born 出生;出世

21、try every means to do 想方设法(做某事)

22、at hand (时间或空间上)接近的,不远的

重点句型:

1、—When were you born? 你什么时候出生的?

—I was born in 1997. 我1997年出生。2、—How old were you when you learned to ride a bike?

—I was ten years old.

你多大开始学骑自行车的?我十岁时。

3、He read it so many times that he found several mistakes in it .

他读字典读了很多遍,结果他发现里面竟有几处错误。

4、Where were you born? 你出生在何地?

I was born in Jinan. 我出生于济南。

When was Wang Lin born? 王林是何时出生的?

He was born on August 11th, 1980. 他出生于1980年8月11日。

注意:年份或月份前用介词in,而具体日期、星期前介词用on.;地点前一般用介词in。

知识链接

1、He spends all his free time with his grandson.

他所有的空闲时间都是和他的孙子在一起度过的。

spend “花费”既可以指花费钱,也可以指花费时间,后常接介词。常用结构有:spend with sb.和某人一起度过

spend “花费”。在某物上花费是“spend...on...”。

spend...(in)doing sth.做某事花费……

2、She started ice skating when she was four. 她四岁的时候开始滑冰。start的用法:start意为“开始”后接名词,动名词或动词不定式。常用短语:start doing sth. / start to do sth.

例: The birds started singing / to sing in the tree.

3、I saw her play when I was eight.我八岁时看过她的表演。

1)see sb do sth看见某人做了某事

I saw her come into the office.我看见她走进了办公室。

2)see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事

I see him playing football on the playground.

Unit2单元知识点归纳

重点短语:

1、wait in line 排队等候

2、look like 看起来像…

3、forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事

4、forget doing something 忘记做过某事

5、want to do sth 想要做某事

6、go swimming 去游泳

7、on the weekend 在周末

8、stop to do sth 停下来去做某事

9、stop doing sth 停止做某事(停下正在做的事)

10、think of 想起

11. kind of 有点

12、talk about 谈论

13、such as例如,像

14、turn to 向……求助

15、next to 紧邻

16、keep doing 一直做某事

17、think about 思考、考虑

18、in the end 最后

19、be different from 不同于

20、decide to do sth 决定做某事

21、help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事

重点句型:

1、—It looks like rain, doesn't it? 天要下雨了,不是吗?

—Yes ,It does. 是的,要下雨。

2、—What do you think of our school? 你认为我们学校怎么样?

3、This is the biggest school in town.这是城镇里最大的学校。

4、You don’t live here, do you ? Yes , I do.

你不居住在这,是吗?是的,我不住这。

知识链接

1、He is really good, isn’t he? 他真的很好不是吗?

反意疑问句:陈述句+ 简短句简短句部分常翻译成“是不是?不是吗?对吗?等”

(1)反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否,前否后肯”的原则

Eg. He is a driver, isn’t he? 他是一名司机,是不是?

Your sister didn’t help him, did she? 你的姐姐没有帮助她,是吗?

(2)当前面陈述句中有否定词few, little, never, no, nobody, nothing,

hardly, seldom 等时,其后疑问部分应用肯定形式。

Eg. He can hardly swim, can he? 他几乎不会游泳,是吗?

We have little water, do we? 我们几乎没水了,对吗?

(3)以let’s开头的反意疑问句,反意疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的用will you

Eg. Let’s go and play basketball, shall we? 咱们去打篮球,好吗?

Let us have a rest, will you? 让我们休息一下,好吗?

2、He sure is! 他的确如此!

sure 在这里是副词,意为“的确,确实”,用以加强语气。

He sure looked unhappy.

Sure 还可做形容词,意为“确信,肯定,有把握”

Unit3单元知识点归纳

重点短语:

1、the capital of France 法国的首都

2、go on vacation 去度假

3、for example 例如

4、lots of 许多、大量

5、as soon so possible 尽快

6、in general 大体上

7. quite a few 相当多

8、ought to 理应……应该……

9、thousands of 数以千计的

10、go to college 去上大学

11、according to the survey 根据调查

12、more realistic 更现实

13、in the future 将来

14、realize one's dream 实现梦想

15、willing to study hard 乐意努力学习

16、get a good education 接受良好的教育

重点句型:

1、For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Paris?

下次度假,你何不考虑去巴黎呢?

consider doing sth. 考虑做某事

难点:consider的后面可以跟多种结构,都用来表示“考虑,细想”之意。如:consider sb./sth. +宾语补足语;consider sb. to be + 宾语补足语;consider +从句

如:I considered him my best friend. Tom considered this answer wrong.

I considered her to be a clever girl.

I considered that she was a clever girl.

作“认为,把……看成”讲时,常用于“consider…to be/as…”结构。如:I consider him to be honest. He considered himself as a man.

2、…but it’s usually convenient to take the underground train to most places.

convenient adj 常用句型:It’s convenient for sb. to do sth. 和名词+convenient to (for)+名词。如:When is it most convenient for us to meet?

Our house is convenient to the children’s school.

另外convenient 还可做定语修饰名词。如:His house is in a convenient place, near the station.

3、I’d love to sail across the Pacific.我想横渡太平洋航行。

是介词,意为“从…一边到另一边;横过。

4、Here are some of the findings of a survey about hopes and dreams, in

which thousands of students across China took part.

A: in which thousands of students across China took part.为非限定性定语从句,修饰前面的名词survey。

B: take part (in sth.) 指“参与;参加”。in提到引导词之前which。

5、And quite a few said they dream of going to the moon one day. 许多人说他们梦想有一天会登上月球。

A: few意为“几乎没有几个”,表示否定;a few 表示“有些,几个”,表示肯定;

quite a few= many 表示“许多”。

重点:quite a little = much 表示“许多”,修饰不可数名词。

B: dream是动词,dream about/ of指“想象,梦想”。dream还可以作名词,意为“梦;梦想;愿望”。

6、Other students hope to continue studying after finishing school.

continue doing (sth.) 指“继续做某事;不停的干”,还可用continue to do或continue with sth.

Unit4 单元知识点归纳

重点短语:

1、ask the teacher for help 向老师求助

2、so….. that…… 如此…..以至于…….

3、look up 查阅、抬头看

4、be worn with 天生具有

5、pay attention to 注意,关注

6、connect……with…… 和…..联系起来

7、work with friends 和朋友一起学习

8、make word cards 做单词卡片

9、listen to tapes 听录音

10、study for a test 备考

11、watch videos 看录像

12、have conversations with 与…..交谈/会话

13、read aloud 大声读

14、speaking skills 口语技巧

15、spoken English 英语口语

16、a little 有点儿

17、give a report 作报告

18、at first 起初,起先

19、word by word 一字一字地,逐字

20、because of 因为

21、fall in love with 爱上…..

22、as well 也

23、something interesting 有趣的事情

24、take notes 记笔记

25、the meaning of …..的意思

26、how often 多久一次

27、make mistakes 犯错误

28、a lot of 许多

29、talk to 谈话,交谈

30、the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力

31、in common 共有的

32、learning habits 学习习惯

33、be interested in 对…..感兴趣

34、get bored 感到无聊/ 厌烦

35、think about 考虑

36、be good at 在…..方面擅长

37、even if 即使,尽管,纵然

38、worry about 担心,担忧

39、instead of 代替,而不是

40、each other 互相,彼此

41、find out 找到,查明

固定短语:

1、be afraid to do sth / be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事

2、by doing sth 通过做某事

3、finish doing sth 完成某事

4、try to do sth. 尽力做某事

5、find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事……

6、begin to do sth. 开始做某事

7、help sb. ( to ) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

8、need to do sth. 需要做某事

9、keep doing sth. 一直在做某事

10、practice doing sth. 练习做某事

11、remember to do sth. 记得去做某事

重点句型:

1、—How do you study for a test? 你怎样备考?

—I study by working with a group. 我通过参加小组学习。

2、—How can I improve my pronunciation? 我怎样才能改善我的发音呢?

—One way is by listening to tapes. 一种方法是通过听录音。

3、I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. 我发现听有趣的事情是语言学习的秘诀。

Unit5 单元知识点归纳

重点短语:

1. the Water Festival 泼水节

2. the Chinese Spring Festival 中国春节

3. the Dragon Boat Festival 龙舟节

4. the Lantern Festival 元宵节

5. Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节

5. next year 明年

6. like best 最喜欢

7. put on 增加体重,发胖

8. go to…..for a vacation 去……度假

9. sound like. 听起来像

10. be similar to 与……相似

11. each other 互相,彼此

12. wash away 冲走,洗掉

13. in the shape of 以……的形状

14. on Mid-Autumn night 在中秋之夜

15. shoot down 射下

16. fly up to 飞向……

17. call out 大声呼喊

18. lay out 摆开,布置

19. the tradition of ……的传统

20. come back 回来

21. at night 在夜里,在晚上

22. as a result 结果,因此

23. one….the other 一个……另一个

24. Mother’s Day 母亲节

25. Father’s Day 父亲节

26. more and more popular 越来越受欢迎

27. have to 不得不,必须

28. think of 想起,认为,思考

29. play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人

30. dress up 装扮,穿上盛装

31. the spirit of ……的精神

32. the importance of ……的重要性

33. care about 关心,在乎

34. make money 挣钱

35. end up 结束,告终

36. remind sb of 使某人想起

37. wake up 醒来

38. in need 需要帮助,处于困境中

39. the beginning of ……的开始

40. not only….but also 不但……而且……

41. between…..and…. 在……和……之间

42. give out 分发,发放

固定搭配短语:

1. be going to 将要,打算……

2. in + 时间段在……后

3. give sb. sth. 给某人某物,把某物给某人

4. plan to do sth. 计划做某事

5. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事

6. one of + 名词复数……之一

7. It is + 名词+ 动词不定式做某事是……

8. What …..think of…..? ……认为……怎么样……

9. make sb. do sth. 使/ 让某人做某事

10. used to be 过去是……

11. warm sb. to do sth. 告诫某人做某事

12. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事

13. decide to do sth. 决定做某事

14. promise to do sth 承诺/ 答应做某事

重点句型:

1. What a great day!

多么美好的一天!

2. How pretty the dragon boats were!

龙舟真漂亮啊!

3. Bill wonders whether they’ll have zongzi next year.

比尔想知道明年他们是否将再吃粽子。

4. I know that the Water Festival is really fun.

我知道泼水节很有趣。

5. It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead.

相反,帮父母做事也是个好主意。

Unit6 单元知识点归纳

短语:

1. excuse me 劳驾,请原谅,打搅

2. get to 到达

3. get some magazines 得到一些杂志

4. have dinner 吃晚餐

5. get some information about 获取有关…….的一些信息

6. a pair of 一双,一对,一副

7. on one’s / the right 在右边

8. turn left / right 向左/ 右拐

9. between…..and….. 在…..和…..之间

10. go past 经过,路过

11. come on 快点儿,过来,加油

12. on one’s way to 在某人去…….的路上

13. a little earlier 早点儿

14. the shopping center 购物中心

15. a good place to eat 一个吃饭的好地方

16. the corner of …….的角落/ 拐角处

17. in different situations 在不同的情况下

18. lead in to 导入,引入

19. on time 准时,按时

20. look forward to 盼望,期待

21. pardon me 什么,请再说一遍

固定短语:

1. not…..until…… 直到…..才……

2. Let’s do sth. 让我们做某事吧

3. start doing sth. 开始做某事

4. spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事

5. thank sb. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而感谢某人

6. would like to do sth. 想要做某事

7. look forward to doing sth. 盼望,期待做某事

重点句型:

1. Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore?

打扰一下,请你告诉我如何去书店好吗?

2. Excuse me, do you know where I can get some postcards?

请问,你知道在哪里可以买到一些明信片吗?

3. I wonder where we should go next.

我想知道接下来我们应该去哪儿?

交际用语:

1. —Do you know when the bookstore closes today?

你知道书店今天什么时候关门吗?

—It closes at 7:00 p. m. today.

今天下午7点关门。

2. —Excuse me,could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore? 对不起,你能告诉我去书店怎么走吗?

3. —Sure, just go along Main Street until you pass

Center Street. The bookstore is on your right, beside the bank.

当然了,沿着主大街走一直到经过中心街为止,书店就在你的右边,在银行的旁边。

4. — I wonder where we should go next.

我想知道我们接着该去哪里。

—How about that new ride over there?

去那边坐新的过山车怎么样?

—Oh.. . it looks pretty scary. 哦……看起来很恐怖。

Unit7 单元重难点归纳

【重点单词】

1. humorous adj. 有幽默感的;滑稽有趣的

2. silent adj. 沉默的

3. helpful adj. 有用的,有帮助的

4. score n &v. 得分,进球

5. interview v &n. 面试,采访

6. dare v. 敢于;胆敢

7. private adj. 私人的,私密的

8. require v. 需要;要求

9. European adj. 欧洲的

10. British adj. 英国的

11. speech n. 讲话;发言

12. ant n. 蚂蚁

13. insect n. 昆虫

14. influence n &v 影响

15. proud adj. 自豪的,骄傲的

16. seldom adv. 不常,很少

17. fail v.不及格,失败

18. general adj. 普通的,常规的

19. introduction n. 介绍

【重点词组】

1. used to 过去曾经

2. be afraid of the dark 惧怕黑暗

3. from time to time 时常

4. get good scores 取得好的分数

5. deal with 对付,应对

6. get tons of attention 得到大量的关注

7. read books on European history 阅读有关欧洲历史的书

8. African culture 非洲文化

9. be alone 独处

10. give a speech in public 作一个公开演讲

11. paint pictures 画画

12. be nervous about tests 对考试感到紧张

13. influence his way of thinking 影响他的思维方式

14. be proud of ./take pride in 为…感到骄傲

15. be absent from classes 逃课

16. fail the examinations 考试不及格

17. make a decision 下决心

18. talk with sb in person 亲自找某人谈话

19. to one’ surprise使某人惊讶的是

20. feel good about oneself 对自己充满信心

21. a general self-introduction 一个简要的自我介绍

22. in the last few years 在最近几年

23. remain silent 保持沉默

24. have a great influence on sb 对某人有很大的影响【重点句式】

1. ---You used to be short, didn’t you? ---Yes, I did.

---你过去个子矮,是吗?---是的,我是。

2. ---What’s he like now? ---He’s tall now.---她现在是什么样?---她现在很高。

3. Paula used to be really quiet, she was never brave enough to ask questions.

波拉以前很文静,她从来不够勇敢来问题。

4. It’s three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.自从我们上次见到我们的初中同学以来已有三年了。

5. Emily didn’t use to eat a lot of vegetables, but now she loves carrots and tomatoes.

艾米丽过去不吃许多蔬菜,但是现在她喜爱胡萝卜和西红柿。

6. ----I used to be nervous about tests all the time. What about you?

---Yes, me too. And I used to hate P.E class.

--我以前对考试一直感到紧张,你呢?---是的,我也是。并且我过去还讨厌上体育课。

7. My life has changed a lot in the last few years.我的生活在近几年改变了许多。

Unit8 单元重难点归纳

短语归纳

1、be made of 由……制成的

(表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么)

2、be made from 由……制成的

(在成品中已无法辨认原材料)

3、be known for 以……闻名

4、be used for 被用于……

5、no matter 不论;无论

6、be covered with 用……覆盖

7、as far as I know 据我所知

8、by hand 用手

9、be good for 对……有益

10、on the last Friday of each month 在每个月的最后一个星期五

11、be good at 擅长

12、make high-technology products 制造高科技产品

13、the earth’s surface 地球表面

14、many different kinds of 许多不同种类的

15、fly a kite 放风筝

16、such as 例如

17、according to 根据按照

18、ask for help 请求帮助

19、a symbol of ……的象征

20、put…on… 把……放在……上

21、be used for 被用于做……

22、good luck 好运

23、at a very high heat 在高温下

24、be made in 在……制造的

25、be famous for 以……著名

26、on the sides of mountains 在山腰上

27、all over the world 全世界

28、traffic accident 交通事故

29、a kite festival 风筝节

30、be from 来自

31、turn…into…把……变成……

32、send out 放出

33、in trouble 处于困境中

34、rise into 上升上涨

35、paper cutting 剪纸

36、be used by 被……使用

37、during the Spring Festival 在春节期间

38、sky lanterns 孔明灯

用法集萃

1. 被动语态:Be+及物动词的过去分词

2. No matter +从句“无论”

3. find it +形容词+that 从句“发现……是怎样的”

4. it seems that +从句“好像”

5. buy sb. sth. =buy sth for sb 给某人买某物

6. avoid doing sth 避免做某事

7. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事

8. want to do sth 想做某事

9.learn to do sth 学会做某事

10. try to do sth 尽力做某事

11. It takes +一段时间+ to do sth 做某事花费多长时候

12. used to do sth 过去常常做某事

语法全解

被动语态:被动语态用在被动句中。

1.主动语态:主动语态用在主动句中,表示主语是动作的执行者。

2.被动语态:被动语态用在被动句中,表示主语是动作的承受者。实际上,被动语态是有主动句中的宾语转变而来的,

句中的谓语动词是及物动词。

句子的构成结构:

主动句:主语+ 谓语+ 宾语

被动句:主语+ be + 及物动词的过去分词+ by + 宾语

被动语态的时态变化:不同的时态变化只变化be动词就可以。

一般现在时:be动词只有人称、数的变化。如:I+am 、she/he/it+is、they/we+are

一般过去时:be动词变为过去式,有人称、数的变化。如:I+was 、she/he/it+was、they/we+were

被动语态的句式变化:A、一般疑问句把be动词提前,其他位置不变。肯定回答:yes, 主语+be 否定回答:no,主语+be+not

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