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工程硕士上课作业—基础英语

工程硕士研究生基础英语

I.Vocabulary and Grammar

1. Before we move, we should _____ some of the old furniture, so that we can have more room

in the new house.

A) discard

B) dissipate

C) cancel

D) conceal

2. You cannot imagine how I feel _____ with my duties sometimes.

A) overflowed

B) overthrown

C) overwhelmed

D) overturned

3. Anyone not paying the registration fee by the end of this month will be _____ to have

withdrawn from the program.

A) contemplated

B) deemed

C) acknowledged

D) anticipated

4. Although he was on a diet, the delicious food _____ him enormously.

A) distracted

B) stimulated

C) inspired

D) tempted

5. The police are trying to _____ what really happened.

A) ascertain

B) assert

C) avert

D) ascribe

6. He said that ending the agreement would _____ the future of small or family-run shops, lead

to fewer books being published and increase prices of all but a few bestsellers.

A) venture

B) expose

C) jeopardize

D) legalize

7. As we know, computers are used to store and _____ information efficiently.

A) reclaim

B) reconcile

C) reassure

D) retrieve

8. His illness first _____ itself as severe stomach pains and headaches.

A) expressed

B) manifested

C) reflected

D) displayed

9.Some crops are relatively high yielders and could be planted in preference to others to _____ the food supply.

A) enhance

B) curb

C) disrupt

D) heighten

10. Astronomers at the University of California discovered one of the most distant _____.

A) paradoxes

B) paradises

C) galaxies

D) shuttles

11. Many great scientists _____ their success to hard work.

A) portray

B) ascribe

C) impart

D) acknowledge

12. The sign set up by the road _____ drivers to a sharp turn.

A) alerts

B) refreshes

C) pleads

D) diverts

13. The doctors don't _____ that the patient will live much longer.

A) monitor

B) manifest

C) articulate

D) anticipate

14. Call your doctor for advice if the _____ persist for more than a few days.

A) responses

B) signals

C) symptoms

D) reflections

15. We find it impossible to _____ with the latest safety regulations.

A) accord

B) unify

C) obey

D) comply

16. The parents were worried about their daughter because nobody wasaware of _____ she had

gone.

A. to which

B. the place which

C. the place

D. where

17. --- They don’t have much in their house yet.

---_____ they’re planning to live here only until Bob gets his degree, they don’t want to buy much furniture.

A. While

B. Although

C. Since

D. As far as

18. It was an unforgettable moment for all the citizens this year,_____ in 20 years China’s

omen’s volleyball team won the Olympic goldmedal again.

A. that

B. which

C. when

D. while

19. --- Do you know _____ Mr. Black’s address is?

--- He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street.

A. which

B. where

C. what

D. that

20. When you answer questions in a job interview, please rememberthe golden rule:Always give

the monkey exactly _____ he wants.

A. what

B. which

C. when

D. that

21. I’ll see you after the show and give you ＄20 for the tickets,or _____ much they cost.

A. whatever

B. whether

C. no matter

D. however

22. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, _____ you giveus all the necessary

information.

A. in case of

B. provided that

C. or else

D. as if

23. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, _____something occurred, which

attracted my attention.

A. unless

B. until

C. when

D. while

24. Determination is a kind of quality --- and that is _____ ittakes to do anything well.

A. that

B. which

C. why

D. what

25. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point_____ he can walk correctly

and safely.

A. when

B. where

C. which

D. how

26. Many policemen on duty will not be able to spare one minute towatch the football match,

_____ they might only be meters away from theaction.

A. because

B. although

C. if

D. where

27. After five hours’ drive, they reached _____ they thought was the place they’d been

dreaming of.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. what

28. _____ you keep on trying, I don’t really mind whether you cancome out top in your class.

A. So long as

B. As soon as

C. Once

D. The moment

29. There is no doubt _____ China is always trying to keep worldpeace and against any war.

A. that

B. whether

C. if

D. when

30. There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of _____ mouthtea is supposed to come.

A. which

B. that

C. its

D. whose

II.Reading comprehension

Text 1

Even in traditional offices，“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago，” said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn She started spinning off examples.“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see much less frequent use of terms like Journey， mission，passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were objectives，but we didn't talk about energy；we didn't talk about passion.”

Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented-and not by coincidence.“Let's not forget sDorts-in male-dominated corporate America，it's still a big deal. It's not explicitly conscious；it's the idea that I'm a coach，and you're my team，and we're in this togethec. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win”。

These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khurana points out，increase allegiance to the firm.“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations：Terms like vision，values，passion，and purpose，”said Khurana

This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today， prompting arguments about why women still can't have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg's Lean In，whose title has become a buzz word in its own right. Terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home But if your work is your “passion，” you'll be more likely to devote yourself to it，even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed

But this seems to be the irony of office speak：Everyone makes fun of it，but managers love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg said，“You can get people to think it's nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.” In a workplace that's fundamentally in different to your life and its meaning office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work-and how your work defines who you are

31. According to Nancy Koehn， office language has become ______.

[A]more emotional

[B]more objective

[C]less energetic

[D]less energetic

[E]less strategic

32.“team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to ______.

[A]historical incidents

[B]gender difference

[C]sports culture

[D]athletic executives

33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to ______.

[A]revive historical terms

[B]promote company image

[C]foster corporate cooperation

[D]strengthen employee loyalty

34.It can be inferred that Lean In ______.

[A]voices for working women

[B]appeals to passionate workaholics

[C]triggers debates among mommies

[D]praises motivated employees

35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak？

[A]Managers admire it but avoid it

[B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense

[C]Companies find it to be fundamental

[D]Regular people mock it but accept it

Text 2

Many people talked of the 288，000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June， along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent， as good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment， but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.

However， there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830，000（4.4 percent） above its year ago level.

Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare， it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time in June， but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession， but it is down by 640，000（7.9 percent） from its year ago level.

We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes，” they are classified a s working part-time. They survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice. They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.

The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people， especially those with serious health conditions of family members with serious health conditions， before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.

However， Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.

36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected？

A. The prospect of a thriving job market.

B. The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.

C. The possibility of full employment.

D. The acceleration of job creation.

37. Many people work part-time because they______.

A. prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs

B. feel that is enough to make ends meet

C. cannot get their hands on full-time jobs

D. haven‘t seen the weakness of the market

38. Involuntary part-time employment in the US

A. is harder to acquire than one year ago

B. shows a general tendency of decline

C. satisfies the real need of the jobless

D. is lower than before the recession

39. It can be learned that with Obamacare， ______.

A. it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance

B. employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance

C. it is still challenging to get insurance for family members

D. full-time employment is still essential for insurance.

40. The text mainly discusses______.

A. employment in the US

B. part-timer classification

C. insurance through Medicaid

D. Obamacare‘s trouble

III.Translation

41.假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。

42.如今，随着网络的发展，越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。足不出户，只需鼠标—点，快递员就

会把你要的东西送到家门口，省时省力，方便快捷。这为消费者节省了很多逛超市的时间，也避

免了交通拥堵。由于网上销售库存压力较小、经营成本低、经营规模不受场地限制，这也给年轻

人创业提供了很好的机会。网上购物无论对消费者、企业还是市场都有着巨大的吸引力和影响力，在新经济时期无疑是达到“多赢(multi-win)”效果的理想模式。

43.In those days Hollywood was like a magnet, drawing ambitious young men and women from all over the world. Most of them had only good looks to recommend them and had no acting experience —or ability—

whatsoever. Occasionally they got jobs, if they were lucky enough to be noticed. Gary Cooper was one of the few who were noticed. He started as a stunt rider, and from there rose to be one of the great sta

rs of the early Westerns. Many girls got jobs in cafes or gas stations, and as they served their customers they tossed their heads and swung their hips, hoping to attract the attention of some important person connected with the movies. Most them hoped in vain.

44.①Playing video games encourages immediate content. ②And hours of watching TV shows

with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way. ③At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors. ④All these activities can stunt the growth of important communication and thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sustained concentration they will need for most jobs. ⑤They should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. ⑥They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically. ⑦Discussions at home can help kids practice doing these things and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations.

IV.Writing

Suppose you are applying a graduate position or a job position in an American university.

Write your personal statement.

土木专业英语翻译作业

桂林理工大学土木与建筑工程学院土木工程专业英语外文翻译，中文翻译姓名：马凤志专业：土木应用班级：10级9班学号：3100510939

原文

中文翻译 The Influence of Concrete Compaction on the Strength of Concrete Filled Steel Tubes 压实混凝土对混凝土强度的影响 Lin-Hai Han School of Civil Engineering, Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Haihe Road 202, PO Box 689, Harbin 150090, P.R. China 韩林海，哈尔滨建筑大学，土木与建筑工程学院，海河路202号，邮政信箱，689，哈尔滨，150090 中国 ABSTRACT: Tests on twenty-one concrete filled steel tubes to investigate the influence of compaction methods on the strength of concrete filled steel tubular members are reported. 摘要：测试二十一钢管混凝土试验，研究了钢管对混凝土构件强度压实方法的影响报告。 Two parameters were investigated, including slenderness ratio and load eccentricity. 对两个参数进行研究，包括长细比和荷载偏心。 It was found that better compaction of concrete resulted in higher values of the ultimate strength of concrete filled steel

英语网上作业

Part 1 Multiple Choice (每小题：1 分) Directions: Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. 1.Actually, humor helps make products more ________ to consumers. A. available B. sensible C. feasible D. accessible 2.Just as the increase of fax machines, wireless phones and personal computers has caused a shortage of phone numbers, heavy use of the Internet is _____ the supply of numerical (数字的) Internet addresses. A. draining B. soaking C. absorbing D. drying https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8914516466.html,pared with what I saw 10 years ago, ads today are becoming increasingly _______. A. sophisticated

C. philosophical D. physical 4.According to the recent report, 10 years ago about one in seven people in this country spoke a language ________ English at home. A. rather than B. other than C. regardless of D. except for 5.Dolly's creators at Edinburgh's Roslin Institute boasted she ____ the promise of animals that could produce drugs and organs for humans. A. contained B. emphasized C. packed D. embodied 6.If, one day, it was possible to direct stem cells to become selected types of replacement tissue, it could be used to ________ a host of diseases which at present are incurable.

综合英语(一)课文及翻译

Lesson One: The Time Message Elwood N, Chapman 新的学习任务开始之际，千头万绪，最重要的是安排好时间，做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议，或许对你有所启迪。 1 Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look a head, you think you have more time than you need. For Example,at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands, but toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties (duty), so you get worried. What is the answer? Control! 译：时间真是不好对付，既难以控制好，又很容易浪费掉，当你向前看时，你觉得你的时间用不完。例如，在一个学期的开始，你或许觉得你有许多时间，但到学期快要结束时，你会突然发现时间快用光了，你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完，这样你就紧张了。答案是什么呢？控制。 2 Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. I f you don't make it work fo r you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one Problem. 译：时间是危险的，如果你控制不了时间，时间就会控制你，如果你不能让时间为你服务，它就会起反作用。所以，你必须成为时间的主人，而不是它的奴仆，作为刚入学的大学生，妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。 3 Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad habit. It is like a drug. The more time you waste,the easier it is to go on wasting time. If seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put the time message into practice. 译：时间是珍贵的，浪费时间是个坏习惯，这就像毒品一样，你越浪费时间，就越容易继续浪费下去，如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会，你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。 Message1. Control time from the beginning. 4 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the Beginning of the term. 译：抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间，不要把事情推到明天或是下周，在学期开始就开始计划。 Message2. Get the notebook habit. 5 Go and buy a notebook today, Use it to plan your study time each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared, follow the same pattern every week with small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the Plan for the following week.

专业英语大作业

专业英语大作业一：英译汉翻译范围TCP/IP Illustrated, V olume 1: The Protocols 5.1~5.5 15.1~15.2 第5章RARP：逆地址解析协议 5.1简介 5.2 RARP报文格式 5.3 RARP示例 5.4 RARP服务的设计 5.5小结练习 5.1简介一个拥有本地磁盘的系统通常是从磁盘文件读取配置文件中获取其IP地址。但一个没有磁盘的系统，如X终端或无盘工作站，需要一些其它方式去获得其IP地址。每个系统在网络上都有一个唯一的硬件地址，由网络接口的制造商分配。 RARP的原则是无盘系统从接口卡上读取其独特的硬件地址，并发送RARP请求（网络上的广播帧）要求别人对无盘系统的IP地址（使用RARP回应）进行应答。虽然这个概念很简单，执行往往比ARP更难，在本章后面会描述其原因。 RARP的正式规范是RFC 903。 5.2 RARP报文格式 RARP报文的格式几乎与ARP报文是相同的（图4.3）。唯一的区别是，RARP 的请求或应答帧类型为0×8035，并且在操作层RARP请求值为3、RARP应答值为4。图4-3 ARP在网络上请求与应答报文的格式与ARP一样，RARP服务器请求是广播和RARP应答通常是单播。 5.3 RARP示例在我们的网络，我们可以强制sun主机从网络引导，而不是它的本地磁盘。如果我们在主机bsdi上运行RARP服务器和tcpdump，我们得到如图5.1所示的输出。我们使用-e参数去标记tcpdump的打印硬件地址：

图5.1 RARP请求和应答。该RARP请求是广播（1号线）的，第2行的RARP应答是单播的。第2行的输出，“at sun”,意味着RARP应答包含了主机sun（140.252.13.33）的IP地址。在第3行，我们看到，一旦sun接收其IP地址，它会发出一个TFTP读请求（RRQ）的文件8CFCOD21.SUN4C。（TFTP是简单文件传输协议，我们在第15章进行详细描述）。在文件名中的8个十六进制数字是sun主机的IP地址140.252.13.33的十六进制表示形式。这是在RARP应答中返回的IP地址。该文件名的其余部分，后缀SUN4C表示系统正在引导的类型。 Tcpdump表示第3行是一个长度为65的IP数据报，而不是一个UDP数据报（实际上它确实是），因为我们运行tcpdump命令使用-e参数，看硬件级别的地址。另一点，在图5.1要注意的是在第2行的以太网帧的长度似乎比最小较短（我们所说的是在4.5节60字节）。原因是我们的系统，该系统上运行的tcpdump 发送该以太网帧（BSDI）。该应用程序rarpd，写42字节到BSD分组过滤器装置（14字节的以太网报头和28字节的RARP应答），这是什么的tcpdump收到的副本。但以太网设备驱动程序垫这个短帧的最小尺寸为传输（60 ）。如果我们在另一个系统上已经运行的tcpdump ，长度会是60。我们可以看到在这个例子，当这种无盘系统接收在RARP应答它的IP地址，它会发出一个TFTP请求来读取一个引导映像。在这一点上，我们不会进入其他详细介绍无盘系统是如何引导自己。（第16章介绍了使用RARP ，BOOTP和TFTP无盘X终端的引导顺序。）图5.2表示出了如果有在网络上没有RARP服务器所得到的数据包。每个数据包的目的地址为以太网的广播地址。以太网地址跟随的是目标硬件地址，并按照发送端的硬件地址发送。

新一代大学英语综合教程1 英语课文翻译

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