精读unit课后习题答案

精读u n i t课后习题答案Newly compiled on November 23, 2020

Key to exercises

Unit 1

Preview

1.Listen to the recording of the text and then fill in the blanks in the following

sentences.

1.aim/purpose; training; practical/professional skills; technical training;

universities

2.graduate school; Shakespeare’s plays; be a pharmacist

3.making a living; keep himself; his family; expose; ideas

4.waking; average; a living; all about

5.in danger; mechanized savages; push-button Neanderthals

6.have left us; peculiar accomplishments; species

7.center; storehouse

8.sarcastic; humorous

2.Read the text for better comprehension and answer the questions, paying

special attention to the parts in bold type.

1)It means annoying experiences, tough problems or failures.

2)They must have finished their graduate studies with an advanced degree like a

PhD.

3)It simply means “one of the students”. The word “body” here means the

whole group of students. Because the student is thin and tall. It is meant to be

humorous rather than insulting.

4) He teaches English literature.

5)By using the word “stuff”, he shows his dislike for the course very clearly. He

doesn’t like the course because he thinks it is useless for his planned career.

6)We can assume that he does not think it necessary to waste money on the books

since he intends to drop the course.

7)The latter. It is a humorous way of referring to a certain type of people.

8) He is talking about the Pharmacy School. He is being sarcastic when he calls it

“a Drugstore Mechanics School”

It means “技工”.

9) He is talking about the diploma for university or college graduates.

He has in mind people like what the student wants to be: pharmacists.

10) It means “having been introduced to the ideas developed or produced

throughout history.

11) It refers to his effort to convince the student.

12) “Hold” here is an intransitive verb meaning “remain true”. It is often used as a

set phrase “hold true”.

13) It means “things of the same kind”. 诸如此类

14)We call it the future continuous tense. It is used for ongoing future actions.

15) He is saying here that you will make sure that the medicine

you make will not be mixed with poison if you are trained as a pharmacist;

that the houses you build will successfully keep out bulls if your chosen job is

engineering; and that your client will not be sentenced to death because you are

incompetent if you want to be a lawyer.

16) These are all useful things to do… and raises/brings up your children.

17) In formal English, “may” is used to express a hope or wish.

More examples:

May our country be prosperous and our people happy.

May peace finally prevail.

Note: suffice (be sufficient) It is formal for humorous effect.

18) 民主的思想家. Will you be heading a family that is familiar with the great

democratic ideas in past history

19) He means the tall student. “Pest” is often used to refer to an annoying person especially a child.

20) No. He means that he is aiming to make money. That is his purpose for coming to school.

21) …you’re going to have trouble finding something to do when you are not

spending money.

22) … then you shouldn’t go to college. You have no reason to go to college.

23) He is saying here that young people may become savages like the ancient

people who lived 35,000 to 130,000 years ago although they can now push

buttons and use machines, hence, a “new species”.

24) Our colleges are bound to produce some students of this kind. He is very

sarcastic about these people and thinks that they are not truly educated and civilized as they should be today. Therefo re he uses the expression: “ such life forms”. Note also that the word “graduate” is used as a transitive verb here.

25) We are talking about how ideas or concepts are developed and how important

they are in the evolution of the human species. Animals live

by instinct. Only human beings are able to formulate ideas such as love, freedom, democracy, and equality. These ideas make us different from other animals. And we get these ideas from people in the past. That is why reading is so important. Many scholars maintain that without reading we don’t know how to think. There are,

however, people who emphasize the importance of direct experience. They say that ‘Doing is also learning’. Sometimes they even go as far as to maintain that reading may prevent us from creative thinking.

26) The fact that we have the faculty means that…

Vocabulary

1. Do the following exercises on word formation rules.

1) The following words are adjectives ending with the suffixes “-ent” and “-ant,” and

their corresponding nouns usually ending with “-ence” and “-ance.” Decide which of the following should be the former, and which the latter.

1.different

2.independent

3.extravagant

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8d12770347.html,petent

5.arrogant

6.important

7.confident

8.fragrant

9.significant

10.convenient 11.evident

12.intelligent

13.relevant

14.present

15.urgent

16.violent

17.current

18.frequent

19.distant

Note: The following words are nouns, not adjectives: accountant; assistant; defendant; dependant; attendant

2) Guess the corresponding nouns of the following, paying special attention to their pronunciation.

1.qualification clarification

unification notification

classification identification

intensification justification

simplification certification

glorification specification

2. modernization mechanization

realization civilization

globalization specialization

Americanization industrialization

urbanization idealization

centralization marketization

nationalization privatization

3.permission discussion

admission profession

commission confession

remission impression

emission oppression

submission compression

transmission expression

omission depression

3) Give derivatives of the following words.

1.sense: sensitive; sensible; senseless; sensibility;

oversensitive; insensitive

2.technique: technical; technically; technician;

3.special: specially; specialty; specialize

4.intellect: intellectual; intelligent; intelligence

5.civil: civilize; civilization; civilized;

uncivilized

4) Translate the following into Chinese.

1.Many people agree that the increased enrollment is a big

accomplishment.

2.The lack of availability of certified accountants who can meet such

high qualifications is still a big problem.

3.Early specialization is not wise. Students should have a wide exposure

to world culture before they specialize.

4.Strong as we might be some day we must never become arrogant. We

should continue to pursue the policy of peaceful co-existence among nations.

5.It is a penetrating thought that a nation’s power rests essentially

with its advanced civilization.

6.Our memory of past disastrous experiences is an extremely important

spiritual resource.

2. Translate the following verb+noun collocations into English.

1) fold one’s arms

2) fold the letter

3) acquire knowledge

4) generate ideas

5) generate jobs

6) generate power

7) generate interest

8) employ workers

9) use/employ time

10) rear/raise one’s children

11) rear sheep

12) raise one’s family

13) raise one’s voice

14) raise tax

15) raise the question

16) maintain contact

17) maintain law and order

18) maintain peace

3. Give the synonyms and antonyms of the following.

Synonyms

1.reasonably/ rather/quite

2.clearly/evidently

3.to keep

4.to raise

5.to gain/obtain

6.to produce

7.to prove

8.department (university)

9.humanity

10.drugstore /chemist (英)

11.type/example/model/case 12.to enter/join

13.however/but

14.sharp/thoughtful

15.thinker/intellectual

16.to shake/tremble/shiver

17.unavoidably/certainly/

18.to suppose/presume/think/guess

19.to help/assist

20.strange/odd/unusual/queer

21.achievement/success/victory

22.special skill

Antonyms

1.unavailable

2.modestly

3.general

4.unqualified

5.uncivilized/savage

6.to unfold

7.unemployed

8.incompetence

9. insensitive

4. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below.

1) to see to it; exposed to

2) out for; succeed in

3) averages out

4) specialize in

5) stuck for

6) preside over

7) stuck for; see to it that

8) true of

9) out to; see to it that

10) have no business

5. Fill in the blanks with the right word or expression in the bracket.

1) in making; to find

2) see

3) out; of; of; for

4) to

5) by; for

6) Poor as he was; put

7) for

8) in

9) believed in; forcing

10) physicist; sensitive

6. Translate the following sentences into English.

1) It is wrong to raise our children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse. We

must expose them to all social problems because very soon they will be dealing

with them as responsible citizens.

2) As time goes on we are inevitably going to get more and more involved in

international affairs. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always exist

different views and interests between nations.

3) We are proud of our accomplishments, and we have reason to be. But we must

never become arrogant. Otherwise we will lose our friends.

4) Information is now easily available. An average computer can store the information

of a small library

5) That construction company is not qualified to handle the project. They do not have

any legal document to certify that they have the necessary expertise. We must find a company that specializes in building theatres.

6) These think tanks do not make decisions. They are out to generate new ideas and

penetrating analyses that will be extremely useful for decision makers.

7) The growth of GDP is not everything. Our country cannot be said to have been

modernized unless the quality of our people’s lives is really improved.

8) Poor as we were in many ways at that time, we were still quite happy as children,

for there was clean air, clean water, a lot of fish, crabs and eels in the rivers, lakes,

and ponds; and a lot of flowers, trees and birds in the fields.

9) Give absolute power to some individual or any particular group of people, and that

person or group are sure to abuse that power because, just as Lord Acton says,

“Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.”

10) Traditionally in our country school education was always said to be more important

and useful compared with all other pursuits.

Grammar

1.Point out how future time is expressed and what concept each future

expression conveys.

It is far more complicated to talk about the future than to talk about the present

and past. Generally, future time is expressed in these ways.

Future at Present

a)“will” as in 3): used to say something is expected to happen

“will be doing” as in 4): used to say that you are sure that something will

happen because arrangements have been made

b)“be going to”: used 2), 5) to say that something will happen quite soon or to

talk about sb’s intentions or what they have decided to do

c)“the present progressive” as in10): used to talk about something that will

happen because you have planned or arranged it

d)“the simple present” as in 9): used to say that something will definitely

happen at a particular time, especially because it has been officially arranged Future in the Past

a)“would” as in 7): used to say what you intended to do or expected to happen

b)“was/were going to” as in 1): used to say that something was expected to

happen

c)“was/were to do” as in 6), 8): used to talk about something that would

happen because it had been planned or arranged.

2.Learn to use emphasizing coordinating conjunctions.

1. Point out the grammatical form each pair of the conjunctions connects.

Emphasizing coordinating conjunctions connect parts of the sentence that have

the same grammatical form.

1)two nouns

2)two adjectives

3)two prepositional phrases

4)two infinitive phrases

5)two noun phrases

6)two noun phrases

7)two prepositional phrases

8)two prepositional phrases

2. Combine each pair of the sentences using the right emphasizing

coordinating conjunctions.

1)The province is strong both in industry and in agriculture. / The province is

not only strong in industry, but also in agriculture.

2)Relief agencies say the immediate problem is not a lack of food, but

transportation.

3)Generally, after working for the company for five years, young employees

either are promoted or leave.

4)TV programs for children should not only entertain but also teach.

5)Obviously, these children are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by

fear of failure

6)At present, it would be neither practical nor desirable to eliminate

examinations altogether.

7)Asian Americans are playing a more active role in politics than ever before,

both at local and national level.

8)My uncle believes that in our town sightseeing is best done either by tour bus

or by bicycle.

9)Wood flooring not only cleans easily, but is environmentally friendly.

10)Until I read the article I knew neither where she was brought up nor (where

she was) educated.

11)I find the new manager neither easy to get along with nor delightful to talk to.

12)Contrary to what people had expected, not only did he attend the meeting,

but he also spoke for twenty minutes.

3.Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.

(1) other (2) best (3) reason (4) mental (5) next

(6) As (7) take (8) cool (9) thinking (10) rest

4.Translate the following sentences into English.

1)The premier is leaving for New York for a UN conference tomorrow.

2)He is to meet the heads of state of several countries during his stay in New

York.

3)What are you going to do during the National Day holidays Are you going

home or staying on campus

4)— What do you think school will be like in twenty years’ time

— I think children will probably l earn at home with a mechanical teacher.

5)Thirty years ago, my grandparents never thought they would be able to move

into a two-storey house with all the modern facilities.

6)What they lack is not money but experience.

7)They have come to China not only to learn Chinese, but to learn about

Chinese culture as well.

8)What children want most from their parents are not material things but love

and attention.

9)You may either write your essay in your regular exercise book or do it on

your computer.

10)I’m not quite sure why he didn’t show up. Either he was not interested, or he

simply forgot about it.

11)A society should respect both its scientists and its garbage collectors.

12)He is miserly both with his money and with his time.

5.Identify and correct the mistakes. Note there is no mistake in two of the

sentences.

1)I will phone you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.

2)We can hardly imagine what life will be like in 50 years.

3)What are we going to do if Edith won’t help us (No mistake in this sentence.

Here “if…will” is possible when will expresses “willingness”.)

4)Please be seated, everyone. The show is about to begin. (Use “be about to do

sth” to say that something will happen almost immediately. “Will” is not used.)

5)It is predicted that in about ten years’ time, China will be able to send man to

the Moon. (“To be able to do sth” is used to say it is possible for someone or

something to do something.)

6)Drop in whenever you please. You’ll always be welcome. (Adverbs of

frequency, such as always, usually, often, sometimes, etc, usually go

immediately in front of the main verb.)

7)Neither his parents, nor his brother was able to come to his performance. (The

main verb agrees with the noun phrase introduced by nor.)

8)Both her friends and her English teacher believe she will win the talent

contest.

9)My father regards creativity both as a gift and as a skill. (Normally, the two

items connected by emphasizing coordinating conjunctions should be

expressed in the same grammatical form, here, two prepositional phrases.)

10)We can either do it now or after class—it’s up to you. (No

mistake. Though the two i tems “now” and “after class”

aren’t the same grammatical form, this is acceptable because we can regard them as condensed from “We can either do it now or do it after class.” Therefore, the two items can also be different grammatical forms serving the same grammatical function, here, both adverbials.)

又是一个新学年——为什么上大学

约翰·查尔迪

首先，给大家讲讲我教书生涯刚开始的时候经历过的一次失败吧。那是在1940年的一月。我当时研究生刚毕业，开始在堪萨斯市大学教书。我的学生当中有个瘦高个儿，活像个长着头发的扁豆架支竿，他走进课堂，坐了下来，双手在胸前交叉着，看了看我，好像在说：好吧，教我点什么吧。两个礼拜以后，我们开始讲《哈姆雷特》。又过了三个礼拜，他来到了我的办公室，双手叉腰。“我告诉你，”他说，“我到这里来是为了当个药剂师。我干吗要读这玩意”说着他用手指了指桌子上我的那本书，因为他自己没带书来。

我当时虽然是个初出茅庐的新教师，可我也能告诉这位一些理由。我可以向他指出，他进的不是一所制药学校，而是一所大学，修满大学课程他就能得到一份证书，上面写着“理学士”，而不是“合格的药剂师”。这份证书说明他接受过制药的专门训练，同时还说明，他受到过人类文明思想的熏陶。换言之，他上的不是一所职业技术学校，而是一所大学，学生上大学既要接受职业训练，也要接受人文教育。

我完全可以对他说这些话的，但是很明显，他不会在大学坚持太久，他懂不懂这些道理无关键要。

尽管如此，我当时很年轻，有很强的责任心，所以就试着这么跟他解释：“你这一辈子，每天大概平均有二十四小时。热恋的时候，一天的时间你会觉得短一点，而失恋的时候，则会长一些。但是平均起来，大致就是这个数。这其中的八个小时，你基本上是在睡觉。”

“每个工作日，你大约需要工作八小时，我希望你会用来做些有用的事情。假设你修完了制药，或者是土木工程、法律或其他什么学科的课程，那么在这八小时里，你会使用你的专业技术: 在配制阿司匹林的时候，确保里面不掺进氰化物；在搞工程设计的时候，确保牛不会跳进篱笆里；当律师时，就要确保你的委托人不会因为你的无能而上了电椅。这都是些非常有用的职业，都需要人们应该尊重的技能，这些技能都能帮你满足你的基本需求。除此之外，你的技能会换来你餐桌上的食物，让你能养活你的妻子，抚养你的子女。它们将成为你的收入来源，但愿你的收入永远够用。”

“不过，下班以后还剩下八个小时你干什么呢好吧，你回到家里，回到你的家人身边，那你怎么养育你的孩子在家里你的孩子能受到一些理智而又充满洞察力的想法的熏陶吗身为一家之主，你能让你的家人对我们伟大的民主思想有所了解吗家里面会有书吗会有一副能让一个具有一定鉴赏力的人看了不至于不寒而栗的画吗你的孩子们会有机会听听巴赫的音乐吗”

我当时大概就说了这些，但是这位老弟根本没有兴趣。“听我说，”他说，“你们教授就用你们的方法养育你们的孩子，我的孩子由我自己负责。我是来挣钱的。”

“我希望你挣得多多的，”我说，“因为除了签支票购物，你就不会知道怎么打发时间。”

十四年以后，我还在教书，今天到这里来就是要告诉你们，大学的任务并不只是提供职业训练，而是同时要让你们接触到人类最伟大的头脑迸发出来的思想。如果你没时间读莎士比亚，没时间读点基础哲学书籍，没时间了解艺术发展的过程，没时间学点和人类发展息息相关的历史课程——那你就根本没必

要上什么大学。你会逐渐变成会用点机械的野蛮人，那种只会按按钮的尼安德特人。我们的大学不可避免地会有一些这样的人毕业，但是我们不能说他们接受了大学教育，我们只能说他们走了过场——大学教育并没有让他们接触到人文思想。

没有一个人能够不经帮助就成为一个真正的人。人的一生时间十分短暂，不足以让他自己创造成为一个文明人需要知道的一切知识。

比方说，你想当一名物理学家。穿过像麻省理工学院里的那些石材大厅的时候，你会发现石墙上刻着一些科学家的名字。极有可能的是，你们当中，可能没有人，即使有也只是极个别的人能够使自己的名字刻到那些石头上去。然而，你们中间任何一个人，只要你在中学物理课上还有不打瞌睡的时候，那你的物理知识就会比过去很多伟大的学者要多。那是因为他们把他们知道的东西都留给了你，因为你能在前人的基础上起步。

人类的技术领域是如此，人类的精神资源也是如此。而这些资源，无论是技术上的，还是精神上的，大部分都储存在书本里。书本是人类特有的成就。当你看完一本书的时候，你的人生经验就增加了。你读了荷马的着作，你头脑里就会有了一些荷马的思想。通过书本，你能获得一些维吉尔、但丁、莎士比亚等伟人的思想，这些名字是不胜枚举的，一本好书必然是一件极其珍贵的礼物；它能给你展现一种你自己没有时间去过的生活；它能把你带进一个你在现实生活中不可能去旅游的世界。一个文明人的头脑，从本质上说，必须包括很多这样的生活和很多这样的世界。如果你因为活得匆忙而抽不出时间，或者对自己的局限不以为耻反以为荣，因而没有接受亚里士多德、乔叟或爱因斯坦等

人的某些思想作为你为人之道的礼物，那么你就既不是一个心智发育完全的人，也不是一个民主国家里有用的公民。

我记得好像是拉罗什富科曾经说过，如果没有读过关于爱情的文字，大多数人就永远不知道爱情是什么。他其实也可以说，人们要是没有读过怎么做人方面的书，他们永远也不知道什么是人。

我认为一所大学如果不能让你们——无论是作为专门人才，还是作为人——接触你们应该吸纳的那些伟人思想的话，那么它就不是大学，也没有存在的必要。我相信我这种说法既代表人文院校也代表理工院校的教师们的意见。大学师资队伍存在的本身，明确地表明“在我们努力使自己成为人类知识的宝库而奋斗的过程中，我们得到过很多人和很多书的帮助。我们决心尽全力使你们能接受这些伟人的思想。”

大学英语精读2 课后翻译题答案

第一单元 1.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们之间 那场争执就此结束。 Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word. 2. 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气 感到有点意外。 The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American. 3. 约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。 Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone. 4. 当全部乘客都向出口处(exit) 走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。 While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane. 5. 这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。 The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself. 6. 南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。 While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth. 7. 你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他 What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home 8. 猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下(lay) 的陷阱(trap) 方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。 The hunter’s face lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the direction of / make for the trap he had laid 第二单元 1) 会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。 It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new constitution. 2) 这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。 By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work. 3) 他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍。 It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight. 4) 委员会成员在新机场最佳选址(location) 这一问题上持有不同意见。 The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport. 5) 亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。 Henry's works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother's. 6) 我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是由于设备有所改进。 The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment. 7) 吉姆本想按照自己的判断行事，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命令。Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn't because as a soldier he had to obey the order.

新标准大学英语2Unit 4习题答案

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14) moderately 15) slightest 16) considerable 17) evaluate 18) derived 2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■Answers: 1) stands/stood a chance 2) ruled out 3) consist /consists of 4) gone through 5) in the strict sense 6) At a guess 7) earns a living 8) coincide with 9) gone in for 10) got their teeth into

现代大学英语精读第二版第三册lesson 2答案

Lesson Two How Reading Changed My Life V ocabulary 1 Translate Into Chinese 1). a work of art 一件艺术品 2). bargain basement 便宜货；廉价商品区 3)printing press 印刷（机） 4)the source of quotation 引文出处 5)literary criticism 文学批评 6)in the latter half of the century 该世纪后半叶 7) a liberal arts college 文理学院 8) a man of action 实干家，说干就干的人 9）intellectual pursuits 对知识的追求；学习与研究 10）national character 民族性格 11）domino effect 多米诺骨牌效应 12）a tool for advancement 一种提升的工具，提高（自己）的方法 13）hale and hearty (美)健壮的，矍铄的 14）the virtues of reading 阅读的益处（好处） 15）a sense of superiority 一种优越感 Into English 1) 免予恐惧be free from fear (panic) 2) 从他父亲那里继承财产to inherit property from his father 3) 和学生互动to interact with students 4) 给年轻人作榜样to set an example for the youths (to act as a model for young people) 5）对挑战作出反应to react/respond to challenges 6) 反抗压迫to rebel against oppression 7) 渴望成功to aspire to success 8) 怀疑他们的动机be suspicious of their motives 9) 认真记住历史教训commit the lessons of history to memory 10) 向这些人让步give way to these people 11）将这地区一分为二to divide this region into two parts 12) 干涉我们的内部事务to interfere with our internal affairs 13) 主修土木工程to major in civil engineering 14) 把他们从绝望中救出来to save them from despair 15) 导致经济萧条to result in economic recession/slump/depression 3.Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. 1)into, in, with, for 2)to, to, 3)of, at, up, in, against