GRE写作argument写作思路路及例文

14 The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.

"A recent study rating 300 male and female advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than six hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. On the basis of this study, we recommend that businesses hire only people who need less than six hours of sleep per night."

Study, report

↓

higher profit margins and faster growth

↓reputation

广告公司雇佣睡6h以下的主管+成功

↓

广告公司雇佣睡6h以下的主管→成功

↓

所有公司雇佣睡6小时以下的人→成功

↓

建议所有公司雇佣睡6小时以下的人

1.证言

假设：study report靠谱

反例：biased sample (下班以后调查，留在公司的人很容易工作多睡得少)；report (to leave their bosses a better image, 所以虽然睡10小时，但只报6小时)

2.因果

反例：wildest imagination, interesting designs, hired a new manager who is an expert in team work, employees hard-working, 因为公司本身成功，所以multiple tasks 所以睡得少

3.类比

假设：people deal with with similar tasks

反例：广告公司雇佣睡得少的主管可以，反正也是work in the office; In factories, fatigue sleep deprivation on-the-job accidents 对于工厂工人就不行

132

The following appeared in a letter to the school board in the town of Centerville. "All students should be required to take the driver's education course at Centerville High School. In the past two years, several accidents in and around Centerville have involved teenage drivers. Since a number of parents in Centerville have complained that they are too busy to teach their teenagers to drive, some other instruction is necessary to ensure that these teenagers are safe drivers. Although there are two driving schools in Centerville, parents on a tight budget cannot afford to pay for driving instruction. Therefore an effective and mandatory program sponsored by the high school is the only solution to this serious problem."

The author concludes that the CHS should take the driver’s education course for teenagers. Her conclusion mainly based on …her argument relies on unsound assumptions which can undermine her reasoning.

To begin with, the author mentions that there were accidents happened in and around C which involved teenage drivers recently, so the author claims that students in CHS led to these accidents. Obviously, the author unwarrantedly assumes that the students in these accidents were from CHS and they were responsible for these accidents. Although the accidents involved teenagers, they may not be the students from CHS, but those from other cities. It is highly likely that the C city has a lot of interesting places which attract many people including teenagers. And these teenagers rather than CHS students are involved in the accidents. Furthermore, probably the accidents are not due to the teenagers but adults drivers. Usually the teenagers obey the traffic rules strictly while the adults drive after heavily drinking. Therefore, according to her problematic assumptions, the author cannot conclude that CHS student caused the accidents.

Furthermore，the author refers to the fact that parents in C said that they have no time to teach their children to drive, and then rushes to conclude that it is necessary for CHS to teach students to drive. The author has wrong turning when she assumes that these parents’words are representative and that the school has to teach students driving if the parents are busy. Probably, there are only few of the parents who complain that their spare time is not enough to teach driving. Besides, although the parents have no tome to do, it is not necessary for CHS to do. As we all know, the main work for school is to teach students knowledge, there is no responsibility to teach students others, such as driving. Therefore, if the author cannot provide further evidence, this argument is full of loopholes.

Finally, the author mentions that there are two driving school in C city and the parents whose budgets are tight might be unable to afford the expensive tuition, concluding that the CSH should open the driving lessons. Clearly, the author unwarrantedly assumes that the school has to teach driving if the parents cannot afford the tuitions. It is possible that the parents who cannot afford the driving lessons may also have no ability to afford a car. So it is also not necessary for their children to learn driving when they are teenagers, and if they have learnt how to drive, they may

not have opportunities to drive cars in their daily life, which means that there is no use for them to take driving lessons now. Without offering other evidence related to this argument, the author cannot conclude that the CHS should teach students driving.

1.0

2.0

C高开驾驶课→培养安全的青少年司机+需+无替代1,2

↓

建议C高开驾驶课

假设：可行

反例：没钱；没地儿；没人

假设：驾驶课是有效的

反例：即使set up the driving course, 人们也不enroll in it, 即使enroll in it, 也skip the classes, 或者上课的时候不走心

1.C市和附近有涉及青少年司机的事故

↓

需要培养安全的青少年司机

假设：这些事故涉及的都是C高学生；C 高学生shoulder the responsibility of/ be responsible for

反例：C市和附近的事故，不是我们C高学生的；青少年司机and their behaviors have not led to these accidents

2.家长抱怨太忙没空教小孩开车

↓

学校要教

假设：representative; 家长没空做学校就得做

反例：就是几个人一直在抱怨；即使家长没空做，学校也不用做，因为他的主要任务是academic instructions, ensure that the high school students can be admitted to top universities

3.家长没钱给小孩报驾驶课

↓

学校要教

假设：高中生普遍开车上学

反例：没钱报驾驶课的家长根本不会给小孩买车

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英语考试作文-【作文分析】GRE写作Argument高分范文用法真题实例讲解

英语考试作文 【作文分析】GRE写作Argument高分范文用 法真题实例讲解 GRE考试中，考生最不容易把握的一个部分可能就是作文了。虽然GRE官方公开了作文题库，但想要全部练习一遍花费时间精力太多并不现实，也无法确保高分。更好的提分做法无疑就是看官方范文练写作。不过，即使如此范文在使用上也是有注意事项的，错误使用只会适得其反，下面就为大家具体介绍GRE写作Argument作文的高分范文用法。GRE作文避免扣分词汇语法要过关 GRE写作Argument高分范文真题实例分析 真题实例 The following appeared as part of an article in a daily newspaper: “Most companies would agree that as the risk of physical injury occurring on the job increases, the wages paid to employees should also increase. Hence it makes financial sense for employers to make the workplace safer: they could thus reduce their payroll expenses and save money.”

Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument. In your discussion be sure to analyze the line of reasoning and the use of evidence in the argument. For example, you may need to consider what questionable assumptions underlie the thinking and what alternative explanations or counterexamples might weaken the conclusion. You can also discuss what sort of evidence would strengthen or refute the argument, what changes in the argument would make it more logically sound, and what, if anything, would help you better evaluate its conclusion. 高分范文 This argument states that it makes financial sense for employers to make the workplace safer because by making the workplace safer then lower wages could be paid to employees. This conclusion is based on the premise that as the list of physical injury increases, the wages paid to employees should also increase. However, there are several assumptions that may not necessarily apply to this argument. For example, the costs associated with making the workplace safe must outweigh the increased payroll expenses due to hazardous conditions. Also, one must look at the plausability of improving the work environment. And finally, because most companies agree that

GRE作文Argument万能模板

In this argument，the author concludes/recommends that ….To support this conclusion/recommendation,the author points out/cites ….In addition/On the basis of this,the author also cites that ….This argument suffers from several critical/logical flaws,which render it unconvincing as it stands. / However,close scrutiny of the argument reveals several logical problems,which render it unconvincing as it stands. PE(paragraph ending)：Lacking clearer evidence that …,the author cannot expect us to take seriously the claim/convince me that … Without addressing this issue/ considering other factors that might contribute to …/ruling out such/other possibilities/explanations/accounting for …,the author cannot justifiably conclude that …/ justify the claim/convince me that …/make any sound recommendation to … In short,the author must provide some evidence of …before I can accept the author’s final conclusion that … (接Perhaps …)If so,this fact/Either scenario/Any of these scenarios,if ture, would significantly/seriously undermine/weaken (the arguer’s contention /conclusion that) … 正1→小样本、代表性、随机性、权威性 (1)A threshold problem with the argument invloves the statistical reliability of the survey because the size of the sample is too small to be sufficient.Also,the sample might be unrepresentative of …as a whole.Without a sufficiently representative sample,the author cannot draw any conclusion whatsoever on the basis of the study.（小样本、代表性） (2) …are rarely sufficient to establish a general conclusion. From the survey quoted in this argument,we find no sign of such procedures for random samplings and have good reasons to doubt if the sample is representative enough to reflect the general situation as a whole.Besides, …provides no information about what percentage of …responded to the surveys.The lower the percentage,the less reliable the results of the surveys/study’s conclusion.（随机性、代表性） 结尾总结用To better evaluate the reliability of the study upon which the author’s conclusion depends,I would need more information about the size/randomness of the study’s sample. 正2→对比试验 The author provides no information concerning/omits to inform us about A,B,C and D.It is impossible to conclude without comparing the two groups subjects.For example, ….Without evidence of the study’s methodological (and statistical) reliability, the author cannot rely on the study to draw any firm conclusion. 正3→错误因果、错误假设