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翻译练习

翻译练习
翻译练习

翻译

I.用增词法将下列各句译成汉语

1.His eyes were ringed in red.

2.This practice had been carried down through the years.

3.The problem is physiological rather than psychological.

4.Electronic computers with many advantages can not carry out creative work and replace man.

5.The teacher finds that students who were easy to teach, because they succeeded in putting

everything they had been taught into practice are now puzzled.

6.Had it not been for the rain, we should have arrived earlier.

7.The professor whom we are going to visit is famous both home and abroad.

8.The old man was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair.

9.This requires care, and for difficult problems, great experience.

10.Satellites, however, must be closely watched, for they are constantly being tugged at by the

gravitational attraction of the sun, moon and earth.

II.用省略法将下列各句译成汉语。

1.It is difficult to make him realize the truth.

2.It seems clear that the human body is equipped to overlook the need for sleep so as to meet the

emergencies without doing any harm to it.

3.It is not wrong to enjoy your work and your leisure when you can afford to support yourself.

4.The worker, who had carefully read through the instruction before running the new machine,

couldn’t produce satisfactory products.

5.I wish to write an article that will attract public attention to the moral education.

6.That was how they were defeated by us.

7.The meeting generally lasted from ten days to fortnight, of even three weeks.

8.He was smooth and agreeable to meet.

9.Thermoplastic plastics become soft if they are heated.

10.I am not a poet. I couldn’t write a single line to depict her beauty.

III.用转译法译下列各句。

1.The main reason is the growing complexity and widening scope of present-day research.

2.Suddenly, I felt a gentle touch on my shoulder and turned around.

3.When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and

humor.

4.There is an increase in demand for all kinds of consumer goods in every part of our country.

5.You can’t think how angry your mother was at the news then.

6.The ease with which he lifted up the huge stone quite surprised us.

7.The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match the growth in population.

8.She promptly shepherded them out of the crowded office and into the privacy of the library.

9.yet all of history has taught us that ht denial of these ultimate results in a paralyzing mass

selfishness.

10.We realized the growing need and necessity to industrialize certain sectors of the economy.

IV.将下列用正反译法将下列各句译成汉语。

1.But that is very extraordinary. It seems against nature.

2.They were all excited, so now I had to put on the calm act to prevent my worry from speaking.

3.Generally, she accepted the family life in all its crowded inadequacy.

4.They were suspicious and resentful of their parents.

5.The next species of intelligent life on the earth will be a creature like ourselves but with a very

large head and weak muscles.

6.One ought to be able to carry out one’s own things by oneself.

7.Our people are fearless and dependable people.

8.The officers distributed papers requiring citizens to conserve water.

9.Supposing that it rained, we would postpone the football match.

10.Since this experiment failed, we are back to square one.

V.用顺译法,逆译法,合译法及分译法将下列各句译成汉语。

1.If the other components in the system do not deliver equally high performance, the benefits of the

linear motor will be lost.

2.People become desperate for work, which will help them to keep alive their families.

3.We should genuinely commend these kids for their accomplishments, but some of them may be

setting their aspiration so high that it could be a built-in road to failure.

4.We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much money would be required.

5.Team confidence is built on a policy of openness and awareness of all the problems that all affect

the final product.

6.In many cultures people who were thought to have the ability to interpret dreams were likely to be

highly respected.

7. A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat.

8.The businessman, who had long been interested in fame, was flattered.

9.There are some people who won’t leave home in the morning without an umbrella.

10.There is just the same kind of difference between the mental operation of a man of science and

those of an ordinary person as there is between the operations and the methods of a baker or a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graduated weights.

11.Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished

from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequately supply.

12.The late 1960’s offered case after agonizing case of brash young go-go entrepreneurs who put

together glittering conglomerates they had no idea how to manage.

13.The happiest men and women, as we can all testify from our own experience, are those who are

indifferent to money because they have some positive purpose which shuts it out.

14.We are entering a period in which the need for a more competitive, more productive work force is

finding expression in the humanistic values of trust, freedom and respect for the individual.

15.As an alternative, Ellison had been pushing hard---not that he could do it any other way----for a

new generation of inexpensive and easy to use network computers, the so-called NCs.

练习

Passage 1

Retirement from work is a dream to some, a nightmare to others. Many people think that they will enjoy their time in retirement, but when it comes it may fail to satisfy, at least after an initial “honey moon” period. Others are luckier----they have prepared themselves for the change in their lives or they may be temperamentally suited to retirement. Someone, tired out after all exhausting yet satisfying life revolving around work, are anxious to relax in retirement with all the strains relieved; (1) others resent the prospect of being “put on the scrap heap (废物堆)” and seek alternative outlets for their energies and alternative sources of satisfaction or income that employment provided.

(2) It is possible to glean (收集) from the available research findings a number of clues to explain some of the difference in attitude, though the conclusions are not always consistent. Jacobson notes that earlier

investigators found that female workers tended to have a more favorable attitude towards retirement than male workers. It was thought that withdrawal from employment to complete domesticity (家庭生活) did not have the same profound significance, and was a far less threatening experience, for older women than it was for men. However, Jacobson’s own inquiry among industrial workers in their 50s showed that the women tended to view retirement less favorably than did the men. Only 1 percent of the women, as against 62 percent of the men, preferred to retire at the pensionable age.(3) About 63 percent of the total sample would have opted to continue work on a part-time basis had it been feasible in their firms. Jacobson remarked that for both sexes a favorable orientation towards retirement appeared to reflect constrains or resignation rather than choice. Primarily, retirement was associated with awareness of a declining state of health, with tiredness and with the stains and pressures of the work situation. Positive expectations of retirement seem at best to fulfill a secondary or supportive role. Reluctance among men to retire was associated with anticipated deprivations, mainly of money rather than of attachment to work. (4) Among women, on the other hand, work-based friendships were the main reasons for not wanting to retire.

Passage 2

As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.

(1)Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it, in fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. (2) It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever from, we react both chemically and physically. (3) In fact we make choice between “flight” or “fight” and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crisis we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress form our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.

Passage 3

The standardized educational or psychological tests that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress. (1) The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention form the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user.

All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance: school grades, research productivity, sales records, or whatever is appropriated. (2)How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and in the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.

Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, objective method of

getting some kinds of information about what a person learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is. The information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. (3) Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.

(4) In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted can not be well defined. Properly used, they provide a rapid means of getting comparable information about many people. Sometimes they identify students whose high potential has not been previously recognized, but there are many things they do not do. (5) For example , they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an under-privileged youngster might have been had the grown up under more favorable circumstances.

Passage 4

(1)How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that latter they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters we call words.

(2)The power of words, then lies in their associations---the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filed with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words result to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of word that mean something to us increases.

(3)Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.

Passage 5

(1)At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the ice Age and, until recent times, unknown to man. (2) It is a great land mass with mountains ranges whose extent and elevation are still uncertain. Much of the continent is a complete blank on our maps. Man has explored, on foot, less than one percent of its area.

Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean, covered with drifting packed ice and hemmed in by land masses of Europe, Asia, and North America. (3) The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined, centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world----the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.

The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its center; thus, the air over the Antarctic is far more refrigerated than it is over the Arctic regions. (4) This cold air current from the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and renders unlivable those regions whose counterparts at the opposite end of the globe are inhabited. Thus, more than a million persons live within 2,000 miles of the north Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia----a region rich in forest and mining industries. Apart from a handful of weather stations, within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree, industry, or settlement.

One of the earliest and fastest growing application of space technology is the communication satellite, which relays wide-band radio and television signals between widely separated geographical points. (1) Prior to the advent of the technology, elaborate and costly chains of microwave towers were the sole practical means for passing the line-of-sight radio and TV signals over the curvature (弯曲) of the earth. In this process, signal quality is degraded at each relay point, channel capacity is severely limited and acute scheduling problems are encountered because it is not feasible to relay more than one program at a time to distant point. Moreover, there is no way to bridge oceans with wide-band signals by means of microwave relay. (2) Distant points like Alaska and Hawaii could not share the television services enjoyed on the continental mainland d of the United States as long as terrestrial microwave was the sole means of wide-band communication.

The communications satellite has changed all this. The U.S. public television network has leased (租借) relay capacity in a commercial satellite, Western Union’s WESTAR, and 149 of its 163 member stations are building 10-meter receiving antennas to accept educational and other programs from a central originating station located near Washington, D.C. When the antennas are all in place by the end of this year, the public network will abandon ground microwave and relay exclusively upon the space like. Two years later, the public radio network will be similarly interconnected by means of smaller (4.5 meters) receiving antennas.

The shift to the communications satellite will sharply increase the capacity and flexibility of the public network to carry educational and other material. (3) Previously limited to the relay of a single television channel at one time, the network will now be able to disseminate(散布)four instructional programs simultaneously by satellite. Member stations will be able to select any two of the programs, one for immediate use and one that can be recorded for later use. (4) This will substantially relieve the scheduling problems which limited the flexibility of the public broadcasting network when it was dependent upon ground microwave relay.

Passage 7

(1)Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit” in society.As we go about out everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.

The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. (2) Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.

A status has been compared to ready-made-clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume(服装) of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook (钱包). (3) Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.

(1)Under normal conditions the act of communication requires the presence of at least two persons: one who sends and one receives the communication. In order to communicate thoughts and feelings, there must be a conventional system of signs or symbols which mean the same to the sender and the receiver.

(2)The means of sending communications are too numerous and varied for systematic classification: therefore, the analysis must begin with the means of receiving communication. Reception of communication is achieved by our senses. Sight, hearing, and touch play the most important roles. Smell and taste play very limited roles. For they cannot receive intellectual expression from fully developed systems of signs and symbols.

Examples of visual communication are gesture and mimicry. Although both frequently accompany speech, there are systems that rely solely on sight, such as those used by deaf and dumb persons. Another means of communicating visually is by signal of fire, smoke, flags, or flashing lights. Feelings may be simply communicated by touch, such as by handshaking or backslapping, although a highly developed system of handstroking has enabled blind, deaf, and dumb persons to communicate intelligently. Whistling to someone, applauding in a theater and other forms of communication by sound rely upon the ear as a receiver. The most fully developed form of auditory communication is, of course, the spoken language.

(3)The means of communication mentioned so far have two features in common: they last only a short time, and the persons involved must be relatively close to each other. Therefore, all are restricted in time and space.

Passage 9

The United States is at once a very new nation and a very old nation.(1) It is a new nation compared with many other countries, and it is new, too, in the sense that it is constantly being renewed by the addition of new elements of population and of new states. But in other senses it is old. It is the oldest of the “new” nations---the first one to be made out of an Old World colony. It has the oldest written constitution, the oldest continuous federal system, and the oldest practice of self-government of any nation.

One of the most interesting features of America’s youth is that the whole of its history belongs in the period since the invention of the printing press. (2) The whole of its history is, therefore, recorded; indeed, it is safe to say that no other major nation has so comprehensive a record of its history as has the United States, for events such as those that lost in the legendary past of Italy of France of England are part of the printed record of the United States. And the American record is not only comprehensive; it is immense. It embraces not only the record of the colonial era and of the network of relationships between States and Nation. (3) Thus, to take a very elementary example, the reports of the United States Supreme Court fill some 250 volumes, and the reports of some States are almost equally voluminous: the reader who wants to trace the history of law in American is confronted with over 5,000 stout volumes of legal cases.

Passage 10

(1)Most people would agree that, although our age exceeds all previous in knowledge, there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom. But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define “wisdom” and consider means of promoting it.

There are several factors that contribute to wisdom. Of these I should put first a sense of proportion: the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each is due weight. This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians. Suppose, for example, that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine. The work is difficult and is likely to absorb he whole of your mind. You have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of

medicine. You succeed (let us say) as modern medicine has succeeded, in enormously lowering the infant death-rate, not only in Europe and America, but also in Asia and Africa. This had the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations. (2) To take an even more dramatic examp le, which is everybody’s mind at the present time; you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested (无利害关系的)desire for knowledge, and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race.

(3) Therefore, with every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom becomes more necessary, for every such increase augments our capacity for realizing our purposes, and therefore augments our capacity for evil, if our purposes are unwise.

大学英语四级新题型模拟训练(翻译)

大学英语四级新题型模拟训练(翻译) 1. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back ____________________________(主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的). 2. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and ___________________________ (超过250万的家庭已经摆脱贫困). 3. _____________________________________________ (除主席之外的所有董事会成员都投票赞成我的建议)to set up a branch office in the suburbs. 4. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are ________________ (为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇). 5. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before._________________________________(发达国家尤为如此). 1. mainly due to stress and tension in their work 2. more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty 3. All the board members except the Chairman voted for my proposal 4. providing new growth opportunities for China's foreign and domestic trade 5. This is especially true of developed countries 【

英汉翻译课外实践材料 (带译文)

请大家准备一个练习本,在课外自己进行翻译练习. 一共有26条练习内容,大家至少应完成13条练习.虽然课堂上不会对这些材料进行讲解,但期末考试会有50分出自这些练习材料哦! 英汉翻译: 1. Translation Practice: 从理解的角度改进下列英语句子的汉语译文: (1) I will teach him to deceive others. 我要教训他一顿,看他还敢不敢欺骗他人。 (2) This thesis leaves much to be desired. 这篇论文有很多地方可以改进。 (3) A measure of calm gave signs of returning after the flood subsided. 洪水退去后,稍有恢复平静的迹象。 (4) We cannot ignore our neighbors; only at our peril can we ignore their distress.我们不能不顾及我们的邻邦:不顾及它们的安危,我们就只能陷入自身难保的境地。 (5) “It’s a gloomy thing, however, to talk about one’s own past, with the day breaking. Turn me in some other direction before I go.”不过,在天亮前谈个人的往事,真扫兴。在我离开以前,谈点别的吧。 (6) The German invaders slaughtered the innocent civilians of the city to a man. Such atrocities were blamed throughout the world.德国侵略者屠杀了该城的无辜平民,无一幸免.这样的残暴行为遭到了全世界人民的谴责。 2. Translation Practice: 从表达的角度改进下面句子的汉语译文: (1) In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colours. :门口放着一堆雨伞,少说有十二把,五颜六色,大小不一. (2) The study had three windows, set with little, old-fashioned panes of glass, each with a crack across it.书房里有三扇窗,每扇镶嵌的都是旧式的小块玻璃,玻璃上都已有裂痕。 (3) They were discussing this question, and were almost building up some weak structure of hope on his prolonged absence, when they heard him on the stairs.他们讨论着这个问题,并且对他迟迟不回,几乎产生了一线希望,这时突然听见他上楼的脚步声。 (4) The mountain to the north has a steel-blue light on it, and to the west the sky still holds something of the darkness of the night.北边的山岭披上了铁灰色的素装。,西边的天空还残留着朦胧的夜色。 (5) He used poetry as a medium for writing in prose.他用诗一般的语言来写散文。 3. Translation Practice: 1) A caller to the broadcasting station claimed responsibility for the bombing.有 人打电话给广播电台,宣称对这次爆炸事件负责。 2)Throughout centuries London has claimed to be the foremost city of the world. 几个世纪以来,伦敦堪称世界一流城市。 3)Oxford claims a large share in the making of England.牛津大学对英国的发 展贡献很大

新英语四级翻译模拟训练附答案(20)

最牛英语口语培训模式:躺在家里练口语,全程外教一对一,三个月畅谈无阻! 洛基英语,免费体验全部在线一对一课程:https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8516353506.html,/ielts/xd.html(报名网址) 1: The truck driver is __________________________________(对这起交通事故负全责). 2:In the court, the defendant ____________________________(声称自己是清白的). 3:Unemployed, John ________________________________(几乎无法维持生计). 4:________________________________(中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先) use nuclear weapons. 5:___________________________(要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first. 答案: 1: The truck driver is _ responsible for the transportation accident. _( 对这起交通事故负全责). 2:In the court, the defendant _ claims himself innocent _( 声称自己是清白的). 3:Unemployed, John _ nearly couldn’t live on himself _( 几乎无法维持生计). 4:_ Chinese Government declares that under no circumstance will China _( 中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先) use nuclear weapons. 5:_ If you want to be respected by others _( 要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first. 1.The club __________ (采用一套新的制度)concerning its membership. 2.My parents are ________ (不同意)our picnic plan. 3.The swimmer caught in the whirlpool__________ (挣扎着避免溺水. ) 4.The carpet was __________ (固定在地板上)with tacks. 5. ( 2 天了都没有走出沙漠,又没有水喝)__________his thirst was unquenchable. 答案: 1.dopted a new set of rules 2.averse to 3.struggled to keep from drowning 4.fastened to the floor 5.Having been in the desert without water for two days 1. (只要看一眼这封信)____________ ,will convince you that you have been taken in. 2. Please don’t stand in the kitchen, you’re________________ (挡路了). 3. ________ (如果暴露在空气中), iron will react with the oxygen of the air. 4. ________ (对听到的事情感到震惊), he placed both his hands on his mouth. 5. We’d better struggle for the future ________ (而不是为过去而懊悔). 答案:

三年级 翻译练习

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