Carbon supported Pt–Pd
Carbon supported Pt–Pd alloy as an ethanol tolerant oxygen reduction electrocatalyst for direct ethanol fuel cells
T.Lopes a ,E.Antolini a ,b ,*,E.R.Gonzalez a
a Instituto de Qu?′mica de Sa ?o Carlos,USP,C.P.780,Sa ?o Carlos,SP 13560-970,Brazil
b
Scuola di Scienza dei Materiali,Chemistry,Via 25aprile 22,16016,Cogoleto,Genova,Italy
a r t i c l e i n f o
Article history:
Received 5December 2007Received in revised form 22March 2008Accepted 2May 2008
Available online 16September 2008Keywords:
Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFC)Electrocatalyst Platinum Palladium Oxygen reduction
a b s t r a c t
A carbon supported Pt–Pd catalyst with a Pt:Pd atomic ratio 77:23was prepared by reduction of metal precursors with formic acid and characterized by EDX,XRD and XPS techniques.A decrease of the lattice parameter compared with that of pure Pt was observed,indicating the formation of a Pt–Pd alloy.Tests in H 2SO 4solution in the absence of ethanol showed that the Pd-containing is slightly more active than pure Pt for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).In the presence of ethanol a larger increase in over-potential of the ORR on pure Pt than that on Pt–Pd was found,indicating a higher ethanol tolerance of the binary catalyst.The enhanced performance at 90 C of the direct ethanol fuel cell with Pt–Pd/C as cathode material con?rmed the results of half cell tests,and was essentially ascribed to a reduced ethanol adsorption on Pt–Pd.
a2008International Association for Hydrogen Energy.Published by Elsevier Ltd.All rights
reserved.
1.Introduction
Ethanol is an attractive liquid fuel for direct alcohol fuelled systems.It is the major renewable biofuel obtained from the fermentation of biomass,and ethanol is less toxic than methanol.Wang et al.[1]compared the performance of fuel cells operating on various methanol-alternative fuels.They found that ethanol is a promising alternative fuel with an electrochemical activity comparable to that of methanol.
In the direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC),the ethanol fed to the anode compartment can permeate through the electro-lyte to the cathode,similar to what happens in the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC),i.e.methanol crossover.Song et al.[2]found that the ethanol permeated to the cathode exhibited a less serious effect on the cell performance compared to methanol because of both its smaller perme-ability through the Na?on òmembrane and its slower
electrochemical oxidation kinetics on the Pt/C cathode.The in?uence of ethanol crossover on the DEFC performance,however,is not negligible [3,4].The effect of the ethanol concentration and the operating temperature on the ethanol crossover rate was investigated by Andreadis and Tsiakaras [3].They found that the ethanol crossover rate dependence on the ethanol feed concentration is an almost linear func-tion presenting a maximum at about [CH 3CH 2OH]?10M.They observed also that the ethanol crossover rate increases as the temperature increases and the apparent activation energy is about 4kcal/mol indicating the physical nature of the crossover process.As reported by Song et al.[4],the method of preparation of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA)also affects the ethanol crossover.Rousseau et al.[5]evaluated the crossover of ethanol during the DEFC opera-tion from the amount of reaction products of ethanol oxidation.For Na?on ò115and 112membranes,the evaluated
*Corresponding author .Scuola di Scienza dei Materiali,Via 25aprile 22,16016,Cogoleto,Genova,Italy.E-mail address:ermantol@libero.it (E.
Antolini).
A v a i l a b l e a t w w w.s c i e n c e d i r e c t.c o m
j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e :w w w.e l s e v i e r.c o m /l o c a t e /h e
0360-3199/$–see front matter a2008International Association for Hydrogen Energy.Published by Elsevier Ltd.All rights reserved.doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.05.030
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crossover rates at20 C and[CH3CH2OH]?1M were 8.66?10à8and13?10à8mol cmà2sà1,respectively.
Another main objective in the development of DEFCs is the achievement of anode catalysts with high activity for ethanol oxidation[6]and,due to the low activity of Pt for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),research on cathode catalysts alternative to pure Pt are also in progress.The requirements of a suitable cathode material for the DEFC are an improved ORR activity and an ethanol tolerance higher than pure Pt.The alloys of transition metals,such as V,Cr,Co,Ti and Ni,with platinum have been found to exhibit signi?cantly higher electrocatalytic activities towards the oxygen reduction reac-tion than platinum alone in low temperature fuel cells[7–16]. These Pt–M alloy electrocatalysts improve both the perfor-mance and the resistance to sintering and coalescence of the nanoparticles under the operating conditions of the phos-phoric acid and proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Many papers were devoted to the research of platinum based methanol tolerant cathodes for DMFCs,as reported by Antolini et al.in a recent review[17].The negative effect of methanol crossover on cell performance is mitigated by using Pt-based binary catalysts[17].Higher methanol tolerance is reported in the literature for non-noble metal electrocatalysts based on chalcogenides[18–20]and macrocycles of transition metals[21,22].These electrocatalysts have shown nearly the same activity for the ORR in the absence as well as in the presence of methanol.However in methanol free elec-trolytes,these materials did not reach the catalytic activity of dispersed platinum.
Conversely,few works were addressed to the development of ethanol tolerant oxygen reduction catalysts for DEFCs. Savadogo and Rodriguez-Varela studied the catalytic activity of carbon supported Ru[23]and unsupported Pd and Pd–Co [24]catalysts for the ORR in an acid medium with and without ethanol.They found that these catalysts have a high tolerance to ethanol;their ORR activity in the absence of ethanol, however,was considerably lower than that of Pt.In our previous work[25],a single direct ethanol fuel cell with Pt–Co/ C as cathode catalyst performed better than the cell with Pt/C.
Recent works showed that the addition of Pd to Pt increases the ORR activity of platinum[26–28]and that the depen-dence of the ORR activity on the Pd content goes through a maximum.Li et al.[26]prepared Pt–Pd/C(Pt:Pd?3:1and1:1) and Pt/C catalysts by a modi?ed polyol method.They found that the catalytic activity for the ORR of Pt–Pd/C in the Pt:Pd atomic ratio3:1is improved compared with that of Pt/C or Pt–Pd/C(1:1).They found that O2is more readily adsorbed and easily dissociated on the Pd-modi?ed Pt surface.According to the authors,this result mainly originates from the weakening of the O–O bond on Pd-modi?ed Pt clusters.Ye and Crooks [27]prepared Pt–Pd bimetallic nanoparticles containing an average of180atoms and composed of seven different Pt:Pd ratios within sixth-generation,hydroxyl-terminated, poly(amidoamine)dendrimers.Cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk voltammetry measurements showed that the Pt:Pd ratio of the nanoparticles determines their ef?ciency for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).The maximum activity for the ORR occurs at a Pt:Pd ratio of5:1,which corresponds to a relative mass activity enhancement of 2.4compared to otherwise identical monometallic Pt nanoparticles.Finally,Xu and Lin[28]found that an electrodeposited Pt–Pd(9:1)catalyst presents signi?cantly higher stability and catalytic activity for both the methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)and the ORR than the corresponding electrodeposited Pt.
On this basis,a carbon supported Pt–Pd catalyst was prepared by reduction of metal precursors with formic acid. This synthesis method was successfully used to prepare carbon supported Pt–Sn alloy catalysts[29].In a previous work carried out in our laboratory on a Pt–Pd/C catalyst with a Pt:Pd atomic ratio9:1[30],it was found that this Pd-containing catalyst has higher ethanol tolerance than Pt/C under ORR operation.Moreover,a single DEFC with Pt–Pd(9:1)catalyst as cathode material presented better performance than that with Pt.Preliminary results indicated that a DEFC with a Pt–Pd/C catalyst with Pt:Pd atomic ratio3:1as cathode mate-rial performs better than that with Pt–Pd/C(9:1).On this basis we selected to focus this work on the properties of Pt–Pd/C (3:1)as oxygen reduction,ethanol tolerant catalyst for DEFCs.
2.Experimental
2.1.Catalyst preparation
A carbon supported Pt–Pd catalyst with nominal Pt:Pd atomic ratio75:25was prepared by reduction of metal precursors with formic acid.An appropriate amount of carbon powder (Vulcan XC-72,Cabot,240m2gà1)was suspended in2M for-mic acid solution and the suspension heated to80 C.Chlor-oplatinic acid(H2PtCl6$6H2O,Johnson Matthey)solution and a palladium chloride(PdCl2$2H2O,MERCK)solution were slowly added to the carbon suspension.The suspension was left to cool at room temperature and the solid?ltered and dried in an oven at80 C for1h.The material was20wt.% metal(PttPd)on carbon.
2.2.Characterization of the catalyst
The atomic ratio of the Pt–Pd/C catalyst was determined by the EDX technique coupled to a scanning electron microscope LEO Mod.440with a silicon detector with Be window and applying20keV.
X-ray diffractograms of the catalysts were obtained at the D12A-XRD1beam line of the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory.Scans were done for2q values between20and 100 .The lattice parameters were obtained by re?ning the unit cell dimensions by the least squares method[31].
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)experiments were carried out using a conventional Al-K a radiation(1486.6eV), in an ultrahigh vacuum system at a base pressure of 1?10à10mbar,using a VSW HA100analyzer operated in the ?xed analyzer transmission mode with a pass energy of 58.7eV.
2.3.Electrochemical measurements
In order to test the electrochemical behavior in sulphuric acid solution(with and without ethanol),the electrocatalysts were used to make gas diffusion electrodes(GDE).A diffusion layer was made with carbon powder(Vulcan XC-72)and15wt.%
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polytetra?uoroethylene(PTFE)and applied over a carbon cloth (PWB-3,Stackpole).On top of this layer,the electrocatalyst was applied in the form of a homogeneous dispersion of Pt–Pd/C or Pt/C,Na?onòsolution(5wt.%,Aldrich)and iso-propanol(Merck).All electrodes were made to contain1mg Pt cmà2.
The oxidation of ethanol on Pt–Pd/C and Pt/C was tested in a direct ethanol fuel cell system fed with a1M ethanol solu-tion at the anode.Hydrogen was supplied to the cathode, which operated simultaneously as auxiliary and reference electrode.The experiments were done at room temperature, 40and90 C with a1285A Solartron Potentiostat connected to a personal computer and using the software CorrWare for Windows(Scribner).
For the DEFC studies,the electrodes were hot pressed on both sides of a Na?onò115membrane at125 C and 50kg cmà2for2min.The Na?onòmembranes were pre-treated with a3wt.%solution of H2O2,washed and then treated with a0.5M solution of H2SO4.The geometric area of the electrodes was4.6cm2,and the anode materials were 20wt.%Pt/C and PtRu/C(1:1)from E-TEK.The cell polarization data at60 C/1atm and90 C/3atm O2pressure were obtained by circulating a1M aqueous ethanol solution at the anode.
3.Results and discussion
In this work the characteristics and the catalytic activity of the Pt–Pd/C catalyst were compared with those of a commercial Pt/C catalyst by E-TEK.
3.1.Characterization of the Pt–Pd catalyst
The Pt:Pd atomic ratio,determined by EDX measurements on
several different regions of the carbon supported Pt–Pd parti-cles,was77:23,near the same as the nominal composition. The metal loading was20wt.%.
The XRD patterns of the carbon supported Pt–Pd and the commercial Pt/C from E-TEK are shown in Fig.1a.The XRD patterns of both catalysts show the characteristic peaks of the face-centered cubic(fcc)crystalline Pt.These diffraction peaks are slightly shifted to higher2q values in the Pt–Pd catalyst with respect to the corresponding peaks in the pure Pt cata-lyst.Detailed Pt and Pt–Pd(311)peaks are shown in Fig.1b.The shift of the peaks to higher angles reveals the alloy formation between Pt and Pd,which is caused by the incorporation of Pd in the fcc structure of Pt.The lattice parameter of the Pt–Pd alloy,calculated from the(311)peak was0.3908nm,between those of pure fcc Pt(a0?0.3923nm)and pure fcc Pd (a0?0.3890nm).No peaks of metallic Pd or Pd oxides were detected in the Pt–Pd catalyst,but their presence cannot be discarded because they may be present in a very small particle size or even in an amorphous form.
The average size of the Pt and Pt–Pd alloy crystallites was estimated using Scherrer’s equation d?0.94k1/B(2)cos q, where d is the average crystallite size,k1the wavelength of the X-ray radiation(0.15406nm),q the angle of the(220)peak,and B(2)is the width in radians of the diffraction peak at half height.The calculated average crystallite sizes were2.8and 3.4nm for Pt and Pt–Pd,respectively.
Fig.2shows the XPS Pt4f spectra of the Pt/C and Pt–Pd/C catalysts.Unlike the result of Xu and Lin[28],which observed a slight shift of the Pt4f peak towards lower angles,a slight shift of the Pt4f7/2peak towards higher angles by0.12eV was observed for the Pt–Pd/C catalyst.This shift could be related to different oxidation states of platinum,to metal–metal inter-action,to platinum–carbon interactions,or to small cluster-size effects.The Pt4f spectra of Pt–Pd/C and Pt/C catalysts were deconvoluted into three doublets of the same
binding Fig.1–(a)XRD patterns of the in-house prepared Pt–Pd/C and of Pt/C from E-TEK catalysts,(b)Detail of the fcc(311)
peak.
Fig.2–Pt4f XPS spectra of Pt–Pd/C and Pt/C catalysts.
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energy(same components)and intensity(same amount), indicating a substantially absence of different Pt oxidation states.Indeed,the XPS analysis of the Pt–Pd catalyst revealed the presence of57%Pt0,31%PtO and12%PtO2,while in the Pt catalyst were present59%Pt0,29%PtO and12%PtO2.As previously reported,the particle size of the Pt–Pd/C catalyst was larger than that of Pt/C.Being improbable that the presence of Pd in?uences the platinum–carbon interactions, the shift could be ascribed to metal–metal interactions. The presence of metal–metal interactions should indicate a change in the electronic structure of Pt when it is alloyed with Pd.
3.2.The catalytic performance of Pt and Pt–Pd catalysts
3.2.1.Oxygen reduction
The experimental results regarding the ORR in H2SO4solution at room temperature are shown in Fig.3.The current density for the ORR(j ORR)is expressed in terms of mass activity which, being the Pt loading1mg cmà2for all the electrodes,is equivalent to activity in terms of the geometric surface area. The onset potential for the ORR and the slope of the current density–potential plot,(d j/d E),are slightly larger for the Pt–Pd/ C electrocatalyst in comparison to the Pt/C electrocatalysts. This means that the activity for the ORR of the Pt–Pd/C catalyst is slightly higher than that of Pt/C.The overpotentials of Pt–Pd/C at a current density of0.1A mgà1Pt is about65mV lower than that of Pt/C.The activity enhancement observed when using the Pt–Pd alloy electrocatalyst can be ascribed to different factors such as changes in the Pt–Pt interatomic distance[7]and,particularly,in the Pt electronic con?guration [13].Toda et al.[13]proposed a new mechanism for the enhancement of the ORR on Pt–M alloys,based on an increase of d-electron vacancies of the thin Pt surface layer caused by the underlying alloy.On the basis of their model,such an increase of5d vacancies led to an increased2p electron donation from O2to the surface Pt,resulting in an increased O2adsorption and a weakening of the O–O bond,which enhances the ORR.Working with X-ray absorption spectros-copy(XAS),Mukerjee et al.[32]explained the enhanced elec-trocatalysis of Pt-based alloys on the basis of the interplay between the electronic(Pt d-vacancy)and geometric factors (Pt coordination number)and their effect on the chemisorp-tion behavior of OH species from the electrolyte.As reported by Antolini et al.[33],the activity of Pt–Co for the ORR can be rationalized in terms of the OH adsorption on Pt,which reduces the performance of the catalyst.It was found that the increase of both the metal particle size and the Co content in the alloy reduces the OH adsorption on Pt,increasing the activity of the catalyst for the ORR.
3.2.2.Ethanol oxidation
Fig.4shows the linear sweep voltammograms for ethanol oxidation at room temperature(Fig.4a),60(Fig.4b)and90 C (Fig.4c)on Pt–Pd/C and Pt/C catalysts.For fuel
cell
Fig.3–Oxygen reduction at room temperature in0.5M
H2SO4on Pt–Pd/C and Pt/C electrocatalysts.Sweep rate
1mV s L1.Solid line Pt/C;dashed line
Pt–Pd/C.
Fig.4–Slow scan voltammograms for ethanol oxidation on
Pt–Pd/C and Pt/C electrocatalysts in1.0M ethanol solution
at(a)room temperature,(b)60and(c)908C.Sweep rate
1mV s L1.
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applications,the working potentials of interest for the cathode are located between 0.7and 0.9V versus RHE.In this potential region at room temperature and 60 C the activity for the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR)of Pt–Pd/C is higher than that of Pt/C,whereas at 90 C the pure Pt presents a higher current density.The different dependence of the EOR activity on temperature of Pt–Pd and Pt is indicative of differences in the activation energy for the reaction.The current density for the EOR (j EOR )can be expressed in terms of the Arrhenius equa-tion:
j EOR ?A exp eàE a =RT T
(1)
where A is a pre-exponential factor,E a is the activation energy,R is the gas constant and T is the absolute tempera-ture.In a simpli?ed model,A is related to ethanol adsorption and E a is the activation energy for the oxidation of ethanol intermediates adsorbed on Pt.The Arrhenius plots of the Pt–Pd and Pt catalysts obtained from the values of j EOR at 0.9V are shown in Fig.5.The resulting A and E a values were 200A cm à2and 9.4kJ mol à1for Pt–Pd/C,and 1007A cm à2and 11.3kJ mol à1for Pt/C,respectively.The pre-exponential factor of Pt was about ?ve times higher than that of Pt–Pd,while the activation energy of Pt was 20%higher than that of Pt–Pd.The decrease of the pre-exponential factor for the Pt–Pd/C catalyst can be ascribed to a lower ethanol adsorption.Indeed,the ensemble effects,where the dilution of the active component with the catalytically inert metal changes the distribution of active sites,open the possibility of different reaction path-ways [34].There are not references on the activity for ethanol electrooxidation of Pd in acid solution,but it is known that palladium is completely inactive for methanol electro-oxidation in acid solution [35,36].So it can be assumed that Pd is inactive also for ethanol electrooxidation in acid solution.The dissociative chemisorption of ethanol requires the exis-tence of several adjacent Pt ensembles [37,38]and the pres-ence of atoms of the second metal around the Pt active sites could block ethanol adsorption on Pt sites due to the dilution effect.Consequently,the oxidation of ethanol on the binary electrocatalyst is more dif?cult.On the other hand,oxygen adsorption,which usually can be regarded as dissociative
chemisorption,requires only two adjacent sites and is not affected by the presence of the second metal.
The decrease of the activation energy for ethanol oxidation by the presence of Pd in the catalyst can be attributed to alloying effects.Pd acts as a catalytically enhancing agent,modifying the electronic properties of the Pt.
3.2.3.Oxygen reduction in the presence of ethanol
Fig.6shows the ORR activity of the prepared Pt–Pd/C alloy electrocatalyst (Fig.6a)and the commercial Pt/C electro-catalyst (Fig.6b)in 0.5M H 2SO 4at room temperature in the absence and in the presence of ethanol concentrations from 0.5to 2M.The value of the current density is positive when it is due to the ethanol oxidation,while it is negative when related to the oxygen reduction.As compared to the ORR in pure ethanol-free H 2SO 4solution,in the presence of ethanol both Pt/C and Pt–Pd/C showed an increase in overpotential for the same current density.Fig.7shows the current density for the EOR versus ethanol concentration at 1V,where the current density for the ORR is near zero.For comparison,the current density for ethanol oxidation at [CH 3CH 2OH]?1M in the absence of oxygen is also reported.Unlike that in O 2-free environment,in the presence of oxygen the current density for ethanol oxidation is always higher on Pt than on
Pt–Pd.
Fig.5–Arrhenius plots of the current density at 0.9V for Pt–Pd/C and
Pt/C.
Fig.6–Oxygen reduction at room temperature in 0.5M H 2SO 4containing different amounts of ethanol.(a)Pt–Pd/C,(b)Pt/C.Sweep rate 1mV s L 1.Ethanol concentration:solid line 0.0M,dashed line 0.1M,dotted line 0.5M,dashed dotted line 1M,dashed dotted line 2M.
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Indeed,in the presence of O 2the most part of the adsorbed ethanol intermediates is oxidized and,as a consequence,being the amount of adsorbed ethanol intermediates on pure Pt higher than that on Pt–Pd,as previously reported,the current density due to ethanol oxidation on Pt is higher than that on PtPd.
The dependence of the current density j on ethanol concentration at 0.8V,where j ?j ORR tj EOR ,is shown in Fig.8.The increase of the current density on the Pt/C electrocatalyst with increasing ethanol concentrations is higher than that on the alloy,showing that the Pt–Pd/C electrocatalyst has a better tolerance to the presence of ethanol than Pt/C under ORR operating conditions.
3.2.
4.Direct ethanol fuel cell test
Even if voltammetry experiments are very useful to test the activity of an electrocatalyst,it is necessary to determine the performance of the same catalyst in a complete fuel cell.Working conditions such as temperature,pressure and fuel ?ow are crucial to determine the real performance of a system.The DEFC polarization curves at 60and 90 C are shown in Fig.9with Pt/C (Fig.9a)and Pt–Ru/C (Fig.9b)as anode
materials.At 60 C the performance of the cell with Pt–Pd/C is about the same than that of the cell with Pt/C as cathode material.At 60 C the ethanol crossover is negligible,so an eventual difference in cell performance has to be ascribed to differences in ORR activity.Therefore,it can be deduced that the effect of the Pd presence on the ORR activity of platinum is negligible in DEFC operation.This difference between measurements taken in the fuel cell environment and in half-cell experiment can be related to the experimental conditions,mainly the working temperature.Otherwise,at 90 C an enhancement in the performance of the cells with Pt–Pd/C with respect to the cells with Pt/C was observed.As ethanol crossover increases with increasing temperature [3],the better performance of the cell with Pt–Pd/C can be ascribed to the higher ethanol tolerance of the binary catalyst than Pt/C.The difference in the performance of the cells with Pt–Pd/C (3:1)and Pt/C decreases with increasing the current density (see Fig.9b),in agreement with the results of Andreadis and Tsiakaras,which found that the ethanol crossover decreases for increasing current densities [3].The values of the maximum power density (MPD)of cells with different anodes and cathodes at 90 C/3atm are reported in Fig.10.The maximum power density increases 250%in going from Pt
to
Fig.7–Slow scan voltammograms for ethanol oxidation in the presence of O 2at 1V in 0.5M H 2SO 4containing different amounts of ethanol.Sweep rate 1mV s L 1
.
Fig.8–Dependence of the current density at 0.8V on ethanol concentration under O 2reduction in 0.5M H 2SO 4
.
Fig.9–Polarization curves in a single DEFC with Pt–Pd/C and Pt/C electrocatalysts as cathode materials for oxygen reduction at 608C/1atm and 908C/3atm O 2pressure using a 1M ethanol solution.Cathode Pt loading 1mg cm L 2.(a)Pt/C E-TEK as anode material,(b)Pt–Ru/C (1:1)E-TEK as anode material.Anode Pt loading 1mg cm L 2.
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Pt–Ru as anode material,and 70%in going from Pt to Pt–Pd as cathode material.The gain in cell performance in going from a cell using pure Pt both as anode and cathode material to a cell with Pt–Ru and Pt–Pd as anode and cathode materials,respectively (D MPD Tot ?15.3mW cm à2)is about the sum of the gains in the performance of the cell with Pt–Ru as anode and Pt as cathode (D MPD ?10.8mW cm à2),and the cell with Pt as anode and Pt–Pd as cathode material (D MPD ?3.3mW cm à2).As reported by Lopes et al.[25],tests in a DEFC at various temperatures showed an enhancement of the cell performance when Pt–Co/C (3:1)was used as cathode material with respect to the cell with Pt/C,both in terms of mass activity and in terms of speci?c activity.Considering that Pt–Co/C and Pt/C have the same activity for the EOR in the cathodic potential region,the improvement was ascribed to the higher ORR activity of the binary alloy catalyst.The gain in the performance of the cell operating at 90 C/3atm with Pt as anode and Pt–Co/C as cathode material with respect to the cell with Pt/C both as anode and cathode material (D MPD ?2.8mW cm à2)was slightly lower than that observed in this work comparing the performance of DEFCs with Pt/C and Pt–Pd/C as cathode materials.In the former case,however,the enhanced performance of the cell with Pt–Co/C as cathode material with respect to that with Pt/C was ascribed to the higher ORR activity of the Co-containing catalyst.
On the basis of the experiments in H 2SO 4solution described above,the poorer performance of the cell operating at 90 C with Pt/C catalyst with respect to that with Pt–Pd/C as cathode material can be essentially ascribed to Pt poisoning owing to ethanol crossover.As shown in this work,Pt poisoning and,as a consequence,the decrease in DEFC performance due to ethanol crossover can be reduced using an ethanol tolerant catalyst.
4.Conclusions
The activity for the oxygen reduction reaction on carbon supported Pt–Pd electrocatalysts prepared by reduction of metal precursors with formic acid was investigated in
sulphuric acid both in the absence and in the presence of ethanol and compared with a commercial Pt/C catalyst.In ethanol-free sulphuric acid the Pt–Pd/C alloy catalyst showed a slightly higher activity towards the oxygen reduction compared to pure platinum.In the presence of ethanol a higher increase in overpotential of the ORR on pure Pt than that on Pt–Pd was found,indicating a higher ethanol tolerance of the binary catalyst.Tests in DEFC at 60 C indicated that the performance of the cell with Pt–Pd/C was about the same than that of the cell with Pt/C as cathode material,while at 90 C an enhancement of the cell performance when Pt–Pd/C was used as cathode material was observed with respect to the cell with Pt/C.Considering that at 60 C the ethanol crossover is negli-gible,the improvement of DEFC performance at 90 C was ascribed to the higher ethanol tolerance of Pt–Pd/C.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank CAPES/Brazil,Progr.PVE 2007,and the
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?′?co e Tecnolo ′-gico (CNPq,Proc.142097/2005-5),for ?nancial assistance to the project.Thanks are also due to the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory,LNLS,for helping with the physical characteriza-tion of the catalysts.
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内科带教老师评语
竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除 内科带教老师评语 篇一：感染科带教老师给学生评语 护理带教老师对实习生的评语 1.该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现 过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级 医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力 强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取 得出色的成绩. 2.该生实习期间遵守医院的各项规章制度,在老师的教导下掌握严格各种操作技术如无 菌技术、插胃管（据科室写）,并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名优秀的白衣天使。 3.该生在本科实习期间，学习刻苦，能掌握本科基本知识和常规操作，对常见病多发病 的诊断和治疗也基本掌握，考核成绩优良，望今后继续
努力。 4.该生在本科学习期间能严格遵守本科各项规章制度，工作积极主动，努力好学，对病 人热情，耐心，深受病人的好评，能熟练掌握本科常见疾病的治疗与护理，望以后工作中更 上一层楼。 5.该生在本科室实习期间，完成了实习大纲要求掌握的操作。期间并无任何差错。该生 在实习期间，对待病人亲切热情，对护理工作有热情。对待工作态度严谨认真，能够很好的 胜任日常工作。将会是一个好的护理工作者。实习单位鉴定评语该生在本医院实习期间，工作积极主动，学习认真，尊敬师长，待人诚恳,能够做到服从 带教老师的指导，团结同事，不怕苦，不怕累,并能够灵活运用自己的专业知识解决工作中遇 到的实际困难。在实习期间得到领导和同事们的一致好评。篇二：护理带教老师对实习生的 评语 护理带教老师对实习生的评语该生实习期间遵守医院 的各项规章制度,在老师的教导下 掌握严格各种操作技术如无菌技术、插胃管（据科室写）,并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名
各科实习带教老师评语
各科实习带教老师评语 1. ***同学积极主动，态度端正。实习期间，她主动要求到各部门了解学习，努力从 多方面开拓自己的眼界。她先后去了财务管理科招标办公室计划财务部人力资源部办公室 法律事务部设备管理科法制办公室等主要业务部门。通过学习书面材料和与各部室人员的 交流，她比较全面地了解了我单位科室的主要职能和重点工作，还协助完成了一些她力所 能及的行政事务工作。这种积极主动的工作态度获得了各科室人员的一致好评。 2. 该生综合素质较好，爱岗敬业，工作能力强，有一定的工作组织能力，能和同事 友好相处，短短实习工作期间，是个出色的教学能手，相信会在今后的工作中，取的出色 的成绩。 3. 该同学在我公司实习期间，能配合公司各级主管安排，工作态度好，有责任心， 与同事之间和睦相处，社交能力强。 4. 该生综合素质较好，业务能力较强，政治表现良好，法纪观念充实，服从安排听 指挥，与同事友好相处，短短实践工作期间，能够做到爱岗敬业，认真负责，相信会在今 后的工作中取得出色的成绩。希望继续积极参加各种社会活动，不断总结提高，为毕业后 投身祖国建设打下扎实基础。 5. 在实习期间工作认真，勤奋好学。踏实肯干，虚心好学，善于思考，能举一反三， 6. 能将在学校所学的知识灵活应用到具体的工作中去，保质保量完成工作，并能与 公司同事和睦相处，与其一同工作的员工都对该生的表现给与肯定。 7. ***同学于**年**月起在我单位实习，实习期为两个月。实习期间，她的突出表现 得到了领导和同事们的一致称赞和肯定。 8. 王**于*年月至*年月之间在某某有限公司实习。实习期间该员工认真学习各种专 业技能，严格执行各项管理规定，积极参与相关竞赛活动，能较好胜任流水线与cell线 各岗位需求，在月末评比中，屡次拿得名次，并有强烈的团队意识及能为团队进步提出合 理化建议，整体表现良好。 9. 该生在我加工部实习期间，表现相当好，工作认真负责，受到我部师傅的表扬。 本学员在本单位工作，基本能遵守国家法规和单位规章制度，按时上下班待人有礼业务成 绩还可以，对器材有一定钻研能力，服从主管工作安排，希望日后工作更加刻苦，做一个 对社会有贡献的人。 10. XXX同学工作积极主动，热情，学习认真，尊敬师长，一年来技术理论水平及操 作技能均有很大提高，希望今后继续努力成为国家有用之才。 11. XXX同学工作积极主动，学习认真，尊敬师长，待人诚恳，一年来技术理论水平 及操作都有很大提高，希望今后加强学习尽快成才。
出科带教老师评语
出科带教老师评语 篇一：医院带教老师评语及单位鉴定评语 护理带教老师对实习生的评语 1.该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 2.该生实习期间遵守医院的各项规章制度,在老师的教导下掌握严格各种操作技术如无菌技术、插胃管（据科室写）,并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名优秀的白衣天使。 3.该生在本科实习期间，学习刻苦，能掌握本科基本知识和常规操作，对常见病多发病的诊断和治疗也基本掌握，考核成绩优良，望今后继续努力。 4.该生在本科学习期间能严格遵守本科各项规章制度，工作积极主动，努力好学，对病人热情，耐心，深受病人的好评，能熟练掌握本科常见疾病的治疗与护理，望以后工作中更上一层楼。 5.该生在本科室实习期间，完成了实习大纲要求掌握的操作。期间并无任何差错。该生在实习期间，对待病人亲切热情，对护理工作有热情。对待工作态度严谨认真，能够很好的胜任日常工作。将会是一个
好的护理工作者。 实习单位鉴定评语 该生在本医院实习期间，工作积极主动，学习认真，尊敬师长，待人诚恳,能够做到服从带教老师的指导，团结同事，不怕苦，不怕累,并能够灵活运用自己的专业知识解决工作中遇到的实际困难。在实习期间得到领导和同事们的一致好评。 篇二：带教老师评语 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩.
带教老师 鉴定评语
带教老师最新鉴定评语 带教老师监督实习教师的教学工作很重要，给实习生的工作评语也不能马虎，今天为大家准备了带教老师最新鉴定评语，欢迎阅读! 带教老师最新鉴定评语 1. 同志自去年毕业开始在xxx我公司实习。在我单位见习期间，能够严格遵守并执行公司的各项规章制度，能够积极主动的配合其他相邻工作同仁协调完成各种工作任务。认真学习业务知识，在很短的时间内就掌握了工作的要点和技巧，并将其合理的运用到工作中去。能够积极主动的向老员工学习，弥补自己的不足。工作积极主动，学习认真，尊敬他人，待人诚恳，能够做到服从指挥，团结同事，不怕苦，不怕累。并能够灵活运用所学的计算机专业知识解决工作中遇到的实际困难。一年来理论水平及操作技能均有很大程度的提高。在见习期间得到领导和同事们的一致好评。 2. xxx同学工作积极主动，学习认真，尊敬师长，待人诚恳，一年来技术理论水平及操作都有很大提高，希望今后加强学习尽快成才。 3. xx同志谦虚谨慎，勤奋好学。注重理论和实践相结合，将大学所学的课堂知识能有效地运用于实际工作中，认真听取老同志的指导，对于别人提出的工作建议，可以虚心听龋
表现出较强的求知欲，并能够仔细观察、切身体验、独立思考、综合分析，灵活运用自己的知识解决工作中遇到的实际困难。 4. 该同志思想稳定，工作踏实肯干，专业理论扎实，技术熟练，服务态度好，受到医护患的一致好评。xx是在代理护士长期间，能够严格要求自己，狠抓规章制度落实，严格三查七对，杜绝了医疗事故及纠纷的发生，较好的完成了护理部交给的任务。在治理工作中本着人性化的治理模式，关心、爱护、体贴每一位护理人员，做到了作风民主，宽宏待人，提高了护理队伍的向心力、凝聚力，激发了人员的服务热情，使xx科护理工作蒸蒸日上。 5. xx同志踏实肯干，吃苦耐劳。有创造性、建设性地独立开展工作的思维;具有一定的开拓和创新精神，接受新事物较快，涉猎面较宽，在工程计算领域不断地探索，有自己的思路和设想。能够做到服从指挥，认真敬业，工作责任心强，工作效率高，执行公司指令坚决。在时间紧迫的情况下，加时加班、保质保量完成工作任务。 6. 该生实习期间工作认真，勤奋好学，踏实肯干，虚心好学。善于思考，能够举一反三……能够将在学校所学的知识灵活应用到具体的工作中去，保质保量完成工作任务。同时，该学生严格遵守我公司的各项规章制度，实习期间，未曾出现过无故缺勤，迟到早退现象，并能与公司同事和睦相处，
科室考核评语
科室考核评语 篇一：科室考核意见(等次) 篇二：医院带教老师评语及单位鉴定评语 护理带教老师对实习生的评语 1.该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 2.该生实习期间遵守医院的各项规章制度,在老师的教导下掌握严格各种操作技术如无菌技术、插胃管（据科室写）,并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名优秀的白衣天使。 3.该生在本科实习期间，学习刻苦，能掌握本科基本知识和常规操作，对常见病多发病的诊断和治疗也基本掌握，考核成绩优良，望今后继续努力。 4.该生在本科学习期间能严格遵守本科各项规章制度，工作积极主动，努力好学，对病人热情，耐心，深受病人的好评，能熟练掌握本科常见疾病的治疗与护理，望以后工作中更上一层楼。 5.该生在本科室实习期间，完成了实习大纲要求掌握的操作。期间并无任何差错。该生在实习期间，对待病人亲切热情，对护理工作有热
情。对待工作态度严谨认真，能够很好的胜任日常工作。将会是一个好的护理工作者。 实习单位鉴定评语 该生在本医院实习期间，工作积极主动，学习认真，尊敬师长，待人诚恳,能够做到服从带教老师的指导，团结同事，不怕苦，不怕累,并能够灵活运用自己的专业知识解决工作中遇到的实际困难。在实习期间得到领导和同事们的一致好评。 篇三：02所在科室评语和考核结果建议 关于XX同志的评语和考核等次建议 XX同志在试用期间XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX(评语)。 建议确定为“合格”等次，同意按期转正。 XXX 科室（盖章）负责人签字20XX年9月1日
评语大全之内科带教老师评语
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进修带教老师评语
进修带教老师评语 热情、主动、积极。对事物保持高度的好奇与兴趣，虚心求教並勇於建言。随时调整自己，力求成长、尽善。积极爭取机会，发挥所长，磨练带领技巧。能巧妙地引导学生将枯燥乏味的例行公事趣味化。以下内容是小编为您精心整理的进修带教老师评语，欢迎参考！ 进修带教老师评语 1.该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 2.该生实习期间遵守医院的各项规章制度,在老师的教导下掌握严格各种操作技术如无菌技术、插胃管（据科室写）,并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名优秀的白衣天使。 3.该生在本科实习期间，学习刻苦，能掌握本科基本知识和常规操作，对常见病多发病的诊断和治疗也基本掌握，考核成绩优良，望今后继续努力。 4.该生在本科学习期间能严格遵守本科各项规章制度，工作积极主动，努力好学，对病人热情，耐心，深受病人的好评，能熟练掌握本科常见疾病的治疗与护理，望以后工作中更上一层楼。
5.该生在本科室实习期间，完成了实习大纲要求掌握的操作。期间并无任何差错。该生在实习期间，对待病人亲切热情，对护理工作有热情。对待工作态度严谨认真，能够很好的胜任日常工作。将会是一个好的护理工作者。 进修带教老师评语 该同学积极主动，态度端正。实习期间，她主动要求到各部门了解学习，努力从多方面开拓自己的眼界。她先后去了财务管理科、招标办公室、计划财务部、人力资源部、办公室、法律事务部、设备管理科、法制办公室等主要业务部门。通过学习书面材料和与各部室人员的交流，她比较全面地了解了我单位科室的主要职能和重点工作，还协助完成了一些她力所能及的行政事务工作。这种积极主动的工作态度获得了各科室人员的一致好评。 该同学谦虚谨慎，勤奋好学。注重理论和实践相结合，将大学所学的课堂知识能有效地运用于实际工作中，认真听取老同志的指导，对于别人提出的工作建议，可以虚心听龋表现出较强的求知欲，并能够仔细观察、切身体验、独立思考、综合分析，灵活运用自己的知识解决工作中遇到的实际困难。 该同学踏实肯干，吃苦耐劳。有创造性、建设性地独立开展工作的思维;具有一定的开拓和创新精神，接受新事物较快，涉猎面较宽，在工程计算领域不断地探索，有自己的思路和设想。能够做到服从指挥，认真敬业,工作责任心强，工作效率高,执行公司指令坚决。在时间紧迫的情况下，加时加班、保质保量完成工作任务。
护士带教老师鉴定评语
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医院实习带教老师评语
竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除医院实习带教老师评语 篇一：医院带教老师评语及单位鉴定评语 护理带教老师对实习生的评语 1.该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现 过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 2.该生实习期间遵守医院的各项规章制度,在老师的教导下掌握严格各种操作技术如无菌技术、插胃管（据科室写）,并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名优秀的白衣天使。 3.该生在本科实习期间，学习刻苦，能掌握本科基本知识和常规操作，对常见病多发病的诊断和治疗也基本掌握，考核成绩优良，望今后继续努力。 4.该生在本科学习期间能严格遵守本科各项规章制度，工作积极主动，努力好学，对病人热情，耐心，深受病人的好评，能熟练掌握本科常见疾病的治疗与护理，望以后工作
中更上一层楼。 5.该生在本科室实习期间，完成了实习大纲要求掌握的操作。期间并无任何差错。该生在实习期间，对待病人亲切热情，对护理工作有热情。对待工作态度严谨认真，能够很好的胜任日常工作。将会是一个好的护理工作者。 实习单位鉴定评语 该生在本医院实习期间，工作积极主动，学习认真，尊敬师长，待人诚恳,能够做到服从带教老师的指导，团结同事，不怕苦，不怕累,并能够灵活运用自己的专业知识解决 工作中遇到的实际困难。在实习期间得到领导和同事们的一致好评。 篇二：医院实习鉴定评语 医院实习鉴定评语 xx同志积极主动，态度端正。实习期间，她主动要求到各部门了解学习，努力从多方面开拓自己的眼界。她先后去了财务管理科、招标办公室、计划财务部、人力资源部、办公室、法律事务部、设备管理科、法制办公室等主要业务部门。通过学习书面材料和与各部室人员的交流，她比较全面地了解了我单位科室的主要职能和重点工作，还协助完成了一些她力所能及的行政事务工作。这种积极主动的工作态度获得了各科室人员的一致好评。实习是每个医学生必要不可缺少的学习阶段，作为一个在临床经验上十分欠缺的初学者，
科室指导老师评语
科室指导老师评语 评语可以使其在提高工作质量上具有特殊重要的作用。一起来看看科室的指导老师评语，仅供大家参考！谢谢！ 1、在思想上，我积极上进、乐于助人，与科室医生相处融洽，对病人认真负责、热情礼貌。在泌尿外科实习的时候，曾有一台经皮肾镜碎石术，手术难度特别大，整个手术过程历时长达10个小时。我作为第二助手，在体力上、意志力上都经受了严峻的考验，最后圆满完成了手术任务，受到科主任的表扬。我想，这次经历对我以后的人生道路会大有裨益。 2、拥有扎实的医学理论知识，带着满腔的热情，我来到了实习单位——武汉市第五医院实习。在五医院各个科室带教老师的悉心指导下，我顺利完成了教学规定的临床实习任务。 3、认真完成了对实习生的监督：在查房的同时，认真进行理论提问及操作考试，并要求学生认真做好笔记。 4、该生在作业治疗室实习期间，遵守纪律，服从医院及科室的安排，坚守岗位。工作积极，认真负责，对待病人热情，能够将所学知识运用到工作中，具有较为扎实的基础理论知识，能设计不同的作业活动对患者进行治疗，操作能力强，希望在今后的工作中再接再励，更上一层楼！ 5、实习期间，态度端正，学习踏实，工作认真，注重
理论和实践相结合，将大学所学的课堂知识能有效地运用于实际工作中，在我部“重庆热线”实习时能创造性、建设性地并能独立开展工作；能吃苦耐劳，工作责任心强，注重团队合作，善于取长补短，虚心好学，具有一定的开拓和创新精神，接受新事物较快，涉猎面较宽，在计算机通讯领域不断地探索，有自己的思路和设想。 6、1实习实习期间工作认真，勤奋好学，踏实肯干，虚心好学。善于思考，能够举一反三能够将在学校所学的知识灵活应用到具体的工作中去，保质保量完成工作任务。同时，该学生严格遵守我公司的各项规章制度，实习期间，未曾出现过无故缺勤，迟到早退现象，并能与公司同事和睦相处，与其一同工作的员工都对该学生的表现予以肯定。 7、***同学，实习鉴定实习期间工作认真，勤奋好学，踏实肯干，在工作中遇到不懂的地方，能够虚心向富有经验的前辈请教，善于思考，能够举一反三。对于别人提出的工作建议，可以虚心听取。在时间紧迫的情况下，加时加班完成任务。能够将在学校所学的知识灵活应用到具体的工作中去，保质保量完成工作任务。同时，该学生严格遵守我公司的各项规章制度，实习期间，未曾出现过无故缺勤，迟到早退现象，并能与公司同事和睦相处，与其一同工作的员工都对该学生的表现予以肯定。 8、***同志积极主动，态度端正。实习期间，她主动要
医院带教老师评语
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内科带教老师评语 该同学待人诚恳，作风朴实。该学生严格遵守我单位的各项规章制度，实习期间，未曾出现过无故缺勤，迟到早退现象，并能与单位同事和睦相处，交流融洽，善于取长补短，虚心好学，注重团队合作。以下内容是为您精心的内科带教老师评语，欢迎参考！ 1.该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长 补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服 从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 2.该生实习期间遵守医院的各项规章制度,在老师的教导下掌 握严格各种操作技术如无菌技术、插胃管（据科室写）,并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名优秀的白衣天使。 3.该生在本科实习期间，学习刻苦，能掌握本科基本知识和常规操作，对常见病多发病的诊断和治疗也基本掌握，考核成绩优良，望今后继续努力。 4.该生在本科学习期间能严格遵守本科各项规章制度，工作积极主动，努力好学，对病人热情，耐心，深受病人的好评，能熟练掌握本科常见疾病的治疗与护理，望以后工作中更上一层楼。 5.该生在本科室实习期间，完成了实习大纲要求掌握的操作。期间并无任何差错。该生在实习期间，对待病人亲切热情，对护理工
作有热情。对待工作态度严谨认真，能够很好的胜任日常工作。将会是一个好的护理工作者。 该同学积极主动，态度端正。实习期间，她主动要求到各部门 了解学习，努力从多方面开拓自己的眼界。她先后去了财务管理科、招标办公室、计划财务部、人力资源部、办公室、法律事务部、设备管理科、法制办公室等主要业务部门。通过学习书面材料和与各部室人员的交流，她比较全面地了解了我单位科室的主要职能和重点工作，还协助完成了一些她力所能及的行政事务工作。这种积极主动的工作态度获得了各科室人员的一致好评。 该同学谦虚谨慎，勤奋好学。注重理论和实践相结合，将大学 所学的课堂知识能有效地运用于实际工作中，认真听取老同志的指导，对于别人提出的工作建议，可以虚心听龋表现出较强的求知欲，并能够仔细观察、切身体验、独立思考、综合分析，灵活运用自己的知识解决工作中遇到的实际困难。 该同学踏实肯干，吃苦耐劳。有创造性、建设性地独立开展工 作的思维;具有一定的开拓和创新精神，接受新事物较快，涉猎面较宽，在工程计算领域不断地探索，有自己的思路和设想。能够做到服从指挥，认真敬业,工作责任心强，工作效率高,执行公司指令坚决。在时间紧迫的情况下，加时加班、保质保量完成工作任务。 该同学待人诚恳，作风朴实。该学生严格遵守我单位的各项规 章制度，实习期间，未曾出现过无故缺勤，迟到早退现象，并能与单
护士实习带教老师评语
护士实习带教老师评语 ----WORD文档，下载后可编辑修改---- 下面是小编收集整理的范本，欢迎您借鉴参考阅读和下载，侵删。您的努力学习是为了更美好的未来！ 护士实习带教老师评语精选 1. xx谦虚谨慎，勤奋好学。注重理论和实践相结合，将大学所学的课堂知识能有效地运用于实际工作中，认真听取老同志的指导，对于别人提出的工作建议，可以虚心听取。表现出较强的求知欲，并能够仔细观察、切身体验、独立思考、综合分析，灵活运用自己的知识解决工作中遇到的实际困难。 2. XXX同学在我单位实习期间，能够做到服从领导指挥，团结同事，不怕苦不怕累，将学校所学到的知识技能运用到实际工作当中。 3. xx踏实肯干，吃苦耐劳。有创造性、建设性地独立开展工作的思维;具有一定的开拓和创新精神，接受新事物较快，涉猎面较宽，在工程计算领域不断地探索，有自己的思路和设想。能够做到服从指挥，认真敬业，工作责任心强，工作效率高，执行公司指令坚决。在时间紧迫的情况下，加时加班、保质保量完成工作任务，受到大家一致赞扬。 4. ###同志于xx年x月x日起在我局实习，实习期为一个月。###同志工作积极主动、高效，学习认真，待人诚恳，能够做到服从指挥、认真听取老同志的指导，不怕苦、不怕累，表现有较强的求知欲，积极观察、体验、思考，并能够灵活运用自己的知识解决工作中遇到的实...... 5. xx级XXX同学于xx年x月至xx年x月之间在xx集团有限公司xx厂实习。实习期间该员工认真学习各种专业技能，严格执行各项管理规定，积极参与相关竞赛活动，能较好胜任流水线与CELL线各岗位需求，在月末评比中，屡次拿得名次，并有强烈的团队意识及能为团队进步提出合理化建议，整体表现良好。 6. 该生综合素质较好，爱岗敬业，工作能力强，有一定的工作组织能力，能和同事友好相处，短短实习工作期间，是个出色的教学能手，相信会在今后的工作中，取的出色的成绩。 7. 该生在内科实习期间，严格遵守医院各项规章制度，工作积极主动，责任心强，基本掌握内科常见病多发病的护理常规，医学教。育网搜集整理较好完
放射科带教老师评语
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好的护理工作者。 实习单位鉴定评语 该生在本医院实习期间，工作积极主动，学习认真，尊敬师长，待人诚恳,能够做到服从带教老师的指导，团结同事，不怕苦，不怕累,并能够灵活运用自己的专业知识解决工作中遇到的实际困难。在实习期间得到领导和同事们的一致好评。 篇二：医院带教老师评语 该生在实习期间遵守医院和本科室的规章制度，护理操作规范，在实习中，能很好的将儿科护理学理论与实践相结合，反应灵敏，但又不擅自主张，称得上老师的好帮手。 该同学在我科实习期间，严格遵守医院及科室的各项规章制度，能理论联系实际，操作中严格执行“三查七对”，熟练掌握本科室常见疾病的护理常规，对病人如亲人，希望在以后的实习生涯中继续努力，做一名优秀的白衣天使。 该生在我科室实习期间，学习态度积极，对待病人细心有责任心，严格遵守三查七对以及无菌操作原则，熟练掌握了各项导尿、灌肠等临床操作技术及常见病症的护理以优异的成绩完成我科室学习任务，望再接再励 篇三：放射科质量评定记录 放射科质量评定记录
出科带教老师评语
出科带教老师评语 护理带教老师对实习生的评语 1.该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取 得出色的成绩. 2.该生实习期间遵守医院的各项规章制度,在老师的教导下掌握 严格各种操作技术如无菌技术、插胃管（据科室写）,并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名优秀的白衣天使。 3.该生在本科实习期间，学习刻苦，能掌握本科基本知识和常规操作，对常见病多发病的诊断和治疗也基本掌握，考核成绩优良，望今后继续努力。 4.该生在本科学习期间能严格遵守本科各项规章制度，工作积极主动，努力好学，对病人热情，耐心，深受病人的好评，能熟练掌握本科常见疾病的治疗与护理，望以后工作中更上一层楼。
5.该生在本科室实习期间，完成了实习大纲要求掌握的操作。期间并无任何差错。该生在实习期间，对待病人亲切热情，对护理工作有热情。对待工作态度严谨认真，能够很好的胜任日常工作。将会是一个好的护理工作者。 实习单位鉴定评语 该生在本医院实习期间，工作积极主动，学习认真，尊敬师长，待人诚恳,能够做到服从带教老师的指导，团结同事，不怕苦，不怕累,并能够灵活运用自己的专业知识解决工作中遇到的实际困难。在实习期间得到领导和同事们的一致好评。 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤, 迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取 得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤, 迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,
护士实习带教老师鉴定评语
护士实习带教老师鉴定评语 ###实习报告频道为大家整理的护士实习带教老师鉴定评语，供大家参考。更多阅读请查看本站频道。 简单版：该生认真负责，态度端正，在实习期间积极主动，好学好问。专业知识扎实，技巧熟练，水平较强。 复杂版：该学生实习期间工作认真、勤奋好学、踏实肯干、在工作中遇到不懂的地方，能够虚心向富有经验的前辈请教，善于思考、能够举一反三。对于别人提出的工作建议，能够虚心听取。能够将在学校所学的知识灵活应用到具体的工作中去，保质、保量完成工作任务。同时，该学生严格遵守我院的各项规章制度，实习期间，未曾出现过无故缺勤，迟到早退现象，并能与公司同事和睦相处，与其一同工作的员工都对该学生的表现予以肯定。 护士实习鉴定评语： 该同志思想稳定，工作踏实肯干，专业理论扎实，技术熟练，服务态度好，受到医护患的一致好评。非凡是在代理护士长期间，能够严格要求自己，狠抓规章制度落实，严格三查七对，杜绝了医疗事故及纠纷的发生，较好的完成了护理部交给的任务。在治理工作中本着人性化的治理模式，关心、爱护、体贴每一位护理人员，做到了作风民-主，宽宏待人，提升了护理队伍的向心力、凝聚力，激发了人员的服务热情，使小作科护理工作蒸蒸日上。 护理带教老师对实习生的评语 该生实习期间遵守医院的各项规章制度, 在老师的教导下掌握严格各种操作技术如无菌技术、插胃管（据科室写）, 并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名优秀的白衣天使。
该生在本科实习期间，学习刻苦，能掌握本科基本知识和常规操作，对常见病多发病的诊断和治疗也基本掌握，考核成绩优良，望今后继续努力。 该生在本科学习期间能严格遵守本科各项规章制度，工作积极主动，努力好学，对病人热情，耐心，深受病人的好评，能熟练掌握本科常见疾病的治疗与护理，望以后工作中更上一层楼。 该生在本科室实习期间，完成了实习大纲要求掌握的操作。期间并无任何差错。该生在实习期间，对待病人亲切热情，对护理工作有热情。对待工作态度严谨认真，能够很好的胜任日常工作。将会是一个好的护理工作者。
对带教教师评语
对带教教师评语 篇一：带教老师评价 1.带教老师具有良好的教学风范：是学生的榜样，教师的一言一行、一举一动都对我们有直接的影响。带教老师高标准要求自己，通过言传身教和点点滴滴的实践工作，对学生和病人和蔼可亲，对工作认真负责，具有高尚的职业道德观念，用高度的同情心和责任感，关心体贴每个病人，可使我们认识到实习工作不仅仅是问病史、写病历的机械劳动，而是要全心全意为病人服务。这样，我们在学会了临床技能的同时，也学会了对病人要有诚心、耐心、爱心的人道主义精神。 2..老师带教能力强：能够较好地传授临床操作技能和专业基础理论知识，使实习生对临床操作技能、专业基础理论等方面较好掌握，为将来从事临床工作奠定坚实的基础。老师传授知识时能做到耐心且给学生以实践的机会，带教老师在临床教学中能做到耐心带教，不摆架子，使实学生感到老师平易近人，遇到难懂的问题能大胆地请教带教老师，学生在请教老师的同时也让老师发现自身存在的不足，查缺补漏，适当的改进教学方法，做到教学相长，提高带教水平。另外，在某些具体操作中，教师能够采取“放手不放眼”的方法，大胆的放手让学生去尝试，充分调动学生的主观能动性和积极性，可以提高学生的综合素质和实习质量。 3.带教老师的人文关怀:无论是对学生还是病人的人文关怀，带教老师
均能令学生满意。我们在实习前期刚从课堂走向临床，心理及生理不适应，很难进入角色。带教老师做到体贴关心我们的学习和生活，引导我们进入角色，驱除实习初期的心理障碍。实习后期学生由于考研或毕业考试等因素更是处于焦虑状态，在这时 期老师能够很好的理解和关系我们，让我们感到温暖。 篇二：带教老师评语 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到
带教老师评语
该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩. 该学生严格遵守我科规章制度,实习期间,未曾出现过无故缺勤,迟到早退,并能与上级医师和同学和睦相处,交流融洽,善于取长补短,虚心好学,注重团结.综合素质较好,业务能力强,表现良好,服从安排,听从指挥,实习期间,爱岗敬业,认真负责,相信会在今后的工作中取得出色的成绩.
老师作文之医生带教老师评语
医生带教老师评语 【篇一：带教老师评语】 带教老师评语 【篇二：护理带教老师对实习生的评语】 护理带教老师对实习生的评语该生实习期间遵守医院的各项规章制度,在老师的教导下掌握严格各种操作技术如无菌技术、插胃管（据 科室写）,并很是尊重老师.将来一定是一名优秀的白衣天使。该生 在本科实习期间，学习刻苦，能掌握本科基本知识和常规操作，对 常见病多发病的诊断和治疗也基本掌握，考核成绩优良，望今后继 续努力。 该生在本科学习期间能严格遵守本科各项规章制度，工作积极主动，努力好学，对病人热情，耐心，深受病人的好评，能熟练掌握本科 常见疾病的治疗与护理，望以后工作中更上一层楼。 该生在本科室实习期间，完成了实习大纲要求掌握的操作。期间并 无任何差错。该生在实习期间，对待病人亲切热情，对护理工作有 热情。对待工作态度严谨认真，能够很好的胜任日常工作。将会是 一个好的护理工作者。 浅谈急诊科实习护士的带教随着现代医疗技术的发展，护理理念 不断提升。“以人为本”，一切以病人为中心，用爱心、细心、耐心、责任心为病人进行人文的优质服务成为护理工作的重心。临床实习 护士是在职护理人员的后备力量，是未来肩负重任的护理接班人， 所以，带教好每一位护理实习生成为护理管理工作不可松懈的重要 任务。 急诊科是医院救治急、危、重症，挽救生命的第一站，要求护理工 作高速度、高效率，也是培养实习护士急救能力的关键科室，对实 习带教工作有很高的要求，对实习生也是一种考验。为培养优秀的 实习护士，结合多年带教经验，将急诊科实习护士带教工作阐述如下： 一、重视人文思想教育 初入科室要强调规章制度，无菌技术原则。加强医德医风教育，要 求接待病人热情主动，服务细致周到，向每位老师虚心求教，不耻 下问。实习护士对急诊工作
【精编范文】骨科带教老师科室评语-优秀word范文 (3页)
【精编范文】骨科带教老师科室评语-优秀word范文 本文部分内容来自网络，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将予以删除！ == 本文为word格式，下载后可随意编辑修改！ == 骨科带教老师科室评语 骨科是大多数医院都设有的科室，下面就是小编为您收集整理的骨科带教老师科室评语的相关文章，希望可以帮到您，如果你觉得不错的话可以分享给更多小伙伴哦！ 骨科带教老师科室评语一 光阴似箭，一晃眼，走进xx-x市一医院，来到骨科成为一名救死扶伤的护士已经半年了。自毕业以来，我一直以严谨的态度和积极的热情投身于学习和工作中，有成功的喜悦，也有失败的辛酸。接触到临床后，发现，自己不仅要有扎实的理论，熟练的临床操作，良好的职业道德，还必须培养自己的耐心和爱心等等。六个月的使用期即将结束，但我对自己的要求会更加严格，特自我鉴定如下： 在思想上，有很强的上进心，勇于批评与自我批评，树立了正确的人生观和价值观。能严格遵守医院的各项规章制度的，积极参加医院和科室组织的各项活动并能尊敬领导，团结同事。 在学习上，严格要求自己，凭着自己对成为一名优秀白衣天使的目标和知识的强烈追求，刻苦钻研，勤奋好学，态度端正，目标明确，基本上掌握了一些专业知识和操作技能，熟练的掌握了专科知识和各项专科护理操作，作到了理论联系实际。除了专业知识的学习外，还注意各方面知识的扩展，广泛的涉猎其他学科的知识，从而提高了自身的思想文化素质。 在工作上，我积极配合上级领导和同事，正确执行医嘱及各项护理技术操作规程，做好基础护理，严格执行无菌操作和三查七对制度。发现问题，及时上报，及时解决。在工作中能理论联系实际，遇到不懂的问题能及时向护士长