CET-4 讲义

Model 1We live in a world in which science and technology is developing very quickly. The development of science needs scientists from all over the world to exchange their work more and more frequently. However, the scientists usually come from different countries and speak different languages. If there isn't a common language that can be understood by everybody, they won't understand each other. What's more, we wish to know what others are doing and what experiences and knowledge we should learn to improve our work, so we must master the foreign language. However, there are countless languages in the world, and we can't learn all of them. Fortunately, there is one kind of language that is commonly used all over the world, English. Most of the scientists of the important academic journals are in English, and all the international academic meetings use English. If we master English, we can go to any corner of the world to communicate with the people without knowing their mother tongue. So English is important to scientists

.Model 2English is important to scientists because English, as the vehicle of information, is the most widely used language in the scientific world. According to statistics, most of the scientific academic journals are in English. Most of the world important academic meetings use English as the working language. And most of the scientists of the world can speak, read, and write English. So, when it comes for scientists from all over the world to exchange their work and experiences, the only bridge to mend the language gap is English. As far as China is concerned, if our scientists want to know what the outside scientific world is doing and what they should learn from it, the best vehicle of information to decide on is without doubt English. Therefore, English plays a very important role in the academic life of scientists.

Model 3In the early morning, I am easily annoyed by my roommate. I have to shut the ice-covered windows. A white tornado of dandruff swirls around the room. A mass of smoke from cigarettes hovers near the door. No wonder I find my roommate annoying!

In the early morning, I am easily annoyed by my roommate. I have to shut ice-covered windows that John, my roommate, insists on opening every night, even during the winter. A white tornado swirling around the room shows me that his dandruff problem is still in full force. A mass of smoke from

John's pack-a-day habit hovers near the door. No wonder I find my roommate annoying.

In the early morning, I am easily annoyed by my roommate. I am annoyed each time I have to shut the ice-covered windows that John, my roommate, insists on opening every night, even during the winter.

A disgusting white tornado swirling around the room shows me that his dandruff problem is still in full force. A choking mass of stale smoke from John's pack-a-day habit hovers near the door. No wonder I find my roommate annoying.

In the early morning, I am easily annoyed by my roommate. For example, I am annoyed each time I have to shut the ice-covered windows that John, my roommate, insists on opening every night, even during the winter. I am also disgusted by a white tornado swirling around the room, which shows me that his dandruff problem is still in full force. Most bothersome, though, is the choking mass of stale smoke--from John's pack-a-day habit that hovers near the door. No wonder I find my roommate annoying.1

Model 4When it comes to the choice between going to the West and staying in cities, different graduates hold radically different views. Some people argue that it's the right time to go to the West. Other people, however, believe that staying in cities outweighs going to the West in almost every aspect.

In the eyes of the first group of people, going to the West is characterized by the following features. For a start, with the policy to develop the West, there will be more chances of improving oneself and using the textbook knowledge; hence the best choice for graduates.2In the second place, the West is rich in natural resources, the exploitation of which calls for talents with higher education. In the West, the graduates will easily turn their knowledge to use. Of course it is also admitted that some inconveniences will come up. For example, there is a poor transportation in the West. Sometimes it takes hours on the road when people are travelling from one place to another.

1英语中一些表示令人讨厌，不安的词汇还有：

upsetting, irritating, disturbing, unfavourable, undesirable, troublesome, negative, objectionable, unpleasant, harmful, knotty, tough, throny。

2 We see past time in a telescope and present time in a microscope. Hence the apparent enormities of the present. 我们在望远镜中看过去，而在显微镜中看现在，所以现在的罪恶昭然若揭。

In comparison, those who argue for staying in cities have some arguments as follows. On one hand, the cities will provide a better living conditions. As we all know, there is still a wide gap between the West and the East. To seek a better life is undoubtedly a major goal for most of the graduates. On the other hand, in this age of information and technology, the urban environment enables graduates to be up to date. However, staying in the cities also brings some handicaps to young graduates. One aspect may be that there will be fierce competition in the cities for job opportunities and housing.

As discussed above, it is obvious that each side has its distinctive characteristics. If I am allowed to make a decision, I prefer to going to the West for the following two considerations. For one thing, I like the local culture in the west, and I've long thought of getting a deep understanding of the West. For another, the West can allow me to choose my own way of living.

Model 5

Nowadays one of the fundamental problems China is faced with is the increasing illiteracy among the adolescents. According to a recent survey made by Dr. Wang, head of educational department of Beijing University, about 24% of the children between 8 to 15 years old have dropped out of school across the country. The same survey also shows that the number of dropouts is likely to grow in the years to come. Therefore, it is clear that illiteracy has been getting more and more serious.

To account for illiteracy, people have come up with various causes as demonstrated below. For one thing, many families are still too poor to afford schooling for their kids. Take my neighbor as an example. There are five members and the four adults were laid off last year. Then life gets very hard for them. Finally, the only child has to leave the school. Actually poverty is always the major factor behind illiteracy in China. On the other hand, some parents believe that schooling is useless, particularly for girls. They often force their kids to leave school and send them to work. In the end, some students are bored of the school life, and they drop out to escape teachers and school lesson.

Whatever the reasons, the issue has become a crippling force to the development of our country. Therefore, some measures should be taken to put an end to this problem. On one hand, our governments should make stricter law to forbid parents to take kids away from school. In addition, more funds should be put in to the help of those poor students. On the other hand, we should launch a publicizing campaign to enhance people’s awareness of the harmfulness of illiteracy to our economy and life. Only through these attempts can we hope to solve the problem.

Model 6A good case in point is John F. Kennedy who lost the election for freshman class president at Harvard. As another instance, Walt Disney was dyslexic as a child and his first cartoon production company went bankrupt. If one more example is needed, I would like to mention Michael Jordan who was cut from his high school's varsity football team as a sophomore.

Passage 7Those who hold the first idea perhaps fail to consider the importance of competition. Most people tend to enjoy a happy life instead of working hard. Without the pressure of the competition, most people will come to nothing. Competition makes people more active and more aggressive. Those who hold the second idea perhaps ignore the significance of cooperation. It is known to us all that most of work can't be fulfilled without cooperation. A good case in point is that to make a beautiful table you need the efforts of a wood supplier, a carpenter and a painter.

Passage 8 Physical health is one of the three key factors for a successful life. It is important for me, because without health everything else is meaningless. Imagine starting a career without good health. Imagine starting a family without good health. Imagine achieving anything without good health. Clearly, good health is a basic, fundamental prerequisite for every aspect of one's life.

Model 9 Language Change There are many reasons why languages change, but three major causes help illustrate the concept. Initially, various languages that started from the same parent developed their own uniqueness after groups of speaker drifted away from one another to establish isolated, independent communities. Another major cause of language change is the influence of and interaction with foreign cultures, often as a result of military conquest. A continuing cause for change is rapidly expanding technology and new systems of communication that bring all cultures and languages into closer contact, with borrowing between languages a common phenomenon in the contemporary world. All languages change as the experiences of their speakers change.

Model 101. I like my job! In fact, there are several reasons why I am happy to work as an accountant. First, I get the chance to do what I trained so long for. Second, I earn money to pay my living expenses.

Finally, and equally as important, I work because it gives me a sense of belonging to a group that shares my professional ideas and interests. The people with whom I work offer a kind of companionship that I cannot find with family or other friends.

2. I like my job! In fact, there are several reasons why I am happy to be an accountant. First and most important, I am an accountant because I need to earn money to pay my living expenses. If the job didn't pay enough money to pay my living expenses, I couldn't consider keeping it. My job also gives me a great deal of professional fulfilment. I get the chance to do what I trained so long for. Also worth mentioning is that I work because it gives me a sense of belonging to a group that shares my professional ideas and interests. The people with whom I work offer a kind of companionship that I cannot find with family or other friends.

3. I like my job! In fact, there are several reasons why I am happy to be an accountant. First, I work at an accounting firm because it gives me a sense of belonging to a group of individuals who share my professional ideas and interests. These people offer a kind of companionship that I cannot find with family or other friends. Also, my job gives me a great deal of professional fulfilment. I get the chance to do what I trained so long for. Finally and most important, I am an accountant because it lets me earn enough money to pay my living expenses. If I didn't earn enough money to live on, I couldn't keep the job regardless of how much professional fulfilment or companionship it offered.

Model 11

Coal Production in Illinois

Coal production in the state of Illinois is rapidly declining. In 1972, for example, the production of coal reached 65 million tons, but by 1977, the production was at a level of only 54 million tons. This represents a decline of over ten million tons within a five-year period of time. Between 1977 and 1979, only a two-year period of time, there was another decline of ten million tons. By 1981, the Illinois Coal Association expected the production of coal to be at a level of only about 34 million tons. Overall, then, the drop in the level of coal production in Illinois is dramatic: from 65 million tons in 1972 to 34 million tons in 1981. (117 words) 3

Model 12

There has been a growing concern among the general public over the population census which is now being conducted in our country. According to a recent poll made by Beijing Youth Daily, a local newspaper, about 87 percent of the residents have a good understanding of the census, and they are very cooperative with it. The same survey also shows that more people are concerned about the result of the census. It can be easily concluded, therefore, the census has become an important issue on our life.

Its importance may be demonstrated in two ways as follows. To begin with, the census is directly related to the society in general. On one hand, our country has long carried out the policy of birth control, and regular census may help us get a better idea of our population growth. On the other hand, with the reform and opening-up, there has been a widespread mass migration movement. Many farmers leave their home villages to seek jobs in the cities. Then it is necessary to know the population migration trend through census, so that the government may make better use of the labor force. What’s more, the census is also bound up with our personal life. It is the best way to measure our living standard, including living space, education level, and employment.

As the issue of census plays such a key role in our society and life, due attention should be paid from both the government and the general public. The government should make sure that the census is successfully done and finished, and the general public should offer a helping hand whenever necessary. As for myself, I should take part in the publicizing campaign so that more people will understand the importance of censure.

3 As civilization advances, poetry almost necessarily declines. 随着文明的进步，诗歌几乎必然会衰落。——

T．B．Macaulay

Love is like the moon: when it does not increase, it decreases. 爱情如同月亮，不盈则亏。——E. Segul As one's gifts increase, his friends decrease. 天分越高，朋友越少。——K. Gibran

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