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翻译理论与技巧模拟试卷(一)

翻译理论与技巧模拟试卷(一)
翻译理论与技巧模拟试卷(一)

《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷(一)

一.在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。

1.翻译是跨()、跨()、跨()的交际活动。

2.篇章的粘连分()粘连和()粘连两大类,粘连的目的是实现篇章的()。

3.社会符号学的翻译标准是()相符、()相似。

4.格赖斯的()原则和利奇的()原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。

5. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据,以符号学的意

义观为核心。语言符号具备三种意义,它们是()意义、()意义和()意义。

6. 语言对比是研究语言在()中产生的意义。

7. 泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则:

A.译文应完整地再现原文的()。

B.译文的()()应与原文的性质相同。

C.译文应像原文一样()。

8. 汉语语法呈()性,英语语法呈()性。

9. 严复的三字翻译标准是_____、_____、____。

10. 鲁迅认为翻译标准可以用________和________这四个字来表示。

二.判断各例画线部分译文恰当如否。如译文恰当,就在后面括号中打√;译文不恰当,就在后面括号中打×。

1.对外开放取得新近展。1990年共批准“三资”企业99家,全省“三资”

企业已达284家。()

New progress has been made in the process of opening to the outside world. In 1990, the province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures”, the total number of which reached 284.

2.我们要培养出适应社会主义现代化需要的一代“四有新人”。()

We must bring forth a new generation of well-educated and self-disciplined people with lofty ideals and moral integrity, such as are necessary for our socialist modernization drive.

3.这次旅游可选择的地方有北京、上海或西安。()

The places this tour can choose are Beijing, Shanghai and Xi?an.

4.不是所有的金属都具有同样好的导电性能。()

All metals do not conduct electricity equally well.

5.大会将于今年十二月在北京隆重开幕。()

The meeting will begin the following December in Beijing ceremoniously.

6. 在农村,特别是比较偏僻落后的农村,还残存着少数包办买卖婚姻的陋习。

()

In China?s more remote and backward rural areas, corrupt practices exist in the form of forced marriage …

7. 我给你打国际直拨就跟给楼下的李姐打电话差不多,一拨就通。()

An international phone to you is as easy as a call to Sister Li downstairs.

8. 我们的事业从胜利走向胜利。()

We have won one victory after another for our cause

9. 从这次讲座中,我们学到了许多美国历史方面的知识。()

We studied much knowledge of American history from the lecture.

10. 她觉得她再也不能忍受她丈夫的侮辱。()

She feels that she cannot stand her husband?s insult any longer.

三.译文比较。下列各例均有两种译文。把你认为较好的译文(A或B)填写在每例后的括号里。如:

明年将出版更多的书籍。( B )

A.Next year will publish a greater number of new books.

B.A greater number of new books will be published next year.

1.语言这东西不是随便可以学好的,非下苦功不可。( )

A.The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effort.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8518211790.html,nguage is something one cannot master it without painstaking effort.

2.老王说,他没着了。( )

A.Old Wang said he was at the end of his tether.

B.Old Wang said he had no scheme at all.

3.第二天早晨,她腋下挟着几本书回来了。( )

A.The next morning, she came back with some books under her arm.

B.The next morning, she carried some books under her arm and came back.

4.利用煤和石油可以制成各种各样的东西。( )

A. A use of coal and oil can produce all sorts of useful things.

B.All sorts of useful things can be produced from coal and oil.

5.新的一年才过了一个月,经济改革又出现了新的高潮。( )

A.The new year was barely one month old when it witnessed the latest

flourish of the economic reform.

B.The new year has passed just one month, the economic reform has reached a

new climax.

6. 但我的事现在搞得满城风雨,人人皆知了。( )

A.But there has been too much publicity about my case.

B.But now everybody in the city knows about my thing.

7. 争取运动成绩与精神文明双丰收。( )

A.For better athletic records and sportsmanship.

B.For a good harvest both in sports and morals.

8. 他做实验时心不在焉,几乎引起化学药物爆炸。( )

A.He was absent-minded during the experiments, that nearly caused an explosion of the chemical.

B.His absent-mindedness during the experiments nearly caused an explosion of the chemical.

9. 长飞公司严格执行自上而下的一条线管理和自下而上的一条线汇报制度,

确保了公司高效率快节奏的运转。( )

A.The strict management and report system have been carefully enforced, which ensures Changfei Corporation to run efficiently.

B.Changfei Corporation has carefully enforced strict management and a report system, ensures it to run efficiently.

10. 她抱怨名单上没有她的名字。( )

A.She complaint that the list did not have her name.

B.She complaint about the omission of her name from the list.

四.将下列英语句子译成汉语,汉语句子译成英语。

1.如果我们抓住并利用这些机会,武汉的工业将会有灿烂的明天。

2.这两个国家不是用战争,而是以和平友好的方式解决了争端。

3.农民的生活水平不断提高,大部分农民已解决了温饱问题,不少农民已过上小康生活。

4.我们一定要努力工作,不辜负全国人民和全世界人民对我们的期望。

5.以前人们认为原子是最小的元素,现在才知道原子还可以分为原子核(nuclei)与电子(electron)、中子(neutron)与质子(proton)。

6、无条件最惠国待遇(unconditional most-favored-nation treatment)的原则是中

国寻求重新加入关贸总协定(GATT)的主要考虑之一。

五.翻译下列短文。共50分。

(I see four kinds of pressure working on college students? today: economic pressure,

parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains, only victims.)

“In the later 1960s,” one dean told me, “the typical question that I got from students was …Why is there so much suffering in the world?? or …How can I make a contribution?? Today it?s …Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?? ”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school.

They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law forms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses—music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. I don?t know if they are getting As or Cs, and I don?t care. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They can?t.

(括号内一段仅作背景内容,无须翻译)

《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷(一)(答案及参考译文)

一、在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。

1.翻译是跨(语言)、跨(文化)、跨(社会)的交际活动。

2.篇章的粘连分(语义)粘连和(结构)粘连两大类,粘连的目的是实现篇章的(连贯)。

3.社会符号学的翻译标准是(语意)相符、(功能)相似。

4.格赖斯的(合作)原则和利奇的(礼貌)原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。

5.社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据,以符号学的意义观为核心。语言符号具备三种意义,它们是(言内)意义、(指称)意义和(语用)意义。

6.语言对比是研究语言在(使用)中产生的意义。

7.泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则:

A.译文应完整地再现原文的(思想内容)。

B.译文的(风格)、(笔调)应与原文的性质相同。

C.译文应像原文一样(流畅自然)。

8.汉语语法呈(隐含)性,英语语法呈(外显)性。

9.信、达、雅

10.忠实通顺

二、判断各例画线部分译文恰当如否。如译文恰当,就在后面括号中打√;译文不恰当,就在后面括号中打×。

1.× 2.√ 3.× 4.√ 5.×

6.√ 7.√ 8.√ 9.× 10.×

三.译文比较。下列各例均有两种译文。把你认为较好的译文(A或B)填写在每例后的括号里。

1.A

2. A

3. A

4. B

5.A

6. A

7. A

8. B

9. A 10. B

四.将下列英语句子译成汉语,汉语句子译成英语。

1.If we seize and make full use of the opportunities today, Wuhan?s industry will

have a splendid tomorrow.

2.Instead of fighting, the two countries settled their quarrel in an amicable way.

3.The living standard of farmers has been raised continuously. The majority of

farmers have enough food and clothing and quite a few are leading a quite comfortable life.

4.We must work hard in order to live up to the expectations of our own people

and people throughout the world.

5.Atoms used to be considered as the smallest elements. Now, it is known that

atoms can be further divided into nuclei and electrons, neutrons and protons. 6.Unconditional most-favored-nation treatment is one of the major considerations

that China has in seeking to reenter GATT.

五.短文翻译参考答案。共50分。

一位系主任告诉我,“二十世纪六十年代后期,学生们常问我的问题是‘为什么世上有这么多苦难?’‘我怎样才能为此尽一份力?’可现在的问题却是‘您觉得哪样对我上法学院更有利,是同时修历史和政治两门专业,还是只修其中一门?’”

请注意问话中强调的“哪样更有利”。如今学业成绩单成了神圣的文件,成了前途的保障。人在文件纸张上的表现比本人的表现更重要。如今,本人表现好已经不够了,对于想上法学院或医学院深造的人尤其如此。

学生们知道,进好的大学意味着进挣大钱的律师事务所或医疗机构。他们也知道形式严峻。

对于打算大学毕业立即就业的人,压力同样不轻。过去那种轻松完成大学学业,把音乐、美术、哲学、文论、人类文化学、诗歌、宗教等各类课程一一修读一番,就算受到了人文教育的时代早已一去不复返了。我不知道也不在乎学生们的成绩是“优”还是“差”。我只知道国家需要他们,他们会找到称心如意的工作。我要他们放松自己。可他们办不到。

《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷(二)

一、在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。

1.翻译的过程是______、_______和________。

2.英语翻译成汉语时,英语称之为____________________,汉语称之为______________。

3.翻译按其工作方式来分,有______ ________ __________三种。

4.许渊冲提倡文学翻译要做到_____________、_____________和________________。

5.在译文语言条件许可时,在译文中既保持原文的内容,有保持原文的形式—特别是保持原文的比喻、形象和民族地方色彩等,这种译法叫做___________。

6.把原文中两个或两个以上的简单句译成一个单句是________法。

7.翻译按其处理方式来分,有________、________和__________。

8.翻译是“从语义到文体在译入语中用最()而又最()的对等语再现原语的()。”

9.从翻译的手段来看,翻译可分为()、()和()。

10.鲁迅先生认为:“凡是翻译,必须兼顾两面,一当然力求其(),一则保存着原作的()。”

11.傅雷先生认为:“以效果而论,翻译应当像临画一样,所求的不在(形似)而在(神似)。

12.将He is armed to the teeth译成“他全副武装”,采用的是(意译)的方法;将其译成“他武装到了牙齿”,采用的是(直译)的方法。

13.篇章的粘连分(语义)粘连和(结构)粘连两大类,粘连的目的是实现篇章的(连贯)。

14.汉语语法呈(隐含)性,英语语法呈(外显)性。

二、判断各例画线部分译文恰当如否。如译文恰当,就在后面括号中打√;

译文不恰当,就在后面括号中打×。

1.对外开放取得新近展。1990年共批准“三资”企业99家,全省“三资”企业已达284家。()

New progress has been made in the process of opening to the outside world. In 1990, the province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures”, the total number of which reached 284.

2.我们要培养出适应社会主义现代化需要的一代“四有新人”。()

We must bring forth a new generation of well-educated and self-disciplined people with lofty ideals and moral integrity, such as are necessary for our socialist modernization drive.

3.这次旅游可选择的地方有北京、上海或西安。()

The places this tour can choose are Beijing, Shanghai and Xi?an.

4.不是所有的金属都具有同样好的导电性能。()

All metals do not conduct electricity equally well.

5.大会将于今年十二月在北京隆重开幕。()

The meeting will begin the following December in Beijing ceremoniously.

6. 在农村,特别是比较偏僻落后的农村,还残存着少数包办买卖婚姻的陋习。()

In China?s more remote and backward rural areas, corrupt practices exist in the form of forced marriage …

7. 我给你打国际直拨就跟给楼下的李姐打电话差不多,一拨就通。()An international phone to you is as easy as a call to Sister Li downstairs.

8. 我们的事业从胜利走向胜利。()

We have won one victory after another for our cause

9. 从这次讲座中,我们学到了许多美国历史方面的知识。()

We studied much knowledge of American history from the lecture.

10. 她觉得她再也不能忍受她丈夫的侮辱。()

She feels that she cannot stand her husband?s insult any longer.

11.He is green with jealousy.

他因为嫉妒而发绿。()

12John likes to pat himself on the back.

约翰喜欢捶自己的背。()

13He wished to write an article that will attract public attention to the matter.

他想写一篇文章,以便能引起公众对这件事的关注。()

14.A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one

should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.

我们往往可以从一个人交怎样的朋友以及阅读怎样的书籍去看他的为人。

这是因为人与人之间有友谊,同样,人与书之间也有友谊。人们应该经常生活在与最好的书以及最好的人的友谊之中。()

15.We are enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic wars.

我们反对一切战争,特别是王朝战争。()

16.But the youngest brother was able to fulfill his modest ambition.

()

但最小的儿子却实现了他那谦逊的野心。

17. The baby was brought up on the bottle. ()

这个婴儿是喝牛奶长大的。

18.A small white-headed boy with a sunburnt face appeared at the door while the schoolmaster was speaking, and stopping there to make a rustic bow, came in, and took his seat. ()

老师正在讲话时,一个淡黄色头发、脸被晒成棕色的小男孩在门口出现了。

他停在门口老老实实地鞠了个躬,就进来坐下。

19.I have no opinion of him. ()

我对他没有意见。

20.His failure made a mockery of the teacher’s great efforts to help him. ()

他考试没有及格,老师辅导他的一番心血白费了。

21 Speaker Jim Wright brushes tears away as he throws in the towel yesterday in

D. C.

发言人吉姆·赖特于昨日在华府挥泪认输。()

1.× 2.√ 3.× 4.√ 5.×

6.√ 7.√ 8.√ 9.× 10.×

11.× 12.× 13.√ 14.√ 15.√

16. × 17. √ 18. √ 19. × 20. √

21. √

三.译文比较。下列各例均有两种译文。把你认为较好的译文(A或B)填写在每例后的括号里。每题2分,共10分。如:

明年将出版更多的书籍。( B )

A.Next year will publish a greater number of new books.

B.A greater number of new books will be published next year.

1.It is already two years since he was Secretary General of the U. N. ( )

A. 他担任联合国秘书长以来已经有两年了。

B.他不担任联合国秘书长已经有两年了。

2.If you think me in a way to be happier than I deserve, I am quite of your opinion.

()

A.如果你认为我的幸福来之太易,受之有愧,那我完全同意你的看法。

B.如果你认为我生活幸福得超过我所值,那我完全同意你的看法。

3.I?ll live a little before it is too late. ()

A.在太晚之前,我要生活一下。

B.我要好好享受一下生活,不然就太晚了。

4.Peter was an ambitious guy who always tried to squeeze into the upper class.

()

A.彼得野心勃勃,他一心想挤进上流社会。

B.彼得雄心勃勃,他总是试图挤进上流社会。

5.Electric power became the servant of man only after the motor was invented.

()

A.只是在电动机发明之后,电力才成了人类的仆人。

B.只是在电动机发明之后,电力才开始造福于人类。

6. People sometimes expect gratitude when they aren?t entitled to it. ()

A.有时人们在没有权利这么做的时候,也希望别人感激他们。

B.人们有时希望别人感激他们,尽管他们没有权利要求别人这么做。7.Ice is a solid. If we heat it, it melts and becomes water. ( ) A.冰是一种固体。如果我们给它加热,它就融化变成水。

B.冰是固体。如果加热,就融化成水。

8.The local press challenged the license of the TV station. ()A.当地报纸要求吊销那家电视台的执照。

B.当地报纸挑战那家电视台的执照。

9.And I suppose she?ll tell all the boys, the old cat. ( )

A.我想她会告诉所有的男人,这只老猫!

B.我想她会告诉所有的男人,这个长舌的老太婆!

10.In the modern world salt has many uses beyond the dining table. ()A.在现代世界上,盐除了供食用外,还有许多其他用途。

B.在现代世界上,盐除了用在餐桌上,还有许多其他用途。

11. We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our

eyes, can see clearly in the night ( A )

A. 我们知道,猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能吸收更多的光线,所以猫在黑

夜也能看得很清楚。

B. 我们知道,比我们人的眼睛能吸收更多光线的猫眼睛在夜里能看得很

清楚。

12.There is a mixture of the tiger and ape in the character of the imperialists.

( B )

A. 帝国主义者兼有虎和猿的特征。

B. 帝国主义者的性格有残暴的一面,也有狡猾的一面。

四.将下列英语句子译成汉语,汉语句子译成英语。

1.While it may seem to be painting the lily, I should like to add somewhat to Mr.

Alistair Cooke?s excellent article.

2.In the West he?d spend a third of his time in the poolhall, a third in jail, and a third in the public library.

3.The United Nations Organization has not, so far, justified the hope which the people of the world set on it.

4.His weariness and the increasing heat determined him to sit down in the first convenient shade.

5.What you are saying will not make any difference to me, so you may as well keep your breath to cool your porridge.

6、Hygeia herself would have fallen sick under such a regimen; and how much more this poor old nervous victim?

7.In the West he?d spend a third of his time in the poolhall, a third in jail, and a third in the public library.

五.翻译下列短文。(任选一篇)共50分。

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一、在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。

1.理解、表达校核

2.译出语(或原文)译入语(或译文)

3.口译笔译机器翻译

4.意美音美形美

5.直译

6.合句法

7.全译摘译编译

8.切近自然信息

9.口译笔译机器翻译

10.易解丰姿

二、判断各例画线部分译文恰当如否。如译文恰当,就在后面括号中打√;

译文不恰当,就在后面括号中打×。

1.× 2.√ 3.× 4.√ 5.×

6.√ 7.√ 8.√ 9.× 10.×

11.× 12.× 13.√ 14.√ 15.√

16. × 17. √ 18. √ 19. × 20. √

21. √

三.译文比较。下列各例均有两种译文。把你认为较好的译文(A或B)填写在每例后的括号里。

1.B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B

6. B

7. B

8. A

9. B 10.A

四.将下列英语句子译成汉语,汉语句子译成英语。

1.我想给阿利斯太尔·库克先生的杰作稍加几笔,尽管这也许书为百合花上色,费力不讨好。

2.在西部的时候,他把自己时间的三分之一泡在赌场里,三分之一蹲在监狱里,三分之一花在公共图书馆里。

3.到目前为止,联合国辜负了世界人民的希望。

4.疲惫不堪,气温也越来越高。他决定一遇到可以休息的荫凉处就坐下来休息。

5.你说的这一套对我不起作用,你还不如不说为妙。(或:你最好省点力气,不要开口。

6按照这样的养生之道,别说这可怜的老太太了,就连健康女神哈奇亚也会害病。

7在西部的时候,他有三分之一的时间泡在赌场里,三分之一的时间蹲在监狱里,三分之一的时间花在图书馆里。

五.短文翻译参考答案。共50分。

1.China insists on a peaceful, independent foreign policy, because she suffered a great deal from imperialist invasion for almost a century, and thus she cherishes her hard-earned peaceful life all the more and would give more sympathy and support to the concerted efforts of all the people to maintain world peace.

Being a developing country, China is trying in every way possible to speed up its socialist construction and raise the people?s living standards by means of reform and the open policy. To achieve the goal set for her economic and social development, China needs not only national stability but also a peaceful international environment, especially peaceful surroundings. This is also the hope of all the people in the world. Peace and development are the two major tasks facing the world today. All the world

peoples hope for a peaceful international situation so that they can develop their economies and improve living conditions. Peace is the guarantee for development and development in turn promotes peace.

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