2017年考研英语阅读必背50个长难句

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1. It is difficult to the point ofimpossibility for the average reader under theage of forty to imagine a time when high- quality arts criticism could be found in most big-citynewspapers. (2010 T1 P2)

对于平均年龄40岁以下的读者而言, 他们很难想象在大多数大城市的主流报纸上可以读到高质量的艺术评论的那一年代。

2. To read such books today is tomarvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general- circulation dailies. (2010 T1 P2)

今天我们阅读这样的书籍,会惊讶于这样的一个事实:这些学术性文艺评论曾经被认为适合刊登在面向大众发行的日报上。

3. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers wouldwrite in detail and at length about the events they covered. (2010 T1 P3)

在那些远去的日子里,主流报刊的评论家们详尽地评论所报道的事件,认为是理所当然的。

4. Curbs on business-method claimswould be a dramaticabout-face,because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its1998 decision in the so- called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of poolingmutual-fund assets. (2010 T2 P3)

对于商业方法专利授予的限制将会出现巨大的转变,因为正是联邦巡回法院在1998年被称为“州街银行案”的决议中引入了这类专利,其中的共有资产投资的管理方法被授予了专利。

5. The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard byall 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and thatone issue it wants to evaluate iswhether it should “reconsider”its State Street Bank ruling. (2010 T2 P4)

联邦巡回法院发布了一项不寻常的法令,即这个案件将由法院全部的12名法官共同听审, 而不是典型的三人听审团。法令还宣布法院希望评估是否要“重新考虑”州街银行案的裁决。

6. In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that “social epidemics”are driven in large part by the actions of a tinyminority of special individuals, often called influentials,

who are unusually-informed, persuasive, or well connected. (2010 T3 P1)

Malcolm Gladwell在他的《引爆点》一书中指出,“社会流行潮”主要是由一少部分特殊个体的行为引领的,这些人通常被称为有影响力的人,他们博闻强识, 有说服力,并且有很好的人脉。

7. For a social epidemic to occur,however, each person so affected must then influence his or her ownacquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs,and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people haslittle to do with the initial influential. (2010T3 P4)

但是对于社会流行潮的形成来说,每一个受影响的人必须接着去影响他们的熟人,这些人还要继续影响他们的熟人,如此循环下去; 然而处于中间层级的人能得到被影响者的多少关注往往与最初的有影响力的人没多大关系。

8. The details may be unknowable, butthe independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. (2010 T4 P2)

细节也许不得而知,但是对于资本市场正常运转至关重要的准则制定者的独立性正在面临妥协(被弱化)。

9. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of bankswhich will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buyall those supposed bargains. (2010 T4 P5)

而且, 不流动的市场(交易量萎靡)一定程度上反映了银行系统的瘫痪。银行因为害怕(报告)其账面损失而不愿出售(有毒)资产, 同时也不愿收购那些(别人持有的)所谓的廉价资产。

10. The decision of the New YorkPhilharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert asits next musicdirector has been the talk of the classical-music world ever sincethe sudden announcementof his appointment in 2009. (2011 T1 P1)

纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请Alan Gilbert 作为其下一任指挥,这一决定自2009年突然宣布以来就一直是古典音乐界热议的话题。

11. For the time, attention, and moneyof the art- loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, butalso with the recorded performances ofthe great classical musicians of the 20th century. (2011 T1 P4)

出于对于艺术爱好者的时间、精力和金钱角度的考量,古典音乐演奏家们不仅要和歌剧院、舞蹈团、剧团和博物馆竞争,而且还得与那些20世纪伟大的古典音乐大师的作品唱片进行竞争。

12. Rather than cloaking his exit inthe usual vague excuses, he came rightout and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of runninga company.”(2011 T2 P1)

他并没有用通常含糊不清的理由来掩饰自己的离职,他很坦白地说他离开就是“为了去追求经营一家公司的目标”。

13. Says Korn /Ferry senior partnerDennis Carey: “I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has notinstructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”(2011 T2 P4)

Dennis Carey 的高级合伙人Korn Ferry 说:“在我所做的每一次招聘当中,董事会都要求我从那些在任的CEO 中去寻找。

14. The way consumers now approach theprocess of making purchase decisions means that marketings impact stems from a broad range of factorsbeyondconventionalpaid media. (2011 T3 P1)

如今消费者做出购买决定的过程表明:市场营销的影响(效果) 源自于除了传统付费媒体之外的很多因素。

15. The same dramatic technological changes that haveprovided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices havealso increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. (2011 T3 P3)

同样剧烈的技术变革在给营销人员提供更多交流选择的同时,也带来了更高的风险,因为充满激情的消费者会以更快、更明显且更具破坏力的方式来发表他们的观点。

16. It’s no surprise that JenniferSenior’s insightful,provocative magazine coverstory, “I Love My Children, I Hate My Life”, is arousing much chatter—nothing gets people talking like the suggestion thatchild rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enrichingexperience.(2011 T4 P1)

Jennifer Senior 在一片具有煽动意味的杂志封面故事中表达了她的深刻见解, 《我爱我的孩子们,我讨厌我的生活》引发了人们的热烈讨论,这并不奇怪——养儿育女不完全是自我实现的过程。

17. But it’s interesting to wonder ifthe images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthoodaren’t in some small, subconscious waycontributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the sameway that a small part of us hoped getting “the Rachel”might make us look justa little bit like Jennifer Aniston. (2011 T4 P5)

但是, 这确实有趣:想想我们每周都能在杂志上看到的无忧无虑、幸福的父母形象是否以

某种细微的、不为人所感知的方式加剧了我们自己对现实生活的不满? 这就好比我们中有一少部分人希望能够成为(《老友记》中的)Rachel, (这样)使自己看起来有一点像Jennifer Aniston 吧。

18. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be apositive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizationsand officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve theirlives and possibly the world. (2012 T1 P1)

但是Tina Rosenberg 在她的新书《加入俱乐部》中主张,通过她所谓的社会治疗, 同侪压力也可以成为一种积极的力量。在社会治疗中一些组织和官方(机构)利用团体动态力量来帮助个人提升他们的生活, 甚至改善整个世界。

19. “Dare to be different, please dontsmoke!”pleadsone billboard campaign aimed at reducing smokingamong teenagers- teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. (2012 T1 P3)

一场旨在减少青少年吸烟的广告牌上写到“勇于与众不同,请不要吸烟”。然而,这些青少年却是最渴望融入(与他人行为一样)。

20. Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would notchallenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankeenuclear power plant running. (2012 T2 P2)

然而,就是这家公司,一直以来都承诺:不会在联邦法院质疑佛蒙特州的规则的符宪性。现在的做法(质疑佛蒙特州规则的符宪性)是为了使其佛蒙特Yankee 核电站能够继续经营做出的孤注一掷的行为。

21. The legal issues in the case areobscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have someregulatory authorityover nuclearpower, legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting testof how far those powers extend. (2012 T2 P5)

此案件中的法律问题还不清楚:尽管最高法院规定州政府在核问题监管方面也有一些权力,然而法律学者说佛蒙特州案件将会给州政府权力究竟有多大这一问题提供一个先例。

22. In the idealized version of how science is done, factsabout the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use thescientific method to carry out their work. (2012 T3 P1)

在科学是如何展开的理想化版本中, 关于世界的真相有待于客观的研究者使用科学的方法去观察和收集。

23. As a discovery claim works its waythrough the community, the interaction and confrontation between shared andcompeting beliefs about the science and the technology involved transforms an individual’s discovery claim into the community’s credible discovery. (2012T3 P3)

在发现声明通过科学界的逐级审查过程中,与该发现相容或相悖的理论会相互作用或相互对抗,(最终),个人的发现声明转化为(被)整个科学界所认可的科学发现。

24. Politicians have repeatedly“backloaded”public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especiallypensions that are already generous. (2012 T4 P4)

政治家们不断变相提高公共部门员工的收入, 使工资增幅看起来不大, 但却增加了节假日和本来就已经不菲的养老金。

25. Even though there is plenty ofevidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers’unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones. (2012T4 P5)

虽然有大量证据表明教师的质量是最重要的因素, 然而教师工会仍然反对去晋升表现优异的教师, 开除那些教学质量差的教师。

26. Priestly explains how the deep bluecolor of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows todepartment stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless foundher garment.(2013 T1 P1)

翻译：Priestly解释了她的女助理身穿的那件毛衣的深蓝色多年来是怎样从T台沦落到百货商店,又如何从百货商店沦落到打折区中, 毫无疑问,这个可怜的姑娘最后在这里(打折区)淘到了它。(2013 T1 P1)

27. This top-down conception of thefashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverishworld described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. (2013 T1 P2)

翻译：这个时尚业自上而下的概念太过时了,或者说它和Elizabeth Cline在《过度着装》(Elizabeth Cline用三年时间所写的对于“快时尚”的控诉)一书中所描述的狂热世界大相径庭。(2013 T1 P2)

28.In December 2010 America’s FederalTrade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a “do not track”(DNT) option tointernet browsers, so that users could tell advertisers that they did not

wantto be followed.(2013 T2 P3)

翻译：2010年12月,美国联邦贸易委员会提议在互联网浏览器中添加一个“禁止追踪”的选项,这样用户可以告知广告商们他们不想被追踪。(2013 T2 P3)

29. Unable to tell whether someonereally objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’sdefault, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway. (2013 T2 P6)

翻译：由于无法判断人们是真的反对行为广告还是他们坚持使用微软浏览器的默认设置,一些广告商可能会忽视“禁止追踪”的标签,继续追踪(人们的网上痕迹)。(2013 T2 P6)

30. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising, ithas chosen an indirect method: There is no guarantee that DNT by default willbecome the norm. (2013 T2 P7)

翻译：如果微软试图击败几乎完全依靠广告业务的谷歌,那么它选择了一个并不直接的方法: 我们无法保证把“禁止追踪”作为默认设置会成为行业准则。(2013 T2 P7)

31. Look up Homo sapiens in the “Red List”of threatenedspecies of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) andyou will read: “Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widelydistributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threatsresulting in an overall population decline.”(2013 T3 P3)

翻译：在国际自然保护联盟的“濒危物种红色名单”中查阅“智人”这一条目,你会看到:“因为此物种分布广泛,适应性强,目前数量正在不断增加, 并且没有导致该物种数量下降的主要威胁, 因此该物种被列为了无危物种。”(2013 T3 P3)

32. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: wehave now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of theplanet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situationsin which our descendants will find themselves.(2013 T3 P6)

翻译：正如很多时候,过去掌握着通往未来的钥匙:我们现在已经对塑造地球和历史的长期模式有了很充分的认识,我们可以以此为依据来预测我们子孙后代的生存环境。(2013 T3 P6)

33. The Constitutional principles that Washington alonehas the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization”and that federallaws precede state laws are noncontroversial.(2013 T4 P2)

翻译：宪法规定只有华盛顿政府有权利去“制定统一的入籍规则”,以及联邦法律优先于州法律,这两项都是毋庸置疑的。(2013 T4 P2)

34. The Administration was in essence asserting thatbecause it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no stateshould be allowed to do so either. (2013 T4 P7)

翻译：政府实质上一直声称因为自己并不想执行国会的移民意愿,所以它(政府)也不允许任何州这样做。(2013 T4 P7)

35. On first hearing, this was the socially concernedchancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms”toan obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newlyunemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. (2014 T1 P2)

翻译：乍一听,这是一位关心民生的财政大臣正试着去帮人们改善生活,包括去“改革”一个明显纵容的社会(福利)系统, 它对新失业者要求甚少并且还滋生懒惰。(2014 T1 P2)

36. What motivated him, we were to understand, was hiszeal for “fundamental fairness”—protecting the taxpayer, controlling spendingand ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits. (2014 T1 P2)

翻译：然而我们要明白,他的动机是源自于对“基本公平”的热情—保护纳税人,控制开销并且确保只有那些最应得的救济的申请者才能申领救济金。(2014 T1 P2)

37. There is pressure for change from within theprofession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keepingoutsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make moneyrather than serve clients ethically. (2014 T2 P5)

翻译：行业内部也有改革的压力,但是反对改革的管理者坚持认为禁止外人(外部资金) 进入律师事务所使得律师远离赚钱的压力, 而按照职业道德更好地为客户服务。(2014 T2 P5)

38. In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in lawfirms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging lawfirms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus onimproving firms’efficiency. (2014 T2 P6)

翻译：实际上,通过律所运用新的技术, 招募致力于提升公司效率的职业经理人, 允许非律师拥有律师事务所的股份,将会降低成本,提升服务(质量)。(2014 T2 P6)

39. There is just one path for a lawyer in most Americanstates: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then athree- year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American BarAssociation and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. (2014 T2 P3)

翻译：在美国的绝大多数州想成为律师只有一条途径: 首先在(与法律专业)不相关的专

业读四年本科,然后在经过美国律师协会授权的200所法学院中读3 年的法学学位,并且再花巨资准备律师资格考试。(2014 T2 P3)

40. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipientsper prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by thecollaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by theinevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discoveryof the Higgs boson. (2014 T3 P4)

翻译：但是诺贝尔学奖关于每个奖项限三名获奖者,而且他们必须在世的限制已经因为现代科学的合作方式而变得不再适用,并将会在承认希格斯玻色子的发现时被证明,因为到时会不可避免的出现哪位科学家被忽视了这样的争论。(2014 T3 P4)

41. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, aswell as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism. (2014 T4 P2)

翻译：该委员会由51名委员组成,在他们当中,有顶级高等学校的校长、学者、律师、法官以及企业经理,还包括了外交、电影、音乐和新闻界的杰出的人物。(2014 T4 P2)

42. The commission ignores that for several decadesAmerica’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know thecontent and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of itsbenefits. (2014 T4 P4)

翻译：委员会忽略了数十年来存在的问题,美国大学所培养出来的毕业生并未真正了解人文教育的内容和特点,因此并没有从中获益。(2014 T4 P4)

43 At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economistsare warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth,it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolicheart of modern democratic states. (2015 T1 P4)

翻译：当ThomasPiketty和其他经济学家开始对于日益加剧的不公和继承财富的权利发出警告时,那些富有的贵族家庭依然被看做是现代民主国家象征就显得令人费解了。(2015 T1 P4)

44. While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smartenough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have mostto fear from the Spanish example. (2015 T1 P6)

翻译：查尔斯应该明白:正如英国历史所示,共和党并非君主制最大的敌人,国王(本身的言行) 才是君主制最大的敌人。(2015 T1 P6)

45. The Supreme Court will now consider whether policecan search the contents of a mobile

phone without a warrant if the phone is onor around a person during an arrest. (2015 T2 P1)

翻译：现在,最高法院将要考虑的是警察是否可以在没有搜查令的情况下搜查在逮捕期间的嫌疑人的手机内容。(2015 T2 P1)

46. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendmentprotections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could takereasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while awarrant is pending. (2015 T2 P6)

翻译：当面临严重紧急情况时他们仍然会违反第四修正法案的保护条例,他们需要采取合理的措施来确保在没有拿到搜查令的时候手机数据不会被删除或修改。(2015 T2 P6)

47. Asked whether any particular papers had impelled thechange, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’was motivated byconcerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis inscientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increasereproducibility in the research we publish.”(2015 T3 P3)

翻译：当被问及是否是某篇特定的出版物促使了这个变化,McNutt回答道:“统计委员会的设立是受对科学调查的统计应用和数据分析的广泛担忧所驱使的,并且它是杂志整体趋势的一部分,用以增加出版文章的可复制性。”(2015 T3 P3)

48. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrotein 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers whoare statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. (2015 T3 P6)

翻译：他在2012年写到研究者应该提升他们的标准,而杂志也应该采取一个更加严格的路线“参与的审查者应该具有统计学知识,并且编辑应该核实这一流程”。(2015 T3 P6)

49. One of the astonishing revelations was how littleRebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought toask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. (2015 T4 P4)

翻译：其中一个令人惊讶的事实是Rebekah Brooks竟不知道她的编辑部所发生的事,也没想到自己会被审问,事实上,她也从未过问事情是怎样发生的。(2015 T4 P4)

50. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions abouthow her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave noinstructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers. (2015 T4 P6)

翻译：Brooks女士可能怀疑或可能没怀疑过她的记者们是如何得到他们所写的故事的, 但是她没有询问,没有做出指示,即没有得到可追溯的记录下来的回答。(2015 T4 P6)

2017考研英语一真题与答案解析

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精品文档 高考英语阅读理解长难句分析详解 吉林市第一中学孙家宁 一、找谓语，定主语 一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者（主语），我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句（并列谓语动词的情况除外）。如：Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans，he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment -although no one had proposed to do so and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. ［简析］此句中的谓语形式的动词及其对应的主语有：was opposed-he，ordered-he，（should）not be used-federal-funds，had proposed-no one，asked-he（asked前面有and，说明asked 与前面某个谓语动词并列，根据逻辑意义asked应与ordered并列）。这一句的主干为“he ordered...and asked...”，“Declaring that...”作状语。句意：他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的畜牧繁殖技术来克隆人类，并下令不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验——尽管还没有人建议这么做——他还请一个普林斯顿大学校长Harold Shapiro为首的独立专家组在90天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。 二、提主干，去枝叶（从句等） 一般情况下，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来，就不能完全把握句子的核心意义，从而导致思维混乱，主次不分。如：First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Eco-lab Polytechnique. ［简析］本句夹杂分词短语、动名词及两个定语从句。“First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century”为过去分词短语作状语；“including...”为介词短语作状语；“who made...and who had to...”为两个并列的定语从句，修饰a French woman scientist。所以句子的主干为the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds此为主要信息。句意：这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家Pierre de Format提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，其中包括一个法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展。为了能够在Ecolab Polytechnipue理工学院学习她曾女扮男装。 三、寻关联，辨逻辑 一些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句。而这些并列句或复合句之间需要一些关联词来连接。如果我们找准这些关联词，就能够分辨出句与句之间的逻辑关系，分别弄清主句的意义和从句的意义，则长句就容易对付得多了。要掌握此方法必须对英语中的常见的关联词谙熟于心。Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to 精品文档