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高一 练习 1

高一 练习 1
高一 练习 1

定语从句

定语从句也称为形容词性定语从句,用于修饰名词或代词。而被修饰的名词或代词就是先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有which, that, who, whom, whose(作主语,宾语,表语等); 关系代词充当宾语一般可以省略。引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why(作状语)

(一)which

which用于修饰表示事物的先行词,在定语从句中充当主语,宾语等。

Eg: He was reading a book, which was about the war.(主语)

Eg: He was reading a book, which he had bought from london.(宾语)

(二)that

that的功能广泛,既可指人又可指物。

(三) who, whom

w ho, whom都可修饰表示人的先行词。

who: 主语,宾语whom:宾语,介词+whom

Eg: The visitor who/ that came yesterday is Tom.(做主语不可用whom) Only those who/ whom he knew well came to the party

只能用that而不能用which的情况:

先行词是不定代词(如all, nothing, anything等)或先行词被不定代词修饰时。Eg:That is all that I know.

先行词被序数词,形容词最高级,the only, the last 等修饰时。Eg:The first English that I read was Cities.

先行词既有人又有物时。Eg: The scientists and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.

只能有which , 不能用that的情况:定语从句中介词提前The house in which I live is very large.区The house that/which we live in is very large.只能用who 不能用that: 先行词是不定代词指人Anyone who comes first will get the prize.

非限制性定语从句中不用that. which 可以指代一句话

(四)whose

whose一般至于名词前,在从句中做定语。Eg: The house whose windows are broken is very old

1. The people and the animals _______ we met on the farm have left us a deep impression.

2. Who's the student __________ the teacher is talking with?

3. I like the present __________ you've sent to me.

4. The nurse _____ we talked about can speak English well.

5. This is the most difficult job _________we've ever done.

6. This is the cleverest man __________ I've ever known.

7. I bought all __________ was necessary.

8. The old gentleman __________ you met just now is a famous writer.

9. The girl to ________ I lent my bike works in a hospital. 10. Those __________ come are welcome.

11. This is the girl __________ songs you heard last night. 12. She was the brave girl __________ name is known to everybody here.

13. Luckily, I brought the map __________ I would get lost. 14. The book _______ the cover is green belongs to me.

(五) when; where (先行词是表示时间或地点的名词)

其实在考试中容易出错的地方是关于when 与which, where 与which 的区别。只要记住一个黄金法则:若引导词在从句中做的成分是主语或宾语,就选用which;若是做状语,则用when或where.

Eg: 1. The park, ________ I like very much, is damaged. 2. The park, ______ I play with Jane, is damaged.

3. I’ll never forget the day ________ we spent together.

4. I’ll never forget the day ______I first came to Beijing.

(六) why表原因,多跟在the reason之后。Eg: That’s the reason why I wanted to leave.

关系副词一般可用介词+ which 替代,why = for which, 而when, where的变换形式比较灵活,得看具体情况。

Eg:I’ll never forget the day when I meet him. = I’ll never forget the day on which I meet him.

This is the reason _________ he gave me for his being late. This is the reason ______ he was late.

(七)as为特殊关系词

1. as 引导非限定性定语从句时先行词也可为整个从句,有时可与which替换。但as引导的从句位置灵活,可位于句首,句中,句末。而which引导的从句不可置于句首。

Eg: The woman was from beijing, as/ which they knew from her accent. As we all know, Jim is a mad man.

2.as 引导限定性定语从句有the same… as…, such…as…

Eg:Such English as is spoken here is not British English. 这里讲的英语不是英式英语。(主语)

He is not the same man as he was. 他已不是过去那个样子了。(表语)

几点说明:

1. 定语从句中,若先行词在定语从句中做主语,从句中谓语动词的单复数要与先行词统一

2. 区别one of +ns语the only one of +ns

3. the way 做先行词this is they way ________ every one like. This is the way ________ he do the work.

4. case, point situation 做先行词,带入定语从句做状语,关系副词用where

5. the one 是先行词Is this the museum ________ you visited last week? Is this museum _______ you visited last week.

6. 定语从句的句型This/ It is + 序数词、最高级+定语从句(现在完成时)

练习

1. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which

2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke

3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed

4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when D. on which

5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when

6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which

7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there

8.This is one of the best films _______.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that you talked

9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked

10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which

11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that

12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom

13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?A. who B. who's C. which D. whose

14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which

15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as

16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as

17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what

18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him

19.I don't like ______ as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels

20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A. which B. that C. whom D. what

21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who

22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A. them B. which C. whom D. who

23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who

24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8018489279.html,st summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what

改错

1. This is the factory where we visited last week.

2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.

3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.

4. The house in that we live is very small.

5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.

6. I’ve read all the books whi ch I borrowed from the library.

7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.

8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.

9. Everything which we saw was of great interest. 10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.

11. The reason which he didn’t g o to school is that he was ill.12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.

13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard. 14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors.

15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there.

16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.

17. That is the way which they work. 18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.

19. Who is the man who has white hairs? 20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea. Section B

States, there are only three: football, basketball and baseball. If you want to know what ____41E____ it is, just have a look at what people are playing.

For many people in the United States, sports are not just for fun. They’re ____42D____ a religion. Thousands of sports fans buy expensive tickets to watch their ____43F____ teams and athletes play in person. Other fans watch the games at home, glued to their TV sets. The most devoted sports buffs(狂热爱好者) never ____44C____ a game. Many a wife becomes a “sports widow”during her husband’s favorite season. America’s devotion to athletics has ____45G____ a new class of wealthy people: ____46H____ athletes. Sports stars often receive million-dollar salaries. Some even make big money appearing in various ____47I____ such as soft drinks, shoes , cars and so on.

Sports are an important part of American culture. Throughout their school life, Americans learn to play many sports. All students take ____48B____ education classes in school. Some try out for the school teams, while others join school sports leagues. Athletic events at universities attract ____49A____ of fans and benefit the whole community.

Section A

No one would be willing to pay one-third of the price for the packaging or wrapping of what he or she purchases. But over-packaging has become a disease that leads to an __50__ waste of resources and __51__ environmental pollution.

The wasted packaging materials are __52__ to be worth about 280 billion yuan annually. And such packages and wrappings thrown away by customers __53__ up half of the volume of solid waste in cities. __54__, it is high time that regulations were __55__ to stop enterprises from spending too much on unnecessary packaging and wrapping.

To produce paper packaging or wrapping, many more trees have to be cut down. Over-packaging also limits the interest of consumers when they have to spend quite a high percentage on something that they will have to throw into the dustbin. The simple truth is that the more a producer spends on packaging, the __56__ the products it sells will be.

Product packaging and wrapping used to be very simple 30 years ago. "Shabby" was the word many had used to __57__ the way Chinese products were packaged. And shabby packaging was blamed for making Chinese products __58__ in the international market.

It is __59__ to pay enough attention to packaging or wrapping products in such a manner that they can be __60__ to customers' eyes. But that does not definitely justify that packaging should even outshine what is inside.

In the Chinese proverb, “maidu huanzhu,” the buyer returns the pearl and just keeps the case because the __61__ is too fancy and luxurious. It not only laughs at the poor __62__ of the buyer, but also criticizes the unnecessary __63__ the seller has made in making the case. Another message from the proverb is that over-packaging helps cultivate an __64__ consuming attitude - to buy fancy-looking stuff but not what they really need.

50. A. enormous B. available C. invisible D. illegal

51. A. results from B. contributes to C. depends on D. calls for

52. A. predicted B. required C. acknowledged D. estimated

53. A. look B. hold C. make D. add

54. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Furthermore

55. A. observed B. broken C. adopted D. forbidden

56 A. better B. more expensive C. cheaper D. more useful

57. A. recommend B. praise C. consider D. criticize

58. A. popular B. impressive C. unattractive D. qualified

59. A. ridiculous B. incredible C. unnecessary D. reasonable

60. A. accustomed B. appealing C. similar D. grateful

61. A. former B. next C. other D. latter

62. A. judgment B. eyesight C. appetite D. health

63. A. contributions B. efforts C. progress D. use

64. A. unfamiliar B. unhealthy C. unnatural D. unavoidable

1.你的作文除了有点拼写错误之外其他都很好(except for)

2.尽管他今年表现不好,我希望他能在明年翻开新的一页(turn)

3.倘若下起雨来,我们又没有伞怎么办(what if)

4.谈到数学,全班美人能比得上汤姆(come)

5.学生们是否喜欢吃蔬菜因人而异(vary)

6.据说这个房间90%的书都是他的(belong)

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