新概念三册(1-10)课课文详解

新概念三册（1-10）课课文详解

Lesson 01 A Puma at large 逃遁的美洲狮
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Where must the puma have come from?


Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

puma
n. 美洲狮

spot
v. 看出，发现

evidence
n. 证据

accumulate
v. 积累，积聚

oblige
v. 使……感到必须

hunt
n. 追猎；寻找

blackberry
n. 黑莓

human being
人类

corner
v. 使走投无路，使陷入困境

trail
n. 一串，一系列

print
n. 印痕

cling
v. 粘

convince
v. 使……信服

somehow
adv. 不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因

disturb
v. 令人不安

参考译文

美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物，产于美洲。当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。
搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时的看见“一只大猫”，离她仅5码远，她刚看见它，它就立刻逃走了。专家证实，美洲狮非被逼得走投无路，是决不会伤人的

。事实上搜寻工作很困难，因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮，晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹。无论它走哪儿，一路上总会留下一串死鹿及死兔子之类的小动物，在许多地方看见爪印，灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。有人抱怨说夜里听见“像猫一样的叫声”；一位商人去钓鱼，看见那只美洲狮在树上。专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮，但它是从哪儿来的呢？由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮，因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏豢养的，不知怎么设法逃出来了。搜寻工作进行了好几个星期，但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜，真令人担心。

New words and expression 生词和短语

学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用

学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里



puma n.美洲狮



spot v.看出, 发现

= see, pick out, recognize, catch sight of 强调结果, 辨别出, 看见, 识别, 发现

-- A tall man is easy to spot in the crowd.

-- He has good eye for spotting mistakes.

同意词：

-- find：强调发现的结果 / find out：查出事实真相

-- discover：做出重大发现 / notice：注意到

-- observe：观察 / watch：观察活动中的人或画面

Spot n.斑点

-- There is a white spot on the shirt.

on the spot有两个含义：

1> 立刻, 马上（at once, immediately）

-- Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave on the spot.

2> at the place of the action 在现场

-- Wherever she is needed, she is quickly on the spot.



Evidence n.证据（不可数名词）

Evident adj.明显的, 显然的 / evidently adv.明显地, 显然

Evidence = proof (n.证据)

-- When the police arrived, he had already destroyed the evidence.

in evidence 显而易见的

-- He was in evidence at the party.



Accumulate v.积累, 积聚（强调积累的过程）

-- As the evidence accumulates, experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate.

Gather vt.聚集, 把某人召集在某处

-- The teacher gathered his students in the class

Collect vt.搜集, 采集

-- Do you collect stamps? Yes, I collect stamps as my hobby.（n.业余爱好）

Assemble v.集合, 集会 / 装配

-- A large number of people assemble on the square.

Hoard vt.大量的储存 （-- hoard up = store up 储藏）

-- The squirrel hoards up nuts for the cold winter （squirrel n.松鼠）（nut n.坚果）

amass vt.积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）

-- The clouds amassed above the hills

Oblige v.使…感到必须

feel obliged to do sth 感觉有必要做某事

-- I feel obliged to say no to his demand（n.要求, 需要）

be obliged to do sth

被迫做某事

-- They were obliged to sell their car to pay their debts off.（debt n.债务）



hunt v.n.追猎, 寻找 （hunt for）

-- The experts from London zoo began to hunt (v.) for a puma.

-- The hunt (n.) for the puma proved the difficult. （prove vt.证明, 证实）

search 搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物

-- The police were searching the forest for the missing boy.

run after 强调追赶, 追求

-- look, a dog is running after a cat

-- what are you run after in your life

seek = pursue v.追寻(理想)

chase v.追赶 （-- They are chasing a thief / They are running after a thief）



blackberry n.黑莓 / berry n.浆果

human being 人类



corner v.使走投无路, 使陷入困境 作为动词, 经常使用被动语态

-- The thief was cornered at last

-- The problem cornered me.

corner n.角落

-- at the corner of the street -- in the corner of the room -- on the corner of the desk



Trail n.一串, 一系列

trail vt. 跟踪, 追踪（= follow）

-- The police trailed the criminal to the place where he was hiding （criminal n.罪犯）



Print n.印痕



Cling v.粘 （clung, clung, clinging）

-- She is always clinging to her mother.

-- He clung to the hope that he would succeed. 他怀有成功的希望

stick v.粘住 （-- stick the envelop）n.信封

stick to 坚持 （-- stick to the plan / stick to one’s promise）n.许诺

sticky adj.粘的 （-- sticky fingers）

convince v.使…信服

1>convince sb of sth -- I convince him of my honesty.（n.诚实, 正直） 我使他相信我的诚实。

2> be convinced that… -- I am convinced that she is honest girl.（adj.诚实的, 正直的）


somehow adv.不知怎么搞地, 不知什么原因

= by some means, in some way, for some reason unknown

-- I’ll get the book back somehow. 无论如何我要把这本书取回来。

-- I got lost somehow 不知怎么搞地, 我迷失了。

Somewhat adv.稍微, 有点, 有些 （= a little）

-- The price is somewhat higher than I expect.（high adj.高的）

disturb v.令人不安

disturbing adj.令人不安的 / disturbed adj.感到不安的

surprising adj.令人惊讶的 / surprised adj.感到惊讶的

exciting adj.令人激动的 / excited adj.感到激动的



wild adj.野性的, 野生的

investigate v.调查, 研究

description n.描写, 描述

extraordinarily adv.特别地，非常地，格外

similar adj.相似的, 类似的

attack vt.攻击

difficult adj.困难的, 艰难的 difficulty n.困难, 难点

rabbit n.兔, 野兔

paw n.手掌, 手爪

fur n.毛皮, 毛, 软毛

bush n.矮树丛

fully adv.充分地, 完全地

collector n.收藏家, 征收者



Text 课文

at large 逃遁的, 没有被控制的 -- The thief is still at large

at large 详细地

（= in detail）n.细节, 详情 -- I need talk to you at large

at large 总体来讲（= as a whole）

-- The students at large are hungry for English. （hungry adj.饥饿的, 渴望的）



Where must the puma have come from?

Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.

在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果（和中文不同）

英文擅长用长句，中文擅长用短句。

-- Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia. （panda n.熊猫）

cat-like 猫一样的, 偷偷摸摸的 / dog-like 狗一样的 / life-like 栩栩如生的



When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles

south of London, they were not taken seriously.

一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词的后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前

1> 定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰

-- 定语从句的引导词：

-- 指人：主语who；宾语who, whom；定语 whose

-- 指物：that（也可以指人）/ which

-- 时间状语：when / 地点状语：where / 原因状语：why

2> 同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容

-- 同位语从句的引导词：

-- 名词(做主语、宾语等)：关系词用that而不是which

-- 时间：when； 地点：where

-- 定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但what可以引导同位语从句

-- An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.

-- I have no idea what has happened to him。



they were not taken seriously（they指代reports）

take sth seriously = deal with sth seriously 认真地对待某事

-- I always take your suggestions seriously.

take sth lightly 草率地对待某事 （lightly adv.轻率地）

-- Don’t take the hot potato lightly （hot potato n.棘手的问题）



However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to

investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were

extraordinarily similar.

However adv.然而(起转折作用)

As 连词：随着, 当...之时

过去分词做定语：

-- the descriptions given by people

-- the story told by the sailor (n.海员, 水手, 船员)

-- a book written by Luxun

claim to have done sth 声称曾经做过某事

-- He claimed to have been the manager of the large shop.



The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw

'a large cat' only five yards away from her.

Where a woman picking… 定语从句

-- I still remember the school where I studied English.



It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack

a human being unless it is cornered.

Confirm = be sure = be certain (confirm vt.确定)

Unless it is cornered = if it is not cornered (unless conj

.如果不, 除非)

-- He will accept the job unless the salary is too low.



The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning

and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.

search = hunt



Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.

把某物留在后面：leave behind

-- Wherever he went, the wound left behind him a trail of blood.（n.血）



Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.

英文表达方式习惯用被动语态, 突出客观事实。而中文则善于运用动作的执行者。

puma fur was found clinging to bushes. （被动）

à We found the puma fur clinging to bushes. （主动）

-- clinging to bushes是现在分词短语做宾补

Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip

saw the puma up a tree.

complain of/about sth 抱怨某事

on+名词：强调动作正在进行

-- on the rise 在上升 / on the increase 在增加

-- on the watch 在观看 / on the match 在比赛中

-- on the fishing trip 在钓鱼的途中 / on holiday 在度假



The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come

from?

Fully（adv.充分地, 完全地）= completely = entirely



As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have

been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.

sth be in the possession of sb = sth be in sb's possession 某物归某人所有(主语是物)

-- The beautiful car is in my possession.= The beautiful car is in the possession of me.

Sb be in possession of sth 某人拥有某物(主语是人)

-- I am in possession of the beautiful car.（in possession of… 做表语）

-- The person in possession of the big house is excited. （in possession of… 做定语）

take possession of… 拥有…



The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught.

Went on = lasted （last vi.继续, 持续）



It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.

It is disturbing to think that... 一想到…就心理不安

-- It is disturbing to think that I fail my examination

in the quiet countryside 在宁静的山村



Special difficulties 难点

Exercises A

1. at/for 2. to 3. to 4. in 5. on

Exercises B

1. He is the man we have heard about so much.

2. The shelf you put those books on has collapsed.（vi.倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解）

3.Whom did you receive a letter from?

特殊疑问句中whom 不能省略（本句）。

定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom, 在非正式用法当中可以省略。

省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词Whom, Which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。

固定的动词短语

look for：寻找（去掉for后look没有寻找的意思，所以介词for不能前置）

非固定的动词短语

look at：注视

live in：居住（去掉in后live仍有居住的意思，所以介词in可以前置）

This is the old house in which he lived. = This is the old house he lived in.

4.This is the road we came by?

5.Where is the pencil you were playing with?



Multiple choice questions 多项选择

1… 正确答案：D in common adv.共有 （替换了similar）

2… 正确答案：B

A）只是一个具体的特定的事列，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意 B） large cat

persuade v.说服, 劝说

3… 答案正确：C

做理解题时要紧扣主题、紧扣中心大意。文章最后一句话总结了大意

句型结构题和词汇题是每课的关键

4… 答案正确：C

Make的用法：

make somebody do（在主动语态中不定式的符号to应该省略）

be made to do（被动语态中不定式的符号to必须补充完整）

-- They made her wait for hours. à She was made to wait for hours.

5… 答案正确： D

A）把say改成claim就对了 （-- People claimed to have seen the puma.）

D）清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系

6… 正确答案：B

原句中的 when引导的时间状语从句表示：－...就…（as soon as）

被动：On being observed, it immediately ran away.

主动：On observing her, it immediately ran away.

On seeing me, he waved to me.

7… 正确答案：D

except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配（也可是when/if引导的从句形式）

unless = if...not = except on the condition that…

when = if

-- …except when they are cornered. = …except if they are cornered.

-- Whenever you come, you are welcome. = If ever you come, you are welcome.

8… 正确答案：D

A）must be只是对客观现实的推测，时态不一致

-- 对于过去事实推测一定要用：情态动词+ have +过去分词

9… 正确答案：C

on more than = nothing more than = only / within = not more than

10… 正确答案：B

in a corner 偷偷摸摸地, 暗中地, 秘密地

in a trap 落于陷阱中

at an angle 不正的, 倾斜的（angle n.角, 角度, 角落, 墙角, 棱角）

under cover 在遮蔽处, 秘密地, 暗中

11... 正确答案：B

fishes for pleasure 钓鱼消遣 travel for pleasure 外出游玩 read for pleasure 阅读消遣

12… on one's own adv.独自地, 独立地, 主动地 （= alone）

for one's own benefit 为了某人自己的利益

happen on 碰巧碰上

-- I happened on this old picture in the back of the drawer.

我偶然的在抽屉的背面发现了这张旧照片。

-- Guess, who did I happen on while I was in London last month?

This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved.

It was very old and precious even then.

When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the

goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.

Reconstruct = put together, piece together, restore（vt.恢复, 使回复）

Amazed = very much surprised

surprised > astonished > amazed > astounded 感到惊讶（语气递增）

to find... / to discover... / to realize... / to see…

-- I'm not surprised to see you here



1> turn out…（表示结果）结果是, 原来是 （= prove, 都表示系动词）

turn out (to be)+ n./adj.

-- The concert turned out to be a failure.

-- Our party turned out (to be) a success. 我们的聚会非常的成功。

2> It turned out + that从句 （it作形式主语）

It turned out +其它名词从句

-- It turned out that the diamonds had been in the bank all the time.

原来钻石一直都在银行里保存着。

-- It turned out that his statement was false. 原来他的话是假的。

3> as it turns out… 后来人们发现…

-- As it turned out, there was no need to worry. 后来人们发现, 没有必要担心。

-- As it turned out, the report was mistaken. 后来人们发现, 报告被弄错了



She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips.

rest on v.被搁在, 停留在, 信赖

= depend on（依靠, 依赖）/ lean on（靠着）

-- His hand rested lightly on my shoulder



She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground.

which swept the ground 近一步说明拖地的，拽地的



Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been

unable to discover her identity.

But, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.

= It is still a problem for the archaeologists up to now.

Despite = in spite of （两者都是介词），后面+ 名词/动名词

so far, up to now 完成时的标志

discover her identity = find out her identity



Multiple choice questions 多项选择

1... D 'Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.'

2... D be employed in 被应用在...方面

this is confirmed by the fact that 引导同位语从句，补充说明fact的内容

3... A in doing sth 在...方面

4... D prosperity n.繁荣（不可数）

know 1>知道, 认识

2>（文学用语）经历过, 曾经有过（= experience, 比experience更加正式）

-- He knew poverty in his early days. 他早年有过痛苦的经历

5... B since：自从 （主干的时态为现在完成时）

6... C

to one's surprise 使某人感到惊讶的是

在句中可做独立的状语, 句子的主语不必是某个人

-- To my great disappointment the train had already left

with surprise 惊讶地 （With satisfaction/delight/dismay）

必须与行为动词连用, 句子的主语必须是某个人

-- He smoked his last cigarette with sati

sfaction.

-- He went home with dismay.

-- To our dismay the party proved to be a failure.

7... B despite = in spite of (可以和名词、代词、动名词搭配)

8… B so far：现在完成时的标志

如果用possible/impossible, 就要采用形势主语it

-- So far, it has been impossible for the archaeologists to discover her identity.

9... A Holy adj. 神圣的, 圣洁的

religious 宗教的 / frightening 令人害怕的 / colourful 丰富多彩的

10... D in good condition情况良好 = in good state

well done 侧重强调做得好

conserve vt.保存, 保藏 （= keep from being wasted, damaged, lost, destroyed）

“不用尽或耗尽某物，保留”

-- Conserve your energy you needed. （energy n.精力, 精神）

你该养精蓄锐，你回用得上的。

-- We must conserve our forest.

maintain vt.维持, 维修 -- 通过修缮保养, 不使...破损（强调动作的过程）

11... B turn out = prove, 都表示系动词

resolve vt,vi决定 vt.(使)分解, 溶解

-- He resolved on going out. 他决定出去。

12... B

so far = until now, up till now

beforehand (adv.预先) = in advance (adv.预先)

at this distance of/in time 时隔已久

-- I can hardly remember him at this distance of time. 时隔这么久, 我几乎想不起来他了。


The double life of Alfred Bloggs
阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why did Alf want a white-collar job?

These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as "white-collar workers' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.
When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret 。Alf's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

manual
adj. 体力的

collar
n. 衣领

sacrifice
v. 牺牲，献出

privilege
n. 好处

dustman
n. 清洁工

corporation
n. 公司

overalls
n. 工作服

shower
n. 淋浴

secret
n. 秘密

status
n. 地位

参考译文

如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。坐办公室的之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德.布洛斯就是一个例子。
艾尔弗结婚时，感到非常难为情，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。他只说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班。每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西装离家上班，然后换上工作服，当8个小时清洁工。晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服。两年多以来，艾尔弗一直这样，他的同事也为他保守秘密。艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了，因为艾尔弗已找到薪职，不久就要坐办公室里工作了。他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。不过他觉得，地位升高了，损失点儿钱也值得。从此，艾尔弗可以一天到晚穿西服了。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。

New words and expression 生词和短语

Double adj.两倍的, 双重的

manual adj.体力的 （= physical adj.身体的, 物质的）

manual work 体力工作

mental work 脑力工作

collar n.衣领

white-collar adj.白领阶层的, 脑力劳动者（those who do mental work）

blue-collar adj蓝领阶级的, 工人阶级的（those who do manual work）

get hot under the collar 怒气冲天

-- He got hot under the collar when he knew that they laughed at him.

sacrifice vt.牺牲，献出 （to give up for good purpose）

-- sacrifice one's life for the country

-- sacrifice time

sacrifice n.牺牲 （-- make many sacrifices）

privilege n.好处 （= advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益）

-- sacrifice one's advantage/privilege 牺牲掉某人的好处

privilege n.特权, 特别待遇（= special right）

-- give sb the privilege of doing sth 特许某人做某事

privileged a.荣幸的

-- We are privileged tonight to have our headmaster as our speaker.

dustman n.清洁工

corporation n.公司

overalls n.工作服

shower n.淋浴

secret n.秘密 adj.秘密的, 隐秘的

Confidential adj.机密的

keep secret 保密

-- It's between you and me. 此事只介于你我之间。

-- I'll keep it to myself. 我会保守秘密的。

in secret 私下里（= secretly, in private, privately） -- I

was told about it in secret.

in the secret 知道内情 -- He was in the secret from the beginning

status n.地位（= social position）

statue n.雕像, 塑像

rise n.发生, 出现

loss n.损失

fellow n.伙伴, 朋友, 同事 adj.同伴的, 同事的, 同道的



Text 课文

Why did Alf want a white-collar job?

These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who

work in offices.

people who do manual work = blue-collar workers

people who do mental work = white-collar workers = people who work in offices

for more money（far副词用来加强语气= much）



People who work in offices are frequently referred to as "white-collar workers' for the

simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.

refer to...as = regard...as 把...看作为

-- I always refer to him as bookworm（n.书呆子）

for the simple reason = for 引导的原因状语从句

for the reason that多用于正式文体，because多用于口语中。

-- He is refer to as a book worm for the simple reason that he spare no efforts reading.

-- He was send to prison for he could not pay his debts.



Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for

the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.

human nature 人性

such...that... （that引导同位语从句, 进一步补充说明such的基本内涵）

-- His kindness was such that we will never forget him.

= Such was his kindness that… （such在句首要倒装）

= He was so kind that we will never forget him.

-- Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.

介词for表示一种目的

be willing to do sth = be ready to do sth 心甘情愿做



This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as

a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.

give rise to =（lead to v.导致, 通向）（cause vt.引起, 惹起）（result in v.导致）

-- Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 这种行为会引起误解。



-- The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes. 不良的环境引起了犯罪。



in the case of 就...来说, 关于, 就...而言 （= concerning prep.关于, 涉及, 就...说）

-- Stealing is no shame in the case of him. 偷窃对他来说不是一件可耻的事。

in case of（副词）万一, 以防 à （in case conj.万一）

-- You should ensure your house in case of fire. （ensure vt.保证; 担保, 保险）

-- Take umbrella in case of rain 带上雨伞以防下雨。

who引导定语从句



When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.

too embarrassed to say 太尴尬而没有说明

be ashamed of 感到羞愧, 惭愧

-- Alf was ashamed of his job as a dustman.

marry 强调动作 （-- He married the

girl. 他娶了这个女孩。）

get married 强调过程（-- Last year they got married.）

be married to sb 强调状态（-- The old man has been married to his wife for 50 years.）



He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.

Simply 副词--用来修饰限定动词told



Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit.

dressed in a smart black suit --形容词短语表示一种状态 打方框代表有问题

-- He go to work dressed in a beautiful coat.

-- He left home wearing a smart black suit.



He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.

changed into 换上 / change back into 换回



Before returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit.

Before returning home = Before he returned home

Before和动名词搭配, 相当于Before引导的时间状语从句。

如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语

-- After getting home, he had a good rest.

-- Before having dinner, he finished all his homework.

Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret.

Alf's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf

has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office.

she never will = she will never discover the secret

在省略句式中, never要放在助动词之前

-- “will you go to see her?”

-- “I will never to to see her" = "No, I never will."

He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well

worth the loss of money.

half as much as

half / a quarter / twice / three times + as...as... 表示倍数

-- I won't marry a man who is twice as old as me.

-- We got three times as many people as we expected.

-- This room is about three times as large as that one.

是...的几倍：...as +形容词或副词原形+ as...

比...多几倍：...times +形容词或副词比较级+ than…

-- This road is four times longer than that one. = This road is five times as long as that one.

What he obtained is well worth the loss of time. 他的所得是值得花时间的。

well 副词用来加强语气, 修饰形容词worth

From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'.

Special difficulties 难点

impossibility n.不可能之事, 不可能

grant vt.同意, 准予

A. 两类词汇：

1>tell, give等动词可以和双宾语搭配（指物的直接宾语，指人的间接宾语）

-- He told a story to me. = He told me a story .

2>explain, say等动词只能代一个(直接)宾语, 在间接宾语前要用介词to

-- He explain the difficult to me. / He said nothing to me.

-- She speaks English to her husband and Swedish to her children.

-- He admitted his guilt to the police.（guilt n.罪行, 内疚）

-- Did you suggest this idea

to him?

当直接宾语比较长或者是个从句时, 通常放在间接宾语之后（但say除外）

-- I explained to him the impossibility of granting his request.

= I explained the impossibility of granting his request to him.

-- He confessed to me that he had fallen asleep during the meeting.

= He confessed that he had fallen asleep during the meeting to me.

confide vt., vi.

1> 倾诉（与in连用）

-- Jone felt she could only confide in her mother. 琼觉得她只有向她妈妈倾吐心中的秘密。

2> 吐露 (心事、秘密等), 与to连用

-- One evening he came and confided to me that he had spent five years in prison.

有一天晚上他到我家来向我吐露他曾坐过五年牢。



B.“Worth"后面只能跟名词或动名词

-- His suggestion is worth considering.

-- His rise in status is worth the loss of money.



Multiple choice questions 多项选择

1... A illustrate vt.阐明, 阐述

“...a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming

white-collar worker"

2... C double life

3... D "...he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money"

previous adj.在前的, 早先的

respect n.某方面 vt.尊敬, 尊重

4... B to go 可以省略

They usually go to work wearing a collar and tie.

5... D "Alfred was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job."

too...to…（不定式to表示否定）

so...that…（在that引导的结果状语从句中, 如果采用否定式，可以和too...to 互换）

-- The water is too hot for us to drink. = The water is so hot that we can't drink.

6... C "He simply told her that he worker of the Corporation"

simply副词（仅仅是, 再没有别的了= only, just）

无论是simply, only还是just，往往用在所修饰的主体词之前。

-- I did it simply/only for the money

-- I don't like driving. I do it simply/only because I have to go to work each day.

and no more（放句尾）

in a simple way 简单地, 简朴地

-- She was always dressed in a simple way.

7... B

Before是介词和动名词形式搭配。 -- Before returning home...

Before是连接词，引导时间状语从句。 -- Before he returned home...

before 引导的从句, 常用一般现在时或一般过去时, 不用进行时。

8... C "half as much as it used to be"

the amount 要用定语从句进行限定

当主句的谓语动词是行为动词时，used to之后的动词必须省略掉

当主句的谓语动词是系动词时，used to之后必须带有系动词be.

-- I feel the summers are hotter than they used to be.

-- I feel you are much fatter than you used to be.

9... D gain：获利, 赢得（表示通过努力）

-- gain time, gain reputation, gain speed, gain height

fee：（为专业服务支付的）费用

-- doctor's fees 医疗费 / the lawyer's fees 律

师费

-- pay for my university fees 支付我的大学学费

payment：（商业、信贷）支付的款项（非常正式）

wages：（体力劳动者的）工资

salary：（白领的）薪水

10... B companion n.同伴, 共事者 comrade n.朋友, 同志, 伙伴

11... C "well worth the loss of money"

pay back 偿还, 报复

reward 酬劳 value 价值

compensate v.偿还, 补偿

compensate for赔偿 = make up for弥补

-- His intelligence more than compensate for his lack of experience.

12... A call = addressed as被称为

name命名 / cry out喊叫 / shout v.呼喊, 呼叫


Lesson 5 The facts 确切数字


Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What was the consequence of the editor's insistence on facts and statistics?

Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but the took a long time to send them Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

editor
n. 编辑

extreme
n. 极端

statistics
n. 统计数字

journalist
n. 新闻记者

president
n. 总统

palace
n. 王宫；宏伟的住宅

publish
v. 出版

fax
n. 传真

impatient
adj. 不耐烦的

fire
v. 解雇

originally
adv. 起初，原先，从前

参考译文

报刊杂志的编辑常常为了向读者提供成立一些关紧要的事实和统计数字而走向极端。去年，一位记者受一家有名的杂志的委托写一篇关于非洲某个新成立共和国总统府的文章。稿子寄来后，编辑看第一

句话就拒绝予以发表。文章的开头是这样的：“几百级台阶通向环绕总统的高墙。”编辑立即给那位记者发去传真，要求他核实一下台阶的确切数字和围墙的高度。
记者立即出发去核实这些重要的事实，但过了好长时间不见他把数字寄来，在此期间，编辑等得不耐烦了，因为杂志马上要付印。他给记者先后发去两份传真，但对方毫无反应。于是他又发了一份传真，通知那位记者说，若再不迅速答复，将被解雇。但记者还是没有回复。编辑无奈，勉强按原样发稿了。一周之后，编辑终于接到记者的传真。那个可怜的记者不仅被捕了，而且还被送进了监狱。不过，他终于获准发回了一份传真。在传真中他告诉编辑，就在他数通向15英尺高的总统府围墙的1，084级台阶时，被抓了起来。

New words and expression 生词和短语

Editor n.编辑

Edit vt.编辑

-- edit magazine, edit newspaper

Edition n.编辑

Editorial adj.编辑的, 主编的 n.社论, 评论

extreme n.极端

go to extreme(s) to do… 做某事走极端

-- He went to extreme to say that the play was the best one.

-- He went to extremes to say that his girlfriend was the most beautiful in the world.

go from one extreme to the other 从一个极端走向另一个极端

statistics n.统计数字

journalist n.新闻记者

reporter n.(电视台)记者

correspondent n.(电台)记者, 通讯员

president n.总统

palace n.王宫；宏伟的住宅

publish v.出版 = print(vt.), go to press(vi.)

-- The book has already been published. = The book has already been printed.

-- The book has gone to press.

-- They have already published the magazine.

Fax n.传真 （-- send a fax）

impatient adj.不耐烦的

patience（n.耐性） patient（adj.有耐心的） patiently（adv.有耐心地）

impatience（n.不耐烦） impatient（adj.不耐烦的） impatiently（adv.不耐烦地）

fire v.解雇（口语）

-- He was fired from his job

dismiss vt.解雇（正式）

-- The manage dismissed him from his company.

Sack vt.解雇, 辞退（俚语, 口语）

-- If you do it wrong again you will be sacked.

Originally adv.起初，原先，从前 / original adj.最初的, 原始的



Text 课文

What was the consequence of the editor's insistence on facts and statistics?

Consequence n.结果

Insistence n.坚持, 坚决主张



Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with

unimportant facts and statistics.

go to extremes 走极端

provide = supply 给...提供（通常与介词搭配连用）

provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb

-- He provided them with a bed for the night.

= He provided a bed for them for the night

Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-kno

wn magazine to write an article on

the president's palace in a new African republic.

本句= A well-known magazine instructed a journalist to write an article on the president's palace

in a new African republic.

African n.非洲人 adj.非洲的

Republic n.共和国, 共和政体

Instruct vt.教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知

instruct sb to do sth.= tell sb formally to do sth 正式告诉某人做某事

-- The teacher instructed him to take the examination.

On = about 侧重强调课题专一

-- a book on radio

When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it.

When the article arrived = When the editor received the article

refuse vt.拒绝（态度严厉）

-- I invited him to dinner, but he refused me.

decline vt.婉言谢绝

repudiate vt.断然拒绝

The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's

palace'.

which 指代the high wall

The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of

steps and the height of the wall.

Instructing(现在分词)进一步补充说明fax的情况

-- he send me a letter instructing me to come back immediately

The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time

to send them.

set out to do = decide and try to do 决定, 打算, 着手做...

= set about doing 决定, 打算, 着手做...

-- He set out to make his first 1,000,000 in 5 years.

take sb a long time to do sth 某事花了某人很久的时间

-- It took me five days to write the article.

Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.

He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply.

two more faxes = another two faxes

He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be

fired.

When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it

had originally been written.

reluctantly = unwilling 勉勉强强地, 不情愿地

as it bad originally been written = in its original way

A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist.

Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.

Not only位于句首, 必须采用倒装形式。

本句 = The poor man had not only been arrested, but had been sent to prison as well.

倒装：（部分倒装）

1>否定副词位于句首, 要倒装。

never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, no sooner

scarcely adv.几乎不, 简直没有

nowhere adv.无处, 到处都无

-- Never have I read such stories. 我从来也没读过这样的小说。

-- Nowhere can he find the book he wants. 无论在哪他也找不到他要的书。

-- Hardly did I think it possible. 我并不认为这是可能的。

2>含有only的状语位于

句首, 句子要倒装。

-- Only then did he realize that he had made a mistake.

-- Only when a great deal more information has been obtained will it be possible to plan a trip.

3>含有not的副词短语位于句首, 句子要倒装。

not for a second 决不, 毫不 / not in the least 绝不, 一点也不

not for an instant, not until

-- Not in the least is he interested in English literature. 他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。

-- Not for an instant did I believe he had lied. 我根本不认为他说了慌。

4>含有no的短语位于句首, 句子要倒装。

at on time, in no way , in no sense, by no means, in no case, on no account, on no condition,

under no circumstances （都表示‘绝不’）

circumstance n.环境, 详情, 境况

-- Under no circumstances can we accept the check. 我们无论如何也不能接受这笔钱。

-- On no account must you leave the baby in the house. 你无论如何也不能把留在房间里。

5> so such 位于句首, 句子要倒装。



However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the

he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which

surrounded the president's palace.

he had at last been allowed = he had at last been permitted = he had asked for permission

请求被允许做某事：be allowed to do, be permitted to do, asked for permission to do sth

permit v.许可,允许,准许 permission n.许可, 允许

in which -- which指代fax

while和现在分词搭配, 做时间状语, 表示“正在做某事的过程中”。

-- 可以用while引导的时间状语从句去替换。

-- While counting… = while he was counting…

现在分词做定语：

-- the steps leading to the president's palace 通向王宫的台阶。

-- the road leading to the forest 通向森林的路。

fifteen-foot做前置定语, 这里的名词必须上单数形式。

which引导的定语从句修饰wall, which指代wall。

-- wall which surrounded… （= wall surrounding…）

n 为了避免和前面的现在分词句式结构(leading)相同所以没有用surrounding.



Special difficulties 难点here

倒装的用法

1.Not only has he made this mistake before but he will make it again.

2.Only then did I realize what was happening

3.Never will I trust him again.

4.Seldom do you find traffic wardens who are kind and helpful.

traffic warden n. 交通管理员 （warden n.监护人；看守人）



Multiple choice questions 多项选择

1… C

excuse n.理由, 借口 beyond prep.除…以外 satisfy vt.满足, 使满意

dissatisfy vt.使感觉不满, 不满足 factual adj.事实的, 实际的 content n.内容

2… B

3... A activity n.行动, 行为 / suspicious adj.可疑的, 怀疑的

4… B 课文中的and then强调动作的先后。 -- Havi

ng seen the movie, they went for a walk.

6... D a reply表示“任意”的一个答复

7... B unless = if not 一般过去时

8… C inform sb of/about sth

9… C public n.公众, (特定的)人群 audience n.听众, 观众 lecture n.演讲

10… B print = publish

press n.压, 按 go to press 交付印刷

pressing adj.紧迫的；迫切的

impress vt.盖印, 留下印象

11... D innocent adj.清白的, 无罪的, 天真的, 无知的 unfortunate adj.不幸的

12... D 请求允许做某事：ask for permission to do sth

允许某人做某事：be given permission to do sth

admit + 名词/动名词/that从句

Lesson 6 Smash-and-grab 砸橱窗抢劫
E 英音版
Windows Media Player文件

点击开始播放
点击关闭 A 美音版
Windows Media Player文件

点击开始播放
点击关闭


Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How did Mr. Taylor try to stop the thieves?

The expensive shops in a famous near Piccadilly were just "opening. At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty. Mr. Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new display. Two of his assistants had been working busily since eight o'clock and had only just finished. Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr. Taylor went back into his shop.
The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its home blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweller's. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stocking over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars. While this was going on, Mr. Taylor was upstairs. He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window. Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade. One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain. The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed. Just as it was leaving, Mr. Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases, but it was impossible to stop the thieves. They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

smash-and-grab
n. 砸橱窗抢劫

arcade
n. 有拱廊的街道（两旁常设商店）

Piccadilly
n. 皮卡迪利大街

jewllery
n. 珠宝（总称）

necklace
n. 项链

ring
n. 戒指

background
n. 背景

velvet
n. 天鹅绒，丝绒

headlight
n. （汽车等）前灯

blare
v. 发嘟嗜声，吼叫

staff
n. 全体工作人员

raid
n. 偷袭

scramble
n. 偷袭

scramble
v. 爬行

fantastic
adj. 非常大的

ashtray
n. 烟灰缸

参考译文

皮卡迪利大街附近的一条著名拱廊街道上，几家高档商店刚刚开始营业。在早晨的这个时候，拱廊街上几乎空无一人。珠宝店主泰勒先生正在欣赏新布置的橱窗。他手下两名店员从早上8点就开始忙碌，这时刚刚布置完毕。钻石项链、戒指漂亮地陈列在黑色丝绒上面。泰勒先生站在橱窗外凝神欣赏了几分钟就回到了店里。
宁静突然被打破，一辆大轿车亮着前灯，响着喇叭，呼啸着冲进了拱廊街，在珠宝店门口停了下来。一人留在驾驶座上，另外两个用黑色长筒丝袜蒙面的人跳下车来。他们用铁棒把商店橱窗的玻璃砸碎。这开始发生时，泰勒先生正在楼上。他与店员动手向窗外投掷家具，椅子，桌子飞落花流水在拱廊街上。一个窃贼被一尊很重的雕像击中，但由于他忙着抢钻石首饰，竟连疼痛都顾不上了。这场抢劫只持续了3分钟，因为窃贼争先恐后地爬上轿车，以惊人的速度开跑了。就在轿车离开的时候，泰勒先生从店里冲了出来，跟在车后追赶，一边还往车上扔烟灰缸、花瓶。但他已无法抓住那些窃贼了。他们已带着价值数千镑的首饰逃之夭夭了。

New words and expression 生词和短语

smash-and-grab n.砸橱窗抢劫

smash vt.打碎, 粉碎（= break sth into pieces violently）violently adv.猛烈地

-- Smash the car.

Smash vi.打碎, 粉碎（-- The dishes smashed on the floor.）

smash into 撞击到某处 （-- The bus smashed into a tree.）

grab v.抢夺, 掠夺, 夺取（= seize suddenly）

-- He grabbed me by the arm.

-- He grabbed the coin and ran off. 他抓起硬币就跑了。

snatch vt.抢, 夺取（= catch sth/sb suddenly and violently）

-- The big bird snatches the hen from the ground.

Seize v.抓住, 逮住, 夺取（强调抓住、抓到的结果）　

-- Fear seized her. 她突然感觉很恐惧。

catch vt.捕获, 赶上(车船等) （= get hold of sth/sb moving）

-- catch mouse / catch bus / catch a thief

Grasp 强调“掌握”

-- We have already grasped six thousand words.

Hold 强调抓牢、抓紧（catch hold of 抓住）

-- He is holding an umbrella.

arcade n.有拱廊的街道（两旁常设商店）

Piccadilly n.皮卡迪利大街

Jewellery n.珠宝（总称）

Necklace n.项链

Ring n.戒指

Background n.背景 （on the background of sth.）

-- background information 背景资料

-- a man of excellent background 有很好的背景的人

velvet n.天鹅绒，丝绒

headlight n.（汽车等）前灯

blare v.发嘟嗜声，吼叫

staff n.全体工作人员

raid n.偷袭 / raid vt., vi.袭击, 突击

scramble v.爬行（= creep quickly）

-- The two thieves scrambled into their car.

Climb

vt.爬上（-- climb up the tree）

Mount vt.登上（-- mount the hill）

Fantastic adj. 非常大的

1> = very great / very large 非常大的

-- a fantastic sum of money = a very large sum of money

2> = strange adj.奇怪的, 奇异的

-- a strange dream = a fantastic dream

3> = wonderful adj.极好的, 美好的, 极妙的

-- a fantastic play.

ashtray n.烟灰缸



owner n.所有者, 业主

admire vt. 以赞赏的眼光看着

busily adv.忙碌地

arrange v.安排, 排列, 协商

horn n.(牛、羊等的)角, 喇叭

roar vi.吼叫, 怒号

jeweler n.珠宝商, 宝石匠,钟表匠

wheel n.（汽车的）方向盘

iron n.铁 adj.铁的

furniture n.家具

diamond n.钻石, 菱形



Text 课文

How did Mr. Taylor try to stop the thieves?

The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just "opening.

介词短语修饰shops

-- The shoe shop in my neighborhood was just opening.

在我家附近的鞋店刚刚开门营业



At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty.



Mr. Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new window display.

BeiJing, our capital, is developing enormously.

-- enormously adv.非常地, 巨大地（= at fantastic speed）



Two of his assistants had been working busily since eight o'clock and had only just finished.

Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black

velvet.



After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr. Taylor went back into his shop.

After gazing at… = After he gazed at…

After having gazed at… = After he had gazed at…



The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn

blaring, roared down the arcade.

with的符合结构：（独立主格结构）

1>如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，应该采用现在分词形式作宾补。

-- She sat staring into the distance with tears streaming down her cheeks.

她坐着凝视着远方泪流满面。 （Cheek n.脸颊, 面颊）

-- She stood there with her hands resting on her hips

2>如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是动宾关系，应该采用过去分词形式作宾补。

-- He ran into the room with his face covered with tears.

-- With his homework finished, he felt happy.

3>如果表达某事将要发生，要用动词不定式to；

-- With a lot of work to do, he can't go to the cinema.

4>如果是说明当时的情况，常用形容词、副词、介词短语表明宾语的状态；

-- He used to sleep with all the windows open.（open adj.开着的）

-- He went out with his hat on.（on是副词）

-- With the meeting over, we went home.（over adv.结束）

-- He came in with a knife in his hand.（in his hand --介词短语）

-- Tow others with black stockings over their faces jumped out.（over the

ir faces --介词短语）

另外两个脸上蒙着黑色袜子的人跳了出来。




5>总结：

with用于句首或句尾，常表示状语、行为方式、原因、伴随状况等。

with如果跟在名词之后，是用来修饰限定该名词。

-- a thief with stocking over his face.

-- a teacher with a book under his arm.

-- a room with the windows open.



It came to a stop outside the jeweller's.

come to 后面常接名词, 表示达到

-- come to a stop停下来 / come to an end结束 / come to a decision做出决定

-- come to an agreement达成协议 / come to an understanding互相理解

-- come to success获得成功, come to fame成名

停车 stop = draw up = pull up



at the barber's在理发店 / at the butcher's在肉店 / at the baker's在面包店

at the greengrocer's在蔬菜水果店 / at the grocer's在杂货店 / at the stationer's 在文具店

at the tobacconist's在烟草店 / at the chemist's在药店

barber n.理发员, 理发师

butcher n.屠夫, 肉商

baker n.面包师, 面包工人 n.<美>(便携式)烘炉

greengrocer n.蔬菜水果商人 n.蔬菜水果商店

grocer n.食品商人 n.杂货店

stationer n.文具商人 n.文具店

tobacconist n.烟草商人 n.烟店

chemist n.化学家, 药剂师

One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stocking over their faces jumped

out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars.

While this was going on, Mr. Taylor was upstairs.

He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window.

Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade.



One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to

diamonds to notice any pain.

help oneself to 自便

-- My roommate helped herself to my clothes without asking me.



The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved

off at a fantastic speed.

at a fantastic speed / at a tremendous speed / at a high speed / at a full speed

with great speed



Just as it was leaving, Mr. Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases,

but it was impossible to stop the thieves.



They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.

hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of jewel



Special difficulties 难点

前缀构词法：

1> dis

加在形容词前

-- agreeable（adj.使人愉快的） à disagreeable（adj.不愉快的）

-- content（adj.满意的 vt.使满足） à discontent（adj.不满的 vt.令人不满 n.不满）

-- graceful（adj.优美的） à disgraceful（adj.使失体面的, 耻辱的）

-- honest（adj.诚实的, 正直的） à dishonest（adj.不诚实的）

-- satisfactory（adj.满意的） à dissatisfactory（adj.不满意的）

加在名词前

-- agreement（n.同意） à disagreement（n.意见不同）

-- ho