2020-2021年中考英语阅读理解试题分类汇编经典(1)
2020-2021年中考英语阅读理解试题分类汇编经典(1)
一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
B
People all have problems. If we don't deal with these problems, we can easily become unhappy. Worrying about our problems can affect how we do at school. It can also influence the way we behave with our families. So how do we deal with our problems? There are many ways and here is one of them
Most of us have probably been angry with our friends, parents or teachers. Perhaps they said something you didn't like, or you felt they were unfair. Sometimes people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good friendship may be lost.
When we are angry, however, we are usually the ones affected. Perhaps we have seen young children playing together. Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other. However, this usually does not last for long. This is an important lesson for us to learn.（1）What is the writer?
A. A shopkeeper.
B. A doctor.
C. A student.
D. A dentist.
（2）What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How to deal with problems.
B. How to do at school.
C. How to behave with families.
D. How to talk to each other.
（3）What will happen if people stay angry for long according to the text?
A. They feel unfair.
B. They may get sick.
C. Good friendship may be lost.
D. They may miss each other.
（4）Children decide not to talk to each other probably because_______.
A. they become unhappy
B. they have different ideas
C. they worry about a small problem
D. they want disagreements
（5）From the passage, we know an important lesson for us is
A. playing together
B. learning to forget
C. staying angry
D. feeling unfair
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）B
【解析】【分析】人与人之间难免会有磕磕碰碰，相处的时候出现了问题怎么办？本文告
诉我们怎样处理与人相处时的问题。
⑴推理判断l.根据第一段Worrying about our problems can affect how we do at school. 可知作者是一个学生。不是店主、医生或牙医。故选C。
⑵主旨大意。根据文章第一段People all have problems. If we don't deal with these problems, we can easily become unhappy. 可知问题讨论如何处理问题，故选A。
⑶根据Sometimes people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good friendship may be lost可知为小事长时间生气会失去好朋友。故选C。
⑷根据 Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other.可知小孩不说话是因为他们有分歧。故选B。
⑸归纳总结。根据最后一句话This is an important lesson for us to learn. 可知长时间生气不好，所以要学会遗忘。故选B。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
2．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。
C
What is your favorite color? Ask famous persons like Cate Blanchett, Scarlett Johnson, and Bono （singer for the band U2）, and maybe they will say “green.” That’s not b ecause these artists like the color green best. Instead, they are interested in green fashion.
Green fashion is about making （and wearing） clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth. In the past, green fashion made people think of ugly clothes. But today, green fashion is different. It is about looking good and caring about the Earth and other people. You can have interesting clothes and be green.
Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular. For example, the U.K. company People Tree sells men’s and women’s clothing and accessories（配搭物）. They are made from natural fabrics（织物）like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya（肯尼亚）, and Bangladesh（孟加拉国）. People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make.
Singer Bono and his wife also started a clothing company called EDUN. When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world.
（1）From this passage, we know that “green fashion” means________.
A. putting green color on your face
B. making clothes from green trees
C. wearing the color green all the time
D. wearing clothes that are good for the Earth （2）Today, green fashion is ___________.
A. the same as it was in the past
B. making people work harder
C. more popular and interesting
D. mostly popular with famous persons
（3）Which sentence about green clothing companies is true?
A. They are all in Africa.
B. They do not pay their workers well.
C. They make clothes only for women.
D. They use natural fabrics to make clothes.
（4）What does EDUN do?
A. It teaches people to make clothes.
B. It makes interesting clothes for teenagers.
C. It sells clothes and uses the money to help people.
D. It pays people good money for the clothes they make.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】
⑴细节理解。根据第二段Green fashion is about making （and wearing ） clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth 可知绿色时尚是做或者穿对人、动物和地球有益的衣服。故选D 。
⑵细节理解。根据第二段 But today, green fashion is different.和第三段Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular 可知当今绿色时尚更受欢迎。故选C 。
⑶细节理解。根据第三段可知he U.K. company People Tree sells men's and women's clothing and accessories （配搭物）. They are made from natural fabrics （织物） like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya （肯尼亚）, and Bangladesh （孟加拉国）. People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make. 可知他们用天然纤维制作衣服。ABC 错误，故选D 。
⑷细节理解。跟最后一句When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world. 可知他们用钱帮助全世界的人们。故选Ｃ
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
3．阅读理解
Edinburgh is the world's "festival city". The city holds 12 festivals throughout the year, half of which are celebrated during the months of July and August. Hundreds of thousands of people visit the Scottish capital during the summer. Here are some of the events they can enjoy. The Edinburgh International Festival
This is the original （最初的） Edinburgh festival, which began in 1947.
Actors, musicians, dancers and opera singers from all over the world
perform for large audiences. You need tickets for most of the festival's
events, which take place in theaters around the city.
The Edinburgh Festival Fringe
This is the largest art festival in the world, with thousands of
performances. Anyone can perform at the festival. Over 20,000 artists can
take part. Go to the Royal Mile, one of Edinburgh's main streets, to watch
performers such as magicians, acrobats （杂技演员） and comedians.
However, it can get very busy, as thousands of tourists and local （当地的）
people fill the city streets to enjoy the shows. The Edinburgh International Book Festival
The largest book festival in the world began in 1983 and takes place
every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh. There are
over 700 events for children and adults. You can meet many authors, talk to
them, ask them to sign a book or listen to them talk about their stories. The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival
Music lovers come to this festival to enjoy musical performances all over
the city. Artists perform street theater, dance and circus （马戏） shows in amazing costumes （戏装）. Everyone can enjoy the music and dance
performances. A. Edinburgh is famous for its festivals.
B. Edinburgh is the capital of Wales.
C. Six of Edinburgh's festivals are held in July.
D. Summer is not the best time to visit Edinburgh.
（2）Which of the following is the largest art festival in the world?
A. The Edinburgh International Festival.
B. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
C. The Edinburgh International Book Festival.
D. The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival.
（3）Where is the Edinburgh International Book Festival held?
A. At theaters around the city.
B. In the Royal Mile.
C. In Charlotte Square Gardens.
D. On Edinburgh's main streets.
（4）What is the purpose of the story?
A. To describe the city of Edinburgh.
B. To describe some festivals in Edinburgh.
C. To prove that Edinburgh is the world's art center.
D. To encourage more artists to perform in Edinburgh.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Edinburgh 的四个节日。
（1）细节题。根据Edinburgh is the world's "festival city".可知Edinburgh 是世界的节日城市，即以它的节日闻名，故选A 。
（2）细节题。根据第二个表格This is the largest art festival in the world 可知the Edinburgh Festival Fringe 是世界上最大的艺术节，故选B 。
（3）细节题。根据第三个表格The largest book festival in the world began in 1983 and takes
place every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh.可知在Charlotte Square Gardens举行，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了Edinburgh的四个节日，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
4．阅读理解
Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents.
However, it is not true.
Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap（消除代沟）.
Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some-place to calm down. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter.
Try to reach a compromise（和解）.Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong.
Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life.
A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. Please have a try!
（1）The passage tells us have a communication problem.
A. parents and other people
B. school kids and their parents
C. teachers and their students
D. parents and their children of all ages
（2）Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you .
A. don't often get to them
B. write a letter to them
C. don't speak to them politely
D. express yourself well
（3）The underlined phrase "calm down" in the passage means " ".
A. make yourself happy
B. get yourself quiet and relaxed
C. have a good rest
D. hide yourself quickly
（4）From the passage we can learn that .
A. parents and children should not have a generation gap
B. parents should show love and respect to their children
C. there are some good ways to bridge the generation gap
D. there are so many serious problems in families today
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：有些人认为只有学校的孩子不同意他们的父母。但事实并非如此。沟通对所有年龄段的父母和孩子都是一个问题。如果你很难与父母沟通，不要担心。短文为我们提供了一些见建议，告诉我们如何弥合代购，同时告诉我们，只有与父母和好相处的人才会更有出息。
（1）细节理解题，根据Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages.可知短文谈论的是孩子和父母所面临的最为平常的问题，故答案是D。
（2）细节理解题，根据Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them.可知，如果喊叫着跟父母说，父母是不会同意你的想法的，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题，根据And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some-place to calm down. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents.可知，calm down是冷静，镇静的意思，故答案是B。
（4）逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述如何弥补代沟的建议，所以代沟是有好多办法来弥补的，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。
5．阅读理解
When his mum fainted（昏厥）and knocked herself out, unconscious, four year old Henry Davies knew just what to do— thanks to a storybook.
He calmly dialled 999 and told the emergency services how to get to his home and then phoned his father.
The boy told the doctors what had happened and directed them to the house in Coundon, Coventry, and even offered the doctors a drink
When they arrived. Henry also offered to look after his 12— month old brother Noah.
His father, Iran, 35, said, "Chloe has been unwell with a high fever which has made her feel quite poorly. I left for work early at about 7:30 am and as she got up after I left she felt quite dizzy and faint. The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor and hearing Henry talking to someone. He had seen her fall and hit her head on the table, but he couldn't wake her up. So he picked up the phone and dialled 999 for an ambulance."
Chloe said, "Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency, which we've read a few times. He even put a blanket over me. The ambulance crew were amazed. We're very proud of him."
（1）How old was Henry?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
（2）What was the matter with Henry's mother?
A. She fainted on the floor.
B. She was shot by a gun.
C. She was badly ill.
D. She was hurt badly.
（3）How did Henry know the knowledge of saving his mother?
A. By watching TV.
B. By reading a book.
C. His teacher taught him.
D. By WeChat.（4）The underlined words" emergency services" mean "_________" in Chinese.
A. 紧急应变机构
B. 突发事件
C. 急诊室
D. 医疗（5）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. There are 4 people in Henry's family.
B. Henry prepared a drink for the doctors.
C. Henry's father is very proud of Henry.
D. His father is 29 years old.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Henry凭借《救护人员》书上的内容，救了他的妈妈。（1）细节题。根据 four year old Henry Davies...可知，Henry4岁了，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据 The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor 可知，亨利的母亲晕倒在地板上，故选A。
（3）推理题。根据 Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency 亨利有一本故事书《救护人员》,讲述在紧急情况下该怎么做可知， Henry是通过读书知道救他母亲的知识，故选B。
（4）词义辨析题。根据He calmly dialled 999他平静地拨打了999，可知999是个紧急应变机构，故emergency services是紧急应变机构的意思，故选A。
（5）细节题。根据 His father, Iran, 35，可知他的父亲29岁是错的，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
6．阅读理解
Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins （替身）, just as movie stars do. "When I get my lights and camera set up, I remove the stand-in and put in the real thing," explains Ray Webber, who photographs food for magazine advertisements. "Sometimes I have to brush the food with its juices because it may have dried out a bit. And when I'm shooting（拍摄） something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer （喷雾器） of water to spray（喷洒） them with dew（水珠） just before I shoot."
Shooting food outdoors has special problems. "I'm always worrying about flies or worms （虫） coming up the glass," Webber explains. "I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food." Once Webber was shooting a piece of cheese
outdoors and needed something to add to its colour. Finally he found a plant with lovely blue flowers. When the photo appeared, several people were horrified （惊骇的）, because the plant was Deadly NightShade（颠茄，有毒）.
（1）According to the article, both movie stars and some food to be photographed .
A. appear on sets（舞台）
B. need stand-ins
C. look better in soft light
D. all of the above
（2）Food probably looks best in photographs if it has been .
A. sprayed some water
B. kept warm
C. salted properly
D. cooked thoroughly （3）As for outdoor photography, Webber mentions .
A. lighting
B. worms
C. wind
D. both A and B
（4）Webber is afraid that dogs might .
A. bark while he is shooting
B. get into his pictures
C. steal the food
D. upset （打翻） his camera
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了摄影师 Ray Webber拍照的一些方法。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins（替身）, just as movie stars do. 可知，电影明星和一些食物摄影都需要替身。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段And when I'm shooting（拍摄）something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer（喷雾器）of water to spray（喷洒）them with dew（水珠）just before I shoot. 可知，食物在拍摄之前喷洒上一些水，可能看起来最好。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段I'm always worrying about flies or worms（虫）coming up the glass .可知，在提到户外摄影的时候， Webber 提到他担心虫子从草那上来。故选B。（4）细节理解题。根据第二段I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food. 我同样也担心某天一只狗会从后面出现，带着食物跑了，可知他担心狗偷走食物。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
7．阅读理解
The Big Wheel
New ride opens on May at Adventure Park
See all the city from it
Tickets on said at the par k entrance Adults: $ 3.50
Under 16 s: 2.50Future World
The amazing new computer game
On sale from next week in computer shops and supermarkets
For 2~4 players
Only $ 35!
Jeep Rides
In the desert
Tuesday and Saturday
2:00 p. m till 6:00 p. m.
$17.50 per person
Children must be ever 12 years old Tel: 321703
Competition Young singer of the Year York Concert Hall
May 29
Win a guitar!
Singers must be under 16
Want to know more? Call or text 998456
Teen Voice
The new magazine for teenagers $ 2 Interesting stories and pages of fashion and music
On sale every week
Go to www.teenvoice. com Top Two Books this Month
Forest Street by Alan Banks and Best Bike Ride by
Kim Jams
Order before April 10 for a special price for both
books — $ 20
www. booksalot. com
A. go to www.teenvoice. com
B. go to www.booksalot. com
C. call them at 321703
D. call or text 998456
（2）Tom wants to play computer games with his friends, what wilt he choose?
A. Then Voice.
B. Future World.
C. Best Bike Ride
D. Forest Street.（3）Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Best Bike Ride is written by Kim Jams.
B. The new magazine for teenagers is on sale every week.
C. Eleven-year-old David is allowed to drive a jeep in the desert on Tuesday.
D. Paul and Tina are going to the Big Wheel with theirs 4-year-old son, they should pay $ 9.50 for the tickets.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了六则广告的一些信息。
（1）细节理解题。根据表格四句子Competition Young singer of the Year，York Concert Hall，May 29，Win a guitar!，Singers must be under 16，Want to know more？Call or text 998456．年轻歌手比赛，纽约音乐厅，5月29日，赢得一个吉他，歌手必须在16岁以下，想知道更多？打电话或者发短信998456。可知可以打电话或者发短信998456。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格二句子Future World，The amazing new computer game未来的世界，神奇的新电脑游戏。可知汤姆想和他的朋友们玩电脑游戏。应该买未来的世界。故选B。
（3）细节判断题。根据表格三句子Children must be over 12 years old．儿童必须超过12岁。可知11岁的大卫被允许驾驶一辆吉普车在沙漠中行驶是错误的。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
8．阅读理解
A gentleman once advertised （登广告） for a boy to help him in his office, and nearly fifty persons asked for the place. Out of the whole number he chose one in a short time, and sent all the other boys away.
"I would like to know," said a friend, "on what ground you chose that boy. He didn't even have a recommendation （推荐信） with him."
"You are mistaken," said the gentleman, "he had a great many."
"He made his shoes clean when he came in, and closed the door after him, showing that he was orderly （井然有序的）."
"He gave his seat to the disabled old man, showing that he was."
"He took off his cap when he came in. and answered my questions quickly and respectfully （恭敬地）, showing that he was polite."
"He lifted up the book which I had purposely （故意地） laid on the floor, and put it on the table, while all the others stepped over it or pushed it aside, showing that he was careful."
"And he waited quietly for his turn, instead of pushing the others aside, showing that he was modest （谦逊的）."
"When I talked with him, I noticed that his clothes were carefully brushed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk. When he wrote his name, I noticed that his fingernails were clean, instead of having some untidy personal habits."
"Don't you call these things letters of recommendation? I do, and the things that I can discover about a boy by using my eyes for ten minutes, are worth more than all the fine letters that he can bring."
（1）Choose the RIGHT word to complete the sentence in Paragraph 5 according to the context （上下文）.
A. kind
B. smart
C. lovely
D. healthy
（2）How did the gentleman know the boy was polite?
A. He made his shoes clean when he came in.
B. He took off his cap when he came in.
C. He waited quietly for his turn.
D. His teeth and fingernails were clean.
（3）The gentleman laid the book on the floor because.
A. he used to be like this
B. he wanted to know who was orderly
C. he tried to know who had tidy personal habits
D. he wanted to test the people who asked for the job
（4）What can you learn from this passage?
A. The gentleman was a foolish man.
B. All gentlemen can choose the right person by using their eyes.
C. Good behavior （行为） and good habits are important to a person.
D. One should pay more attention to his recommendation than to his behavior.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述的是一个男孩找工作，在众多的求职者中脱颖而出，这是因为他有着良好的行为习惯和良好的品质。
（1）词义猜测题。根据上一句 He gave his seat to the disabled old man他把座位让给了那位残疾老人，可知他是一个善良的人，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据He took off his cap when he came in，and answered my questions quickly and respectfully； showing that he was polite可知，男孩进来时脱下帽子，很快地恭敬地回答了我的问题。所以显示出他很有礼貌，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据He lifted up the book which I had purposely （故意地） laid on the floor, and put it on the table, while all the others stepped over it or pushed it aside； showing that he was careful可知，把书放在地上的原因是要测试找工作的人们是否捡起来，故选D。
（4）理解推断题。根据and the things that I can discover a boy by using my eyes for ten minutes, is worth more than all the fine letters that he can bring. 可知从文章中我们可以了解到一个人的良好的行为习惯和良好的品质是重要的，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题和推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。
9．阅读理解
With the Chinese language growing in popularity, the UK government plans to invest 10 million pounds to help more kids learn Chinese. Do you think it is necessary for UK pupils to learn Chinese?
Seneca （Canada）
I studied French for 2 years in high school, and German for 4 years in college and got good marks. I studied Chinese for about 4 months before moving to China. Any language, if you don't use it, it will be easy to lose. I've forgotten the French I learned except for a few phrases. I speak Chinese every day. My writing, reading and listening are quite good, but far from fluent. I think nowadays, it's almost necessary to learn Chinese.
Tony （the UK）
Learning any language can be valuable, but it is not suitable for everyone. Chinese is a difficult
language to learn, and teachers in the UK are not good at teaching foreign languages. However, China is a big and developing market for English business people. For them, Chinese is worth learning.
Bill （the US）
I don't think Chinese will become as widely spoken throughout the world as English. To learn Chinese, you have to devote yourself to learning how to write and read it It's too difficult to learn. But in the future Chinese will become more popular, and that is a good thing.
（1）Senaca learnt German for ______.
A. 2 years
B. 4 months
C. 4 years
D. 6 years
（2）The underlined word "fluent" means "______" in Chinese.
A. 糟糕的
B. 流利的
C. 完美的
D. 成熟的（3）From the passage we know ______.
A. Bill doesn't think Chinese will replace English in the future
B. Bill thinks it is easy to learn Chinese
C. teachers in England are very good at teaching Chinese
D. Seneca is very good at speaking Chinese
（4）What's the best title for the passage?
A. How to learn Chinese well
B. Chinese will be the first language in the world
C. Do you like Chinese?
D. Is it necessary to learn Chinese?
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了来自加拿大、英国和美国的学生对学习汉语有必要吗的观点。（1）细节题。根据I studied French for 2 years in high school, and German for 4 years in college可知学习法语2年，学习德语4年，故选C。
（2）推断题。根据前句My writing, reading and listening are quite good我的写作、阅读和听力是好的，但是远不流利，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据I don't think Chinese will become as widely spoken throughout the world as English.可知Bill认为汉语不像英语一样被全世界广泛说，即汉语不会取代英语，故选A。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了来自加拿大、英国和美国的学生对学习汉语有必要吗的观点。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
10．阅读理解
Learn English in New Zealand
Learn English in New Zealand at Language Schools New Zealand （LSNZ）. Our Christchurch and Queenstown schools in the South Island of NZ are the perfect places to learn English.
What is your dream?
Do you dream of speaking English very well?
Do you dream of travel, making friends, a lifestyle using English?
LSNZ will help you to achieve your dream!
Language Schools New Zealand Christchurch and Queenstown are in the fascinating South Island of New Zealand. Both English schools are fully recognized （认证） by NZQA and are in beautiful NZ places. LSNZ offers many kinds of English courses including General English, Exam Preparation9 Study & Ski and more. Our friendly hard-working staff have helped many students from all over the world achieve their dream of using English in their lives. We invite you too to become a member of the LSNZ family.
LSNZ English Courses
Enroll （注册）now for a LSNZ English course—we promise your English will improve and offer 2 NZ schools with excellent teachers and small class sizes.
●General English
●IELTS
●Study & Ski
●Combo Course
Cambridge, Toeic & Pitmans Exam preparation courses are also offered at both schools.
A. lie in the North Island
B. are members of LSNZ
C. own the perfect places to visit
D. teach only local students
（2）The text tells us that LSNZ ______.
A. provides over four courses
B. practices large-class teaching
C. designs lots of exams
D. has many teachers from abroad
（3）Those who want to ______ will most probably be interested in this text.
A. look for jobs at LSNZ
B. build language schools
C. improve their English
D. learn about New Zealand
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了在LSNZ学习英语将帮助实现你的梦想及LSNZ课程。
（1）细节题。根据Our Christchurch and Queenstown schools in the South Island of NZ are the perfect places to learn English.可知Christchurch和Queenstown学校是LSNZ学习英语的好地
方，即是LSZN的成员，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据●General English●IELTS●Study & Ski●Combo●CourseCambridge, Toeic & Pitmans Exam preparation courses are also offered at both schools.可知提供了5个课程，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据Enroll （注册） now for a LSNZ English course—we promise your English will improve可知LSNZ许诺会提高学生们的英语，所以想提高英语的人对本文感兴趣，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
11．阅读理解
When our son Bradley was ten, the new bicycle he had received earlier that year was stolen. Owning a bicycle was a big deal to our children when they were little. They spent hours and hours, day after day, on their bicycles, riding up and down the footpath, and at the front of the house. We also rode together as a family a lot. Bicycling was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air without spending any money.
Bradley had discovered that his bicycle had been stolen from our backyard in Campbell town, South Australia, when he and his sister went outside for a morning ride. He couldn't believe that someone would do this.
He got a large piece of cardboard, painted a sign begging for the bicycle to be returned, and tied the sign to the letterbox. The following morning, when I went out to collect the mail, I found a white envelope with the magical words," Buy yourself a new bicycle". There was a $100 banknote inside.
We were very touched that someone had the heart to do this. We've never been able to thank the person but we suspect（猜想）that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors. Bradley painted a big" !" on the sign and we left it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards, hoping the kind stranger would drive down our street.
A delighted Bradley was able to buy a new bicycle. As the years went on, the bicycles became bigger and more expensive but remained just as important for those family bicycle rides. Now Bradley is 25. Sometimes I miss the days when receiving a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them.
All these years later we are still thankful for the stranger's kindness. We were a young family with three little children and it meant a lot to us. We still talk about it and, even now, wonder who the kind stranger was.
（1）According to the passage, Bradley often when he was a child.
A. made signs
B. rode a bike
C. took a walk
D. collected mails
（2）Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4？
A. Thank you
B. Come back
C. A new bicycle
D. A good boy
（3）From the action of the stranger, we can learn that .
A. love builds a warm family
B. a special memory lasts long
C. a kindness helps others a lot
D. happiness makes a better life
（4）The best title for the passage can be .
A. A Rich Stranger
B. A Bicycle for Bradley
C. A Thankful Mother
D. A Banknote for the Family
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了作者的小儿子的自行车被偷了，小男孩期待它能回来，于是写了一个牌子，第二天他们在信箱发现100元钱，让他自己买个新自行车，我们一直不知道这个好心的陌生人是谁，我们一直很感恩。
（1）推理题。根据They spent hours and hours, day after day, on their bicycles, riding up and down the footpath, and at the front of the house. We also rode together as a family a lot.可知Bradley小时候经常骑自行车，故选B。
（2）推理题。根据We've never been able to thank the person but we suspect（猜想）that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors,和hoping the kind stranger would drive down our street.可知应是“谢谢您”，故选A。
（3）推理题。根据All these years later we are still thankful for the strangers kindness. We were a young family with three little children and it meant a lot to us.可知善举能帮助其他人很多，故选C。
（4）主旨题。根据文章讲述了作者的小儿子的自行车被偷了，小男孩期待它能回来，于是写了一个牌子，第二天他们在信箱发现100元钱，让他自己买个新自行车，我们一直不知道这个好心的陌生人是谁，我们一直很感恩，故表示应是A Bicycle for Bradley 布拉德利的自行车，故选B 。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文推断题主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
12．阅读理解
Bike-sharing has swept across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving. The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it, and those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smartphone and left anywhere in public. Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily.
In some cities, we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharing-bikes. It's very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smartphone. First, you have to download such an app
on your smartphone. Then what you need to do is find a nearest hike through the app, scan the QR code on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection. You will find the bike can be unlocked itself. Then you can enjoy your trip. What's more, the greatest advantage of hike- sharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn't cost so much, does it?
At the same time, some people park the hikes in their own homes. Besides, some people don't value the bikes. Now service companies are trying to solve the problems like being stolen.
Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles. We have to say bike- sharing brings us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.
（1）From the first paragraph, we know ______.
A. bike-sharing is invented in China
B. sharing-bikes are used by some people
C. most people in cities don t drive
D. sharing-bikes can be borrowed anywhere
（2）II you want to use a sharing-bike, you must _________ first.
A. have a smartphone and download an app
B. download an app and pay for the trip
C. unlock the bike and download an app
D. find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone
（3）Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?
A. Bike-sharing is very cheap.
B. Sharing-bikes may be stolen.
C. Sharing-bikes are easy to unlock.
D. Bike-sharing is a kind of green transport.
（4）The passage probably comes from a ________.
A. science textbook
B. tourist guide
C. website news report
D. restaurant menu
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是讲述了共享单车在中国越来越受欢迎。如果想使用共享单车，必须要有一个智能手机并下载一个应用程序。它使用起来非常方便，而且价格也很便宜。但是现在有的人不爱惜自行车，到处乱放，还有自行车被偷盗现象，服务公司正试图解决这个问题。毫无疑问自行车共享给我们的出行带来了更多的便利，我们要很好地利用它。（1）推理题。根据Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily自行车共享让人们可以很容易地从一个地方借自行车，然后在另一个地方归还，可知一些人使用共享自行车，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据文中句子“It's very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone. First, yo u have to download such an APP on your smart phone.”（如果你有智能手机，使用自
行车非常方便。首先，你必须在智能手机上下载这样的应用程序。）可知，如果你想使用共享单车，你必须先有一个智能手机并下载一个应用程序，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据文中句子“The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it. And those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in public.”可知，共享单车很容易解锁；根据“Now service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen.”可知，共享自行车可能会被盗；根据“The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn't cost so much, does it?”可知，使用共享单车比较便宜；Bike-sharing is a kind of green transport ，自行车共享是一种绿色交通工具，文章没有提及，故选D。
（4）推理题。A 科学教科，B旅游指南，C网站新闻报道，D餐馆菜单，根据本文是讲述了共享单车在中国越来越受欢迎。如果想使用共享单车，必须要有一个智能手机并下载一个应用程序，可知短文来自网站新闻报道，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
13．阅读理解
Technology is everywhere. We see it any place we go and, in fact, almost all of us carry some piece of technology with us every time we leave the house. What I always forget, though, is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want to help others.
There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices （设备）lying around in it. Whenever I am at home, I am almost always using at least one electronic device. If you walked into my living room on any given day, you would find that, first, I have the television on. At the same time, I usually have my laptop resting on my knee, or I will be using my mobile phone. Even when I'm not at home I am always using my phone, and at work or in cafés, I sit down and connect to the local wireless network on my laptop.
I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend on it could be much better spent if I were to take up a little online volunteering.
The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to help others and recently I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the world. From using your language skills to do translations, to developing and managing projects and helping with IT work, there is so much that so many people can do to help people in their own countries and across the world. The United Nations, in fact, has a huge page with "Volunteers Recruited" on its website.
This work can support the poor and help charities who cannot pay for staff members. Many organizations only require you to work an hour a week﹣some even less. And the support provided by online volunteers can really help make a difference to those in need.
（1）From Paragraph 2, we can know that the writer .
A. is a computer engineer
B. works in a café
C. uses technology a lot
D. likes modern music
（2）The underlined word" Recruited" in Paragraph 4 means" ".
A. Ordered
B. Visited
C. Wanted
D. Warned
（3）In the writer's opinion, people should spend more time with technology.
A. working on computer programs
B. keeping the Internet safe
C. inventing electronic products
D. helping people in need
（4）What can be the best title for the passage？
A. Online Volunteering
B. Internet Organizations
C. Website Design
D. Online Translation
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了科学技术已经渗透进了我们的生活，我们每天都在使用这些科技带来的方便中。但作者认为我们应该利用这些先进的技术去帮助别人，这样才能体现出这些科技的力量。
（1）推理题。根据There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices（设备） lying around in it.的意思可知，在作者的家里，没有一个房间里是没有电子设备的，也就是说作者使用非常多的电子设备，下面的文字作者举例来说明，如television, laptop, mobile phone等，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据该段中I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the world.可知，作者发现在网上有很多在线志愿活动，而这句话说的就是联合国在网上招募志愿者的一个网站，由此我们可以知道划线这个单词应该是“招聘”的意思，与wanted 同义，故选C。
（3）推理题。根据I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend on it could be much better spent if I were to take up a little online volunteering以及下一段的开头The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to help others可知，作者觉得自己浪费了很多时间在电脑上，这些时间他可以更好的利用起来去从事一些网上的志愿者工作。由此我们可以知道，作者认为人们应该花费一点时间去帮助别人，故选D。
（4）主旨题。这篇短文开头部分作者讲述了我们周围无处不在使用着科学技术，短文的第一段中What I always forget， though， is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want to help others点明文章的主题，从短文的第三段开始，作者对文章主题进行展开论述，即我们应该利用这些技术去做一些在线的志愿者活动，去帮助别人，所以C选项Online volunteering在线志愿者活动这个题目能点明文章的主题，故选C。A选项Website Design网站设计；B选项Internet Organization在线组织；D选项Online Translation 在线翻译，这几个选项都不符合文意，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
14．阅读理解
Bradford City Matters
Welcome to the winter edition（版） of City Matters.
"Don't Drop It; Stop It!"
Put rubbish in your wheelie bin（有轮大垃圾筒）.
You must put your rubbish in your wheelie bin to keep your environment clean. Don't pile your rubbish up（堆放） in your house or garden-use a wheelie bin or one of our larger bins.
You can buy a wheelie bin from our Waste Management Section at 01943 874122.
You can tell us about mice or rubbish in your area by phoning our Public Health Unit at 01943 874146.
▲
Did you know that you can get a 50 fine（罚款） for dropping rubbish on the streets? Our Council officers are on the streets of Bradford looking for people who drop rubbish. They will fine people who drop litter. This is part of our "Don't Drop It; Stop it!" campaign（运动）.
Don't fill your bin-recycle.
Just think how full your bin gets over the holidays.
To reduce your waste:
Say "no" to unwanted bags.
Take your own bags to the supermarket or reuse old ones.
Get your free shopping bag from our Advice Center.
Recycle your waste.
Take bottles to your local recycling center.
Buy recycled things.
Cards and paper are good examples.
Our competition winners
As part of our "Don't Drop It; Stop It!" campaign, community groups from the north, south, east and west of the city-500 volunteers-entered our competition to clean up their area. The goal was to make the city cleaner for those who live, work, shop or play there.
The four winners were: High Trees Parent Group, South Bradford Community Project, The Bridge Community Association and Forest Youth Group.
（1）If you have a problem with mice in your area, you can call .
A. 01943874122
B. 01941824146
C. 01943874146
D. 01941824122（2）Which of the following can be put into ▲ ?
A. Dropping rubbish can be expensive.
B. Many people take their bags when shopping.
C. Piling rubbish up in your garden is a bad habit.
D. Our Council officers will help you when you're in trouble.
（3）From the Advice Center, you can get .
A. two wheelie bins
B. a free young tree
C. a free shopping bag
D. some recycled paper
（4）What do we know about the competition?
A. There were five winners.
B. It was held in the spring.
C. It failed to reach its goal.
D. 500 volunteers took part in it.
（5）Where might you see this material?
A. In a storybook.
B. In a health report.
C. In a travel magazine.
D. In a local newspaper.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了一种活动“Don't Drop It；Stop It”同时告诉我们了采取哪些方法才能使人们少扔垃圾甚至不乱扔垃圾。
（1）细节理解题，根据You can tell us about mice or rubbish in your area by phoning our Public Health Unit at 01943 874146. 可知，要是你住的地方有了老鼠，你应该拨打01943 874146这个电话。故答案是C。
（2）信息匹配题，根据Did you know that you can get a 50 fine（罚款）for dropping rubbish on the streets? 可知，乱扔垃圾的代价是很大的。故答案是A。
（3）细节理解题，根据Get your free shopping bag from our Advice Center.可知，在服务中心可以免费领到购物袋。故答案是C。
（4）细节理解题，根据 As part of our "Don't Drop It; Stop It!" campaign, community groups from the north, south, east and west of the city-500 volunteers-entered our competition to clean up their area. 可知，一共有500名志愿者竞赛。故答案是D。
（5）细节理解题，根据 Welcome to the winter edition（版） of City Matters. 可知，这是一张报纸的版面。故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解题，本题涉及到了细节理解题和信息匹配题两种题型，细节理解题比较简单，只要细心阅读，都可以从文中找到答案。信息匹配题需要联系空缺部分的前后文，确定与短文意思相关联的句子。
历年中考真题分类汇编(数学)
第一篇基础知识梳理 第一章数与式 §1.1实数 A组2015年全国中考题组 一、选择题 1．(2015·浙江湖州，1，3分)－5的绝对值是() A．－5 B．5 C．－1 5 D. 1 5 解析∵|－5|＝5，∴－5的绝对值是5，故选B. 答案 B 2．(2015·浙江嘉兴，1，4分)计算2－3的结果为() A．－1 B．－2 C．1 D．2 解析2－3＝－1，故选A. 答案 A 3．(2015·浙江绍兴，1，4分)计算(－1)×3的结果是() A．－3 B．－2 C．2 D．3 解析(－1)×3＝－3，故选A. 答案 A 4．(2015·浙江湖州，3，3分)4的算术平方根是() A．±2 B．2 C．－2 D. 2 解析∵4的算术平方根是2，故选B. 答案 B 5．(2015·浙江宁波，3，4分)2015年中国高端装备制造业收入将超过6万亿元，其中6万亿元用科学记数法可表示为()
A．0.6×1013元B．60×1011元 C．6×1012元D．6×1013元 解析6万亿＝60 000×100 000 000＝6×104×108＝6×1012，故选C.答案 C 6．(2015·江苏南京，5，2分)估计5－1 2介于() A．0.4与0.5之间B．0.5与0.6之间C．0.6与0.7之间D．0.7与0.8之间解析∵5≈2.236，∴5－1≈1.236， ∴5－1 2≈0.618，∴ 5－1 2介于0.6与0.7之间． 答案 C 7．(2015·浙江杭州，2，3分)下列计算正确的是() A．23＋26＝29B．23－26＝2－3 C．26×23＝29D．26÷23＝22 解析只有“同底数的幂相乘，底数不变，指数相加”，“同底数幂相除，底数不变，指数相减”，故选C. 答案 C 8．★(2015·浙江杭州，6，3分)若k＜90＜k＋1(k是整数)，则k＝() A．6 B．7 C．8 D．9 解析∵81＜90＜100，∴9＜90＜100.∴k＝9. 答案 D 9．(2015·浙江金华，6，3分)如图，数轴上的A，B，C，D四点中，与表示数－3的点最接近的是 () A．点A B．点B C．点C D．点D
高考化学试题分类汇编：化学计算 doc
2010高考化学试题分类汇编：化学计算 1．（2010全国卷1）．下列叙述正确的是 A ．在醋酸溶液的pH a =，将此溶液稀释1倍后，溶液的pH b =，则a b ＞ B ．在滴有酚酞溶液的氨水里，加入4NH Cl 至溶液恰好无色，则此时溶液的pH 7＜ C ．31.010mol/L -?盐酸的pH 3.0=，81.010mol/L -?盐酸的pH 8.0= D ．若1mL pH 1=的盐酸与100mL NaOH 溶液混合后，溶液的pH 7=则NaOH 溶液的pH 11= 【解析】A 若是稀醋酸溶液稀释则C(H +)减小，pH 增大，b ＞a ，故A 错误；B 酚酞的变色范围是pH= 8.0～10.0（无色→红色），现在使红色褪去，pH 不一定小于7，可能在7~8之间，故B 错误；C 常温下酸的pH 不可能大于7，只能无限的接近7；D 正确，直接代入计算可得是正确，也可用更一般的式子：设强酸pH=a ，体积为V 1；强碱的pH=b ，体积为V 2,则有10-a V 1=10-(14-b)V 210142 1-+=?b a V V ，现在V1/V2=10-2,又知a=1,所以b=11 【答案】D 【命题意图】考查弱电解质的稀释，强酸的无限稀释，指示剂的变色范围，强酸与强碱的混合pH 的计算等基本概念 【点评】本题在第一轮复习至第三轮复习无时不在强调的基本问题考查就是第二册第三章的问题，这次居然没有考离子浓度大小比较，而考这些，很简单，大家都喜欢！ 2．（2010全国卷1）12．一定条件下磷与干燥氯气反应，若0.25g 磷消耗掉314mL 氯气（标准状况），则产物中PCl 3与PCl 5的物质的量之比接近于 A ．1：2 B ．2：3 C ．3：1 D ．5：3 【解析】设n(PCl 3)=X mol, n(PCl 5)=Y mol ，由P 元素守恒有：X+Y=0.25/31≈0.008……①；由Cl 元素守恒有3X+5Y=（0.314×2）/22.4≈0.028……②，联立之可解得：X=0.006,Y=0.002故选C 【命题意图】考查学生的基本化学计算能力，涉及一些方法技巧的问题，还涉及到过量问题等根据化学化学方程式的计算等 【点评】本题是个原题，用百度一搜就知道！做过多遍，用的方法很多，上面是最常见的据元素守恒来解方程法，还有十字交叉法，平均值法、得失电子守恒等多种方法，此题不
初中考初三英语中考补全文章五选五试题20篇
阅读短文还原句子—1 阅读短文，从下列所给的五个句子中，选四句还原到短文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。其中有一个多余选项。 阅读短文，从下列所给的五个句子中，选四句还原到短文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。其中有一个多余选项。 In 1940, a little girl named Wilma Rudolph was born. She was small and sick. In her early childhood, Wilma had many serious illnesses. 61 When Wilma was four years old, doctors noticed her left leg was not straight. They told her family that she had polio（小儿麻痹症），and that she would never walk. Wilma and her family didn’t want to believe the doctors. Wilma exercised every day until she was able to walk with a brace（支架）. 62 All her friends played basketball after school. Wilma sat and watched them every day, dreaming of being an athlete（运动员）. Of course, people thought she was crazy. 63 By the time she was nine years old, she could walk without a brace! She began playing basketball. In middle school, she was the star of the basketball team. A running coach saw her play. He thought Wilma could be a great runner. Soon Wilma was training for the Olympics. When she was sixteen, she flew to Melbourne for the 1956 Olympic Games. 64 Over the next four years, Wilma continued to train as a runner. In 1960, Wilma went to the Rome Olympics, determined to do better. Two days before her first race, she twisted(扭伤) her ankle. She was worried that her chance was gone. But she won the 100-meter race. 65 After that, she and her teammates won the 400-meter relay race. Wilma Rudolph was the first American woman to win three gold medals in a single Olympics! 281words 61-64 阅读短文还原句子—2 阅读短文，根据短文内容从方框中选择恰当的句子把短文补充完整，将其代号填在答题卡相应的题号后。注意选项中有一个多余选项。
最新高考化学试题分类汇编—--烃精品版
2020年高考化学试题分类汇编—－－烃精 品版
烃 1．（全国理综I·8）下列各组物质不属于 ．．．同分异构体的是D A．2,2－二甲基丙醇和2－甲基丁醇B．邻氯甲苯和对氯甲苯 C．2－甲基丁烷和戊烷D．甲基丙烯酸和甲酸丙酯 2．（全国理综Ⅱ·6）20北京奥运会的“祥云”火炬所用燃料的主要成分是丙烷，下列有关丙烷的叙述中不正确的是C A．分子中碳原子不在一条直线上B．光照下能够发生取代反应 C．比丁烷更易液化D．是石油分馏的一种产 3．（天津理综·7）二十世纪化学合成技术的发展对人类健康平和生活质量的提高做出了巨大贡献。下列各组物质全部由化学合成得到的是C A．玻璃纤维素青霉素B．尿素食盐聚乙烯 C．涤沦洗衣粉阿斯匹林D．石英橡胶磷化铟 4．（山东理综·10）下列由事实得出的结论错误的是D A．维勒用无机物合成了尿素，突破了无机物与有机物的界限 B．门捷列夫在前人工作的基础上发现了元素周期律，表明科学研究既要继承又要创新 C．C60是英国和美国化学键共同发现的，体现了国际科技合作的重要性D．科恩和波普尔因理论化学方面的贡献获诺贝尔化学奖，意味着化学已成为以理论研究为主的学科 5．（山东理综·12）下列叙述正确的是B
A．汽油、柴油和植物油都是碳氢化合物 B．乙醇可以被氧化为乙酸，二者都能发生酯化反应 C．甲烷、乙烯和苯在工业上都可通过石油分馏得到 D．含5个碳原子的有机物，每个分子中最多科形成4个C—C单键6．（重庆理综·8）下列实验装置图正确的是B 7．（宁夏理综·8）在①丙烯②氯乙烯③苯④甲苯四种有机化合物中，分子内所有原子均在同一平面的是B A．①②B．②③C．③④D．②④ 8．（广东理基·22）保护环境已经成为人类的共识。人类应以可持续发展的方 式使用资源，以合理的方式对废物进行处理并循环使用。下列做法不利于 ．．．环境保护的是D A．发电场的煤见脱硫处理 B．将煤转化为水煤气作燃料 C．回收并合理处理聚乙烯塑料废物
“锐角三角函数”中考试题分类汇编(含答案)
23、锐角三角函数 要点一：锐角三角函数的基本概念 一、选择题 1.（2009·漳州中考）三角形在方格纸中的位置如图所示，则tan α的值是（ ） A ． 3 5 B ． 43 C ．34 D ．4 5 【解析】选C. tan α4 3 == 角的邻边角的对边αα. 2.（2008·威海中考）在△ABC 中，∠C ＝90°，tan A ＝ 1 3 ，则sin B ＝（ ） A ． 10 B ． 23 C ． 3 4 D ． 10 【解析】选D. 3 1 tan == AB BC A ,设BC=k,则AC=3k,由勾股定理得 ,10)3(2222k k k BC AC AB =+=+= sin AC B AB = = 3.（2009·齐齐哈尔中考）如图，O ⊙是ABC △的外接圆，AD 是O ⊙的直径，若O ⊙的半径为 3 2 ，2AC =，则sin B 的值是（ ） A ． 23 B ．32 C ．34 D ．43 【解析】选A.连接CD,由O ⊙的半径为 32.得AD=3. sin B =.3 2 sin ==AD AC D
4.（2009·湖州中考）如图，在Rt ABC △中，ACB ∠=Rt ∠，1BC =，2AB =，则下列结论正确的是（ ） A ．sin 2A = B ．1tan 2A = C ．cos 2 B = D ．tan B = 【解析】选D 在直角三角形ABC 中，1BC =，2AB =，所以AC 所以1 sin 2 A ＝ ， cos A ，tan A = ；sin B 1cos 2B ＝ ，tan B = 5.（2008·温州中考）如图，在Rt ABC △中，CD 是斜边AB 上的中线，已知2CD =， 3AC =，则sin B 的值是（ ） A ． 2 3 B ． 32 C ． 34 D ． 43 【解析】选C.由CD 是Rt ABC △斜边AB 上的中线，得AB=2CD=4.∴sin B 4 3 == AB AC 6.（2007·泰安中考）如图，在ABC △中，90ACB ∠= ，CD AB ⊥于D ，若AC = AB =tan BCD ∠的值为（ ） （A （B ）2 （C ）3 （D ） 3 答案：B A C B D
2020高考化学试题分类汇编——电化学基础
2020高考化学试题分类汇编电化学基础 1.〔2018全国卷1〕右图是一种染料敏化太阳能电池的示意图。电池的一个点极由有机光敏燃料〔S〕涂覆在TiO2纳米晶体表面制成，另一电极由导电玻璃镀铂构成，电池中发生的反应为： TiO2/S h TQ2/S 〔激发态〕 TiO 2/S TiO 2/S+ +e- l3+2e 3I 2TiO 2/S 3I 2TiO2/S+I3 以下关于该电池表达错误的选项是： A. 电池工作时，是将太阳能转化为电能 B. 电池工作时，I离子在镀铂导电玻璃电极上放电 C. 电池中镀铂导电玻璃为正极 D. 电池的电解质溶液中I-和I 3-的浓度可不能减少 【解析】B选项错误，从示意图可看在外电路中电子由负极流向正极，也即镀铂电极做 正极，发生还原反应：13-+2e-=3I -; A选项正确，这是个太阳能电池，从装置示意图可看出是个原电池，最终是将光能转化为化学能，应为把上面四个反应加起来可知，化学物质并没 有减少；C正确，见B选项的解析；D正确，此太阳能电池中总的反应一部分实质确实是： 还原. 氧化 I「3I-的转化〔还有I 2+| 一二|「〕，另一部分确实是光敏有机物从激发态与基态的 相互转化而已，所有化学物质最终均不被损耗！ 【答案】B 【命题意图】考查新型原电池，原电池的两电极反应式，电子流向与电流流向，太阳能 电池的工作原理，原电池的总反应式等，还考查考生变通能力和心理素养，能否适应生疏的 情境下应用所学知识解决新的咨询题等 【点评】此题立意专门好，然而考查过为单薄，而且取材不是最新的，在3月份江苏省 盐都市高三第二次调研考试化学试题第17题〔3〕咨询，与此题极为相似的模型，这对一些考生显得不公平！
中考英语英语阅读理解精选附答案
中考英语英语阅读理解精选附答案 一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷 1．阅读理解 Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone (里程碑) in space research. On January 3, 2019, Chang'e-4 became the first lunar probe (月球探测器) in history to successfully land on the far side of the moon. The Earth's gravity (重力) slows the moon's rotation (自转), matching it to the speed of its orbit (公转). Therefore, the far side of the moon is almost "dark" and has never been seen. It's this sense of the unknown that makes the far side of the moon such an interesting place for scientific and space research. Being blown by solar (太阳的) winds, the far side may have the special minerals (矿物质). For this reason, Chang'e-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any mineral found by the spacecraft. Chang'e-4 is also carrying flower seeds, potatoes and silkworm eggs to see whether life is possible on the moon. If it is, then the moon will become a possible choice for space travel in the future. However, research of the "dark" side isn't easy. As the far side is blocked(阻断) off from us, radio noise coming off Earth is also blocked. This is why China's relay satellite (中继卫星) Queqiao was sent up in May, 2018. Thanks to Queqiao, the communication problem between Earth and Chang'e-4 has been well solved. Power supply (电源供应) is also a challenge to the task. Chang'e-4 gets energy from the sun through its solar panels. As we know, a lunar day has the length (长度) of 28 Earth days. After Chang'e-4 was sent up on December 8, 2018, it took the probe over 20 days to orbit the moon to be in a position to be able to land in moon daylight and use its solar panels. Luckily, everything goes well, Chang'e-4 has worked on the "dark" side for over 5 months. It has sent back many photos of the far side of the moon and has been used to carry out some scientific experiments. The New York Times used the word "groundbreaking" to praise the task and wrote that "it will offer help to the history and development of the moon". （1）When was Chang'e-4 sent up? A. In May, 2018. B. On December 8, 2018. C. On January 3, 2019.
【精品】数学中考试题分类汇编
数学中考试题分类汇 编
2008年数学中考试题分类汇编一次函数 一、选择题： 1. （2008年郴州市）如果点M在直线1 =-上，则M点的 y x 坐标可以是（） A．（－1，0） B．（0，1） C．（1，0） D．（1，－1） 2.（2008年郴州市）一次函数1 y x =--不经过的象限是（） A．第一象限 B．第二象限 C．第三象限D．第四象限 3、一次函数1 =--不经过的象限是（） y x A．第一象限 B．第二象限 C．第三象限D．第四象限 4、如果点M在直线1 =-上，则M点的坐标可以是 y x （） A．（－1，0） B．（0，1） C．（1，0） D．（1，－1） __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 5.（茂名）已知反比例函数y =x a (a ≠0)的图象，在每一象 限内，y 的值随x 值的增大而减少，则一次函数y =-a x +a 的图象不经过．．． （ ） Ａ．第一象限 Ｂ．第二象限 Ｃ．第三象限 Ｄ．第四象限 6. (2008年安徽省)函数k y x =的图象经过点（1，－2）， 则k 的值为( ) A ． 12 B ．12 - C ．2 D ．－2 7.（2008苏州）函数1 2 y x =+中，自变量x 的取值范围是（ ） A ．0x ≠ B ．1x ≠ C ．2x ≠- D ．1x ≠- 8.（2008年广东湛江市）函数1 2 y x =-的自变量x 的取值范围是（ ） A ． 2x = B ． 2x ≠ C ． 2x ≠- D ． 2x > 9.（2008年上海市）在平面直角坐标系中，直线1y x =+经过（ ）
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B.了解某甲型H1N1确诊病人同机乘客的健康状况 C.了解某班每个学生家庭电脑的数量 D.“神七”载人飞船发射前对重要零部件的检查 7.（2008·维吾尔中考）下列调查方式中，合适的是（） A．要了解约90万顶救灾帐蓬的质量，采用普查的方式 B．要了解外地游客对旅游景点“新疆民街”的满意程度，采用抽样调查的方式 C．要保证“神舟七号”飞船成功发射，对主要零部件的检查采用抽样调查的方式 D．要了解全新疆初中学生的业余爱好，采用普查的方式 【解析】选B 8.（2008·福州中考）下列调查中，适合用全面调查方式的是（） A．了解某班学生“50米跑”的成绩B．了解一批灯泡的使用寿命 C．了解一批炮弹的杀伤半径D．了解一批袋装食品是否含有防腐剂 【解析】选A. 了解一批灯泡的使用寿命、一批炮弹的杀伤半径、一批袋装食品是否含有防腐剂应采用抽样调查. 9.（2008·黄冈中考）要了解一批电视机的使用寿命，从中任意抽取30台电视机进行试验， 在这个问题中，30是（） A．个体B．总体C．样本容量D．总体的一个样本 【解析】选C． 10.（2008·宜昌中考）在2008年的世界无烟日（5月31日），小华学习小组为了解本地区大 约有多少成年人吸烟，随机调查了100个成年人，结果其中有15个成年人吸烟。对于这个关于数据收集与处理的问题，下列说法正确的是（） A.调查的方式是全面调查 B.本地区只有85个成年人不吸烟 C.样本是15个吸烟的成年人 D.本地区约有15﹪的成年人吸烟 【解析】选D.关于数据收集与处理时，由于了解本地区大约有多少成年人吸烟，范围广、人员多，所以采用抽样调查的方式，用样本来估计总体。故选D 11.（2008·内江中考）下列调查方式中适合的是（） A．要了解一批节能灯的使用寿命，采用普查方式 B．调查你所在班级同学的身高，采用抽样调查方式 C．环保部门调查沱江某段水域的水质情况，采用抽样调查方式 D．调查全市中学生每天的就寝时间，采用普查方式
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高考化学试题分类汇编—--烃
烃 1．（全国理综I·8）下列各组物质不属于 ．．．同分异构体的是D A．2,2－二甲基丙醇和2－甲基丁醇B．邻氯甲苯和对氯甲苯 C．2－甲基丁烷和戊烷D．甲基丙烯酸和甲酸丙酯 2．（全国理综Ⅱ·6）20北京奥运会的“祥云”火炬所用燃料的主要成分是丙烷，下列有关丙烷的叙述中不正确的是C A．分子中碳原子不在一条直线上B．光照下能够发生取代反应 C．比丁烷更易液化D．是石油分馏的一种产 3．（天津理综·7）二十世纪化学合成技术的发展对人类健康平和生活质量的提高做出了巨大贡献。下列各组物质全部由化学合成得到的是C A．玻璃纤维素青霉素B．尿素食盐聚乙烯 C．涤沦洗衣粉阿斯匹林D．石英橡胶磷化铟 4．（山东理综·10）下列由事实得出的结论错误的是D A．维勒用无机物合成了尿素，突破了无机物与有机物的界限 B．门捷列夫在前人工作的基础上发现了元素周期律，表明科学研究既要继承又要创新C．C60是英国和美国化学键共同发现的，体现了国际科技合作的重要性 D．科恩和波普尔因理论化学方面的贡献获诺贝尔化学奖，意味着化学已成为以理论研究为主的学科 5．（山东理综·12）下列叙述正确的是B A．汽油、柴油和植物油都是碳氢化合物 B．乙醇可以被氧化为乙酸，二者都能发生酯化反应 C．甲烷、乙烯和苯在工业上都可通过石油分馏得到 D．含5个碳原子的有机物，每个分子中最多科形成4个C—C单键 6．（重庆理综·8）下列实验装置图正确的是B
7．（宁夏理综·8）在①丙烯②氯乙烯③苯④甲苯四种有机化合物中，分子内所有原子均在同一平面的是B A．①②B．②③C．③④D．②④ 8．（广东理基·22）保护环境已经成为人类的共识。人类应以可持续发展的方式使用资源， 以合理的方式对废物进行处理并循环使用。下列做法不利于 ．．．环境保护的是D A．发电场的煤见脱硫处理 B．将煤转化为水煤气作燃料 C．回收并合理处理聚乙烯塑料废物 D．电镀废液经中和后直接排放 9．（广东理基·28）下列关于有机物说法正确的是B A．乙醇、乙烷和乙酸都可以与钠反应生成氢气 B．75％（体积分数）的乙醇溶液常用于医疗消毒 C．苯和乙烯都可以使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色 D．石油分馏可获得乙酸、苯及其衍生物 10．（广东理基·34）根据陈述的知识，类推得出的结论正确的是 A．镁条在空气中燃烧生成的氧化物是MgO，则钠在空气中燃烧生成的氧化物是Na2O B．乙烯可使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色，则丙烯也可以使其褪色 C．CO2和SiO2 化学式相似，则CO2与SiO2的物理性质也相似
2019届中考英语阅读理解模拟5篇(带答案)
2019届中考英语阅读理解模拟5篇 (名师精讲选试题+实战练习，建议下载练习) 一、阅读理解。 A Empathy lets us feel another person’s pain and drives us to help. Do any other animals feel empathy? Scientists recently found that rats(老鼠) do, too. s, rats are only bad. But Jean Most people don’t like rats. In many people’s eye Decety and his partners at the University of Chicago did an experiment. It showed that rats are kind, warm-h earted animals. They can feel each other’s pain. Scientists placed pairs of rats in plastic cages(笼子) for two weeks. During this time they got to know each other. Then they put one of the rats from each pair into a small container(容器) in the cages. The small container had a door. It was so designed as to fall to the side when the free rat touched it. Many of the trapped(困住的) rats squeaked(吱吱叫) to show their discomfort. The other rats of the pairs could see their suffering friends clearly. In most pairs, the free rats would become very worried about their friends. They kept trying to save their friends again and again throughout the month. Scientists put the rats’ favorite chocolate in the cages, but the rats didn’t eat it until they had saved t friends successfully. Scientists also found that female rats seemed to act more empathetic than male rats. “The results are the first to show that rats take action in response to another trouble,” Decety said. “Monkeys and chimpanzees have similar behavior. But unlike those animals, rats can be ready used in laboratory studies. They will help us to learn which parts of the brain lead to empathy and helping behavior and whether empathy is natural.” 1. A person with empathy is often _____. A. kind-hearted B. clever C. active D. strong
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