英语情态动词专项训练

英语情态动词专项训练

一、单项选择情态动词

1． ---Is Jack on duty today?

---It ________ be him. It's his turn tomorrow.

A．mustn't B．won't C．can't D．needn't

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表示推测。句意：--今天杰克值日吗？--不可能是他。明天该轮到他。can’t be 用于否定推测“不可能是”，must表示推测的时候，表示“肯定是”，won’t不愿意，needn’t 不必，故选C。

2．It is really cold and the ground is wet; it ________ have rained last night.

A．might B．must

C．can D．should

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了……”表示对过

去十分有把握的推测，故选B。

【点睛】

must have done用法辨析

must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。

He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。

Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. [该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.]

The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。

如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：

They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。

中国学生的常见病句是：They...; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到

达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）

3．The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his

class.

A．should they B．they should

C．dare they D．they dare

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。

4．It has been announced that all the students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.

A．shall B．will C．need D．may

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：所有学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染非典病毒，这已经被宣布。shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁，故选A 项。

5．The weather turned out to be fine. I _____________ the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.

A．should have taken B．must have taken

C．couldn't have taken D．needn't have taken

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词 + have done。句意：天气转晴了。我本不必费心把伞带在身边。A. should have taken本应该做某事，而实际上没做； B. must have taken对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测；C. couldn't have taken不可能；D. needn't have taken本来不需要，故选D。

6．The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day

________ get a big prize.

A．must B．could

C．would D．shall

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词的用法。句意：新开业的超市宣布，开业当天首先购物的人会得到大奖。shall 用于二三人称的陈述句中可以表示说话人的承诺，命令，警告等，此处表示超市的承诺，故选D。

7．— Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the nearest Wenfeng Supermarket?—OK, It’s two blocks straight ahead. You ________ miss it.

A．can’t B．mustn’t

C．needn’t D．wouldn’t

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——劳驾，你能告诉我最近的Wenfeng Supermarket怎么走吗?——好的，一直往前走两个街区就到了。你不会错过的。A. can’t不可能；B. mustn’t禁止，不允许；C. needn’t不必；D. woul dn’t不会。故选A。

8．—______ you sing and dance at this late hour of the night?

—Sorry, I will stop right now.

A．May B．Shall

C．Will D．Must

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查情态动词的用法。 May可以，可能 Shall： 用于第一三人称的疑问句，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。?用于二三人称的陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等。?用于法律、法规条文、合同等，按规定应该履行的义务等。Will 表示请求或建议；表示意愿或表示现在的习惯D. Must表示“必须”“一定”“偏要”之意。此处must表示“偏要,偏偏”。句意：——你偏要在深夜又唱又跳吗？——很抱歉，我会马上停止。

考点：考查情态动词的用法。

9．—Daddy, would you please buy me an iPhoneX?

—If you can pass this midterm examination, you __________ have one as a reward.

A．must B．need

C．would D．shall

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：爸爸，你可以给我买部iPhone X吗？--如果你通过考试，你就会得到一部作为奖励。A. must一定；B. need必要；C. would将，会；D. shall会。根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。

【点睛】

shall的用法。

1. shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。shall后面接动词原形。例如：

（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。

（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。

2. shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?

3. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital?

4. shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告） He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）He shall be punished. （威胁）

比如本题，根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。

10．Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I ________ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.

A．should have done B．need have done C．would have done D．must have done 【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意：坦率地说，我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事，这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事，而实际上没有做某事；B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做；C. would have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”；D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知，本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。

11．No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver ____________ obey in our country. A．will B．shall

C．may D．can

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考察情态动词。A. 将要 B.将要 C.可能D.可以。Will 表示请求、建议、意志、愿望和决心。Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对话的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。May表示请求和允许；用于祈使句表示决心；表示推测、可能性。Can表示能力；请求和允许。句意：酒后驾车是每一位驾车者在我们国家应当遵守的规则。故选B。

考点：考察情态动词

12．—Can I pay the bill by check?

—Sorry，sir．But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _____ be made in cash．

A．shall B．need

C．will D．can

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考察情态动词用法。句意：——我能用支票付账吗?——对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的管理规定,支付要用现金。shall可以表示命令，警告，强制，或者指规则和法律要求做的事情。本题正是考察了shall表示按照规则和法律要求做的事情。故A正确。

13．—You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didn't you?

—No, I didn't phone you. It someone else.

A．must have been B．could be C．must be D．could have been 【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意：“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？”“不，我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” must have done 是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”，结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话。故选A 项。

14．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.

A．need have practised B．might practise

C．must have practised D．could practise

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。

15．---Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.

---Well, you______know---you married one.

A．might B．would C．shall D．should

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词词义辨析。A. might可能，也许；B. would将会；C. shall必须，会；D. should 应该。句意：---有艺术修养的人有时很难相处。---你应当知道这一点，因为你结婚那位就

是搞艺术的。这里是按照常理推断，用should。

16．If you wish, you ________ come in and have a cup of tea with us any time.

A．would B．should C．must D．may

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：如果你愿意，你可以任何时候过来和我们一起喝杯茶。A. would会，过去常常；B. should应该；C. must必须；D. may可以，可能。结合句意可知，此处用“可以”符合语境，故选D项。

17．I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.

A．couldn't B．mustn't

C．shouldn't D．needn't

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查情态动词辨析。A不可能；B禁止，千万不能；C不应该；D不需要；句意：我不需要使用闹钟叫醒我，因为每天早上六点都有一列火车经过我的家旁边。根据句意可知我不需要使用闹钟。故D正确。

考点：考查情态动词词义辨析

18．—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.

—Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.

A．must B．can C．would D．should

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：—对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了。—噢，那太糟糕了，你应该做好充分准备的。A.must必须；B.can可以；C.would将会；D.should应该。这里是情态+have done的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”；could+have+done，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做；must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句；should+have+done意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做”。故选D

【名师点睛】

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但它不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别，情态动词否定式

的用法辨析，“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。

19．He ______ writing the paper now. He hadn’t writt en a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.

A．shouldn’t be B．can’t have finished

C．can’t be D．mustn’t have finished

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为can’t have done不可能做某事，故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查推测句

对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done

对过去情况的否定推测是can’t/couldn’t have done

例如:

The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.

He can’t have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.

20．You ________ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all th ese years.

A．must B．can C．will D．shall

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。must表示对现在的肯定推测；can表示推测，表示可能性；will表示意愿；shall表示表示决心、命令或指示。根据下文“这些年你一点用没有改变”可知，前文表示肯定性推测。故选A。

【点睛】

must表推测的用法must表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形。You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦一整天，一定累了（对现在情况的推测判断）I didn’t hear the phone. I must have be asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。

21．-- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

---Thanks. You _______ it. I could manage it myself.

A．needn’t do B．shouldn’t have done C．mustn’t do D．needn’t have done 【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意: ---凯瑟琳，我已经为你打扫了房间。 - - -谢谢。你本不必这么做的。我自己能行。A. needn’t do不必做某事；B. shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事； C. mustn’t do禁止做某事；D. needn’t have done本不必做某事。由“Thanks. I could manage it my self”可知，needn’t have done“ 本不必做某事，而实际上做了某事”符合句意。故选D 项。

22．—I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.

—It true because there was little snow there.

A．may be not B．won’t be C．couldn’t be D．mustn’t be

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：我听说他们去年冬天去山里滑雪。--不可能是真的，因为那里

几乎没有雪。A. may be not可能不；B. won’t be 不会；C. couldn’t be不可能是；D. mustn’t be禁止。根据because there was little snow there.可知这里是否定推测，couldn’t be“不可能是”符合句意，故选C项。

23．Peter searched all the places where he________have left her iPad but it was all in vain. A．might B．would C．must D．should

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：彼得找遍了所有他可能放她的iPad的地方，但都没有找到。A. might可能；B. would将会；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故选A。

24．According to the latest rule, people _______sort household garbage into four categories. A．can B．shall C．may D．need

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据最新的规定，人们应该把生活垃圾分成四类。A. can能；B. shall应该；C. may也许；D. need需要。shall用于第二人称表示承诺、命令、警告、威胁

的口吻，这里是指法令规定了……，因此用shall。故选B。

25．—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?

— No, it ________ be him —I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.

A．must not B．can’t C．won’t D．may not

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词：句意：那不是安的丈夫吗？---不，肯定不是他，我确定他不戴眼镜。A. must not禁止;B. can’t 不能;C. won’t不会;D. may not可能不。表示否定的推测，不可能，用can’t。故选B项。

26．—What’s wrong with the door?

—The key has got stuck in it and ______ come out.

A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．won’t

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：---门怎么了?---钥匙卡在里面出不来了。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. mustn’t禁止；C. needn’t 不需要；D. won’t不会。won’t表示拒绝时，其主语有时可以是“物”。故选D项。

27．—Life ____ be very hard for people living in the north of Canada as it is very cold there in winter.

—Yes, the weather there _____ be as low as 60℃ below zero.

A．must; can B．shall; must C．will; should D．has to; can

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。根据句意：——对于生活在加拿大北方的人来说生活肯定很艰难，因为冬天那儿很冷。——是的，那儿的天气可能会达到零下60度。must表肯定推测，意为“肯定，一定”，can表客观上的可能性，意为“可能”。根据语境及选项可知，A选项正确。故选A。

28．—May you live longer, grandpa!

—Thank you! It's the favorite wish I _____.

A．should have waited for B．must have waited for

C．may have waited for D．could have waited for

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+‘have done’形式。句意：—爷爷祝您长寿！—谢谢，这是我能够等待到的最喜欢的愿望。A. should have waited for 本应该等待； B. must have waited for 一定在等待；

C. may have waited for可能已经等待；

D. could have waited for可以已经等待的。

表示可以等到的愿望用could have waited for。故选D。

【点睛】

情态动词have done不仅是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是高考的重点。情态动词have done有两大功能：一是表示推测；二是表示虚拟。

must have done过去一定做了某事，根据must的本意即可推敲出意思，比较好理解。

The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 灯灭了，他们应该睡觉了。

should have done本该做某事却没做，should是应该，重点记忆最后的结果是没做某事。

You should have told her that you loved her.你本应该告诉她你爱她。

could have done字面意思是可能已经做了某事，也可用作本能做却没做某事，重点记忆最后的结果是没做。

You could have reviewed, but you played games all night.你本可以复习的，但你一晚上都在玩游戏。

may have done也许已经做了某事。

29．—What do you think we can do for our aged parents?

—You ______ do anything except to be with them.

A．don’t have to B．oughtn’t to C．mustn’t D．can’t

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：——你认为我们能为年迈的父母做些什么？——除了和他们在一起，你不必做任何事情。A. don’t have to不必；B. oughtn’t to不应该；C. mustn’t不可以；D. can’t不能。根据语境可知，此处表示客观性的必须，don’t have to…except to“除了……不必做……”。故选A。

【点睛】

have to表示客观需求时，使用have to的情况要比must多。have to受客观条件或环境迫使而“不得不”做某事，突出客观性。

must一般则表示命令或说话人主观认为必须要做某事，含强调语气，侧重主观性。有时候也使用be+不定式表示需要做某事，但语气较弱一些。如：I am to do it, whether I like it or not.

must表示客观性的需要时，一般翻译为“总是要（会）”。如：All men must die. 人故有一死。

ought to表示必须时，偏责任，推想等。如：You ought to work hard.

30．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better.

A．need have done B．must have done

C．can have done D．might have done

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意：真遗憾啊！考虑到他的能力和经验，他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构，表示对过去行为的怀疑；用于疑问句时意为“难道

真的做了吗”，表示怀疑；need have done需要做某事，实际上却未做（表示虚拟语气）；must have done一定做了某事（表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测）；might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。故D正确。【点睛】

本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。can’t have done过去不可能做了某事；sho uldn’t have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做；needn’t have done本没有必要做某事；注意没有mustn’t have done的形式。

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