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人教版八上英语unit3讲解

人教版八上英语unit3讲解
人教版八上英语unit3讲解

Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?

1.barber n. in the barber’s 在理发店=in the barber shop

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f499791.html,nd v.着陆land on ,take off 起飞

3.experience n.经历,体验\c\ . the old man had the rich life experiences.经验\u\ Experience is the best teacher.[谚语] 经验是最好的教师

4.imagine v.想象,设想imagine doing sth. Eg. You can imagine flying into the space by space ship. 2)imagination n.

5.strange adj.奇怪的,陌生的,there is a strange sound in the next room. He is strange here.

6.amaze v.使人惊异your dress amazed me。1)amazed adj.(人)对…感到惊讶。be amazed to do. Eg. I was amazed to hear the bad news. 2)amazing adj.(事物)令人感到惊讶eg. This is an amazing film.

类似用法单词:interested—interesting ,bored—boring, excited—exciting, surprised—surprising,relaxed---relaxing,moved—moving ,pleased—pleasing,amazed—amazing惯用结构:be

interested/bored/excited/moved/pleased/surprised/relaxed/amazed to do sth.

7.scared adj. 恐惧的be scared 。be scared of sth. I was scared to see the film and couldn’t go home alone. scaring不存在scary adj.胆小的,害怕的。

8.shout v.呼喊*shout at sb责备某人eg,Don’t shout at me ,I did nothing. *shout to sb.方向。The mother shouted to the naughty boy and asked him not to play on the road.

9.happen v.发生1)sth happen to sb.某事偶然发生在某人身上。(某人偶然发生某事)eg. A traffic accident happened to the old man. 2)sb happen to do sth 某人偶然做某事eg. The old man happened to have a traffic accident.

3)It happen that+句子。Eg.It happened that you had a traffic accident.=You happened to have a traffic accident.=A traffic accident happened to you

4)what happened (to you)? What is happening (to you)? What will happen (to you)? what has happened to you?

10.kill v.杀死killer杀手

11.murder v.谋杀murderer n.谋杀犯

12.hear v.听见(结果)1)hear of sb听说听到,提起某事,直接指其对象eg. We all hear of your success. I heard of the new boy.

2)hear from sb.收到某人的来信eg. Do you hear from your American teacher yesterday?=do you get a letter from your American teacher?= get a letter from sb. 3)hear about 听到关于某人或某事的消息Do you hear the latest about LiMing? 你听说过李明的最近情况吗4)hear sb do sth听见某人做某事(过程或完成),hear sb doing sth听见某人做某事(正在进行) eg. I hear a bird singing when I walk across the road. I heard the boy win the first in his class yesterday.

同样用法的词有:see sb do /doing sth , watch sb do/doing sth;find sb do/doing sth

13.bright adj.明亮的,dark阴暗的。a bright sun ,the light is bright ,a bright class room. brightly adv.

14.silence n.安静, in silence =keep silence保持安静=be quiet=be calm . silent adj. =calm =quiet

15.take place v.发生(没有宾语)=happen to(偶然发生)eg. Great changes have taken place in Jixi city.

16. as….as…..像….一样(中间用adj.或adv原型)

单词与短语

1. in front of在……的前面(外部)

2. in the front of在……的前面(内部)

3. in the library在图书馆

4.get out of/get into 出……之外/进入

5. sleep late 睡懒觉

6. sleep well 睡=have a sound sleep得好

7. get to sleep睡着

8. walk down/along沿……走

9. take off (飞机)起飞;脱下(衣帽)10. on Sunday evening在星期日晚上11. in the tree 在树上12. take photos照相13. at the train station 在火车站14. run away跑开,逃跑15. as+adj.(原形) as…和…一样…

16. cook/buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 为某人买/画/制作17. walk home 走回家18. in history 在历史上19. for example 例如20. in the city of 在……市21. on the playground在操场上22. ten minutes ago 十分钟前23. take place 发生(强调必然性)24. happen to sth./sb.发生(强调偶然性)25. of course=sure=certainly当然26. all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界27. outside/inside the station在车站外/内28. next to 相邻,紧贴29. close to 接近于;在附近30. be ill in hospital/bed生病住院/在床31. hear about/of听说(间接听到)32. in silence/keep silence 沉默不语

II.目标句型:

1. I(we) think/imagine/believe/suppose+宾语从句用法:

1)否定转移当think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接的宾语从句为含有not的否定句时,该否定应移至主句,即否定主句的谓语动词。例如:I don't think it will rain tomorrow. We don't expect our football team will win the World Cup.

但hope后接的宾语从句的否定不需要转移。例如:I hope you weren't ill. ×需要特别说明的是:涉及到转移的只是not,not以外的其它否定词,如no, never, hardly, few, little, seldom等,不必转移。例如:I believe my brother has never been late for school. We can imagine birds can hardly live without these woods.

2)、反意疑问句的构成,有两种think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时,A.当主句的主语为第一人称时(I /we),其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如:I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you? 值得注意的是,当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时,其仍属否定句,故其后的简短问句应用肯定式,而非否定式。例如:I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he? We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they? 此类句子的回答同"前否后肯"型反意疑问句一样,如上述后一个句子,若双胞胎已经到了,则回答为"Yes, they have.";若尚未到达,使用"No, they haven't." B.当主句的主语为第二、三人称时,其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致。例如:Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she? You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you? They don't believe she's an engineer, do they? She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?

3)简略回答用so或not .口语中,可以用so或not替代这些动词之后的肯定或否定的宾语从句,以避免重复。例如:1. - Are you able to come to our party tomorrow? -I think so. What time? (so= I am able to come to your party tomorrow) 2. -Is my car ready? -I believe not. (I don't believe so.) 这里的not = it is not ready;so = it is ready。3. -Is Peter coming to the concert? -I expect so/not. 需要说明的是,在think, imagine, believe三词的否定答语中,用I don't think so. I don't imagine so. I don't believe so.不用not。而hope、be afraid则只能使用not,不能使用don't hope so。例如:-I hope so. / I hope not. (不能说:I don't hope so.)

即:I don’t think /imagine/suppose/believe so. I think /imagine/suppose/believe so. I hope/say/am afraid so. I hope/say/am afraid not

III.语法过去进行时

1、概念:过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作,常和表过去的时间状语连用,如:I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。They were waiting for you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。

2、过去进行时的构成:1)肯定形式:主语+was / were +V-ing 2)否定形式:主语+was not (wasn't) / were not (weren't) +V-ing 3)疑问形式:Was / Were+主语+V-ing。

3、基本用法:

1)过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状at that time = at that moment. (at) this time yesterday (last night / Sunday/week…) .at +点+yesterday (last night / Sunday…) 。when sb. did sth等时间状语从句,如:What were you doing at 7 p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么?I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at that time. I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。

2.when后通常用表示暂短性动词,while后通常用表示持续性动词,因此它所引导的状语从句中,谓语动词常用进行时态,如:When the car stopped ,I was walking past it. = While I was walking past the car,it stopped.

3. when用作并列连词时,主句常用进行时态,从句则用一般过去时,表示主句动作发生的过程中,另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如:I was walking in the street when someone called me.我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。

4. when作并列连词,表示“(这时)突然”之意时,第一个并列分句用过去进行时,when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如I was taking a walk when I met him.我正在散步,突然遇见了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain.我们正在外边玩,这时下起雨来

(II) 情态动词表示“应该”、“必须” (shall, should, may, might, must, ought to)

1)shall 和should 用于表示“必须”:

①. Each member shall wear a name card. (表示规定) 每一个会员必须配带名卡。

②. I should answer his letter as soon as possible. (表示应该) 我应该尽快给他回信。

③. You shouldn't judge a man always by the clothes. (shouldn't “不应该”含有劝告的意思)你不应该总是以貌取人。

④. The rules shall take effect on Jan. 1st. (shall 用于规章等,表示义务和规定) 新规则于一月一日起生效。

2)may 和might 用于表示“应该"(多用于法律等条文,一般上多用shall):

①. Payment may be paid by check.(表示规定)应以支票付款。

②. You might ask before you use my computer. (might表示应该) 你应该先问过再使用我的电脑。

3)must 用于表示“必须”、“务必”:

①. You must keep the place clean. (务必) 你务必保持地方干净。

②. We must obey orders. (表示有义务) 我们必须服从命令。

③. Must I pay now ? (用于疑问句) (如回答不必时,需用needn't 或don't have to) 我现在就得付款吗?※情态动词表示“意图”、“打算” (will, would, shall, should)

(1)will 和would 用于表示某种意图:

①. I will call you as soon as possible. (will 主要用于第一人称) 我会尽快打电话给你。

②. Will you accept this invitation ? (用would 则表示更客气) 你愿意接受这邀请吗?

③. Who will do the job ? (用于条件句,可用于各种人称) 谁愿意做这事?

④. We won't (will not) stay here too long. (will not 表示不愿) 我们不愿呆在这里太久。

(2)shall 和should 用于表示说话人的意图:

①. We shan't (shall not) to if it rains. (shall not 也可用will not) 如果下雨,我们就不打算走

②. I shan't go with you. (shall 只用在第一人称) 我不打算和你一同走。

情态动词表示“意愿” (will, would, shall, should)

(1)will 和would:

①. She will do it if you ask her.(表示主语的意愿) 如果你问她,她会做的。

②. Would you have another cup of tea ? (用would 比will 客气) 你想再来一杯茶吗?

③. Will you have some cookies ? (will 用于疑问句,表示问人是否愿意)你想吃些烤饼吗?

④. If he will he can do it. (will 用于条件句,用于第二、三人称) 如果他愿意,他会做的。

⑤. Would you excuse me ? (would 表示婉转语气) 能原谅我吗?

(2)shall 和should:

①. He shall get his allowance. (注意是he shall, 表示说话人的意愿) 他会拿到他的津贴的。

②. You should sit here as long as you like. 只要你乐意,坐多久能行。

③. Shall you go to school with me ? (疑问句中,表示问对方的意愿)你愿意和我一起到学校去吗?

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教学设计 外语教学与研究出版社《新标准》英语初中二年级下册 Module 2 Experiences Unit 3 Language in use 一、教材分析 本模块以谈论与旅游相关的经历为话题,分设三个课时进行学习。本节课是这个模块中的第三课时,学生在前两个单元的感受和体验之后,在本课通过教师 的引导,对本模块的重点知识现在完成时进行梳理归纳和总结,深化理解,巩固训练,并在创设的各种语境中熟练和准确的使用,把语法教学与语言交际相结合,使 学生体会到语法不仅仅可以去做题,更重要的是语法是为了我们的语言运用而服务的.在语言输出中为学生创设语境,投入表演展示,最后设定写作要求,体会用英语做事情的真实任务. 二、教学目标 1.语言知识目标 (1) 复习词汇:make up, count down, write about, send, way, ancient, king, queen (2) 复习语法:现在完成时 2.技能目标 (1) 能熟练掌握和运用现在完成时 (2) 能在各种语境中运用现在完成时进行语言交际。 ( 3)能在写作中熟练运用现在完成时. 3.学习策略目标 ( 1 )自主学习,归纳总结现在完成时用法; (2)通过小组合作的方式,学会合作学习。 4.情感与态度目标在教学过程中,学生们通过实践、参与有意义的各种形式的活动,体验与他人合作,共同完成学习任务的乐趣。在本课中,通过理解现在完成时所表述动作对现在所产生的影响来体验个人或了解他人的经历。 5.教学重点和难点复习本模块重点单词,短语。学会准确使用现在完成时。 6.教具准备 多媒体课件、学案、点读笔等。 三、教学设计 本节课是一节身势语话题话题下的复习课。在整个的教学设计中,笔者主 要采取的是“任务型教学法” ,旨在旨在指导学生在特定的任务中进行知识的整理,复习和反思。由于学生对这个单元的话题非常熟悉,我尽可能为学生们创设能够启

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