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甘肃省天水市第三中学2015-2016学年高二英语上学期第一学段考试试题

甘肃省天水市第三中学2015-2016学年高二英语上学期第一学段考试试题
甘肃省天水市第三中学2015-2016学年高二英语上学期第一学段考试试题

天水市三中2017届高二级第一段考试

英语试题

注意事项:本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷,分值150分,考试时间120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题共80分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

When I come across a good article in reading newspapers. I often want to cut and keep it. But just as I am about to do so I find the article on the 1 side is as much interesting. It may be a discussion of the way to 2 in good health, or 3 about how to behave and conduct oneself in society. If I cut the front article, the opposite one is likely to 4 damage, leaving out half of it or keeping the text 5 the title. Therefore, the scissors would 6 before they start, 7 halfway done when I find out the 8 result.

Sometimes two things are to be done at the same time, both worth your 9 .You can only take up one of them, the other has to wait or be 10up. But you know the future is unpredictable(不可预料) — the changed situation may not allow you to do what is left 11 . Thus you are 12 in a difficult position and feel sad. How 13 that nice chances and brilliant ideas should gather around all at once? It may happen that your life 14 greatly on you preference of one choice to the other.

In fact that is what 15 is like, we are often 16 with the two opposite sides of a thing which are both desirable like a newspaper cutting. It often occurs that our attention is drawn to one thing only 17 we get into another. The 18 may be more important than the latter and give rise to a divided mind. I 19 remember a philosopher’s remarks, “When one door shuts, another opens in life.” So a casual(不经意) 20 may not be a bad one.

1. A.opposite B.same C.either D. front

2. A.get B.keep C.lead D.bring

3. A.report B.news C.theory D.advice

4. A.reduce B.suffer C.prevent D.cause

5. A.on B.for C.without D.off

6. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/93696279.html,e B.stay C.prepare D.handle

7. A.or B.but C.so D.for

8. A.satisfying B.surprising C.regretful D.impossible

9. A.courage B.strength C.attention D.patience

10. A.picked B.held C.made D.given

11. A.near B.alone C.about D.behind

12. A.filled B.attracted C.caught D.struck

13. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/93696279.html,es B.dares C.deals D.does

14. A.improves B.changes C.progresses D. goes

15. A.study B.society C.life D. nature

16. A.supplied B.faced C.connected D.fixed

17. A.before B.after C.until D.as

18. A.following B.former C.above D.next

19. A.once B.also C.still D.almost

20. A.treatment B.action C.remark D.choice

第二节阅读理解(每题2分,满分50分)

(一) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共20题,每题2分,满分40分)

A

In the tenth grade,I began volunteering at a veterinary(兽医的) hospital that was run by a family friend in order to get experience for what I thought would be my future job.As it turns out,the experience I gained at the hospital taught me the opposite:that my future was not in veterinary medicine.However,there is one particular Saturday morning that taught me something maybe more important.

The hospital was in the middle of one of the poorer sections of the city and we frequently had people come in who just could not pay for the most basic treatments.On this Saturday a man and his young son,who was probably about 7 years old,walked in with a small cat in a cardboard box.I remember the cat had an eye infection but the man could not afford to pay for the cost of the medicine in addition to the exam.When he asked where the nearest animal shelter was,his son cried and started to argue with his father. Out of the blue an older woman who was sitting in the waiting room

stood up,walked up to the counter,and told the man that she would pay for anything that he could not afford.The man thanked her and the son got to keep a healthy cat.

I had always thought it was the right thing to help out a needy person,but only saw people perform acts of kindness on TV or in movies.The woman in the vet’s office taught me that these things do happen in real life,and should happen more often.When I am hesitant (犹豫的) to be the first person to help someone who is in need,I remember this woman,and have the courage to step up to the plate.Sometimes other people follow.

21.Why did the author work at the veterinary hospital?

A.He wanted to gain some future work experience.

B.He wanted to learn some skills in treating animals.

C.He wanted to get some money for his schooling.

D.He thought he would work there in the future.

22.What is most important according to the author?

A.The practical experience of the veterinary job.

B.How to be a kind person who helps others.

C.How to deal with the owners of the pets.

D.The knowledge of veterinary medicine.

23.What does the underlined phrase “Out of the blue” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Out of order. B First of all. C.Now and then. D.Suddenly.

24.From the second paragraph,we can know that________.

A.the man’s young son didn’t want to keep the small cat

B.nobody paid for the small cat’s medicine and exam

C.most people who went to this veterinary hospital were very poor

D.the woman took away the small cat with her at last

B

Newspapers are one method of bringing the news to the public.Reporters,photographers,correspondents,and editors are some of the people who create newspapers.They are known as journalists.

Reporters are journalists who go out and get the news.They attend meetings.They cover events such as court cases,plays,and sporting events.They interview people to get their views about what is going on.Reporters must be able to write a story quickly so as to meet a deadline.People do not want to read old news.They want to know what is going on as soon as it happens.Reporters sometimes phone or e-mail their notes and quotations (引用语) to the paper from the scene.A reporter in the office

then writes the story.

A “stringer” is a part-time reporter who works when called upon.A fire might break out in one part of town.An editor may ask a stringer who lives near the scene to cover the story.

Reporters often work with photographers,or photojournalists.Photojournalists take the pictures that illustrate (图解) the stories in a newspaper.They have to edit their pictures in time for them to appear with the story.

A correspondent is a journalist who covers the news in a particular place or on a subject that he or she has special knowledge https://www.wendangku.net/doc/93696279.html,rge newspaper groups have correspondents in foreign countries to report the news there.A paper may have a correspondent who covers just medical news.

An editor is a journalist who works at a desk in a newspaper office.Editors prepare the reporters’ stories to be printed in the paper.They decide which story is most important and gets the front-page headline.They decide which pictures to use.Editors do not often write the news,but they do write editorials (社论) in which they state their views on a topic or an issue.

People who work as journalists have some things in common.They are curious,they like to write,and they have a “nose for news”.They can spot news as it happens.They know what people want to read about.

25.A journalist working abroad to report news may be called________.

A.a stringer B.a photojournalist C.an editor D.a correspondent 26.The underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refers to________.

A.readers B.journalists C.reporters D.stringers

27.The passage is mainly written to________.

A.introduce different posts and duties of journalists

B.describe the characters of journalists

C.explain how the news is collected D.show how reporters work

28.According to the passage,both the reporter and the editor________.

A.usually work in the office B.decide which pictures to use C.have the ability to discover news D.often write editorials for their paper

29.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

CP:Central Point P:Point

Sp:Sub-point (次要点) C:Conclusion

C

What to do if a fire starts?

Imagine it’s late at night. You hear the smoke detectors go off. You smell smoke when you wake up. Do you know what to do?

If a fire starts in your home, remember your escape plan and leave as quickly as possible. Keep the following things in mind to make a safe escape.

●Call“Fire!”to warn everyone in your family.

●If you know where the fire is, close as many doors as possible between you and the fire.

●If you’re in bed, roll out of bed and onto the floor. Crawl on the floor next to

a wall. Being near the grou nd makes it easier to breathe. If possible, cover your

mouth and nose with a wet cloth.

●Feel the entire surface of a door before you open it. If the door is warm or hot,

do not open it. The fire is probably right outside your room. Find another way to leave the room. If the door is cool, open it a little.

●Look out and try to see the fire. If it is safe, leave the room. Remember to stay

on the floor.

●If your clothes catch fire, stop immediately. Drop to the ground and roll. Remember:

Stop, drop and roll.

●Call the fire department from outside and wait for help to arrive.

30.What is the first thing you should do if a fire starts in your home?

A.Call the fire department

B.Have a white sheet from a window to let the fire department know where to go.

C.Collect your favorite belongings to save from the burning house.

D.Call“Fire”to warn your family members.

31.What should you do if a fire star ts and you are in bed?

A.Jump out of bed and run away. B.Roll out of bed and onto the floor.

C.Stay in bed and then jump out of the window. D.Roll out of bed and stand on the floor.

32.What is not true according to the passage?

A.Never go back into a burning building.

B.If your clothes catch fire, stop moving immediately.

C.You should call the fire department before you leave the burning building.

D.Cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth if possible.

D

These are some signs that you can see on the roads of Great Britain.

Number one is a sign with the number thirty on it. When drivers see this sign they must not go at more than thirty miles an hour. We see this sign when we get to parts of the country where there are many houses and other buildings, for example, when we are getting near a town. Thirty miles an hour is the speed limit. Number two is sign for the end of the speed limit. We are out of the town now and may go at more than thirty miles an hour.

Number three is a sign that we are near a crossroads, that is, a place where two roads cross. We must drive carefully.

Number four is a sign that there is a bend in the road. Again, we must drive slowly and carefully.

Number five is a sign that there is a hill and number six is a sign that the roads get narrow. Drivers must go slowly and carefully.

Number seven has the word “school” on it.This is a sign that there is a school at the side of the a street or road. Perhaps there are children going to school or leaving school. So drivers must look carefully and go slowly until they are past the school building.

Number eight is a sign with the l etter P on it. The letter P is for “parking.”

A parking place is a place where drivers may leave their cars. If the driver of the a car wants to leave his car and go to the shops, he looks for this sign. Then he knows that he may leave his or her car there.

33. Who will most probably read the p assage?

A People who drive badly.

B .People who drive well.

C People who are learning to drive

D People who drive carelessly.

34. When a driver sees the sign number one, he must ____________.

A.always go at 30 miles an hour

B. n ot go at more than 30 miles an hour

C. go at more that 30 miles an hour

D. stop

35. A driver must drive carefully when he gets to ____________.

A. a bend

B. a crossroads

C. a narrow road

D. all of them

36. If a driver wants to leaves his car and go to the shops, ____________.

A. he must look for the sign with the letter P on it

B. he can leave his car at the gate of any shop

C. he can leave his car anywhere

D. he can leave his car at the side of the street.

E

In the far, far future, bicycles and perhaps skates may be run by jet power, and a new thing to ride may be a small flying saucer (飞碟). Imagine a race between them!

There may be telepathy helmets (心灵感应帽) that send thought waves from your brain to that of your friend miles away. You just think a thought and your friend knows it! You can have secrets with each other that nobody else can turn in on!

What about the food of the future? Scientists think that much of it will be artificial —made in factories from such surprising things as coal, limestone, air,

and water. The artificial food will be healthful because all the things that you need to live a long and healthy life will be put into it.

The fu ture hospitals will probably have “body banks” that can give you almost any new part you need to keep on living. People of the future may live to be a lot older than 100 years.

What about highways of the future? Well, a very small child probably will be able to drive a car. Nobody will need to steer (驾驶). Electric signals will hold each car on the right road to get wherever the “driver” wants to go. And it probably will be impos sible for cars to smash together. Controls that won’t even have to be touched will make all speeding cars miss each other or will put on the brakes. Driving cars will be as safe as being at home.

But maybe the most wonderful surprise in the future will be weather control. Cities may have giant plastic domes (圆顶罩) over them to keep out snow, rain, or storms. When you plan a picnic in a park, you won’t have to worry about rain. It will rain only whe n the “weatherman” thinks it is necessary to fresh the air inside the city. All other days will be fair and warm.

The future should be a wonderful time in which to live and the time we are living in now is also a wonderful future to the people who lived 100 years ago.

37.What can we learn from the passage?

A. With telepathy helmets, we can share our thoughts without any word.

B. The artificial food made from coal and limestone tastes the most delicious in the future.

C. There will be “body banks” instead of hospitals in the future.

D. Plastic domes themselves can automatically control the weather.

38. The underlined word “that” (in Paragraph 2) refers to ______.

A. telepathy helmet

B. the brain

C. thought wave

D. the secret

39. With the future highways, ______.

A. small children have to learn to drive

B. car accidents still couldn’t be avoided

C. we can be taken to the destination without steering

D. cars will be no longer equipped with brakes

40. The author’s attitude towards the future life is ______.

A. Doubtful

B. pessimistic

C. satisfied

D. optimistic

(二)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项(每题2分,满分10分)

Have you ever suddenly felt that someone you knew was in trouble—and was he? Have you ever dreamed something that came true later? Maybe you have ESP (超感觉知觉).

41 . It may be called a sixth sense. It seems to let people know about events before they happen, or events that are happening some distance away.

Here’s an example. A woman was ironing clothes. Suddenly she screamed, “My father is dead! I saw him sitting in the chair!” Just then, a telegram came. 42 There are thousands of stories like this one on record. 43 . Here’s another example—one of hundreds of dreams that have come true.

A man dreamed he was walking along a road when a horse and carriage came by. The driver

said, “There’s room for one more.” 44 . The next day, when the man was getting on a crowded bus, the bus driver said ,“There’s room for one more.”

Then the man saw that the driver’s face was the same face he had seen in the dream. He wouldn’t get on the bus. As the bus drove off, it crashed and burst into flames. Everyone was killed!

45 . Others, including some scientists, say that ESP is real. From studies of ESP, we may someday learn more about the human mind.

A. ESP stands for Extrasensory Perception

B. The woman’s father died of a heart attack. He died sitting in a chair.

C. people can not tell the future easily

D. The man felt the driver seemed dead, so he ran away

E. Scientists are studying them to find out what’s behind these strange mental messages

F. someone can not live very long

G. Some people say stories like these are coincidences(巧合)

第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题共70分)

第三节单词拼写:(每空一词,每词1分,满分15分)

46.The skin is an essential part of your body and its largest o .

47. You can get burned by a v of things: hot liquids, steam ,fire ,radiation and so on.

48. All the information was then ready to be (加工) into film negatives.

49. First aid is a (临时的) form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured.

50. Wang Ping f my safety belt and showed me how to use it.

51. Examples include burns cause by e shocks, burning clothes of severe petrol fires.

52. A giant machine, (贪婪) for more, swallows all the waste available.

53. England is (粗略) divided into three zones.

54. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make (有意义).

55. To their (赞扬), the four counties do wok together in some areas.

56. The cool water prevents the pain becoming (难以忍受) and reduces swelling.

57. We need the article in this edition to be a of the other newspapers.

58. Nothing is wasted ,and everything ,even plastic bags, is (回收).

59. --What are the (行政区)called in England? --- Countries.

60. John Snow found that it came from the river p by the dirty water from London. 第四节课文填空:(根据课文内容填空,每空一词,每词1.5分,满分15分)

.Never 61 Zhou Yang forget his first job 62 a journalist at the office of a popular English newspaper. His new boss ,Hu Xin,had a discussion with him before he starts to work. He was 63 (delight) with Zhou Yang’s coming. Zhou Yang asked if he could 64 a story immediately.His boss answered he must wait until he was more experienced. He also wanted to know if they had ever had a case 65 someone accused their journalists 66 getting the wrong end of the stick. His boss said yes and told him a story. A footballer was charged with taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win .They went to find it out . The 67 (interview) denied 68 (take) money but they were sceptical .So they wrote an article suggesting

he was 69 .He tried to stop them 70 it in the newspaper but later they were proved

right.

第五节短文改错:(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

增加:在此处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出修改的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在其下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从十一处起)不计分。

John was studying in his room while he heard screaming. When he and his father

rushed outside ,he found Anne Slade, mother of three, lie in her front garden bleeding

very heavy. It was John’s quick action and knowledge of his first aid which saved

Ms Slade’s life. He immediately asked the number of nearby people for bandages, but

when nobody could put their hands on some, her father got some tea towels and tape

from their house. John used these treat the most s evere injuries to Ms Slade’s hands.

He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and

ambulance had arrived. It is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid

skills saved Ms Slade’s life.

第六节书面表达(,满分25分)

最近你班将举行一场题为Life in the future 的讨论会,请根据以下要点,写一篇120字左

右的发言稿.

1.由于新能源的出现,污染问题将得到控制。人们可以乘坐旋转车飞往任何地方.,环保,

快速而且安全. 垃圾将被全部回收并转化成各种有用的材料。

2.人们的日常生活也将会有很大的变化。机器人不仅可以代替工人在工厂里工作,还可

以为你做家务。手机可以戴在手腕上,通话时还可以看到对方。闲暇时你还可以乘坐太空仓进

入太空度假。

Life in the future

In the future , man’s life will be very different from that of today.

高二级英语期中试题答案

第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

1--5 ABDBC 6--10 BACCD 11---15 DCABC 16--20 BABCD

第二节阅读理解(每题2分,满分50分)

21---24 ABDC 25---29 DAACB 30---32 DBC 33---36CBDA

37---40 ABCD 41---45 ABEDG

第七节单词拼写:(每空一词,每词1分,满分15分)

46. organ 47.variety 48. processed 49. temporary 50.fastened

51. electric 52. greedy 53. roughly 54. sense 55. credit

56. unbearable 57. ahead 58.recycled 59. provinces 60.polluted

第八节课文填空:(根据课文内容填空,每空一词,每词1.5分,满分15分)

61. will 62. as 63. delighted 64. cover 65. where

66. of 67. interviewee 68. taking 69. guilty 70. publishing

第九节短文改错:(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

71.while--when 72. lay--lying 73. heavy--heavily 74. which--that

75.the--a 76. some--any 77. her--his 78. treat前加to 79. 去掉had

80. It--There

第十节书面表达(,满分25分)

Life in the future

In the future , man’s life will be very different from that of today. First, because of the discovery of new energy, the environmental pollution will be under control. people can fly anywhere in a hovering carriage driven by computer, which is environmentally friendly, quick and safe. All the waste will be recycled and turned into several grades of useful material. Second, people’s daily life will change greatly, too. Not only do robots work in factories in place of workers, but they will also do all your housework for you. You can put your mobile phone around your wrist and can see the caller while speaking. You can also travel in space for a holiday by capsule in your spare time. On the whole you can do whatever you like as long as it’s not bad to others.

2020年甘肃省天水市麦积区(中小学、幼儿园)教师招聘真题试卷及答案

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甘肃省天水市第一中学2020-2021学年高一下学期第二阶段地理(理)试题

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A.迁出人口数量贵州多于四川,迁入人口数量上海多于广东 B.人口自然增长率贵州低于天津,高于安徽 C.人口增长率浙江高于江苏 D.安徽迁出人口数量最多 4.2005~2010年,省级行政区域间的人口迁移 A.延缓了皖、赣、黔的老龄化进程B.延缓了沪、京、津的老龄化进程 C.降低了皖、赣、黔的城市化水平D.降低了沪、京、津的城市化水平 下图为“甲、乙、丙三个服务中心的服务范围示意图”,读下图,完成下面小题。 5.下列商业部门与图中服务中心甲、乙、丙的服务职能依次对应正确的是()A.汽车销售、珠宝商行、星级宾馆B.早点铺、星级宾馆、家用电器 C.星级宾馆、家用电器、早点铺D.高档电器、早点铺、星级宾馆 6.下列说法中,错误的是() A.城市的服务范围没有明确的界线B.城市的服务范围是固定的 C.城市的服务范围是不固定的D.任何城市都有其一定的服务范围 下图为“我国某中等城市常住人口数量与距市中心距离的关系图”。读图回答下列小题。 7.①区域常住人口数量较少的主要原因是该区域( ) A.环境极差B.地价太高 C.交通不便D.设施不全 8.③区域可能属于( ) A.工业区B.住宅区C.商业区D.行政区 读“某特大城市及其周边地区各类土地的付租能力与该地区地形剖面示意图”,图中分布在b1、b2两地的功能区相同,但级别不同。

天水市麦积区道南小学简介

麦积区道南小学简介 道南小学始建于1958年,占地面积8876平方米,建筑面积4642平方米,现有教职工102人,在校学生2170名,30个教学班,教师中有特级教师3名,市级以上骨干教师22名,省级教学能手4名,63名教师取得了大专学历,35人取得本科学历。学校始终以创一流示范小学为目标,狠抓师德建设,强化内部管理,在德育、智育、心理健康、教科研、校园文化建设等方面创造性的开展工作,取得了显著成效。 一、近三年来的教育教学质量情况 近年来,学校始终围绕“质量强校”目标,以五个文化建设、四个能力建设、一个质量建设为重点,以“优化课堂教学,减轻学生过重课业负担”为抓手,立足“有效课堂”建设,加强教学管理,提高教研水平,规范办学行为,做好教育教学各项工作。教学质量一直名列全区同类学校前沿,且一直稳中有升,得到了社会和家长的好评。 同时学校非常重视学生的品德教育、安全教育、体育、心理健康教育、艺体教育和学生良好习惯的养成教育,并有机训练,扎实开展各项活动,努力营造良好的校园文化氛围,构建和谐的校园学习育人环境,最大限度地发挥校园信息技术网络、校园广播系统的作用,以丰富多彩的组织形式寓教于乐,在活动中激发兴趣,培养特长,增长才干。苗苗艺术

校园文化系列活动已成为学校特色。校鼓号队、腰鼓队、舞蹈队、文学组、书画组、英语组、科技组等常年活动,成绩喜人。近年来,在市艺术节上我校舞蹈《黄河鼓娃》、《红炮杖》、《北京欢迎你》、歌伴舞《亲爱的中国,我爱你》、《跳动的音符》获舞蹈组一、二等奖,有三人绘画、器乐、声乐获二三等奖。校腰鼓队、鼓号队在社区活动中,深受人们的喜爱。文学组先后在《天水日报》教育周刊、《小学生作文》等报刊发表习作达50多篇,信息技术教育在甘肃省青少年科技创新大赛中获甘肃省“学生天地杯”竞赛一等奖,机器人比赛获甘肃省一等奖,全国大赛二等奖。英语教学更具特色,近年在全市小学生英语口语大赛中,我校学生成绩名列前茅,多次获奖。教师论文先后有90多篇在省市级刊物上交流发表。新课改革工作也不断向前推进,教师中学习、探究、创新蔚然成风,全体教师正以全新的理念进行着全新的教学实践活动。 还有近年来,在有限的空间环境下,学校加大教学环境的改造工作,学校面貌焕然一新。创建了校园广播系统,组建了多媒体教室、白板教室、微机室、图书室、仪器室、阅览室、实验室、音乐形体教室。学校先后获得了市区“教学先进单位”,“十佳学校”,省“优秀红旗大队”、“德育工作先进学校”、“市文明单位”等多项荣誉。 二、面临的困难和存在的问题

甘肃省天水市第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第一学段考试化学试题(理)

甘肃省天水市第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第一学段考试化学试题(理) 学校_________ 班级__________ 姓名__________ 学号__________ 一、单选题 1. 下列化学用语不正确的是 A.氮分子的电子式 B.CO 2 的电子式: C.NH 4 Cl的电子式: D.用电子式表示HCl的形成过程 2. 下列各组物质中化学键的类型完全相同的是( ) A.NaCl MgCl 2Na 2 O B.H 2O Na 2 O CO 2 C.CaCl 2NaOH H 2 SO 4 D.NH 4Cl H 2 O CO 2 3. 某兴趣小组设计的简易原电池装置如图所示。该电池工作时,下列说法正确的是 A.锌片作正极,发生还原反应 B.电子由碳棒经导线流向锌片 C.每有1molZn溶解,即有2N A 的电子流经电解液 D.碳棒上有气泡产生 4. 已知R2-离子的核内有n个中子,R的质量数为M,则mgR2-离子里含有电子的物质的量为 A.B.C.D.

5. 反应A(g)+3B(g)?2C(g)+2D(g),在四种不同情况下用不同物质表示的反应速率分别如下,其中反应速率最小的是 A.v(A)=0.04mol/(L·s)B.v(B)=0.06mol/(L·s) C.v(C)=0.05mol/(L·s)D.v(D)=0.02mol/(L·s) 6. 下列有关化学反应速率的说法中,正确的是 A.实验室制取氢气时,将稀硫酸换为98%的浓硫酸,可加快反应速率 B.在金属钠与足量水反应中,增加水的量能加快反应速率 C.稀硫酸与氢氧化钠溶液反应时,增大压强可以加快反应速率 D.无论是吸热还是放热反应,加热都能加快化学反应速率 7. 已知短周期元素的离子 a A3+、 b B+、 c C3-、 d D-都具有相同的电子层结构,则下 列叙述正确的是( ) A.原子半径A>B>D>C B.离子半径 C3->D->B+>A3+ C.原子序数d>c>b>a D.A与B、C、D的最高价氧化物的水化物都能反应 8. 下列说法中,正确的个数为 ①共价化合物中不可能有离子键 ②由非金属元素组成的化合物一定是共价化合物 ③氯化钠的熔化与冰的融化所克服的粒子间相互作用相同 ④液态水气化是一个吸热反应 ⑤生石灰溶于水是一个放热的物理过程 ⑥熔融状态能导电的化合物是离子化合物 ⑦已知锑元素的相对原子质量为127.760,锑有两种以上天然同位素,则127.760是按照锑的各种天然同位素的质量数与这些同位素所占的原子百分比计算出来的平均值 A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个 9. 短周期元素X和Y,可组成化合物X 2Y 3 。当Y的原子序数为a时,X的原子 序数可能是①a-3②a+5③a-8④a-1,其中正确的组合是 A.①③④B.②③④C.①②③D.①②④ 10. 下列说法正确的是() A.原子序数之差为2的两种元素不可能位于同一主族 B.位于同一主族相邻的甲、乙两种元素,甲的原子序数为x,则乙的原子序数可能是x+4 C.D ̄核外有36个电子,则D元素位于第四周期第ⅦA族 D.位于同一周期的甲、乙两种元素,甲位于第ⅠA族,原子序数为x;乙位于第ⅢA族,则乙原子序数可能为x+19

【精准解析】甘肃省天水市第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第一学段考试历史(理)试题

天水一中高一级2019—2020学年度第二学期第一学段考试 历史试题(理科) (满分:100分时间:90分钟) 一、单选题 1.古代南京云锦,是专供宫廷御用或赏赐功臣之物。云锦配色多达十八种,大量使用金线,形成金碧辉煌的独特风格。织造工艺高超,用“七个范子,八个障子”就能把杂乱无章的线理得井井有条,成语“七上八下”就出自云锦。南京云锦最有可能生产于() A.民营手工业 B.家庭手工业 C.工场手工业 D.官营手工业 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】材料中“专供宫廷御用或赏赐功臣之物”体现了南京云锦的生产目的是为官用,且“其织造工艺高超”,从而可以推断生产于官营手工业,故答案为D;ABC三项所生产的产品一般不作为官用,且产品没有官营手工业精美,故排除ABC三项。 2.清朝前期“苏城机户类多雇人工织。机户出资经营,机匠计工受值……”其中的“机户”和“机匠”之间的关系是 A.封建的人身依附关系 B.资本主义性质的雇佣关系 C.地主与农民的关系 D.奴隶制生产关系 【答案】B 【解析】 “机户”和“机匠”属于雇佣和被雇佣的关系,属于资本主义性质生产关系,B正确;A、C 属于地主和农民的关系;D属于奴隶社会生产关系。 3.“嫂嫂织布,哥哥卖布……土布贵,洋布便宜;土布没人要,饿倒了哥哥嫂嫂”,近代中国的这首民谣反映了当时的一种社会经济现象。这一社会经济现象的实质是 A.自然经济开始解体 B.国内贸易中心的转移 C.传统纺织业的发展 D.民族工业的产生 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】鸦片战争后,资本主义国家将大量商品输入中国,输入的洋货多为机器制造,物美

价廉,竞争力强,而中国的土货滞销,土布、土纱等的销售陷入困境。材料反映了中国的手工业棉纺织业的衰败,标志着自然经济开始解体,A正确;B选项与材料内容无关,排除;C 选项说法与材料相悖,排除;材料中没有涉及到民族工业,排除D。 4.清朝雍正皇帝在上谕中说:“朕观四民之业,士之外,农为最贵,凡士工商贾,皆赖食于农,以故农为天下之本务,而工贾皆其末也。”根据这种思想所制定的政策应该是 A.海禁 B.重农抑商 C.闭关锁国 D.抑制兼并 【答案】B 【解析】 材料“农为最贵,凡士工商贾,皆赖食于农,以故农为天下之本务,而工贾皆其末也”反映了重农抑商的思想,故B正确;材料未涉及海禁政策,故A错误;材料也没有反映闭关锁国,故C错误;材料无法体现抑制土地兼并的主张,故D错误。故选B。 点睛:本题解题的关键是正确理解材料关键信息“农为最贵,凡士工商贾,皆赖食于农,以故农为天下之本务”,学生应该结合所学知识从重农抑商的角度入手,即可排除不符合材料的选项。 5.下列是从古诗“二月卖新丝,五月粜新谷。医得眼前疮,剜却心头肉”中读出的信息,其中错误的是 A.农民生活艰辛 B.土地兼并严重 C.农副产品进入流通领域 D.小农业和小手工业紧密结合 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:本题以古诗为资料考查学生正确提取有效信息的能力。诗句“医得眼前疮,剜却心头肉”体现了农民生活的艰难,故A项正确。C项可以从“卖新丝”、“粜新谷”的词句中获取,而“丝”与“谷”又恰好反映小农经济耕织结合的特点,因此D项也是正确的。B项土地兼并现象不能从诗句中得到验证。 考点:中国古代的经济。 点评:从考查角度和能力看,中国古代经济特别注重对农业生产工具、“男耕女织”小农经济和古代经济政策的考查。主要运用新材料或图片,设置新情境,考查学生分析、理解认识问题的能力。

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