2.名词性从句
名词性从句
I 引导名词性从句的连接词 .......................................................................................................... - 1 - II 主语从句..................................................................................................................................... - 1 - III 表语从句 ................................................................................................................................... - 1 - IV 宾语从句 ................................................................................................................................... - 2 - V 同位语从句................................................................................................................................. - 2 - VI whether和if的区别............................................................................................................... - 3 - VII “疑问词+ ever ”的用法 .......................................................................................................... - 3 - VIII名词性从句解题思路：先成分后含义.................................................................................. - 4 - 练习I: 基础题................................................................................................................................ - 4 - 练习题II：高考试题..................................................................................................................... - 7 - 练习题III 模拟试题.................................................................................................................... - 8 -
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
I 引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。
根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。
II 主语从句
1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
Who will go is not important.
2、主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免"头重脚轻", 常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。
It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.
3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
III 表语从句
1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
The question was who could go there.
2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.
注意：
1.当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .
2.在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用should+动词原形表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, insistence, plan, idea等。
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
His proposal was that they (should ) challenge the other classes to afriendly competition
IV 宾语从句
1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
I hope (that) everything is all right.
2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或whether。
I’m interested in whether you’ve finished the work..
I’m interested in what you’ve said.
3、用it作形式宾语的情况：常用it来作形式宾语，把真正的宾语从句放在句末，这种情况尤其出现在带复合宾语的句子中。We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
4. 关于that的省略:一般情况下，宾语从句中的that是可以省略的。但在下列几种情况下，that一般不可省略。介词后面的that不能省。Pter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless. 并列连词and连接两个或两个以上宾语从句，and前面的that可以省略，and的后面的that不能省略。
Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.
5、宾语从句的否定转移: 在think, consider, believe, suppose, expect, fancy等动词,且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句上。
I don’t think we need waste much time on it. 我想我们不必在这上面花太多时间
We didn’t think we’d be this late. 我们没想到我们会到得这么晚。
I don’t suppose I’ll trouble you again. 我想我不要再麻烦你了。
6、含有宾语从句复合句的反意疑问句
在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，附加问句一般与主句一致。例如：
She told me that she had finished the task，didn’t he？
但是若主句谓语为suppose，think，believe，guess，imagine，expect等，主语是第一人称，这时，疑问部分与从句保持一致，并注意否定转移。例如：
I don’t think he will get there on time，will he？
I expect you will have a good time there，won’t you？
但如果主语是第二、三人称，则疑问部分与主句一致，且不存在否定转移。例如：
You don’t think we can speak English，do you？
He thinks he’s got the right answer，doesn’t he？
V 同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。同位语从句一般由that引导，但也可以由whether 以及连接代词和连接副词引导。
I have no idea when he will be back.
The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.
注意：在一些表示建议、命令、要求的名词后的同位语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形表示，should可省略。
This is our only request that this (hould) be settled as soon as possible.
VI whether和if的区别
一、引导宾语从句，一般既可用whether也可用if。但
1 or not放在whether之后时，只能用whether不用if。
I don’t know whether or not he will come. 我不知道他是不是回来。
注1：如果or not放在whether所引导的从句句尾，则可以用if来替换。
I don’t know whether/if he wil l come or not.我不知道他是不是回来。
2 在强调任意选择时,用whether…or,此时不用if替换whether。
He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus.他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。
注：whether和or一起还有“不管”之意,引导让步状语从句。
Whether he drives or takes the train, he will be here on time.不管开车来还是乘火车来，他都会准时到。
3 虽引导宾语从句，但为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句放在句首，此时只用whether不用if。
Whether he will come I am not sure.他是不是来我拿不准。
4 从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。
It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不是晴天。
5 作discuss等动词的宾语时，用whether不用if。
We discussed whether we should close the shop.我们讨论是不是该关掉商店。
6 句子中有if引导的条件句，如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句，用whether不用if。
He asked me whether I’d move to New York if I got the job.他问我如果我得到那份工作是否会搬家到纽约。
7 容易产生歧义时用whether不用if来表示“是否”。
Please let me know if you need help. 如果你需要帮助请告诉我。或：请告诉我你是否需要帮助。对比：Please let me know if you need help.请告诉我你是否需要帮助。
8 如果宾语从句为否定句时，则只用if不用whether。
I don’t know if it won't rain tomorrow..我不知道明天是不是会下雨。
二、在引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般用whether不用if。如：
⑴Whether it is true remains a question.(主语从句)那是不是真的还是个问题。
⑵The question is whether it is true.(表语从句)问题是是不是真的。
⑶We have a doubt whether it is true.(同位语从句) 我们怀疑那是不是真的。
注:whether引导主语从句放在主句之后时可用if来代替。
It is unclear whether/if he likes the present.他是不是喜欢那个礼物还不清楚。
三、用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。
I don’t know whether to go there at once. 我不知道是不是该立刻去那里。
VII “疑问词+ ever ”的用法
1.“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词+ever”互换。
No matter where he may be （=Wherever he may be）, he will be happy. 他无论在什么地方都快乐。
2. 而“疑问词+ever”还可以引导名词性从句。如：
Give this book to whoever likes it. 谁喜欢这本书就给谁吧。（这里不能用no matter who。）
3. whoever既可引导名词性从句，又有在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等；whomever也可引导名词性从句，但只能在从句中作宾语。如：
You may invite whomever you like.
4. whatever表示“无论什么”，没有一定的范围限制；whichever表示“无论哪一个、无论哪些”，其后可接一个名词。如：
Eat whichever cake you like.
另外，whatever / whichever / whoever 与whenever / wherever / however 分别可相当于what / which / who 与when / where / how 的强调式，引起的特殊疑问句往往是简单句，与原疑问词的意思、用法完全相同，只是表达的语气更为强烈，翻译时可加上“到底；究竟”等。例如：
What（ever）are you doing ？你（到底）在干什么？
Which（ever）do you want to buy ？你（究竟）要买哪一个？
Who（ever）told you such a foolish story？（究竟）是谁讲给你这么蠢的事？
When（ever）can I enjoy a long vacation？（究竟）什么时候才能给我放个长假呢？
Where（ever）did you leave your dictionary？你（究竟）把词典放哪儿了？
How（ever）did you collect so much money？你（到底）是怎样筹到这么多钱的？
VIII名词性从句解题思路：先成分后含义
1）首先要从整体上确定所要分析的句子属于名词性从句的哪一种。
2）其次看缺什么成分，要是缺主语，宾语或表语，连接词要用连接代词；要是缺状语就用连接副词；要是不缺任何成分就用从属连词。
3）意义整合法：运用成分分析法判断是选连接代词还是用连接副词或从属连词，在此基础上运用意义整合法进行筛选。
练习I: 基础题
1. Do you see _____ I mean?
A. that
B./
C. how
D. what
2. Tell me_____ is on your mind.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. why
3. We must stick to _____ we have agreed on.
A. what
B. that
C. /
D. how
4. Let me see _____.
A. that can I repair the radio
B. whether -I can repair the radio
C. I can repair the radio
D. whether can I repair the radio
5. Keep in mind _____.
A. that the teacher said
B. what did the teacher say
C. that did the teacher say
D. what the teacher said
6. Could you advise me _____?
A. which book should I read first
B. what book should I read first
C. that book 1 should read first
D. which book I should read first
7. He was criticized for _____.
A. he had done it
B. what he had done
C. what had he done
D. that he had done it
8. Would you kindly tell me _____?
A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway Station
B. how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station
C. where can I get to the Beijing Railway Station
D. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station
9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _____.
A. what had she seen in China
B. that she had seen in China
C. what she had seen in China
D. which had she seen in China
10. We took it for granted ___
A. that they were not coming
B. that were they not coming
C. they were coming not
D. were they not coining
11. I really don't know _____
A. I should do next
B. what should I do next
C. what I should do next
D. how I should do next
12. I'm afraid _____.
A. the little girl will have to be operated on
B. that will the little girl have to operate on
C. the little girl will have to operate on
D. that will the little girl have to be operated on
13. She walked up to _____ .
A. where did I stand
B. where I stood
C. I stood there
D. where I stood there
14. Can you tell me _____?
A. who is that gentleman
B. that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is
D. whom .is that gentleman
15. We'll give you _____.
A. that do you need
B. what do you need
C. whatever you need
D. whether do you need
16. They want us to know _____ to help us.
A. what can they
B. what they can
C. how they can
D. how can they
17. We must put _____ into practice.
A. what we have learned
B. that we have learned
C. that have we learned
D. what have we learned
18. Did she say anything about _____?
A. that the work was to be done
B. how was the work to be done
C. that was the work to be done
D. how the work was to be done
19. He was never satisfied with _____.
A. what she had achieved
B. had what she achieved
C. she had achieved
D. that she achieved
20. These photographs will show you _____.
A. what does our village look like
B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like
D. how our village looks like
21. Peter insisted _____ he pay the bill.
A. on that
B. what
C. that
D. on which
22. They urged _____ the library open during the vacation.
A. when
B. where
C. why
D. that
23. We wish we could have learned _____ when we were at high school.
A. what you did
B. that you had done
C. that what you did
D. what did you do
24.1 will describe to you _____ I saw when there.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D./
25. From _____ I should say he is a good worker.
A. what 1 know of him
B. that I do know of him
C. what do I know of him
D. that do I know of him
26. I will give this dictionary to __ wants to have it.
A. whomever
B. anyone
C. whoever
D. someone
27._____ they will come here hasn' t been decided yet.
A. What
B. That
C. When
D. Where
28. _____ was said here must be kept secret.
A. Who
B. The thing
C. Whatever
D. Where
29. It is still a question _____ we shall have our sports meet.
A. if
B. that
C. what
D. when
30. I'm going anyway. _____ she will go is up to her to decide.
A. If or not
B. Whether or not
C. If
D. That
31. It is strange _____ she have left without saying a word.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. how
32. It is very clear _____ our policy is a correct one.
A. what
B. that
C. why
D. where
33. _____ Mr Zhang said is quite right.
A. That
B. When
C. What
D. Whether
34. It has been decided _____ he will be sent there.
A. if
B. whether
C. why
D. that
35. It doesn' t matter _____he' s come back or not.
A. if
B. whether
C. that
D. when
36. It's a great pity _____ we won’t be able to finish the task on time.
A. when
B. that
C. why
D. where
37. It happened _____ I wasn't there that day.
A. when
B. why
C. where
D. that
38._____ you have done might do harm to other people.
A. What
B. That
C. Which
D. The things
39. _____ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.
A. Anyone
B. The person
C. Whoever
D.Who
40._____ the 2000 Olympic Games won't be held in Beijing is known to all.
A. Whether
B. If
C. Whenever
D. That
练习题II：高考试题
1 (07山东22)Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales，please?
A.anyone
B.someone
C.whoever
D.no matter who
2．(09湖南28) She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
A. whichever
B. however
C. whatever
D. whoever
3. (09江西33) The fact has worried many scientists ____ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. though
4. (07陕西8) parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.
A.That
B.Which
C.What
D.As
5 (09海南33) One of the most important questions they had to consider was of public health
A. what
B. this
C. that
D. which
6 07江苏25)Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.
A.what
B.why
C.how
D.whether
7. (09四川7) News came from the school office ____Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
8. (09天津7) It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.
A. as
B. which
C. whether
D. that
9．(09浙江12)－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?
－No problem.
A.When
B. that
C. whether
D. what
10 (09重庆31) We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more
books on popular science.
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
11. (09江苏34)Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life’s most
important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.
A. as
B. that
C. which
D. what
12 (09山东28)The little girl who got lost decided to remain ____she was and wait for her mother.
A. where
B. what
C. how
D. who
1307福建35)It is none of your business other people think about you.Believe yourself.
A.how
B.what
C.which
D.when
14.(08天津12)The last time we had great fun was ___ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where
B. how
C. when
D. why
15. (07浙江5)Why not try your luck downtown，Bob? That’s the best jobs are.
A.where
B.what
C.when
D.why
16.(08湖南29)When asked they needed most，the kids said they wanted to feel important and
loved.
A.what
B.why
C.whom
D.which
17.(08陕西8)Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held?
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
18.(08重庆25)People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.how
19.(08浙江6)Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. one
is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.
A.It
B.What
C.As
D.Which
was most important to her，she told me，was her family.
A.It
B.This
C.What
D.As
A.What
B.Why
C.Where
D.Which
23.(07天津15)The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.Warm sunshine and soft sands make it is.
A.what
B.which
C.how
D.where
24.(07安徽33)You can only be sure of ave at present; you cannot be sure of something
ht get in the future.
A.that;what
B.what;/
C.which;that
D./;that
25.(07湖南28)Having checked the doors were closed，and all the lights were off，the boy opened the door to his bedroom.
A.why
B.that
C.when
D.where
练习题III 模拟试题
1song Jay Zhou sings will surely become popular pretty soon.
A．What B．Which C．Whoever D．Whatever
2．（09北京市海淀区高三二模）The conference aims to develop business and let people think about ______ they can have a positive influence on the planet．
A．why B．that C．what D．how
3．（09北京市西城区高三二模）—Hi, Peter. You seem to have gained a lot of weight.
—Well, good food, not enough exercise. That’s I got fat.
A．how B．when C．what D．whether
4
A．How B．Why C．What D．Which
5.（09山东省聊城市高三二模）What impresses me most is ____ he appears in front of others, he wears a sincere and charming smile.
A. what
B. which
C. that where
D. that whenever
6.（09山东省临沂市高三二模）The question came up at the meeting _ _ we had enough
money for our research.
A. whether
B. that
C. which
D. what
7.（09山东省临沂市高三二模）I don't say I am against their plan. But the trouble is ___ they do doesn't agree with what they say.
A. what that
B. that what
C. if what
D. what if
8．(09年山东省枣庄市高三二模)Today the world is paying much more attention to, obviously, _____ China says and does.
A．that B．which C．what D．how
9．(09山东省枣庄市高三二模)Liquids are like solids ______ they have a definite volume.
A．in that B．so that C．with that D．for that
10．(09山东省枣庄市高三二模)I'd get a job doing something exciting, ____ I could meet interesting people and travel a lot.
A．that B．which C．when D．where
11．(09山东省诸城市高三二模)A growing anxiety is disturbing the public ______the economy will continuously decline.
A．which B．that C．why D．whether
12．(09山东省淄博市高三二模)As a matter of fact, nearly everybody in the world would like to be ____ Bill Gates is, doing ____ he is doing.
A．where; what B．what; that C．that; what D．who; that
13．(09天津市河西区第二学期高三年级总复习质量调查)They lost their way in the forest, and made matters worse was．that night began to fall．
A．that B．what C．which D．it
14，but rather whether yo u’11 try
or not．
A．What B．Whether C．If D．Which
15．(09浙江省杭州市第二次高考科目教学质量检测)Honesty is a kind of quality and that’s it takes to communicate with others
successfully.
A．what B．why C．how D．which
16. (09河北省邯郸市高三第二次模拟)You’d better g ive the task to____ you think can finish it
ahead of time.
A. whoever
B. whomever
C. anyone
D. no matter who
17．(09辽宁省沈阳二中高三二模) When faced with life and death decisions, a teacher can be expected to do is to protect students with his or her own life．
A．That B．Wha t C．How D．Whether
18．（09福建省厦门市高三一模试题）is responsible for this accident will be punished．A．Who B．Whoever C．The one D．No matter who
19.（09江苏省南通市高三一模试题）Thanks to the application of new farming methods, output is
now six times _____ it
was before 2000.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. how
20．（09山东省滨州市高三一模试题）一What were you trying to prove to the police?
—______ I was last night．
A．That B．When C．Where D．What
参考答案(名词性从句)
练习题I: 1~5 DBABD 6~10 DBBCA 11~15 CABCC 16~20 BADAB 21~25 CDAAA
26~30 CCCDB 31~35 ABCDB 36~40 BDACD
练习题：whoever在句中引导名词性从句，作介词to的宾语，whoever在从句中作主语；
no matter who只能引导让步状语从句。C：名词性从句的引导词。句意为：她对我们来
：间隔式同位语从句的用法。
即先行词是the fact 和that C：本题考查名词性从句的选用。分析句子结构可知，此处主语从句缺少动词say and do的宾语，故用what。
他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查that作代词，that 作代词，往往用于
特指，相当于“that＋名词”：what引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语，what在从句中又充当介词for的宾语，其他选项为副词或连词，无此作用。
：在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news的内容，由于该题把同位语从句
后置了，所以很多考生由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了D
分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，而真正的主语应为后面的从句，且从句中缺少动词think
的宾语，故用what引导。由the last time可知是表示时间，故用when引导表语从句。
A：为什么不到市中心商业区去碰碰运气呢，鲍勃？那是最好的工作所在的地方。
where“……的地方”：当被问到他们最需要什么时，孩子们说他们想让别人觉得他们是重要的，希望被爱。what引导宾语从句，且what在从句中作needed的宾
：由句式结构可以判断the party is to be held是get any idea的同位语，故空格处应为同位语从句的引导词，且该从句中句子成分完整，但语意不完整，故应选择D项，
：what 引导名词性从句，同时充当achieved：句中的from缺
少宾语，what既引导了宾语从句，又充当了speak B：分析题干结构“is known to us all”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。如果选
it，需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉is that：what引导主语从句，同时又在从句中充
：本题考查主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，所以A：每年夏天这儿的海边都吸引大量的游客。温暖的阳光和柔软的沙滩使海边成了现在的样子。what引导宾
语从句，且what在从句中作表语，意为“……的（东西）”：what引导宾语从句，并在
从句中作宾语；that B：确保门关上了，且所有的灯都关上了之后，那个男孩打开门进了他的卧室。checked后跟了两个宾语从句，第一个从句的引导词that省略了。
练习题III: 1 D 2 D 3A 4 C 5 D 6 A 7 B 8 C 9A 10 D 11 B 12 A 13B 14 A 15 A16 A17 B 18B 19B 20 C
名词性从句
名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中所起的语法作用，这类从句分别称为主语从句、 1.作动词的宾语 ①大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后： He doesn’t know where the post office is. 他不知道邮局在哪里。 ②有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语： He told me what I should read. 他已告诉我应该读些什么。 ③如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语it，而将从句放到补足语后面： I thought it strange that he failed to call me. ④在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式，而将主句谓 语动词think等变为否定形式： I don’t think you are right. *⑤在think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 等动词以及I’m afraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句： E.g. --- Do you believe it will clear up? 你以为天气会转晴吗？ --- I believe so. 我认为会这样。 (--- I don’t believe so./I believe not.) 我认为不会这样。 －Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend? －. A．I don’t believe B．I don’t believe it C．I believe not so D．I believe not －Don’t you think Jack’s health has been ruined by over drinking? －Yes, he told me himself. A．the thing B．it C．so D．the fact 2. 作介词的宾语 ①that引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到： Your article is all right except that it is too long. 你的文章挺好，只是太长了。 Did she say anything about how we should do the work? 关于这工作我们该怎么做她说什么没有？ *②有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语it; 如短语动词answer for（担保）、count on (期待)、depend on、insist on、see to(负责，确保)等后接that引导的宾语从句时，必须冠以形式宾语it。 I’ll see to it that everything is ready. 我将负责把一切准备好。 ③介词后的宾语从句不能由if引导，而要用whether. I’m counting on it that you will come.我期待着你的到来。 She’ll see to it that he goes ahead.她将确保他继续进行。 3. 作形容词的宾语 在某些形容词（如afra id“恐怕”，sure“确信”，certain“肯定”，confident“相信”等）作表语时，可接一个that引导的宾语从句（也有人认为是状语从句）： I’m afraid (that) I have made a mistake.恐怕我犯了一个错误。 表语从句 表语从句放在连系动词（如be, seem, remain等）后： The question is whether we should accept their invitation. 问题是我们是否应该接受他们的邀请。 1.when, where, why, because, how 等引导的从句作This is 和That is 的表语 时，表示具体的时间、地点、原因、方式等： This is why we put off the meeting. 这就是我们推迟会议的原因。 This is why…＝＞This is the reason why… This is where…＝＞This is the place where… This is when…＝＞This is the time when… This is how…＝＞Thi s is the way(that/in which)… 2．主语是reason时，表语从句常用that, 不用because; The reason for his absence was that he was ill。 他缺席的原因是病了。 3．as, as if, because 有时也可引导表语从句； Things were not as they seemed to be. 情况并不是看上去的那个样子。 It looks as if it is (或：were) going to rain.看起来天要下雨。 ▲注意：as if引导的表语从句有时也可用虚拟语气，表示可能性小。 主语从句 主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语。引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether, 连接代词who, what which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。 如：1) What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 2) Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance. 3) Who will go makes no difference. 1.主语从句可以直接放在句首；也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。 如：That light travels in straight lines in known to all. It’s known to all that light travels in straight lines. 众所周知，光沿直线运行。 When we shall have our sports meet is still a question.
英语名词性从句知识归纳
名词性从句知识归纳 名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句，主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句不是修饰性从句，而是复合句中的主干。 e.g. That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. （主语从句） I know that he is writing his composition in his room. （宾语从句） The question is how we can finish it on time. （表语从句） The fact that some Chinese are still poor is really a great problem. （同位语从句） 一、宾语从句---及物动词、介词、部分形容词（certain, sure, glad, afraid, frightened, happy, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, upset, satisfied等）后 e.g. I believe (that) he is honest. (that不充当从句内的任何成分，一般情况可省略) I’m glad that you are satisfied with your job. (that不充当从句内的任何成分) He doesn’t care if/whether it isn’t a fine day. (if/whether不充当从句内的任何成分) Please tell me what you want. (what充当从句内的宾语) She always thinks of how she can work well. (how充当从句内的状语) I don’t believe whatever he said.(whatever充当从句内的宾语，意为“任何事”) I’ll take whoever wants to go. (whoever从当从句内的主语，意为“任何人”)【宾语从句要点拓展】1. that引导宾语从句时一般可以省略，若由and或or连接两个宾语从句时，第一个从句中的that可以省略，而第二个分句前的that不可省略。 e.g. He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 2. whether和if引导宾语从句一般可以互换使用，但以下情况只能使用whether
What和that在名词性从句中的用法区别
What 和that 在名词性从句中的用法区别 What 和that 都可以引导名词性从句。 一．在引导名词性从句时，从属连词that一般要注意三个不（three nos）： 1．不省略（no ellipsis） 当从属连词that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不省略。 Eg. 1) That he was able to come made us happy.(That 引导主语从句不可省略) 2)The truth is that I didn’t go there. (that引导表语从句不可省略) 3)The news that our team has won is true. (that引导同位语从句不可省略) 但在非正式文体中that 引导宾语从句时可以省略，除下列两种情况外： that在宾语从句中不能省略的情况. (1). 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that，从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略. Eg: 4) He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.（that不可以省略） 他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。 (2). 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 则第二个宾语从句前的that不省略。Eg: 5) He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.（第一个That可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。)他告诉我他将来而且他将准时来。 2．不作成分（no component） that 在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。 Eg. 6)Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.（that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中不作任何成分） 7))That you don’t like him is none of my business. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中不作任 何成分，也不省略） 3．没词义（no meaning） that 在名词性从句中没有汉语意思。 Eg. 8)That she is a rich woman is known to us. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义) 她是一个很有钱的女子，这一点我们都知道。 9）The thought that he might fail in the exam worried him. (that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义） 他也许会考试失败，这一想法使他很担心。 二．在引导名词性从句时，What一般要注意一个不（one no）,一个有（meaning）,一个作（component）： 1．不省略 what 引导名词性从句时，what 在句中不省略。这一用法与that 用法不尽相同。 eg. 10) What I had for breakfast today was rice with egg.(what 在句中引导主语从句，what 不省略) 11)----I think it’s going to be a big problem. ----Yes , it could be . ----I wonder what we can do about. (what在句中引导宾语从句，但在句中不省略） 2．有词义 what 引导名词性从句时，有词义。一般是“----的东西/事情/话等”这一用法与that 用法不一样eg. 1) This is what she wanted to show us. (what在句中引导表语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的东西、事情）这是她想让我们看的东西。 12）What the teacher said had a good effect on the children. (what在句中引导主语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的东西、事情）老师所说的话对孩子们有很好的作用。 3．作成分
(英语)英语名词性从句专项
（英语）英语名词性从句专项 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．It matters little ______ a man dies, but _____ matters much is ______ he lives. A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：一个人如何死去并不重要，重要的是他如何生活。it为形式主语，how从句为真正的主语。What matters much （=the thing that matters much）。第一个how引导的是一个主语从句；it作形式主语；what引导的是主语从句；第二个how引导的是表语从句。故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及主语从句和表语从句的应用。 2．While some behaviors may seem strange to you, remember you consider normal probably seems just as unusual to others. A. it; that B. what; that C. that; what D. which; that 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：虽然有些行为对你来说可能很奇怪，但请记住，你认为正常的行为对别人来说可能也不寻常。第一空为宾语从句，从句结构完整用that起连接作用，第二空为主语从句，从句中consider缺少宾语，应该用what，故选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的宾语从句和what引导的主语从句。 3．___ surprised me most was ____the girl passed the driver test. A. That; that B. What; how C. What; that D. That; why 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：最让我吃惊的是那个女孩通过了驾驶考试。___ surprised me most是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填what；____the girl passed the driver test 是一个表语从句，句中不缺少成分，故填that。因此选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句。4．_______ are playing an important part is well known to us all. A. That who B. Those who C. Who that D. Who 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。句意：谁起着重要作用，这是众所周知的。主语从句缺少引导词，从句缺少主语，故选D。 5．Has it been announced ______? A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off
名词性从句与定语从句区别练习
名词性从句专项练习Ⅱ 1. Police have found _________ appears to be the lost ancient statue. 2. _______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 3. Experts believe _______ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. 4. _________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love his son. 5. It’s good to know _______ the dogs will be well cared for while we away. 6. the only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. 7. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _____ close you may be to victory. 8. From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 9. _____ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. 10. It remains to be seen _____ the newly formed committee’s policy be put into practice. 11. It is by no means clear ______ the president can do to end the strike. 12. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ____ he reached these limits will depend on his environment.
【英语】英语名词性从句专题训练答案
【英语】英语名词性从句专题训练答案 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．______ will be in charge of the meeting has not been decided yet. A. What B. Which C. That D. Who 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：谁将负责这次会议还没有决定。______ will be in charge of the meeting是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指人，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及who引导的主语从句。 2．_______ are playing an important part is well known to us all. A. That who B. Those who C. Who that D. Who 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。句意：谁起着重要作用，这是众所周知的。主语从句缺少引导词，从句缺少主语，故选D。 3．—Tell me something about your adventure in the rainforest, please. — We lost our way in the forest and ___ made matters worse was ___ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. it; because D. what; because 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查名词性从句的连接词。第一空what作主语从句的主语；第二空为表语从句的that。 4．_______ you don't like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：你不喜欢他，跟我没有什么关系。you don't like him为主语从句，其内容已经是完整的，所以用that，且引导主语从句的that不能省略。 5．________ the weather will not clear up until next week is bad news for us. A. As B. If C. Whether D. That 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。句意：直到下周天气才放晴，这对我们来说是坏消息。
经典英语名词性从句
名词性从句在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。因此，我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。 That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。 What he said is true. 他说的是真的。 Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party?你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？ This party's really where it's at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。 We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。 He said that he would come. 他说他要来。
名词性从句
名词性从句1 名词性从句：在句子中起到一个名词的作用，并充当句子的主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句。分别称之为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。了解并正确使用关联词是写好名词性从句的关键。判断依据： 1.看在从句中有无具体意义； 2.看在从句中有无充当成分。如有，是充当什么成分 常见的关联词：which, how, why, whenever, what, whether who, when, whom, whose, that，whatever, whoever, where, whomever, wherever，whichever，if，however 一、名词性从句的关联词的分类、词义和用法见下表： 二、从句中that和what的区别 连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而what在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。表“…的东西/事情/样子/的话/的地方”，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。 1. I wonder if this is ______you are looking for. 2. Our school is quite different from _______ it was before. 3. Father made a promise ______ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer. I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind. earth is round is known to us all. 6. Is _____ he told us true 7. I have no doubt _____ he will come. 8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon. 三、who 与 whoever ；what 与 whatever whoever, whatever等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而who, what等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。
英语名词性从句
名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合 句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又 可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 概说引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether ,if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词：when, where, how, why 以及由how 构成的词组如how many ,how much, how soon, how often ,how far ,how long, how tall ,how high等. 1,名词性that-从句 1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用， 在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、 表语、同位语。例如： 主语：That he is still alive is sheer(全然的) luck.他还活着全靠运气。 动词宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。 形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。 介词宾语: I know nothing about him except that he is from the United States. 除了知道他是从美国来之外,我对他全无了解 表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。 同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently upsets everyone in his office. 近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。 2 if, whether引导的名词性从句 1）yes-no型疑问从句,从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问 转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和that-从 句的功能相同。例如： 主语：Whether the plan is doable remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。 宾语：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。 形容词宾语：She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。 介词宾语：I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。 表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money.问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。 同位语：They are looking into the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他们调查他是否值得信赖。 2）选择性疑问从句 选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…or not构成。例如： Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。 ―第1页共13页―
名词性从句----绝对经典系列
名词性从句Noun Clauses 一.基础定义和连接词 1. 名词性从句：就是在句子中起名词作用的从句。 2. 名词性从句包括4种从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句则很少考查。 ［判断］以下从句类型： 1) The truth is that I have been there.( ) 2) The fact that she was late surprised us.( ) 3) That he will come is certa in.( ) 4) I know that he will come.( ) 3. 名词性从句的连接词有： 从属连词(不做成分)：that (无意义)‘whether, if(是否)…. 连接代词(在从句中做主,宾，表，定):what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever 连接副词(在从句中做状语)：whe n, where, how , why 二.名词性从句位置和特点主语从句：1.可直接放在句首。 2. 主语较长时通常用It作形式主语，而将主语从句放在后面。 1) . ___ he knows Japaneses known to all. 2) . _____ surprised me was to see him here . 3) ________ he is comingdoesn' t matter much. 4) It remains a secret _____ they climbed up the mountain. 宾语从句：可做动词，介词和部分(表情感态度的)形容词词的宾语。 I want to know whe n we will start. Everyth ing depe nds on whether we have eno ugh time. I ' imfraid (that) I have made a mistake. 注意：如果宾语从句后面有宾补要使用it作形式宾语而将从句放到宾补后面。 常见的可以接it形式宾语的动词有：make, think, find, feel, consider等 He made it clear that he was determined to resign . I thought it strange that he didn ' t call me. 表语从句： 1. 位于系动词动词之后。常见此类系动词有be, look , seem,即pear等 It seems that she has known the truth. It looks as if it is going to rain. This school is no Ion ger what it was before. 2. 主语是reason时，表语从句常用that引导，不用because引导。
who 与 whoever 引导名词性从句的区别
v1.0 可编辑可修改 who 与 whoever 引导名词性从句的区别 book can be of great help to wants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 2. ______ will be sent to work there hasn’t been decided yet. 3. _________ will be sent to work there will be given a large house. 4. _______ gains the most points wins the competition. 5. I'll teach English to _________ wants to learn it. 6. I feel sorry for _________ marries him! leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 8. Could I speak to_______ is in charge of International Sales ,please A．anyone B．someone C．whoever D．no matter who 9. ______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. （08浙江卷4） A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who 1
英语名词性从句知识归纳
英语名词性从句知识归纳 Prepared on 22 November 2020
名词性从句知识归纳 名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句，主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句不是修饰性从句，而是复合句中的主干。 . That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. （主语从句） I know that he is writing his composition in his room. （宾语从句） The question is how we can finish it on time. （表语从句） The fact that some Chinese are still poor is really a great problem. （同位语从句） 一、宾语从句---及物动词、介词、部分形容词（certain, sure, glad, afraid, frightened, happy, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, upset, satisfied等）后. I believe (that) he is honest. (that不充当从句内的任何成分，一般情况可省略) I’m glad that you are satisfied with your job. (that不充当从句内的任何成分) He doesn’t care if/whether it isn’t a fine day. (if/whether不充当从句内的任何成分) Please tell me what you want. (what充当从句内的宾语)
【英语】 名词性从句英语期末复习(word)
【英语】名词性从句英语期末复习（word） 一、名词性从句 1．He took a trip to Beijing last week and ________ he saw at the Forbidden City impressed him deeply. A. that B. how C. what D. which 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：上周他到北京旅行了，他在故宫所看到的给他留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知，连词and后为一个名词性从句，因此应该使用what引导，且what在从句中作主语，故选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 2．________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家，过去生活很艰苦，到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型，意为“众所周知…”；第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词the old scientist指人，作介词for的宾语，只能用whom，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句，本题涉及固定句式it is known to us all that…和whom引导的限制性定语从句。 3．Located between the 16th and the 18th floor, ______ I call my “home” is more like a “bird's nest”. A. which B. that C. what D. where 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。What引导主语从句______ I call my “home”且 What在从句中充当call的宾语。故选C。 4．____ made me more unhappy was ___ the boy asked my friend to be his girlfriend and she agreed. A. What; that B. That ; that C. What; whether D. It; that 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：让我更不高兴的是那个男孩要求我的朋友做他的女友，她同意了。第一空填what,它一方面在句子中引导主语从句,另一方面又在主语从句中作主语；第二空用that引导表语从句且从句中不缺成分,表示对前面情况的说明。故选A。 【点评】考查了名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句以及that引导的表语从句。
名词性从句的用法
名词性从句的用法（Noun Clauses） Step1: 名词性从句的种类为4种：（1）主语从句.（2）宾语从句.（3）表语从句.（4）同位语从句. 一. 主语从句的用法. 特点：相当于名词的功能，在复合句中作主句的主语. （一）由“that”引导的主语从句. 特点：（1）“that”没有实在意义.（2）不可省略.（3）后接完整的句子，共同作主语，谓语动词用单数. （4）也可用“it”作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末. E g:That the earth goes round the sun is known to all of us. 主语系动词表语 译文：地球绕着太阳转是众所周知的. E g:It’s great that you got a scholarship 真正主语 译文：你拿了奖学金真是太好了. （二）由“whether”引导的主语从句. 特点：（1）“whether”有意义, 表示“是否”.（2）不可省略.（3）后接完整的句子，共同作主语，谓语动词用单数. （4）往往和“or not”连接. （5）也可用“it”作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末. E g:Whether he will come or not is unknown 主语 译文：他来不来还不知道. E g:Whether he can help me or not doesn’t matter too much. 主语 =It doesn’t matter too much w hether he can help me or not 译文：他是否要帮助我关系不大/无关紧要. （三）由“特殊疑问词代词和疑问副词”引导的主语从句. 1，疑问代词“what”引导的主语从句 特点：（1）“what”有意义, 表示“什么”.（2）不可省略.（3）后接完整的句子，共同作主语，谓语动词用单数. （4）“what”在从句中作及物动词的宾语，或者在从句中作主语. E g:What I told you is between you and me. 主语 译文：我告诉你的是个秘密. E g:What’s important is that one strives to achieve a goal. 主语 译文：重要的是为达到目标而不懈努力. E g:What bothers me is that I have no time. 主语 译文：让我困扰的是我没有时间. 2，疑问代词“whatever”引导的主语从句 特点：（1）“whatever”有意义, 表示“无论什么”.（2）不可省略.（3）后接完整的句子，共同作主语，谓语动词用单数. （4）“whatever”在从句中作及物动词的宾语，或者在从句中作主语. E g:Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
名词性从句whoever与no matter who有何区别
whoever与no matter who有何区别 有这样一道题： I will give the ticket to __________ wants it. A. whoever B. no matter who C. whatever D. no matter what 此题应选 A。容易误选B。选项C，D都是错的，因为从句意上看，“想要票的”应 该是“人”(whoever)而不能是“东西”(whatever)。至于为什么选 whoever 而不选no matter who，这要从它们在句中引导的成分说起： no matter who通常只能引导状语从句，而不能引导名词性从句。而 whoever 既可引导 名词性从句(= anyone that)也可引导状语从句(=no matter who)： 如何理解宾语从句的时态呼应 理解宾语从句的时态响应，应注意以下几种情况： 1. 无需呼应的情况：若主句谓语动词的时态为现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词 可根据句意的需要使用任何所需要的时态。如： He knows where they live. 他知道他们住哪里。 No one knows where he was born. 没有人知道他出生于何地。 Tom says that he’ll never get married. 汤姆说他永远不结婚。 2. 主句为过去时的情况：若主句谓语动词为过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词应用相应的 过去时态。如： She asked me if I’d slept well. 她问我睡得好不好。 I didn’t know whether they liked the place. 我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。 He said he was going to accompany her home. 他说他将陪她回家。 当主句谓语动词为过去时，即使宾语从句所表示的时间是现在，通常也用过去时。如：Oh! I didn’t know you were here. 啊! 我不知道你在这里。(you were here指说话的当时)