第二讲 名词所有格语法讲解及练习题(答案不全)

第二讲名词所有格以及名词做主语时的主谓一致

名词所有格：

名词在句中表示所属关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格，相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。所有格分三种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。三是双重所有格。

2. ’s所有格的用法：

有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词，也可以加's构成所有格。

Whose pen is this? It's Tom's.这是谁的钢笔？是汤姆的。

The bike is not mine, but Tom’s.这辆自行车不是我的，是Tom的。

3. of所有格的用法：

用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book, a map of the world , the story of a hero , the windows of the room , the title of the film

用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students

某些of所有格和‘s所有格可以互换。

the son of a poor peasant＝a poor peasant’s son一个贫农的儿子

但有时含义却不相同，请比较下面的例子：

an old woman's story(一个老妇人讲自己的身世)

the story of an old woman(别人讲一个老妇人的身世)

4. 双重所有格

双重所有格中带’s所有格的名词，必须是一个明确限定的指人的名词，同时of前面的

名词必须是不确指，其前可以有不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词(some, any, many, no, few等)以及which等限定词。例如：

I like reading some books of his.我喜欢读他的一些书。

Which book of Qiong Yao’s do you like best?你最喜欢琼瑶的哪一本书？

5. 's所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三者之间的细微区别

请仔细比较下面三句话：

1.She is Mary's brother's friend.

2.She is a friend of Mary's brother.

3.She is a friend of Mary's brother's. =one of Mary’s brother’s friends

1句用的是's所有格，侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系，突出friend一词。

2句用的是of所有格，侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系，强调突出了Mary's brother。

3句用的是双重所有格，侧重说明Mary哥哥的朋友不止是一个，她只是其中的一个。

6、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：

1、主语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是是单数或者不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。主语是复数时，谓语动词用复数。如：The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明) The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)。The students are working hard.

2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,

如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班) 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.(三

班有张中国地图)

3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)

4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)

5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如：

The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)

6、a lot of, some既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。单复数看后边名词。如：Some students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)

7、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数, 但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物或者表示一个人或事物的两个身份时,谓语则用单数。如：The teacher and his son are picking

apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一

种出名的食品)。The teacher and writer is coming.（这教师兼作家马上要来了。）

8、there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)

9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如：Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)

10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：A woman with

a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)

11、either…or…或者neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如：Either you or he is right.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的) / Neither you nor

I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)

12、表示一段时间，距离，金钱等度量衡时，谓语一般用单数。如：Two months is not a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离).(两千

千米是相当长的一段距离)。Two thousand dollars isn’t a large a mount of money. (两千美元不是一笔大数目)

13、主语中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一正在湖边玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)

有的单词有两种含义，既可数，也不可数，根据意思鉴别：What’s the population of China?(中国人口是多少？)(人口，强调数量，单数) / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人).(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(人口，强调人，复数)

7. 名词的功能

名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补助语,表语以及名词短语作状语。

The bag is in the desk.作主语。书包在桌子里边。

I washed my clothes yesterday.作宾语。昨天我洗了我的衣服。

This is a good book. 作表语。这是一本好书。

We elected him our monitor.作宾语补助语。我们选他为我们的班长。

Mary lives with her parents.作介词宾语. 玛丽和她的父母亲住在一起。

He is a Party member.作定语. 他是一名党员。

They study hard day and night.作（时间）状语。他们白天黑夜地学习。

名词专项练习

1

( ) 1 She was very happy. She ____ in the maths test.

A. makes a few mistake

B. made a few mistakes

C. made few mistakes

D. makes few mistake

( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?

A. potato

B. potatos

C. potatoes

D. potatoe

( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things.

A. Knife/used

B. Knives/used

C. Knife/using

D. Knives/using

( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has!

A. tooth

B. teeth

C. tooths . toothes

( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___.

A. leafs

B. leaves

C. leaf

D. leave

( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?

-Yes, please.

A. banana

B. oranges

C. apple

D. pear

( ) 7 On the table there are five____.

A. tomatos

B. piece of tomatoes

C. tomatoes

D. tomato

参考答案：1.C 2.C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C

2

( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books.

A. ideas

B. photos

C. information

D. stories

( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit.

A. some advices

B. some advice

C. an advice

D. a advice

( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad.

A. some news

B. a news

C. the news P. news

3

( ) 1 -Would you like___tea?

-No, thanks. I have drunk two____.

A. any, bottles of orange

B. some, bottles of orange

C. many, bottles of oranges

D. few, bottle of oranges

( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat.

A. two breads

B. two piece of bread

C. two pieces of bread

D. two pieces of breads

( ) 3 It really took him___ to draw the nice horse.

A. sometimes

B. hour

C. long time

D. some time

( ) 4 Can you give me ____?

A. a tea

B. some cup of tea

C. a cup tea

D. a cup of tea ( ) 5 John bought___for himself yesterday.

A. two pairs of shoes

B. two pair of shoe

C. two pair of shoes

D. two pairs shoes

4

( ) 1 -How many ____ have you got on your farm?

-I've got five.

A. sheeps

B. sheep

C. pig

D. chicken

( ) 2 Some ___ came to our school for a visit that day.

A. Germans

B. Germen

C. Germany

D. Germanies

( ) 3 In the picture there are many____ and two______.

A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps; foxes

B. sheeps; fox D. sheep;foxs

( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow.

A. Hungarian

B. Australian

C. Japanese

D. American

5

( ) 1 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir?

-I'd like____. !

A. chicken

B. a chicken

C. chickens

D. the chicken

( ) 2 Children should make____ for old people in a bus.

A. room

B. a room

C. rooms

D. the room

( ) 3 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films.

A. people

B. peoples

C. the people

D. the peoples

( )4 I have read____ of the young writer.

A. works

B. work

C. this works

D. the works

6

( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___?

A. the People's Park

B. the Peoples' Park

C. the People Park

D. People's Park

( ) 2 How many_______were there in the street when the accident happened?

A. policeman

B. polices

C. police

D. peoples

( ) 3 There are sixty-seven___ in our school.

A. women's teacher

B. women teachers

C. woman teachers

D. women teacher ( ) 4 They write most of their___ in English.

A. business letter

B. business letters

C. businesses

D. businesses letters （）5. September 10th is____in China.

A. Teacher's Day

B. Teachers' Day

C. Teacher Day

D. Teachers Day ( ) 6 -Is the book under ____ desk? -No, it's under____.

A. the teacher's; my

B. teacher's; mine

C. teacher's; me

D. the teacher's; mine ( )7 Excuse me, where is the___?

A. men's room

B. mens' room

C. men's rooms

D. men rooms 7

( ) 1 The football under the bed is____.

A. Lily and Lucy

B. Lily's and Lucy's

C. Lily's and Lucy

D. Lily and Lucy's ( ) 2 He went to ___ shop to buy a shirt.

A. a tailor

B. the tailor

C. a tailors

D. the tailors'

( ) 3 Joan is____.

A. Mary's and Jack sister

B. Mary and Jack's sister

C. Mary and Jack sister

D. Mary's and Jack's sister

( ) 4. Tom is ______. He will come to see me.

A. my a friend

B. a friend

C. mine friend

D. a friend of mine 8

( ) 1 In a few____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.

A. year

B. years'

C. year's

D. years

名词所有格专项练习汇编

名词所有格专项练习 班级 _______ 姓名 __________ ．用所给词的适当形式填空 1. March 8th is ______________ D ay. (woman). 2. __________________________ T aking twenty ( 分钟 ) exercise every day is good for your health. 3. __________________________ T he shop sells ( 妇女 ) handbags. 4. _______________________________________ T eachers in western countries have a ( 三个月的 ) holiday in a year. 5. I ' ll give my English teacher a card for __________ Day. (teacher) 6. It ' s only ten ________ walk from the station to the hotel. (minute) 7. It ' s an _________ (hour) ride from here to the museum. 8. That 'smy ______________ (father) car. It 's grey. 二．选择填空： ( ) 1． How ' s Joy 's skirt? Her skirt is more beautiful than ________________ . A. her sister ' s and Kate B. her sister and Kate C. her sister and Kate 's D. her sister ' s and Kate 's ( )2． This is ______ room. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Lucy ' s and Lily 's B. Lucy ' s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily ( ) 3． In _____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too. A. few years B. a few years ' C. a few year ( ) 4． Did you hear the _________ report? A. policemen B. policemen 's C. policemens ( ) 5．It 's about ___________ walk from my home. ( ) 6． This is my dress. That one is ____________ . A. Mary B. Mary 's C. sister D. mother ( )7． Where is _____________ sweater ? I can 't see it. A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy 's D. Lucys ( ) 8． _________ mothers made them have piano lessons. ( ) 9. The room on the right is _____________ A. her B. she C. Lil y 's D. L ily ( ) 10 ． Where ' s yuor father ? At ______ A. Mr Green 's B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Green 's D. the Greens ( ) 11 ． The twin brothers always put small presents in ________ stockings on Christmas Day. A. each other 's B. each other C. each others D. each other s ' ( ) 12. I have been to Beidaihe with a friend _________ . A. in Chinese B. of Japan C. of American 's D. from Canada ( )13. When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between . ( )14． It is said that SARS has killed more than _____________ people worldwide. s D. Lucy and Lily D. a few year ' s D. policemens A. ten minute B. ten m inutes C. ten minute s D. ten minutes A. Peter and Anne B. Peter ' s and Anne 's C. Peter s and Anne D. Peter and Anne 's A. Ted and Ben B. Ted ' s and Ben C. Ted and Ben s D. Ted ' s and Ben 's

小升初名词所有格详细讲解及练习题

名词所有格 名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用所有格形式。名词所有格也称为属格、主格，它主要包括\'s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式。 A.'s 所有格的用法 1.表示有生命的东西的名词末尾加\'s。例如：Jim's bed, the man's wife, children's toys, the fox's tail 2.以-es或-s结尾的名词末尾加"'s"。例如：the students' books, Teachers' Day, my boss' office, a girls' dormitory 3.有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词，也可以加 's构成所有格。例如：today's newspaper， five minutes' walk， a ton's weight， a dollar's worth of stamps， the moon's rays 4.表示两者共同拥有的人或物（共有）时，只需要后一个名词加's（或'）即可。如果表示两者各 自的所属关系（各自所有），则每个名词词尾都加上's（或'）。例如： Joan and Jane's room（房间属二人共同所有） Joan's and Jane's room（指Joan和Jane各自的房间） an hour and a half’s walk （步行一个半小时的路程） 5.'s所有格所修饰的词的省略现象 （1）表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词，其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如： I met her at the doctor's（office）．我在诊所遇见了她。 He has gone to the tailor's（shop）．他到服装店去了。 She went to Mr．Black's（house）yesterday．她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。 （2）名词所有格所修饰的词，如果前面已经提到过，往往可以省略，以免重复。例如：Whose pen is this？It's Tom's．这是谁的钢笔？是汤姆的。 The bike is not mine，but Wang Pinpin's．这辆自行车不是我的，是王品品的。 B.of 所有格的用法--- of所有格由of加名词构成，其用法归纳如下： 1.of所有格一般用于无生命的东西的名词中。例如：a map of the world, the story of a hero, the windows of the room, the title of the film 2.用于名词化的词。例如：the sticks of the blind 盲人的拐杖 3.修饰词较多时也可用of所有格。例如： the very long and graceful tail of the black cat 黑猫的又长又美的尾巴 4.表示有生命的东西的名词，有时也可以用of所有格。例如： the children of the family 那家的孩子们 5.某些of所有格和's所有格可以互换。the son of a poor peasant＝a poor peasant's son 一 个贫农的儿子 6.某些of所有格和's所有格互换，有时含义却不相同，请比较下面的例子： an old woman's story（一个老妇人讲自己的身世） the story of an old woman（别人讲一个老妇人的身世） 7. 起修饰作用的名词，如不表示所有关系，通常不用’s。 例 room number，tooth brush C.双重所有格及其用法 's所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起，构成"of＋所有格"形式，即双重的所有格。它通常表示部分观念，即全体中的一部分，在意义上与"one of．．．"相似，它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。此外，双重所有格与指示代词连用时，常带有感情色彩，如赞赏、不满、厌恶等。它的主要形式如下： 1．名词＋of＋名词性物主代词。例如：

名词所有格详细讲解及练习题

名词的所有格 名词有三个格：主格、宾格和所有格。名词的所有格通常表示“---的”. 1．How’s Joy’s skirt? Her skirt is more beautiful than ________. A.her sister’s and Kate B.her sister and Kate C.her sister and Kate’s D.her sister’s and Kate’s 2．This is _______ room. The twin sisters like it very much. A.Lucy’s and Lily’s B.Lucy’s and Lily C.Lucy and Lily’s 3．It’s about __________walk from my home.

A. ten minute B. ten minutes’ C. ten minute’s D. ten minutes 4 Today is September 10th. It's ________ Day. A. Teacher B. Teacher's C. Teachers' D. Teacher' 5. It's June 1st, it's ________ Day. A. Childrens B. Children's C. Childrens' D. Childrens's 6 This year, ________ is on May 9th. A.My mother's brithday B. My mothers' brithday C. My mothers brithday D. My mothers's brithday 7 This year, the most popular ________ hat is that kind. A. woman's B. womens' C. women's D. womans' 8 He is ________ . A. one student of my father B. one of my father's student C. my father's students D. one student of my father's 9 Ken is also ________ . A. one cousin of mine B. one cousin of my C. one cousin of me D. one cousin of I 10 Billy and I are good friends, I have ________ . A. some pictures of Billy' B. some pictures of Billy's C. some Billy's pictures D. some pictures of Billy

英语名词所有格详细讲解及练习题

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(完整版)名词所有格详细讲解及练习题(附答案)

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