主语从句讲解
一、主语从句的引导词
主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。
1. that引导
That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着，真是奇迹。
That we shall be late is certain. 我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。
That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。
That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。
That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。
That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。
That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上，在她村子里引起很大轰动。
2. whether引导
Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。
Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
3. 连接代词引导
Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet. 两强相争勇者胜。
Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。
Whichever you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。
4. 连接副词引导
When we arrive doesn’t matter. 什么时候到没有关系。
How it was done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的是一个谜。
How this happended is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。
How many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀请多少人还是一个问题。
Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。
5. 关系代词型what引导
What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。
What’s done is done. 事已成定局。
What he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。
What I am telling you is mere impressions. 我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。
What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花。
What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。
What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。
What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。
二、主语从句与形式主语it
有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分三种情况：
(1) 对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句：
It’s a pity that he didn’t come. 很遗憾他没来。
It is important that he should know about this. 他必须知道此事。
It’s vital that we be present. 我们出席是至关重要的。
It was intended that you be the candidate. 大家的意图是让你当候选人。
It is important that this mission not fail. 这项使命不失败至关重要。
It is essential that a meeting be convened this week. 本周开一次会非常重要。
It is appropriate that this tax be abolished. 废除这个税是恰当的。
It’s unfair that so many people should lose their jobs. 竟有这么多人失业这是不公平的。
It’s amazing that she should have said nothing about it. 她竟未谈及此事令人惊讶。
It’s unthinkable that they should deny my request. 他们竟然拒绝我的请求，这是不可思议的。
That they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage. 他们拒绝在请愿书上签字这是需要很大勇气的。
(2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句：
Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 它对我们是利是害，还得看看再说。
(3) 对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常直接将主语从句放在句首。如：
What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。
有时也可将助用形式主语。如：
It is clear enough what he meant. 他是什么意思很清楚。
(4) 如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构：
Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父亲，是真的吗？
How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又迟到了？
三、连词that的省略问题
引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省，有时不能省，其原则是：若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首，则that 不能省略；若that引导的主语从句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主语it，则that可以省略：
That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that不可省)
It was a pity (that) you didn’t go to the talk. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that可省)
主语从句
一、概述：在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句。
二.主语从句主要有三类：
（1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。
例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.
你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。
That you are so indifferent bothers me.
你如此冷淡使我很烦恼。
That she survived the accident is a miracle.
她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。
（2）用连词 whether 引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。
例如：Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.
她来不来都无关紧要。
（3）用连接代词引导的主语从句(在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分).
例如：What you need is more practice.
你所需要的是更多的训练。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这事。
Whatever we do is to serve the people.
我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。
（4）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)
eg:Where we should leave it is a problem.
When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.
他们什么时候来还不知道。
三.注意点:
1.it 做形式主语,而将主语从句放在句末（尤其是当谓语较短时）。
例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
光沿直线传播，这是众所周知的事。
=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.
众所周知光沿直线传播。
When the plane is to take off has not been announced .
飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。
= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.
还没有宣布飞机何时起飞。
(当what引导的主语从句表示“…的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。)
错:It is a book what he wants.
对:What he wants is a book. 他想要的是本书。
例如：Has it been settled who will be sent to carry out the task ?
谁将被派去执行这项任务决定了吗？
固定用法和译法
（1） It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that… 事实是……
It is good news that … ……是好消息
It is a question that … ……是个问题
It is common knowledge that … ……是常识
类似的名词还有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。
例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.
这一切是怎么发生的是个谜。
It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.
鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。
It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.
鲍勃会赢得这场比赛，这不足为奇。
（2） It is +形容词+从句
It is nece ssary that … 有必要……
It is clear that … 很清楚……
It is likely that … 很可能……
It is important that … 重要的是……
类似的形容词还有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; quite; unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.
例如：It is obvious that conductors and insulators are both important in industry.
很明显导体和绝缘体在工业中都很重要。
It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.
她是否能来令人怀疑。
It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you .
他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。
It is essential that he should be here by the weekend .
周末之前，他应该到这里是必要的。
It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.
很明显我们不能这样下去了。
（3） It is +过去分词+从句
It is said that … 据说……
It is reported that … 据报道……
It has been proved that … 已证明……
It must be proved that… 必须指出……
类似的过去分词还有：known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped; noted; discussed; required; decided; suggested; demanded; made clear; found out,etc.
例如：It is thought that he is the best player.
大家都认为他是最好的选手。
It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.
据估计这个花瓶有2000年的历史。
It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars. 过去一直认为新星是由于两颗星星之间碰撞产生的。
It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.
还没弄清楚这条路将开始通车。
It does not matter if I missed my train, because there is another later.
没有赶上这趟火车没有关系，稍晚还有一趟。
It happened that I saw him yesterday.
碰巧我昨天看见他了。
当“及物动词 + 宾语”较短时，也可用这种结构。
例如：It shocked me that Peter did not tell anybody where he was.
让我吃惊的是彼得没有告诉任何人他在哪里。
It does not interest me whether you go or not.
我对你去不去不感兴趣。
2.只用whether不用if引导主语从句.
Ⅰ．选择题：
1. _____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.
A. The estimate
B. The estimate
C. They are estimated
D. It is estimated that
2. _____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.
A. Which
B. Since
C. Although
D. How
3. _____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.
A. Whoever
B. Whatever
C. However
D. That
4. _____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.
A. For the reason that he is
B. Just because he is
C. The reason of being
D. That he is
5. Although _____ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.
A. which
B. what
C. how
D. it
6. _____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.
A. That occurred to her
B. She occurred that
C. To her that occurred
D. It occurred to her that
7. I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.
A. which
B. all
C. this
D. what
8. We lost our way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. what
9. _____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.
A. Which
B. Since
C. Although
D. How
10. _____ or not is still uncertain.
A. He’s coming
B. If he is coming
C. That coming
D. Whether he’s coming
11. It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.
A. doubt whether
B. doubtful
C. doubt it
D. doubtful whether
12. _____ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dick’s life is tied to mac hines.
A. Whether
B. Till
C. If
D. Unless
13. _____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.
A. That
B. When
C. What
D. Which
14. _____ is a spell of warm sunshine.
A. What do we all need.
B. What all we need
C. What we need
D. What we all need
15. _____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.
A. What
B. That
C. He
D. It
16. _____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon.
A. Remarkable
B. Quite remarkably
C. It is remarkable that
D. It is remarkable fact that
17. _____ you nominate will be elected.
A. Who
B. Whom
C. Whomever
D. That’s
18. _____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.
A. What
B. Which
C. Whichever
D. That’s
19. _____ of us gets home first starts cooking.
A. Who
B. Which
C. Whichever
D. Anyone
20. _____orders he gives are obeyed.
A. Whichever
B. Which
C. Whatever
D. What
主语从句
定义
在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫做主语从句.
名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句) 中的连接词
连词: that / whether / as if (though);
连接代词: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever
第一部分
常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语
主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。
（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.
that在主语从句中有三个特点：不作成分；没有词义；不能省略。
（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
（3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
（4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.
（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.
（6）Whatever you did is right. （主语从句大部分情况看成第三人称单数形式）
（7）What we need is time.
（8）What we need are good doctors. （主语从句有时可以根据表语来判断单复数问题）小结:
（1)引导主语从句连词有that, whether, who, what, whatever等
（2)连词位于句首不能省略
（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数,但也有例外,如例（8）
第二部分
为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末
（1）It is certain that he will win the match.
（2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.
（3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.
（4）It is strange that he should do that.
（5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.
（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.
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（7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.
（8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident.
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（9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai)
（10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.
（11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.
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（12）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film)
（13）It happened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats happened to be there)
小结:
（1)以that 引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导.
It is +形容词/名词/某些动词ed/ + that 从句.
It +不及物动词 + that 从句.
（2) 在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气 (should+do/should+have done)例句4,5,6,11.
主语从句的用法。
主语从句与宾语从句两者的用法和在句中的作用是不同的，下面从它们的各自用法来介绍。
一．主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
①主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：It is+{名词/形容词/过去分词}+主语从句或It +不及物动词 + that 从句.例如：
It is still a question whether she will come or not.
It is strange that you should like him.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
It seems that he has seen the film.
另外，还有一些比较多见的结构：
It turned out that……；
It has been proved that……;
It happened/occurred that……；
It is well-known that……等等
②而强调句则不同，它的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句
强调主语：It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄
强调宾语：It is English that Professor Lin teaches us.
强调状语：It was in shanghai that I saw the film.
判断是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，如果放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is +名词+that从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is +形容词+that从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) it +不及物动词+that从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
(4) it is+过去分词+that从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow.
if可以引导主语从句，但必须放置句尾。
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： What you said yesterday is right.
主语从句翻译题目
1． (谁将去接他)_____________ is not decided.
2． (哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)________ is not clear so far.
3． (他能否买到飞机票)________________ doesn’t matter much.
4． (我们如何去那里)_________________ is a question.
5． (你刚才告诉我的)________________ was really a surprise.
6． (他什么时候出国)_________________ is being discussed
7． (他为什么哭)_________________ is not clear.
8． It is clear__________(他是一个乞丐).
9． (你要请谁)_____________ is not important.
10． (我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)__________________ is not clear.
最佳答案
1． who will pick him up is not decided.
2． which class will win the match is not clear so far. 3．whether he can buy the ticket for plane doesn’t matter much. 4． how we will go there is a question.
5． what you told me just now was really a surprise.
6． when he will go abroad is being discussed
7． why he cries is not clear.
8． It is clear that he is a beggar
9． who you will invite is not important.
10． where the basketball will be held is not clear.
【英语语法】主语从句讲解 1. That as much as one-fourth of all timber harvested is not used proved to be false. 【参考译文】所有砍伐的木材有多达四分之一没有被利用，结果证明这是错误的。
【结构分析】 (That as much as one-fourth of all timber harvested is not used) proved to be false.句子的主干是:That引导名词从句作主语，谓语动词是proved，to be false是不定式作表语;在主语从句中，主语是timber，as much as one-fourth of all是主语timber的前置定语，harvested是timber的后置定语，谓语是is not used;此句中that引导的名词性从句置于句首，表面上看头重脚轻，实际这是一种语言修辞，是一种强调手段。
【知识链接】 as much as 多达；timber 木材；harvest 收割，收获；prove to be 结果证明是。
2. Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.
【参考译文】政府究竟是应减少对技术经费的投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看做是驱动力量。
【结构分析】句子主干结构是：whether the Government....or vice versa depends on the issue (of which. whether引导名词性从句作句子的主语，谓语是动词短语depends on，宾语是the issue，其后面的of which...是介词短语作the issue的后置定语。值得注意的是在of后面，which引导的是名词性从句，作介词of的宾语（即宾语从句）。故此句有两个名词性从句，whether和which各引导一个，分别作句子主语和介词宾语。
【知识链接】此处的finance因为有-ing结尾，故是动词的用法，意为“财政支持”，不能简单地理解为名词词义“财政”；pure纯粹的；pure science纯科学；expense消费，花费；at the expense of 相当于 at the price/cost of 以......为代价；drive 驱赶，驱动；the driving force 动力，驱动力量。
3. Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death of the more independent kind is hard to say.
【参考译文】有组织野营活动的显著增长是否意味着较独立野营活动的消亡还很难说。
【结构分析】 (Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death of the more independent kind ) is hard to say.括号中 whether 引导的名词性从句是此句的主语，谓语是系动词Ls，hard是表语，to say是状语;括号中的主语从句里，主语是 growth，谓语动词是 means，宾语是 death，remarkable 和 of organized camping 是从句主语 growth 的前、后置定语，eventual和of the more independent kind是从句宾语death的前、后置定语。
【知识链接】remarkable显著的，非同寻常的；growth增长；camping野营，露营； organized camping有组织的野营；mean意味着；eventual最终的independent独立的。
4. It is also the argument of these sports executives that television is harming the modest teams.
【参考译文】这些体育管理者还认为电视正在给那些低调球队带来伤害。
【结构分析】此句可拆分为以下几部分：(It) is also (the argument of these sports executives) (that television is harming the modest teams).其中，it 是形式主语，为避免句式结构的头重脚轻，代替了 that主语从句，此句的正常句式结构应为（That television...) is also (the argument of...)。
【知识链接】argument主张，观点（在阅读中不要总机械地理解为“争执/争议”）； executive行政人员，管理人员；modest谦虚的，此处引申为“低调的”。
5. It is a strange thought, but I believe a correct one，that twenty or thirty pages of ideas and information would be capable of turning the present-day world upside down，or even destroying it.
【参考译文】二三十页资料的思想和情报会让当今的世界天翻地覆，甚至毁灭这个世界。这是个离奇的想法，不过我认为它是正确的。
【结构分析】It is a strange thought, but (I believe) a correct one，//that twenty or thirty pages of ideas and information would be capable of turning the present-day world upside down，or even destroying it.此句中第一段是句子的主干，It是形式主语代替that引导的名词性从句，谓语动词是is，表语是并列名词短语a strange thought but a correct one，括号里的I believe是插人语;在第二段that引导的主语从句里，twenty or thirty pages of ideas and information是从句主语，would be capable of是谓语部分，其后面的并列动名词短语 turning... or even destroying...是从句的宾语。
【知识链接】 a strange thought 奇怪的想法；be capable of 能够；present-day 现在的，当今的；the present-day world 当今世界；turn...upside down 把......搞个天翻地覆。
6. While it’s true that we all need a career，it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions.
【参考译文】尽管事实上我们都需要一个职业，但同样的事实是：我们的文明在那些被冷落的领域已经集聚了大
量的知识，并且如果对这些领域的贡献加以学习研究，我们的生活将会更加美好。
【结构分析】此句的整体结构可拆分为:While it's true that…，//it is equally true that ... and that ...;逗号前第一段中，while(相当于although)引导的是让步状语从句，从句里面it是形式主语，代替后面that引导的主语从句that we all need a career;逗号后面的第二段是主句，结构是形式主语it代替两个并列的that主语从句;在并列的第一个that从句中， far removed from our own是过去分词短语作fields的后置定语。
【知识链接】 career 事业；equally 同等地;civilization 文明;accumulate 积累，积聚; incredible令人难以置信的；amount数量（常用于不口J数名词）；field领域，田野；contribution 贡献(后常接介词to);fields (far removed from our own)“我们生活中被删除的领域”，即“被我们冷落/疏远的领域”;while it’s true that...，it’s equally true that...可提炼为写作句型“尽管事实上...但同样的事实是...”。
例如：Wh ile it’s true that he is not intelligent, it’s equally true that he is very diligent.
尽管他不聪明是事实，但他相当勤奋，这亦是事实。
7. It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way，that if we escape wars，accidents and diseases we shall eventually die of old age， and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person，so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty.
【参考译文】我们发现的最不愉快事实之一就是：我们必然会这样老去；即使我们能避开战争、意外事故和各种
疾病，我们也最终会寿终正寝;并且人与人之间的几率相差无几，我们最有可能死去的年龄在六十五至八十岁之间。【结构分析】It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries (which we all make) that we must decline in this way，//that if we escape wars> accidents and diseases we shall eventually die of old age，//and that this happens at
a rate (which differs little from person to person)，so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between
the ages of sixty-five and eighty. 此句it是形式主语，代替后面三个并列的that名词性从句；which we all make
是其前面 discoveries的定语从句;第二个that从句是一个较复杂的复合句:if we escape wars，accidents and diseases是条件状语从句，后面we shall...方为主干;第三个that从句尤其复杂:主语this指代前面的 that 从句内容，happens 是谓语动词，at a rate 是方式状语，which differs little from person to person引导定语从句修饰rate，so that引导结果状语从句修饰动词happens，表示其结果。
【知识链接】 make a discovery 做个发现；decline 减弱；in this way 通过这一方式;escape逃避，避免；eventually最终；die of死于（常为内因；外因用die from); at a rate以......几率； There are heavy odds in favor of...(句型）很有可能会......。
8. It is recounted of Carlyle that when he heard of the illness of his friend，Henry，he went off immediately to
visit him，carrying with him in his pocket what remained of a bottle of medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs Carlyle’s.
【参考译文】据说卡莱尔有过这样一回事:他听说朋友亨利病了，就立刻跑去看他，衣袋里装上了他妻子不舒服时
吃剩下的一瓶药。
【结构分析】It is recounted of Carlyle//that uohen he heard of the illness of his friend，Henry，he went off immediately to visit him，carrying (with him) (in his pocket) what remained of a bottle of medicine (formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs Carlyle’s).第一段是此句的主干，主语是形式主语It(指代后面真正的that主
语从句），谓语动词是is recounted,of Carlyle是范围状语，此外应关注介词of的用法，它是“关于”的意思，相当
于about。难点在于that从句是一个结构相对复杂的复合句：when引导的从句（斜体部分）是其中的时间状语从句，其中Henry是friend同位语;he went off immediately to visit him才是that从句里的主干；紧随其后的carrying是went off的伴随状语，它的宾语是画线部分的 what从句，因为长的缘故（避免头重脚轻）被后置，和carrying发生了分隔，而（with him) (in his pocket)则是carrying的伴随和方式状语；最后面的formerly prescribed...是过去分词短语作其前面medicine的后置定语。
【知识链接】recount叙述，记载；hear of听说;formerly先前，从前；prescribe开药方; indisposition小恙，不舒服。
名词性从句之主语从句讲解
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高中英语语法：主语从句的考点分析与专项训练
高中英语语法主语从句 第一节主语从句 1．考点解析。 1．主语从句一般分为三类：由what等代词引导的主语从句；由连词that 引导主语从句，多数情况下由it作形式主语，that从句放到句子后面去；由连接代词或连接副词（或whether）引导的主语从句。 What they are after is beauty. It is not your fault that we can’t arrive on time. When they will arrive has not been decided. 2. 由关系代词what引导的主语从句，也可由whatever（“所…的一切”）或 whoever（“一切…的人”）引导。 Whatever he wants is your support. Whoever comes will be welcome. 3. 大多数主语从句都可用it代替，作形式主语，把主语从句放在句尾。要注意it代替主语从句和it引导的强调句的区别。强调句的结构是it is/was….+that…，强调人是可把that 换做who，whom，whose。如强调的是状语时，也只能用that,而不能用when, where, how, why等。 It was in Paris that they fell in love with each other. It is the lady who was my English teacher. It was last semester that he won the first prize. 2. 试题详解。 1．______ he needs is more experience. A. Who B. That C. What D. How 2.It was because of the heavy snow ______ the train was late. A. why B. that C. so D. thus 3．It doesn’t matter ______ he likes or not. A. whether B. what C. when D. that 4______ he has won the Noble Prize has been proved to be true. A. What B. How C. It D. That 5．What he wants _______ to sleep more. A. are B. have been C. is D. were 6．______ we can begin this investigation is still a question. A. When B. Why C. What D. That 7．It is ______ that the highway will be open to traffic nest year. A. report B. reported C. reporting D. by report 8．______ fails to see this will make a big mistake. A. Whatever B. what C. wherever D. Whoever 9．It is a mystery _____ the prisoner escaped. A. why B. how C. what D. that 10．It was last summer _____ he graduated from the college. A. that B. when C. / D. where 3. 实战演练。 1. We didn’t know ______ she didn’t come. A. why B. that C. when D. it 2. It is still doubtful _______ she would play the part.
主语从句超全练习题及答案
主语从句练习题 [即学即用] I. 用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。 1. ______ he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday wasn’t quite clear. 2. The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope ______ the two sides will work towards peace.” 3. ______ team will win the match is still unknown. 4. ______ comes to the party will receive a present. 5. ______ Mary has left is still a question. 6. It’s reported ______ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly. 7. ______ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us. 8. We usually think ______ we can’t get seems better than what we have. 9. It is a fact ______ English is being accepted as an international language. 10. ______ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasn’t been decided. II. 下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。 1. That the old man’s son wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden. 2. It is reported when China has successfully sent Shenzhou VI spaceship into space. 3. If he can finish his task on time is of great importance. 4. Whether the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing excited the whole nation. 5. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, which our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. 6. Whatever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 7. Why they will solve the serious problem today has not been decided. 8. When will win the English competition is still a problem. 9. How our spring sports meet will be held or not this week is not known yet. 10. It’s strange when he should have gone away without telling us. GRAMMAR 主语从句学习指导 [寻规找矩] 请观察下列句子，注意主语从句的用法。 1. That the earth travels round the sun is a well-known fact. 2. It is uncertain whether the artist can do it or not. 3. Who will act the lead in the play has not been decided yet. 4. Where the young man has gone is not known. 5. It is not yet decided when and where the test will be given. [常见错误展示] 下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。 1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge. 2. If she’s coming or not doesn’t matter much.
主语从句详解及练习-附答案
语法要点剖析 一、名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 1. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if 和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副 词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名 作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： （1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 2. 宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去 上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
xx考研英语语法复习主语从句
xx考研英语语法复习主语从句 在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫作主语从句。具体形式为：引导词引导一个从句作主语;或者it作形式主语+谓语/系表结构+引导词+从句。 ⑴陈述句充当主语从句，连词为that(that没有实际含义，在从句中只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何语法成分)，从句为"that+陈述句"，that不能省略。 【例句】 That Chris Lee won the champion of Super Girl in xx arouse wide public concern. 李宇春赢得xx年超女冠军这件事引起了社会的广泛关注。 ⑵一般疑问句充当主语从句，连词为whether(whether"是否"的含义，在从句中只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何语法成分)，从句为"whether+陈述句语序"，whether不能省略。 【例句】 Whether this is true or not remains a mystery. 这是对是错还是个谜。 ⑶特殊疑问句充当主语从句，连词为特殊疑问词(特殊疑问词都有自己的含义，在从句中作一定的语法成分)，从句为"特殊疑问词+陈述句语序"，特殊疑问词不能省略。 【例句】 例1 --what
What caused the aident remains unknown. 是什么引起了这一事故仍然。 例2--where Where my wife and I should enjoy our honeymoon is still unsettled. 我太太和我应该去哪享受我们的蜜月还没有最后决定。 例3 --which Which university I should choose to continue my further education is a question of great importance. 我应该考哪个大学的研究生是个很重要的问题。 例4--when When and where the test will be given is not yet decided. 什么时候在什么地方进行考试还没定下来。 例5---ever Whoever gets the job will have a lot of work to do. 任何得到这份工作的人都将要有很多工作要做。 例6--how How we can protect the grain from damp needs to be discussed. 我们怎样才能保护粮食不受潮需要讨论讨论。 3.It句型
高考英语主语从句讲解
高考英语主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that，whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. 3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A. It + be + 形容词+ that 从句 (obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名词词组+ that 从句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如： It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实It is common knowledge that… …是常识 It’s a pity that we can’t go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。）如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句( seem，happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out）。如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从
史上最全的主语从句讲解及其练习
主语从句 一、主语从句的连词分三类 （1）从属连词引导的主语从句（that whether if） that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。 That she survived the accident is a miracle. whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。 注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether。 Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. （2）用连接代词引导的主语从句 在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分. 例如Whatever we do is to serve the people. 注：whatever / whoever的功用 whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever 引导的让步状语从句的区别。 如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句） （＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ） Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句） （＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ） （3）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)
(完整版)主语从句详解
主语从句详解 一、概述 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句.根据它们在句中的语法作用, 这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句. 二、主语从句主要有四类 （1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省. 例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely. That you are so indifferent bothers me. That she survived the accident is a miracle. （2）用连词whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省. 注意：引导主语从句, 不能用if, 只能用whether. 例如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matt er too much. （3）用连接代词引导的主语从句 在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中, 其连接代词在句中起名词性作用, 担当一定成分. 例如：What you need is more practice. What I want to know is this. Whatever we do is to serve the people. 注：whatever / whoever的功用 whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义.它引导主语从句, 并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等. whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who.要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别. Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句） （＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ） Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句） （＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ） （4）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语.) 例如:Where we should leave it is a problem. When they will come hasn’t been made pubic. 三、注意点: it构成的主语从句 （1）由连词that引导的主语从句, 在多数情况下放到句子的后面, 而用代词it作形式主语. 例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all. =It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.
2016考研英语：主语从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。今天我们就来重点讲一下其中的主语从句。 在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫作主语从句。它的具体表现形式是：引导词引导一个从句作主语；或者it作形式主语+谓语/系表结构+引导词+从句。 【例1】that That Chris Lee won the champion of Super Girl in 2005 arouse wide public concern.李宇春赢得2005年超女冠军这件事引起了社会的广泛关注。 【例2】what What caused the accident remains unknown.是什么引起了这一事故仍然未知。 【例3】where Where my wife and I should choose to continue my further education is a question of great importance.我太太和我应该去哪享受我们的蜜月还没有最后决定。 【例4】which Which university I should choose to continue my further education is a question of great importance.我应该考哪个大学的研究生是个很重要的问题。 【例5】when When and where the test will be given is not yet decided.什么时候在什么地方进行考试还没定下来。 【例6】-ever Whoever gets the job will have a lot of work to do.任何得到这份工作的人都将要有很多工作要做。 【例7】how How we can protect the grain from damp needs to be discussed.我们怎样才能保护粮食不受潮需要讨论。 【例8】whether Whether this is true or not remains a mystery.这是对是错还是个谜。 It句型 有的时候主语从句过长，根据人类短暂记忆规律，主语过长会影响理解和阅读，往往会用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句尾，加以强调，是为it句型。 【例】 It is a pity that we won’t be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.我们不能去南方度过我们的暑假很遗憾。 为表示强调，常以形式主语it引导从句。It+谓语+引导词+从句。由于主语从句一般被认为是单数形式，形式主语代表真正的主语，因此要用it。因此形式主语的谓语动词、be动词+表语均为第三人称单数形式或过去式。 英国桂冠诗人约翰·梅斯菲尔德说：“快乐的日子使人睿智。”很多考生可能觉得这句话应该反过来说，但其实复习过一段时间以后，面对着越来越复杂的难题，你就会发现，保持快乐的心态，复习效率自然而然就会提高。
主语从句练习
微练习 一、用适当的连接词完成句子。 1．has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. 2．It is important he should know about this. 3．they would support us was a problem. 4．Mike didn’t turn up at the meeting yesterday is unknown. 5．It is reported China has sent another manmade satellite. 6．he is still alive is a wonder. 7．type of computer he will buy needs discussing. 8．the book will sell depends on its author. And I think it’ll sell well. 9．It is still a mystery caused the accident. 10. I told you is true. 二、单项填空 1. It is under discussion the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where 2. one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever 3. It remains to be seen the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 4. those clouds threw shadows that some sunlight. A. blocked out B. took in C. put off D. gave away 5. we’ll go climbing tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 6. all the inventions have in common is they have succeeded. A. What; what B. That; that C. What; that D. That; what 7. still needs to be discussed. A. How is the plan to be carried out B. How the plan is to be carried out C. Why is the plan carried out D. Why the plan carried out 8. that she has received a doctor’s degree. A. It’s a splendid news B. This is a splendid news C. It’s splendid news D. This is splendid news. 9. the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A. Why B. When C. That D. What 10. I think impresses me about painting is the colors he uses. A. what B. that C. which D. who 三、完成句子，词数不限 1. （不管谁去接他）must have a driver’s licence. 2. （哪个班级会赢得这场足球赛）is still a mytery. 3. （他能否买到票）doesn’t matter much. 4. （我们要去哪里）is a question. 5. （你刚才告诉我的）was really a surprise.
主语从句详细讲解及综合练习
主语从句 一、概念：在复合句中起主语作用得从句叫主语从句。 （一）连接词 从属连词：that、whether； 关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever； 关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等； 例：What he said is true、 That you don’t like him is none of my business、 Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather、 主语从句得时态：不受主句得时态影响与限制。 （1）______ he finished writing the composition in such a short time ______(惊讶) us all、（2）______we will go for an outing tomorrow ______（remains，remained）unknown、（3）______ will be our monitor ______(be) decided yet、 （4）______we must study for ______ (be) a question of great importance、 （5）______ caused the accident ______（remains，remained）unknown、 （6）______ you did ______ (be)right、 （7）______ watch ______(be) lost is unknown、 （8）______we need ______(be) time、 （9）______ we need ______(be) good doctors、 小结: （1)主语从句得时态：不受主句得时态影响与限制。 （2)连词位于句首不能省略（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9 1、从属连词that，whether引导得主语从句。 从属连词that，whether在主语从句中得作用只就是引导主语从句，在从句中不担任成分，不能省略。 例：__________ they will go is certain、 __________ she will come or not is still a question、 __________ she's coming or not doesn't matter too much、 2、it作形式主语引导主语从句。 如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。That引导得主语从句可用it代替，that 不可省略。 用作it作形式主语得结构： （1）It is/was +形容词+that 从句 It’s natural that…很自然……It’s obvious that …显而易见…… It’s fortunate that …幸运得就是It’s (im)possible…（不）可能…… It’s unlikely that…不可能It’s strange that…奇怪得就是…… （2）It is/was +名词+that 从句 It’s a pity that…遗憾得就是……It’s a fact that …事实就是…… It’s good news that…就是好消息……It’s a wonder that…不足为奇…… It’s an honour that…非常荣幸……It’s a shame that…真就是可耻…… It’s common knowledge that …就是常识… （3）It +不及物动词+that 从句 It seems that…似乎……It happened that…碰巧…… It appears that…瞧来……It turns out that…结果…… （4）It is/was +过去分词+that 从句 It’s not known that………不得而知It’s said that…据说……
主语从句详解及练习_附答案
高二年级语法要点剖析（李翌洋） 一、名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 1. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if 和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。 例如： （1）What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 注意：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： （1）It + be + 名词+ that从句 （2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句 （4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…